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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

- Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders, affecting 1-5% of the population, and is characterized by obsessions and compulsions. - Common obsessions include fears of contamination or harm, while compulsions are highly repetitive behaviors like handwashing or checking that are performed to try and prevent discomfort. - Hoarding is a related condition where people have difficulty discarding possessions, leading to cluttered homes filled with unwanted items. Body dysmorphic disorder involves obsessive focus on minor or imagined physical flaws.

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Prajna Rajnarayanan
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35 views

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

- Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders, affecting 1-5% of the population, and is characterized by obsessions and compulsions. - Common obsessions include fears of contamination or harm, while compulsions are highly repetitive behaviors like handwashing or checking that are performed to try and prevent discomfort. - Hoarding is a related condition where people have difficulty discarding possessions, leading to cluttered homes filled with unwanted items. Body dysmorphic disorder involves obsessive focus on minor or imagined physical flaws.

Uploaded by

Prajna Rajnarayanan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Obsessive compulsive

disorder
26/09

OCD

Here is where your presentation begins


By Prajna
- One of the most common anxiety disorder (affecting 1-5% of the population)
- These visible behaviours may be due to deep anxiety for the individual
- Approximately 69% of those diagnosed with anxiety have obsessions and
compulsions (25% only obsessions and 6% only compulsions)
- Criteria for diagnosis in the DSM V - presence of obsessions and/or compulsions
- There is a triggering event followed by obsessive thoughts and discomfort and
compulsion involves repeating the action continuously
- Examples of obsession fear on contamination, imagining a fire breaking out in every
building entered
- Commonly associate with highly repetitive behaviours such as hand washing,
checking fire exits, rereading mails and messages before sending to ensure it is
correct (compulsions) which impair
-
Hoarding
- Where individuals experience great difficulty getting rid of possessions, leading to
them collecting unwanted things and storing it.
- This makes their homes untidy, cluttered and unhygienic
- Things people hoard include clothes, newspapers, magazines, paper and plastic bags,
cardboard boxes, photographs, household supplies etc.
- Reasons for hoarding may include : prevention of harm, deprivation hoarding,
emotional attachment.
- Feature of hoarding include :
- accumulation of things that have little or no value
- difficulty in discarding or parting with things
- indecision about what to keep or where to put things
- severe anxiety when attempting to discard things
- difficulty categorising or organising things
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD)
- Involves obsessive thoughts about perceived faults in one’s physical appearance -
which are usually only minor defects or are imaginary
- Focused on the skin, around the face and the head, with the most disliked body parts
being : the skin, hair, nose
- 72% of people with BDD seek cosmetic surgery but because it is a psychological
disorder physical changes will not cure the person.
- Can also include constantly comparing one’s appearance to others
- Main features of BDD:
- A preoccupation with some imagined defect in appearance in a normal
appearing person.
- The preoccupation causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social,
occupational or other important areas of functioning.
- The preoccupation is not better accounted for by another mental disorder.
- Typical behaviours include :
- Camouflaging using body position, posture, makeup or clothing (91%)
- Comparing body parts with other (88%)
- Checking appearance in mirrors (87%)
Examples and case studies (charles, Rapoport, 1989)

- Charles was a 14 year old boy with OCD who started washing excessively. He
followed the same ritual in the shower which took him 3 hours and getting dressed
which took him another 2 hours. His mother contacted Rapoport when tis continued
for 4 years. Prior to this Charles was a student who was very interested in science. He
had to drop out of school and only has one friend because f his washing habits which
allowed him little time for other things. He underwent a drug trial for clomipramine (a
type of antidepressant), which gave effective relief of his symptoms; he was able to
pour honey, for instance. Yet after a year, he had developed a tolerance for his
medication. Charles relapsed and returned to ritualistic washing and dressing.

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