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Self-Concept by Carl Rogers

Carl Rogers' theory proposes that self-concept, formed from childhood experiences and evaluations by others, is central to personality. Our self-schema, including factors like past experiences and traits, is dynamic and evolves through life. The self-concept has three components - self-worth, self-image, and ideal-self. Incongruence occurs when experiences are denied, distorting self-image and causing distress, while congruence exists with little gap between real and ideal selves, resulting in well-being.

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Aireen Shelvie Bermudez
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123 views

Self-Concept by Carl Rogers

Carl Rogers' theory proposes that self-concept, formed from childhood experiences and evaluations by others, is central to personality. Our self-schema, including factors like past experiences and traits, is dynamic and evolves through life. The self-concept has three components - self-worth, self-image, and ideal-self. Incongruence occurs when experiences are denied, distorting self-image and causing distress, while congruence exists with little gap between real and ideal selves, resulting in well-being.

Uploaded by

Aireen Shelvie Bermudez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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"SELF-CONCEPT BY CARL ROGERS":

What is central to Carl Rogers' personality theory?; Self or self-concept is


central to Carl Rogers' personality theory, defined as "the organized, consistent
set of perceptions and beliefs about oneself."

What influences our self-concept according to Rogers?; Childhood experiences and


evaluation by others are two primary sources influencing our self-concept. Self-
schemas, dynamic factors like past experiences, personality traits, and feedback,
form our self-concept.

How does our self-schema evolve? ; Each factor in our self-schema, like past
experiences and values, is dynamic, changing and improving or regressing as we go
through life, affected by daily experiences and exposure to social media.

Describe the components of the self-concept according to Rogers.; The self-concept


includes three components: self-worth (self-esteem), self-image, and ideal-self.
These influence how we think, feel, and behave, and the closer they are, the higher
our sense of self-worth.

What is incongruence in Rogers' theory?; Incongruence occurs when some of our


experiences are unacceptable and denied or distorted in our self-image. This leads
to a state of distress, anxiety, and low self-esteem.

Explain the concept of congruence in Rogers' theory.; Congruence is when there is a


small gap between the real and ideal self, resulting in satisfaction, self-
actualization, and high self-esteem. Incongruence, on the other hand, leads to
distress and low self-esteem.

What are the two selves according to Rogers?; Rogers proposed two selves: the Ideal
Self and the Real Self. The Ideal Self motivates personal growth, guiding us toward
the best version of ourselves.

How does incongruence relate to Karen Horney's Idealized Self-image?; Incongruence,


where the gap between the real and ideal self is immense, aligns with Karen
Horney's Idealized Self-image, leading to instability in psychological well-being.

What are the three aspects of the neurotic search for glory?; The three aspects are
the neurotic search for glory, neurotic claims, and neurotic pride, as recognized
by Karen Horney. They involve self-idealization, the need for perfection, neurotic
ambition, and vindictive triumph.

How does self-hatred manifest in neurotics?; Self-hatred in neurotics is expressed


through relentless demands on the self, merciless self-accusation, self-contempt,
self-frustration, self-torment, and self-destructive actions and impulses.

What is self-efficacy, and how does it differ from self-worth?; Self-efficacy,


according to Albert Bandura, is the belief in one's own abilities to successfully
meet challenges and complete tasks. It differs from self-worth and encompasses
specific forms like academic or parenting self-efficacy.

How does self-efficacy influence coping behavior?; Perceived self-efficacy


influences coping behavior in stressful situations, determining the effort invested
in reaching goals and the persistence in pursuing them.

What is the locus of control, and how does it relate to self-efficacy?; Locus of
control refers to the belief in where the power to alter life events resides:
within oneself (internal locus of control) or outside (external locus of control).
Self-efficacy and an internal locus of control often go hand-in-hand.

What are the six constructs of Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)?; Reciprocal
Determinism, Behavioral Capability, Observational Learning, Reinforcements,
Expectations, and Self-efficacy are the six constructs of Social Cognitive Theory.

Explain the concepts of multiple versus unified self and true versus false self.;
Adolescents may cope with different selves: multiple or unified and true or false
self. The false self is used to hide and protect the true self, adapting to
societal expectations in different situations.

According to William James, what are the two categories of the self?; William James
divided the self into the I-Self (thinking self) and the Me-Self (empirical), based
on personal experiences. The Me-Self further includes material, social, and
spiritual aspects.

How does introspection contribute to understanding the spiritual self?;


Introspection is necessary to understand the spiritual self, which is the unseen
part of the physical self. Reflecting daily helps in achieving completeness and
satisfaction in life.

Provide examples of the material, social, and spiritual self according to William
James.; Material self includes basic needs like clothes; social self relates to
interactions in different social situations; spiritual self refers to the soul of
the body, accessed through senses and emotions.

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