Session No.

1
(i) To accept two numbers and perform basic arithmetic operations (+, - *, /, %)

START
1. PROMPT the user to enter first number
2. READ the first number, a
3. PROMPT the user to enter second number
4. READ the second number, b
5. COMPUTE for the sum, sum = a + b
6. COMPUTE for the product, product = a * b
7. COMPUTE for the difference, diff = a – b
8. COMPUTE for the quotient, quotient = a / b
9. COMPUTE for the remainder, remainder = a % b
10. WRITE the sum, product, difference, quotient and remainder of the two
numbers, sum, product, diff, quotient, remainder
END
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a,b,add,dif,product,quotient;
int rem;
printf("enter two numbers\n");
scanf("%f%f",&a,&b);
add=a+b;
dif=a-b;

product=a*b;
quotient=a/b;
rem=(int)a%(int)b;
printf("sum of two numbers=%f\n",add);
printf("diffrence between two numbers=%f\n",dif);
printf("product of two numbers=%f\n",product);

printf("quotient of two numbers=%f\n",quotient);

printf("the remainder of two numbers=%d",rem);
return 0;
}

(ii) To find the volume of a Sphere using the formula, Volume = 4 / 3 Π r 3

START
1. INITIALIZE Pi, Pi = 3.
2. PROMPT the user to enter the radius of the sphere
3. READ the radius of the sphere, r
4. COMPUTE for the volume of the sphere, V = (4 .0/3) * Pi * r 3
5. WRITE the volume of the sphere, V
END
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
float r;
float V;
const float Pi = 3.14159;
printf("Enter the radius of the sphere: ");
scanf("%f", &r);
V = (4.0/3.0) * Pi * (r * r * r);
printf("\nThe volume of the sphere is %.2f", V);
return 0;
}

(iii) To find the area of a Triangle with 3 sides given using formula, Area = √(s(s-a) (s-b) (s-c)) where a, b and c
are lengths of sides of Triangle, and s = (a+b+c) / 2

Start
Step-1: Input three arms of a triangle in variable a, b and c.
Step-2: Calculate s = (a+b+c)/2.
Step-3: Calculate area = √(s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)).
Step-4: Print value of area.
Stop.
Session No.2

(i) Given the values of the variables x, y and z, write a program to rotate
their values such that x has the value of y, y has the value of z, and z has
the value of x.

Start
Step 1 : Read two numbers X Y and Z;
STEP 2: T = X
STEP 3: X = Y
STEP 4: Y = Z
STEP 5: Z=T;
STEP 6: PRINT X, Y ,Z
End
#include<stdio.h>
int main( )
{
int x,y,z,temp;
printf("enter three numbers\n");
scanf("%d%d%d",&x,&y,&z);
printf("before interchange the value of x=%d\t y=%d\t z=%d\n",x,y,z);
temp=x;
x=y;
y=z;
z=temp;
printf("after interchange the value of x=%d\t y=%d\t z=%d\n",x,y,z);
return 0;
}
(ii) To read floating-pointing number and then displays the right-most digit
of the integral part of the number.

Step 1: Read x where x is float type.

Step 2: Compute y=x where y is integer type.
Step 3: compute y %10 and store the result in z.
Step 4: Display z.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()

{
float x;
int y,z;
printf("enter the floating point number\n");
scanf("%f",&x);
y=(int)x;

z=y%10;
printf("the right most digit of integral part=%d",z);
return 0;
}
(iii) To read floating-pointing number, separate and displays the integral and
decimal part of the given.

Step 1: Read x where x is float type.

Step 2: Compute y=x where y is integer type.
Step 3: compute y %100 and store the result in z.
Step 4: Display z.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
float x,z;
int y;
printf("enter the floating point number\n");
scanf("%f",&x);
y=(int)x;
z=x-y;
printf("the integral part of the number=%d",y);
printf("the decimal part of the number=%f",z);
return 0;
}
(iv) To print the size of various data types in “C” programming language
using “sizeof” operator

START

Step 1: Display the size of integer datatype using sizeof(int) function.

Step 2: Display the size of character datatype using sizeof(char) function.

Step 3: Display the size of float datatype using sizeof(float) function.

Step 4: Display the size of double datatype using sizeof(double) function.

END

include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int a = 16;
printf("Size of variable a : %d\n",sizeof(a));
printf("Size of int data type : %d\n",sizeof(int));
printf("Size of char data type : %d\n",sizeof(char));
printf("Size of float data type : %d\n",sizeof(float));
printf("Size of double data type : %d\n",sizeof(double));
return 0;
}
Session No.3

(i) Using ‘ternary’ operator, check whether a given number is Positive or

Negative.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
float n;

printf("enter the number\n");

scanf("%f",&n);
(n>0)?printf("%f is positive number",n):printf("%f is negative number",n);
return 0;
}

(ii) Using ‘ternary’ operator, to check whether a given Year is a Leap Year or
Not.
#include<stdio.h>

int main()

int year;

printf("enter the year\n");

scanf("%d",&year);

(year % 100 == 0) ?

((year % 400 == 0)?

(printf("%d is leap year\n",year)):

(printf("%d is not leap year\n",year))

):

( (year % 4 == 0)?

(printf("%d is leap year\n",year)):

(printf("%d is not leap year\n",year))

);

return 0;

}
(iii) Using ‘ternary’ operator, find the largest of three numbers.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int year;
int a, b, c, big ;

printf("Enter three numbers : ") ;

scanf("%d %d %d", &a, &b, &c) ;

big = a > b ? (a > c ? a : c) : (b > c ? b : c) ;

printf("\nThe biggest number is : %d", big) ;

return 0;
}

(iv) Using ‘&’ operator, check whether a given number is Odd or Even.
#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
int n;
printf("enter the number\n");
scanf("%d",&n);

(n&1==1)?printf("%d is odd",n):printf("%d is even",n);

return 0;
}
Session No.4

(i) To illustrate the use of increment operator (postfix & prefix).

#include<stdio.h>
int main()

{
int a,b,c;
printf("enter the value of a");
scanf("%d",&a);
b=++a;
printf("the value of a after preincrement is %d\n",a);

printf("the value of b=%d\n",b);

c=a++;
printf("the value of a after postincrement is %d\n",a);
printf("the value of c=%d\n",c);
return 0;

(ii) To illustrate the use of decrement operator (postfix & prefix).

#include<stdio.h>
int main()

{
int a,b,c;
b=--a;
printf("the value of a after predecremet is %d\n",b);
printf("the value of d=%d\n",b);
c=a--;
printf("the value of a after postdecrement is %d\n",c);
printf("the value of e=%d\n",c);
return 0;
}
(iii) To perform the following using bitwise operators:

c=a&b; d=a|b; e = ~a

f = a >> n; g = a << n; h=a^b

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
int a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,n;
printf("enter the value of a and b");
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
c=a&b;

printf("the result of a&b is %d\n",c);

d=a|b;
printf("the result of a|b is %d\n",d);
e=~a;
printf("the result of ~a is %d\n",e);
printf("enter the value of n to move the number of bits to left or right");

scanf("%d",&n);
f=a>>n;
printf("the result of leftshift is %d\n",f);
g=a<<n;
printf("the result of rightshift is %d\n",g);
h=a^b;

printf("the result of xor(a^b) is %d\n",h);

return 0;
}
Session No.5

(i) To determine whether a given number is ‘Odd’ or ‘Even’ and print the
message NUMBER IS EVEN or NUMBER IS ODD with and without using
‘else’ statement.
i. With using else option
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n;
printf("enter the number\n");

scanf("%d",&n);
if(n%2==0)
printf("number is even");
else
printf("number is odd");
return 0;

ii. without using else option

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n;
printf("enter the number\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
if(((n%2==0)&&
printf("number is even"))||

printf("number is odd"));
return 0;
}
(ii) To determine whether a given number is ‘Positive’, ‘Negative’ or ‘ZERO’
and print the message ‘NUMBER IS POSITIVE’, ‘NUMBER IS NEGATIVE’ or
‘NUMBER IS ZERO’ using nested ‘if’ statement.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num;

/* Input number from user */

printf("Enter any number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
if(num > 0)
{
printf("Number is POSITIVE");

}
if(num < 0)
{
printf("Number is NEGATIVE");
}

if(num == 0)
{
printf("Number is ZERO");
}
return 0;
}
(iii) To compute all the roots of a quadratic equation by accepting the non-
zero coefficients. Print appropriate messages

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
int a,b,c,d;

double root1,root2;
printf("enter the valule of a b and c\n");
scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
d=b*b-4*a*c;
if (d < 0)
{
printf("First root = %.2lf + i%.2lf\n", -b/(double)(2*a), sqrt(-d)/(2*a));
printf("Second root = %.2lf - i%.2lf\n", -b/(double)(2*a), sqrt(-d)/(2*a));
}
else
{
root1 = (-b+sqrt(d))/(2*a);
root2 = (-b-sqrt(d))/(2*a);
printf("First root = %.2lf\n", root1);
printf("Second root = %.2lf\n", root2);
}
return 0;
}
Session No.6

(i) To generate an electricity bill by accepting meter number of the

consumer, number of units consumed and print out the detail charges
for the below scenario:
An electricity board charges the following rates for the use of
electricity:
• for the first 200 units 80 paise per unit
• for the next 100 units 90 paise per unit
• beyond 300 units Rs 1 per unit

All users are charged a minimum of Rs. 100 as meter charge. If the total
amount is more than Rs. 400, then an additional surcharge of 15% of total
amount is charged.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{
int custid, conu;
float chg, surchg=0, gramt,netamt;
char connm[25];

printf("Input Customer ID :");

scanf("%d",&custid);
printf("Input the name of the customer :");
scanf("%s",connm);
printf("Input the unit consumed by the customer : ");
scanf("%d",&conu);
if (conu <200 )

chg = 0.80;
else if (conu>=200 && conu<300)
chg = 0.90;
else
chg = 1.00;
gramt = conu*chg;

if (gramt>400)
surchg = gramt*15/100.0;
netamt = gramt+surchg;
if (netamt < 100)
netamt =100;
printf("\nElectricity Bill\n");
printf("Customer IDNO :%d\n",custid);
printf("Customer Name :%s\n",connm);
printf("unit Consumed :%d\n",conu);
printf("Amount Charges @Rs. %4.2f per unit :%8.2f\n",chg,gramt);

printf("Surchage Amount :%8.2f\n",surchg);

printf("Net Amount Paid By the Customer :%8.2f\n",netamt);
return 0;
}

(ii) A Telecommunication department charges the following tariffs for the

use of Telephone-Line:
• For the first 100 units 95 paise per unit
• For the next 75 units Rs. 1.50 per unit
• Beyond 175 units Rs 2.85 per unit.

All users are charged a minimum of Rs. 75 as service charge. If the total
amount is more than Rs 500, then an additional surcharge of 12.5% of
total amount is charged. Write a program to read the name of the user,
number of units consumed and print out the charges

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()

{
int custid, conu;
float chg, surchg=0, gramt,netamt;
char connm[25];

printf("Input Customer ID :");

scanf("%d",&custid);
printf("Input the name of the customer :");
scanf("%s",connm);
printf("Input the unit consumed by the customer : ");
scanf("%d",&conu);
if (conu <100 )
chg = 0.95;
else if (conu>=101 && conu<175)
chg = 1.50;
else
chg = 2.85;

gramt = conu*chg;
if (gramt>500)
surchg = gramt*12.5/100.0;
netamt = gramt+surchg;
if (netamt < 100)
netamt =75;

printf("\nTelecommunication Bill\n");
printf("Customer IDNO :%d\n",custid);
printf("Customer Name :%s\n",connm);
printf("unit Consumed :%d\n",conu);
printf("Amount Charges @Rs. %4.2f per unit :%8.2f\n",chg,gramt);
printf("Surchage Amount :%8.2f\n",surchg);

printf("Net Amount Paid By the Customer :%8.2f\n",netamt);

return 0;
}
Session No.7

(i) To input month number and display its respective month in word.
#include <stdio.h>
void main()

{
int monno;
printf("Input Month No : ");
scanf("%d",&monno);
switch(monno)
{

case 1:
printf("January\n");
break;
case 2:
printf("February\n");

break;
case 3:
printf("March\n");
break;
case 4:
printf("April\n");
break;
case 5:
printf("May\n");
break;
case 6:
printf("June\n");

break;
case 7:
printf("July\n");
break;
case 8:
printf("August\n");

break;
case 9:
printf("September\n");
break;
case 10:
printf("October\n");
break;
case 11:
printf("November\n");
break;

case 12:
printf("December\n");
break;
default:
printf("invalid Month number. \nPlease try again ....\n");
break;

}
}

(ii) To simulates a simple calculator to perform the basic arithmetic

operations (Consider the operators +, -, x, / and % using ‘switch’
statement)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num1,num2,opt;
printf("Enter the first Integer:\n");
scanf("%d",&num1);
printf("Enter the second Integer:\n");
scanf("%d",&num2);
printf("\n\n\n\nEnter the your option:\n");
printf("1-Addition.\n2-Substraction.\n3-Multiplication.\n4-Division.\n5-Exit.\n");
scanf("%d",&opt);
switch(opt)
{
case 1:printf("\nAddition of %d and %d is: %d",num1,num2,num1+num2);

break;
case 2:printf("\nSubstraction of %d and %d is: %d",num1,num2,num1-num2);
break;
case3:printf("\nMultiplication of %d and %d is: %d",num1,num2,num1*num2);
break;
case 4:
if(num2==0)
{
printf("OOps Devide by zero\n");
}

else
{
printf("\n Division of %d and %d is: %d",num1,num2,num1/num2);
}
break;
case 5: return 0;

break;
default:printf("\n Enter correct option\n");
break;
}
}

(iii) To check whether a given alphebet is vowel or consonant using ‘switch’

statement

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
char ch;

printf("Enter a character: ");

scanf("%c",&ch);

//condition to check character is alphabet or not

if((ch>='A' && ch<='Z') || (ch>='a' && ch<='z'))
{
//check for VOWEL or CONSONANT
switch(ch)
{
case 'A':
case 'E':
case 'I':
case 'O':
case 'U':
case 'a':

case 'e':
case 'i':
case 'o':
case 'u':
printf("%c is a VOWEL.\n",ch);
break;

default:
printf("%c is a CONSONANT.\n",ch);
}
}
else
{

printf("%c is not an alphabet.\n",ch);

}

return 0;
}
Session No.8

(i) To sum Natural, Odd and Even numbers up to ‘N’.

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int n,sum=0,even_sum=0,odd_sum=0;
printf("enter the number\n");

scanf("%d",&n);
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
sum=sum+i;
if(i%2==0)
even_sum=even_sum+i;
else
odd_sum=odd_sum+i;
}
printf("the sum of all natural numbers upto %d is %d\n",n,sum);
printf("the sum of all even numbers upto %d is %d\n",n,even_sum);
printf("the sum of all odd_numbers upto %d is %d\n",n,odd_sum);
return 0;
}

(ii) To generate and print the first ‘N’ Fibonacci numbers such that Fn = F(n-
1) + F(n-2) where n>2. A Fibonacci sequence is defined as “the first and
second terms in the sequence are 0 and 1. Subsequent terms are found
by adding the preceding two terms in the sequence”.

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int n,first,second,third,term;
printf("enter the limit\n");

scanf("%d",&n);
first=0;
second=1;
printf("the fibonacci series are\n");
printf("%d\t%d\t",first,second);
third=first+second;
term=2;
while(term<n)
{
printf("%d\t",third);

first=second;
second=third;
third=first+second;
term++;
}
return 0;

(iii) To find the sum of individual digits of a positive integer number reducing
into single digit.
#include<stdio.h>
Int main()
{
int n,sum,rem;
printf("enter the number\n");
scanf("%d",&n);

while((n/10)!=0)
{
sum=0;

while(n!=0)
{
rem=n%10;
sum=sum+rem;
n=n/10;
}
n=sum;
}
printf("the sum of digits=%d",sum);
return 0;
}

(iv) To reverse a given four-digit integer number and check whether it is a

palindrome or not. Output the given number with suitable message

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n,rem,revno,orno;
printf("enter the number\n");

scanf("%d",&n);
orno=n;
revno=0;
while(n!=0)
{
rem=n%10;

revno=(revno*10)+rem;
n=n/10;
}
if(orno==revno)
printf("%d is a palindrome number",orno);
else
printf("%d is not a palindrome number",orno);
return 0;
}
Session No.9

(i) To determine whether a given number is Prime or not.

#include<stdio.h>
Int main()

{
int n,count=2,flag=1;
printf("enter the number\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
while(count<n)
{

if(n%count==0)
{
flag=0;
break;
}

count++;
}
if(flag==1)
printf("%d is prime number",n);
else
printf("%d is not a prime number",n);
return 0;
}

(ii) To generate and print all the prime numbers between range N1 and N2,
where ‘N1’ and ‘N2’ are value supplied by the user.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n1,n2,i,flag;
printf("Enter start value:");
scanf("%d",&n1);

printf("Enter end value : ");

scanf("%d",&n2);
printf("Prime Numbers between %d and %d :", n2,n1);
while (n1<n2)
{
flag=0;
for(i=2; i<=n1/2; ++i)
{
if(n1%i==0)
{
flag=1;
break;

}
}
if(flag==0)
printf("%d\t",n1);
++n1;
}

return 0;
}

(iii) To find the value of cos(x) using the series, 1 - x2/2! + x4/4! - x6/6! +
x8/8! - ... up to N terms accuracy (With and without using in-built
function)
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i, j, n, fact, sign = - 1;
float x, p, sum = 0;
printf("Enter the value of x : ");
scanf("%f", &x);
printf("Enter the value of n : ");
scanf("%d", &n);
for (i = 2; i <= n; i += 2)
{
p = 1;
fact = 1;
for (j = 1; j <= i; j++)

{
p = p * x;
fact = fact * j;
}
sum += sign * p / fact;
sign = - 1 * sign;
}
printf("cos %0.2f = %f", x, 1+sum);
return 0;
}

(iv) To find the value of sin(x) using the series, x - x 3 /3! + x 5 /5! - x 7 /7! +
x9 /9! - ... up to N terms accuracy (With and without using in-built
function)
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i, j, n, fact, sign = - 1;
float x, p, sum = 0;
printf("Enter the value of x : ");
scanf("%f", &x);
printf("Enter the value of n : ");
scanf("%d", &n);
for (i = 1; i <= n; i += 2)
{
p = 1;
fact = 1;
for (j = 1; j <= i; j++)
{
p = p * x;
fact = fact * j;
}
sign = - 1 * sign;
sum += sign * p / fact;
}
printf("sin %0.2f = %f", x, sum);
return 0;
}
Session No.10

(i) To input N Real Numbers and to find mean, variance and standard
deviation using appropriate formula.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#define MAXSIZE 10
Int main()

{
float x[MAXSIZE];
int i, n;
float average, variance, std_deviation, sum = 0, sum1 = 0;

printf("Enter the value of N \n");

scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enter %d real numbers \n", n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
scanf("%f", &x[i]);

}
/* Compute the sum of all elements */
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
sum = sum + x[i];
}
average = sum / (float)n;
/* Compute variance and standard deviation */
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
sum1 = sum1 + pow((x[i] - average), 2);
}
variance = sum1 / (float)n;
std_deviation = sqrt(variance);

printf("Average of all elements = %.2f\n", average);

printf("variance of all elements = %.2f\n", variance);
printf("Standard deviation = %.2f\n", std_deviation);
return 0;
}
(ii) To input N integer numbers into a single dimension array, sort them in to
ascending order using “BUBBLE SORT” technique, and then to print both
the given array and the sorted array with suitable headings.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[10],n,i,j,temp;

printf(“enter the number of elements”);

scanf(“%d”,&n);
printf(“enter the elments”);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf(“%d”,&a[i]);

}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n-i-1;j++)
{

if(a[j]>a[j+1])
{
temp=a[j];
a[j]=a[j+1];
a[j+1]=temp;
}

}
printf(“the sorted elments are”);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf(“%d\t”,a[i]);
return 0;
}
(iii) To input N integer numbers in into a single dimension array, and then to
perform “LINEAR SEARCH” for a given Key integer number and report
success or failure in the form of a suitable message
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n,i,a[10],key;

printf(“enter the number of elements”);

scanf(“%d”,&n);
printf(“enter the elements”);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf(“%d”,&a[i]);

}
printf(“enter the key elment to search”);
scanf(“%d”,&key);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{

if(a[i]==key)
{
printf(“the %d found at the position %d”,key,i+1);
}
}
if(i>n)

printf(“key element not found”);

return 0;
}
Session No.11

(i) To input N integer numbers in ascending order into a single dimension

array, and then to perform “BINARY SEARCH” for a given Key integer
number and report success or failure in the form of a suitable message.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n,a[10],key,beg,end,mid;
printf(“enter the number of elements”);
scanf(“%d”,&n);

printf(“enter the elements”);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf(“%d”,&a[i]);
printf(“enter the key element to search”);
scanf(“%d”,&key);
beg=0;

end=n-1;
while(beg<=end)
{
mid=(beg+end)/2;
if(key==a[mid])
{
printf(“%d found at the position %d”,key,mid+1);
break;
}
else if(key>a[mid])
beg=mid+1;

else
end=mid-1;
}
if(beg>end)
printf(“%d is not found”,key);
return 0;

}
(ii) To perform addition and subtraction of two matrices after checking their
compatibility and print both input & output matrices with suitable
headings. Use userdefined functions to read and print the matrices.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

// function to add two 3x3 matrix

void add(int m[3][3], int n[3][3], int sum[3][3])

{
for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
for(int j=0;j<3;j++)
sum[i][j] = m[i][j] + n[i][j];
}

// function to subtract two 3x3 matrix

void subtract(int m[3][3], int n[3][3], int result[3][3])
{
for(int i=0;i<3;i++)

for(int j=0;j<3;j++)
result[i][j] = m[i][j] - n[i][j];
}

// function to display 3x3 matrix

void display(int matrix[3][3])

{
for(int i=0; i<3; i++)
{
for(int j=0; j<3; j++)
printf("%d\t",matrix[i][j]);

printf("\n"); // new line

}
}

// main function
int main()
{
// matrix
int a[][3] = { {5,6,7}, {8,9,10}, {3,1,2} };
int b[][3] = { {1,2,3}, {4,5,6}, {7,8,9} };
int c[3][3];

// print both matrix

printf("First Matrix:\n");

display(a);
printf("Second Matrix:\n");
display(b);

// variable to take choice

int choice;

// menu-driven
do
{
// menu to choose the operation
printf("\nChoose the matrix operation,\n");

printf("----------------------------\n");
printf("1. Addition\n");
printf("2. Subtraction\n");
printf("3. Exit\n");
printf("----------------------------\n");
printf("Enter your choice: ");
scanf("%d", &choice);

switch (choice) {
case 1:
add(a, b, c);
printf("Sum of matrix: \n");
display(c);
break;
case 2:
subtract(a, b, c);
printf("Subtraction of matrix: \n");
display(c);
break;
case 3:
printf("Thank You.\n");
exit(0);
default:

printf("Invalid input.\n");
printf("Please enter the correct input.\n");
}
}while(1);

return 0;

}
Session No.12

(i)To read a matrix A (M x N), find the TRANSPOSE of the given matrix and output
both the input matrix and the transposed matrix. Use user-defined functions to
find the TRANSPOSE.
#include <stdio.h>

void transpose(int p[3][3], int t[3][3]);

int main() {

int i, j;

int p[3][3], t[3][3];

printf("Enter matrix P\n");

for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

for (j = 0; j < 3; j++) {

printf("Enter the elements of matrix P [%d,%d]: ", i, j);

scanf("%d", & p[i][j]);

transpose(p, t);

printf("Transpose of matrix P is:\n\n");

for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

for (j = 0; j < 3; j++) {

printf("%d ", t[i][j]);

printf("\n");

void transpose(int p[3][3], int t[3][3]) {

int row, col;

for (row = 0; row < 3; row++) {

for (col = 0; col < 3; col++) {

t[row][col] = p[col][row];

}
(ii) To find the TRACE and NORM of a given matrix A (M x N) by checking the
compatibility and print both input & output matrices with suitable headings. Use
user-defined functions to find their TRACE and NORM.

// C program to find trace

// and normal of given matrix
#include <math.h>

#include <stdio.h>

// Returns Normal of a matrix

// of size n x n
int findNormal(int mat[][3],
int n)

{
int sum = 0;

// Run nested loop to access

// elements of matrix

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)

for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
sum += mat[i][j] * mat[i][j];
return sqrt(sum);
}

// Returns trace of a matrix of

// size n x n
int findTrace(int mat[][3], int n)
{
int sum = 0;

// Run a loop to access diagonal

// elements of matrix
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
sum += mat[i][i];
return sum;
}

// Driven code
int main()
{
int mat[3][3] = {{1, 2, 3},
{4, 5, 6},
{7, 8, 9}};
printf("Normal of Matrix = %d",

findNormal(mat, 3));
printf("\nTrace of Matrix = %d",
findTrace(mat, 3));
return 0;
}