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2.1 Hydrostatic Forces On Plane Surface

This document discusses hydrostatic forces on plane surfaces. It defines hydrostatic force and explains how to calculate the force and eccentricity for plane surfaces submerged in fluid. It also provides sample problems to demonstrate calculating force and eccentricity for rectangular surfaces in different orientations under water.

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archweiss06
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27 views

2.1 Hydrostatic Forces On Plane Surface

This document discusses hydrostatic forces on plane surfaces. It defines hydrostatic force and explains how to calculate the force and eccentricity for plane surfaces submerged in fluid. It also provides sample problems to demonstrate calculating force and eccentricity for rectangular surfaces in different orientations under water.

Uploaded by

archweiss06
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HYDRAULICS

TOTAL HYDROSTATIC FORCE ON SURFACES

Prepared By: Engr. Brian Eurolfan


Module Overview and Objective
• To be able to understand the effects of pressure
and forces on plane surfaces.
• Specifically, to be able to:
– Compute the hydrostatic forces on plane and curve
surfaces
– Find the location of the resultant hydrostatic force on a
submerged surface.
– Recognize the difference between center of pressure
and center of gravity, as well as ℎത and 𝑦ത
Introduction
- We know that the pressure in a
fluid gets higher as you go (2/3)D
deeper in the fluid. D
F
(1/3)D
- It is better to measure a force
acting on a plane surface rather
than a pressure of different
points acting on a plane surface
- Thus, we convert pressure
D
acting on a plane surface into a
force but consider that pressure
is not uniform as you go deeper, F
but rather gets higher.
Hydrostatic Force on Plane Surface
Hydrostatic Force on any plane surface of area “A” submerged in a
fluid of specific weight “γ” is equal to the product of the area and the
intensity of pressure at its centroid
F
From P = A ; thus F = PA
Since P = γh

F = γ hഥ A

Iത
e=
A yഥ

Where:
F = total hydrostatic force on plane surface subjected to a liquid (in
KN)
e = eccentricity or distance of the center of pressure (cp) below the
center of gravity (cg) along the body or surface (in m) A = Area of the plane surface where the force is being
hഥ = vertical distance of the center of gravity from the liquid surface acted upon (in m2)
(in m) γ = specific weight of the liquid where the body or surface
yഥ = distance of the center of gravity below the liquid surface along is submerged (in KN/m3)
the body (in m)
Iത = centroidal moment of Inertia of the submerged surface (in m4)
Sample Problem
1. A plane surface of a rectangular body with a height of
2m and width of 1.5m is submerged in water. Determine
the hydrostatic force and eccentricity in the plane
surface if 2m
a) The body is upright and the top is exactly at the
surface
b) The body is upright and the top of the body is 1m 1.5m
below the surface. 1.5 ∗(2)
3

c) The body is inclined 30 degrees from the horizontal e= 12


1.5 ∗ 2 ∗1
and the top of the body is 1m below the surface.
e = 0.333
From the formula earlier
F = γ hഥ A center of pressure from top = 1 + 0.333 = 1.333
F = 9.81 * 1 * (2 * 1.5)
F = 29.43 KN * If the body is in contact with the surface, we can get the
location of the center of pressure just by knowing the centroid
of a triangle.
Iഥ
e= * In a triangle, the centroid is 2/3 from the top
A yഥ

3
e from top = (2) (2/3)
𝑏𝑑
12 e from top = 1.3333
e = b d yഥ
Sample Problem
b) The body is upright and the top of the body is 1m
below the surface. 1m
c) The side of the body is inclined 30 degrees from the
horizontal and the top of the body is 1m below the 30o
surface.

b) F = γ hഥ A
F = 9.81 * 2 * (2 * 1.5) 1m
F = 58.86 KN
2m
Iഥ
e= x hഥ 1.5
A yഥ sin 30o = 1 sin 30o = =
yഥ yഥ

𝑏𝑑
3 1.5m
12 x = 1* sin 30o yഥ = 3m
e = b d yഥ
x = 0.5
hഥ = 1 + 0.5 = 1.5m 1.5 ∗(2)3
1.5 ∗(2)3
12
e= 12 e=
1.5 ∗ 2 ∗3
1.5 ∗ 2 ∗2 F = γ hഥ A
F = 9.81 * 1.5 * (2 * 1.5)
e = 0.167 F = 44.145 KN
e = 0.111
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!!

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