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Lecture 3 - Bus Arbitration

The document is a YouTube playlist discussing bus arbitration. It contains videos about issues in bus design like how the bus is reserved by devices that want to use it. It discusses the master-slave arrangement and issues with having only one bus master like the processor. It also covers different bus arbitration schemes like daisy chain arbitration that is a serial priority scheme often used for peripherals. The videos explain how daisy chain arbitration works with grant, request, and busy signals connected between bus masters/devices.

Uploaded by

Sandeep Kumar Yadav
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33 views

Lecture 3 - Bus Arbitration

The document is a YouTube playlist discussing bus arbitration. It contains videos about issues in bus design like how the bus is reserved by devices that want to use it. It discusses the master-slave arrangement and issues with having only one bus master like the processor. It also covers different bus arbitration schemes like daisy chain arbitration that is a serial priority scheme often used for peripherals. The videos explain how daisy chain arbitration works with grant, request, and busy signals connected between bus masters/devices.

Uploaded by

Sandeep Kumar Yadav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?

list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L

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UNIT-1 : LECTURE -3

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BUS ARBITRATION

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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
BUS ARBITRATION

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oOne of the most important issue in BUS design:

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oHow is the BUS reserved by a device that whishes to use it.

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oMaster-slave arrangement.

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oOnly the bus master can control access to the BUS:

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A slave responds to read and write requests.

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oThe simplest system

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processor is the only BUS master

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All BUS request must be controlled by the processor
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Major drawback: the processor is involved in every transaction.
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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
ARBITRATION OF MULTIPLE POTENTIAL BUS MASTERS

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oBUS arbitration scheme usually try to balance two factors.

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oBUS priority:-the highest priority device must be served first.

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oFairness: even the lowest priority device should never be completely

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oBUS arbitration scheme can be divided into for classes.

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oThe DAISY CHAIN.

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oCentralized parallel arbitration.

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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L

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priority arbitration.
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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L

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•Daisy chain arbitration is use for
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arbitrating peripherals.
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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L

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•In daisy chain arbitration there is a
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one grant signal bus is connected


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to each of the bus master or device.


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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L

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connected to through bus master or


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device.
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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L

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• Serially a fixed priority is set from devices
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which are nearer to bus arbitrator to
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devices which far from bus arbitrator.


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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L

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•Only one communication can
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occur on a bus at a time.


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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L

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•When bus request is received to
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bus arbitrator it gives bus grant


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signal.
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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L

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• Then the first device check bus grant signal if it

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the request then it accept it and if not then it pass
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the bus grant signal to second device.


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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L

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•Advantage of this method is only
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three buses is required i.e. bus
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grant, bus request and bus busy.


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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L

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•It have simple interface.
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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L

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•Disadvantage of this method is that it
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is slow because each device have to


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check signal serially according to


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priority.
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L

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•Debugging and diagnosis is not
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possible with daisy chain


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arbitration.
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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
CENTRALIZED PARALLEL ARBITRATION.

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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
POLLING...

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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L
Independent Requesting

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° There are separate BUS REQUEST and BUS GRANT lines for every device that are

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sharing bus.

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° In this, bus controller has the capability of immediate identifying all the requesting

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° Bus controller responds rapidly to the request by determining the highest priority device
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that has sent the bus request.


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° This priority ishttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqisrLSFbMDKZRViIED3mwBVHl5c4LG-L


programmable and is predetermined.

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