WESTERN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Chemistry Grade 9
Semester III
Academic year: 2023-2024 1
Chapter 3

Oxides, Acids, Bases and Salts

2
Section 3.1

Oxides
Session 1
3
Objectives
 After finish this session, students are able to :

❖ define oxides.

❖ classify the types of oxides

❖ describe the chemical properties of

acidic oxides.
4
1. What is an oxide?
 An oxide is a compound that is made of an element and oxygen
atoms.

❖ Example:

a. Na2O Sodium oxide

b. CO2 Carbon dioxide

5
1. What is an oxide?
Practice 1: Give the name of the following oxides:

a. CaO
b. Fe2O3
c. Al2O3
d. CO

6
2. Types of Oxides?
 There are 4 types of oxide:

❖ acidic oxides

❖ basic oxides
❖ amphoteric oxides

❖ neutral oxides

7
2.1 Acidic Oxides
 An acidic oxide is an oxide of nonmetals that reacts with
water to form an acid.

❖ Example:

a. CO2: Carbon dioxide

b. NO2: Nitrogen dioxide

8
2.1 Acidic Oxides
Practice 2: Give the name of the following acidic oxides:

a. SO2
b. SO3
c. P2O5

9
2.1 Acidic Oxides
 There are 2 important chemical reactions of
acidic oxides:
Acidic oxide + H2O  Acid

❖ Example:

a. CO2 + H2O  H2CO3 Carbonic acid

b. SO2 + H2O  H2SO3 Sulfurous acid

10
2.1 Acidic Oxides
Practice 3: Complete, balance and give the name of the
product of the following chemical equations
a. SO3 + H2O 
b. NO2 + H2O + O2 
c. P2O5 + H2O 

11
2.1 Acidic Oxides
 Two acidic oxides are air pollutants that can
make acid rains.
a. 2SO2 + 2H2O + O2  2H2SO4 Sulfuric acid

b. 4NO2 + 4H2O + O2  4HNO3 Nitric acid

12
2.1 Acidic Oxides
 An acidic oxide reacts with a base to form a
salt and water.
Acidic oxide + Base  Salt + H2O

❖ Example:

a. CO2 + 2NaOH  Na2CO3 + H2O

b. SO2 + 2 LiOH  Li2CO3 + H2O

13
2.1 Acidic Oxides
Practice 4: Complete, balance and give the name of the product

of the following chemical equations

a. SO3 + KOH 

b. P2O5 + NaOH 

14
Sum Up!
Acidic Oxides

Amphoteric Oxides Oxides Neutral Oxides

Basic Oxides

Acidic oxide + H2O  Acid

Acidic oxide + Base  Salt + H2O

15
2.2 Basic Oxides
 A basic oxide is an oxide of metat that reacts
with an acid to form a salt and water.

❖ Example:

a. Na2O: Sodium oxide

b. CaO: Calcium oxide

16
2.2 Basic Oxides
Practice 5: Give the name of the following oxides:

a. BaO
b. Li2O
c. MgO
d. Fe2O3

17
2.2 Basic Oxides
 There are two important chemical reactions of
basic oxides:
Basic oxide + Acid  Salt + H2 O

❖ Example:
a. Na2O + 2 HCl  2 NaCl + H 2O

b. CaO + 2HNO3  Ca(NO3)2 + H 2O

c. K2O + H2SO4  K2SO4 + H 2O

18
2.2 Basic Oxides
Practice 6: Complete and balance the following chemical equations

a. Fe2O3 + H2CO3 
b. Li2O + H3PO4 
c. MgO + CH3COOH 

19
2.2 Basic Oxides
 Oxides of some metals (Group I metals, Ca, Mg, and Ba)
react with water to form bases in the normal conditions

Basic oxide + H2O  Base

❖ Example:
a. Na2O + 2 H 2O  NaOH

b. CaO + H 2O  Ca(OH)2
20
2.2 Basic Oxides
Practice 7: Complete and balance the following chemical equations

a. K2O + H2 O 
b. BaO + H2 O 
c. Fe2O3 + H2O 

21
2.3 Amphoteric Oxides
 An amphoteric oxide is an oxide that can react
with both acids and bases to form salts and water.

❖ Example:
a. Al2O3 : Aluminium oxide
b. ZnO: zinc oxide

c. PbO: Lead (II) oxide

22
2.3 Amphoteric oxides
 There are two important chemical reactions of
amphoteric oxides:
Amphoteric oxide + acid  Salt + H2O

❖ Example:
a. Al2O3 + 6 HNO3  2 Al(NO3)3 + 3 H 2O

b. 3 ZnO + 2 H3PO4  Zn3(PO4)2 + 3 H 2O

c. PbO + 2CH3COOH  Pb(CH3COO)2 + H2O

23
2.3 Amphoteric oxides
Practice 8: Complete and balance the following chemical
equations

a. Al2O3 + H2SO4 
b. ZnO + H2CO3 
c. PbO + HCl 

24
2.3 Amphoteric oxides
Amphoteric oxide + base  Salt + H2O

❖ Example:
a. Al2O3 + 2 NaOH  NaAlO2 + H 2O

b. ZnO + 2 KOH  K2ZnO2 + H 2O

c. PbO + Ca(OH)2  CaPbO2 + H 2O

25
2.3 Amphoteric oxides
Practice 9: Complete and balance the following chemical
equations

a. Al2O3 + LiOH 
b. ZnO + NaOH 
c. PbO + KOH 

26
2.4 Neutral Oxides
 A neutral oxide is an oxide that can not
react neither acids nor bases.

❖ Example:

a. H2 O Water

b. CO Carbon monoxide
c. NO Nitric oxide
27
Sum Up!
Basic oxide + Acid  Salt + H2O

Basic oxide + H2O  Base

Amphoteric oxide + acid  Salt + H2O

Amphoteric oxide + base  Salt + H2O

28