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Lab 2

This document provides instructions and examples for encoding and decoding messages using functions. It explains that encoding a message involves using a one-to-one function to transform letters into numbers. Decoding involves using the inverse function to transform the encoded numbers back into letters. As an example, it shows how the function f(x)=3x+4 can be used to encode the message "MATH" as 43 7 64 28, and how the inverse function f^-1(x)=(x-4)/3 can be used to decode it. It then provides practice problems for students to encode and decode additional messages using different functions.

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dibia collins
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72 views

Lab 2

This document provides instructions and examples for encoding and decoding messages using functions. It explains that encoding a message involves using a one-to-one function to transform letters into numbers. Decoding involves using the inverse function to transform the encoded numbers back into letters. As an example, it shows how the function f(x)=3x+4 can be used to encode the message "MATH" as 43 7 64 28, and how the inverse function f^-1(x)=(x-4)/3 can be used to decode it. It then provides practice problems for students to encode and decode additional messages using different functions.

Uploaded by

dibia collins
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH 1314 – College Algebra Lab 2

Name: ___________________________________

Please show your work in the space provided in order for you to receive credit. Answers with no work will
receive no credit. Box your answers.

1. The function 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥 ) = √𝑥𝑥 , is reflected over the 𝑥𝑥-axis, vertically stretched by a factor of 3, and shifted right 2
units.
a. Write the equation of the transformed function. 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = ____________________________

b. Sketch the graph the transformed function.

c. State the domain of the transformed function in interval notation.

Domain = ______________________

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MATH 1314 – College Algebra Lab 2
2. Consider the functions below. Describe the transformations in the correct order to the graph of 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑥𝑥 2 .
If the transformation does not apply, put “None.”

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a. 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = (𝑥𝑥 − 5)2 + 7
3

1. Horizontal Shift:

2. Stretch/Shrink:

3. Reflection:

4. Vertical Shift:

Sketch the graph of 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥), include at least three ordered pairs:

b. ℎ(𝑥𝑥 ) = −3(𝑥𝑥 + 5)2 − 7

1. Horizontal Shift:

2. Stretch/Shrink:

3. Reflection:

4. Vertical Shift:

Sketch the graph of ℎ(𝑥𝑥), include at least three ordered pairs:

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MATH 1314 – College Algebra Lab 2
Cryptology is the science of making and breaking codes. This exercise explores how the idea of functions and their
inverses can be used to encode and decode messages.

To encode and decode a message, first replace each letter of the alphabet with a positive integer using the following
scheme, thus rewriting the original message as numbers instead of words:

A–1 F–6 K – 11 P – 16 U – 21 Z – 26

B–2 G–7 L – 12 Q – 17 V – 22 Blank - 27

C–3 H–8 M – 13 R – 18 W – 23

D–4 I–9 N – 14 S – 19 X – 24

E–5 J – 10 O – 15 T – 20 Y – 25

ENCODING: A one-to-one function can be used to encode a numerical message.

For example, suppose you want to send the message MATH to a friend, and you have decided that the
function 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 3𝑥𝑥 + 4 will be the encoding function. This function describes the procedure used to create
the encoded message – in this case multiply by 3 and add 4.

First change the letters to the corresponding numbers as shown above: 13 1 20 8

Now use these numbers as the input values in 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥):

𝑓𝑓(13) = 3(13) + 4 = 43
𝑓𝑓(1) = 7
𝑓𝑓(20) = 64
𝑓𝑓(8) = 28
So the encoded message that you send to your friend is: 43 7 64 28

DECODING: Now it is up to your friend to decode the message. Decoding is the process that undoes the
encoding process. If 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) encodes the message, then the inverse, 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥), will decode it. So 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥 ) is the
decoding function.
𝑥𝑥−4
In this example, the inverse of 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 3𝑥𝑥 + 4 can be found to be 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥 ) = .
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Take the encoded message “43 7 64 28 ” and use these numbers as the input values in 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥).

The last step is to convert the decoded numbers back to letters using the table given previously.

𝑓𝑓 −1 (43) = 13 = M
𝑓𝑓 −1 (7) = 1 = A
𝑓𝑓 −1 (64) = 20 = T
𝑓𝑓 −1 (28) = 8 = H

Now your friend knows the message that you sent was MATH.

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MATH 1314 – College Algebra Lab 2
3. Suppose 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 7𝑥𝑥 − 3 is the encoding function.
a. Encode “COLLIN COUGARS”. The answer should be numbers. Remember to include the space.

Code:

b. Find the inverse function, 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥). Show your work.

c. Using the inverse function from part b, decode the following encoded message. First, write down the
decoded numbers, then write the corresponding letters. The answer should be words.

39 4 81 81 186 4 95 25 186 130 109 123 60 95 46 186 4 123 32 186

88 172 186 39 4 151 102 123 60 137 32 186 130 32 4 130 102 95 130

Message:

d. Why is it necessary for the encoding function to be one-to-one? Your explanation should be specific to this
problem, as well as clearly written using complete sentences, correct spelling, and proper grammar.

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