Health Management

Information Systems
Why health information system?
• Good management is a prerequisite for increasing
the efficiency of health services.
• Improved health information system is clearly
linked to good management.
• Information is crucial at all management levels of
the health services from periphery to the centre. It
is required by policymakers, managers, health care
providers, community health workers.
• “Changing the way information is gathered,
processed, and used for decision-making implies
changing the way an organization operates.”
Definitions
System - Any collection of components that work together to achieve a
common objective.

Health System - All the activities whose primary purpose is to promote,

restore or maintain health.

Information - Meaningful collection of facts or data.

Information System - Systems that provide specific information support to
the decision-making process at each level of an organization.

Health Information System - A set of components and procedures

organized with the objective of generating information which will
improve health care management decisions at all levels of the
health system.
The ultimate objective of health information system is not “to gain
information” but “to improve action”
What is wrong with current health MIS?
• Irrelevance of the information gathered
• Poor quality of data
• Duplication and waste among parallel health information system
• Lack of timely reporting and feedback
• Poor use of information
• The difference in culture between data people and decision makers:
Planning and management staff rely primarily on “gut feeling” to
formulate ad hoc decisions rather seek pertinent data.
Information process

Data collection
Resources
Data transmission
Management
Data processing

Organizational rules
Data analysis

Information for use in

planning and management
Ways to enhance the use of information
in decision-making

• Characteristics of the data

• Characteristics of the problems and the decisions they require
• Organizational or structural characteristics
• Cultural differences between ‘data people’ and ‘action people’
• The communication between the two
Characteristics of the data

• Ownership and relevance

• Validity and reliability
• Aggregation of data
• Customizing information to the users’ needs
• Timeliness of feedback
Sybsystems of Health Information System
WHO proposes to categorize the health information system under five
interrelated “subsystems”:

• Epidemiological Surveillance (notifiable

infectious diseases,
environmental conditions, and risk factors)
• Routine service reporting

• Special programmes reporting systems (tuberculosis and

leprosy control, MCH, school health)
• Administrative systems (health
care financing systems,
health personnel systems, logistic systems)
• Vital registration systems (births, deaths, and migratory
movements)
what is HIS?

❑ HIS. Hospital Information System. One that supports all

hospital functions and activities such as patient records,
scheduling, administration, charge-back and billing, and
often links to or includes clinical information systems
such as RIS. (Radiology Information System )
Hospital Information System

Registration Consulting Ward Nursing

Stores & Purchase

Diet & Kitchen

Pharmacy

And more...

OT Blood Bank Laboratory Radiology

Staff
Clinical laboratory technologist

Structure of Healthcare
Radiological technologist
Physician
professional
the Hospital Pharmacist
Nurse

Community Hospital administrator

Radiological Community

Clinical Laboratory Community

Pharmaceutical Community

Patient care Community

Outpatient Community Inpatient Community

Medical Service
Patient
Administration Community

Reception Community Medical Accounting Community

Development steps of HIS

GMIS
Geographical
Management Information
System
Clinical
Information
CIS System

Management Information
MIS System
The information in hospital
The information of the hospital come from

• Front office
• Doctors consultation room
• Ward
• Laboratory
• The service providers like financial and
insurance service provider
• And so on
This information can be categorized as
Information will be used by the areas

• Patient Administration
• Clinical Management
• Resource Management
• Financial Management
• Management Information System
• And more…
The function of HIS
HIS have the ability to link the following major
players

• Laboratories
• Pharmacies
• Researchers
• Doctors and consultants
• Banks and financial institutions
• Administrators
• And knowledge managers
• the aim of a HIS is
 to adequately enable the execution of information
processing functions
– for patient care, including
administration as well as
– for research and education mainly
for university hospitals -
 considering economic hospital management, as
well as
 legal and other requirements
• therefore HIS contributes to a high quality of
patient care and medical research
• HIS should provide
 information, primarily about patients, in a way that it is
correct, pertinent and up to date, in time, accessible by the
right persons at the right site in a usable format
 knowledge, primarily about diseases, but also, for
example, about the effects of drug interaction, to support
diagnosis and therapy
 information about the quality of patient care, hospital
performance and costs
in other words:
• HIS should provide, as far as feasible,
 the right information and
 the right knowledge
 at the right time
 in the right place
 to the right people
 in the right form
• so that these people can make
 the right decisions
ten application areas will be the necessary part
of the HIS
1. Admissions, Medical Records & Abstracting
(ADM/MRI/ABS)
2. Billing/Account Receivable (BAR)
3. Community Wide Scheduling (CWS)
4. Data Repository (DR)
5. Imaging and Therapeutic Services (ITS)
6. Laboratory, Microbiology, Blood Bank & Anatomical
Pathology (LIS)
7. Order Entry & Electronic Medical Record (OE/EMR)
8. Patient Care System (PCS)
9. Pharmacy (PHA)
10. Remote Physician Access
importance of HIS
• the information system of a hospital is an important
quality factor
• the information system of a hospital is an important
cost factor
• the quality of HIS is becoming increasingly relevant in
the competition between hospitals
• a HIS can provide a holistic view of patients and of a
hospital
• a HIS can be seen as the memory and nervous system
of a hospital
Thank you very much.
Any questions?