LAGUNA UNIVERSITY

Laguna Sports Complex, Bubukal,

Santa Cruz, Laguna
College of Education

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN FOR GRADE 8 IN ENGLISH

PREPARED BY:

ERINN TEREXIA GRACE S. SANJORJO

I. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES (MELCS)
• Analysis of literature as mirror to a shared heritage of people with diverse
background
II. CONTENT STANDARDS

• The learner demonstrates understanding of: Southeast Asian literature as mirror

to a shared heritage.

III. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

• The learner transfers learning by creating an output that will show their
appreciation to the literature as a mirror to a shared heritage of people.

IV. LEARNING COMPETENCIES

• EN8LT-IIIe-10 Appreciate literature as a mirror to a shared heritage

V. LEARNING OBJECTIVES

• At the end of the lesson, the students are able to:

a. Define Literature and its elements

b. Identify the elements of the story “Ramayana”
c. Analyze the culture reflected in the story “Ramayana” with other cultures;
and
d. Create an output appreciating literature as a reflection to a shared heritage of
people.
VI. SUBJECT MATTER

a. Topic: Analysis of literature as mirror to a shared heritage of people with

diverse background.

b. Skills: Comprehension and Creativity

c. References: English 8 Quarter 3 – Module 4: Analyzing Literature as a Mirror

to a Shared Heritage.

d. Instructional Materials: Laptop, Television, Power point and Video

Presentation, Visual Aids.

e. Values Integration: Importance of literature as mirror to a shared heritage of

people with diverse background.

VII. PROCEDURES

A. Preliminary Activities

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

1. Prayer

Good morning! May I request everyone

to stand.

Let us start our class with a prayer.

Ms. Halaena, kindly lead the prayer. “Angel of God my Guardian dear to whom
God’s love commits me here …”

You may now take your seat

2. Greetings

Good morning, class! Good morning, Teacher!

How are you feeling today? Feeling great, Teacher!

That’s good to hear. I hope that you’re

ready for our discussion later.

3. Checking of Attendance

Ms. Jhonna, how many are present Everyone is present today, Ma’am.
today?

Alright, that’s good to hear.

4. Review/Drill

Before we proceed to our discussion, let

us have a short recap about the topic we
tackled last meeting.

We discussed about Literature. Can

someone give his/her definition of
Literature? Literature is a body of written works.

Very good!

5. Motivation/ Priming Activity

Before we begin, I invite you to mentally

prepare yourself as we embark on a
journey to explore your own emotions.

“Emo-Show-Nary”

I have here 4 sets of puzzle pictures.

This represents the 4 groups. We have
sadness, anger, fear, and joy.
To reveal the image, you have to
connect all of the edge pieces together
in line.
(Students will participate on the Priming
After you finish the task, each group will Activity)
be given an envelope that we will be
using for our next activity.

B. Developmental Activities

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

1. “Pics & Match”

I have here a character named Sita.

It looks like Sita is trapped and captured

by a demon. Would you like to help Sita Yes!
escape?

Okay, let us help Sita by choosing the

appropriate image, matching the definition
inside the envelope.

Refers to written works. It includes

various forms of writing, such as novels,
poems, plays, and essays, that express Literature
ideas, emotions, and stories, often with
imaginative and creative qualities. (Fear)

It allows people to see a clear reflection of

themselves or objects placed in front of it.
(Fear) Mirror

It refers to giving a portion of something to

others or to use, enjoy, or possess
something jointly with others. (Anger) Shares

It encompasses tangible items, like

monuments, artifacts, and historical
buildings, as well as intangible elements,
such as folklore, language, and practices. Heritage
(Anger)
Considered as members of a community, People
society, or population. (Sadness)

Refers to a range of different things or

people, showing variety and distinct Diverse
characteristics. (Sadness)

A person's history, including their

education, experiences, and cultural Background
heritage, which shapes their identity and
perspective. (Joy)

It refers to the shared beliefs, customs, Culture

arts, behaviors, and social norms of a
particular group of people. (Joy)

Very good! Thank you for helping Sita

escape from being captured.

2. Analysis

Did you enjoy our activity? Yes!

What have you noticed on our activity? The words we had on our activity, reflects
on possible topic that can be discussed in a
specific literature. A literature can explore
history and culture of specific group of
Okay, good point. people.

Later, we will stress the value of literature

as mirror to a shared heritage of people
with diverse background.

3. Abstraction

So now are you ready to learn more about

the topic?

Okay, that’s good to hear. Yes, ma’am.

Did you know that literature is not just a

written work, or made just for
entertainment?

Literature can also influence how we see

and understand the past.

It explores themes of identity, including

race, ethnicity, nationality, gender, and
sexuality.

By portraying characters grappling with

questions of identity, literature mirrors the
diverse ways in which individuals navigate
their cultural backgrounds and heritage.

Now, I prepared a story about one of

India’s epic literature entitled “
Ramayana” by Maharshi Valmiki.

I want all of you to jot down important

details, and identify the elements in the
story.

Can you enumerate what are the Setting, Plot, Character, Conflict, Point of
elements of the story, Ms. Sarah? View, and theme.

What is setting, Jhonna? The setting in a story is the time and place
where the story happens.

How about plot? The plot in a story is the sequence of

events.
Very good!

Character is a person, animal, or entity

that takes part in the events of the
narrative. Characters are essential to a
story because they drive the plot and
engage the reader's emotions.

What about conflict? Conflict in a story is the struggle between

opposing forces that drives the plot and
creates tension and interest.

That’s good!

Lastly, we have Point of view. A Point of

view (POV) in a story refers to the
perspective from which the narrative is
told.

These elements can help us connect with

the story on a deeper level.

Let us now watch the story Ramayana.

(Students actively watching the story)

Have you enjoyed watching the story

Ramayana? Yes ma’am!

Who are the characters in the story? The protagonist in the story is Rama, while
the antagonist is Ravana.
Okay! Very good!
The story happened in the City of Ayodhya
Where did the story happened?

That’s good! Now, I want you to identify

the sequence of the story using these
sentences.

Rama, the prince of Ayodyha was

vanished in the City for 14 years with her Exposition
wife Sita and his brother Lakshman.

Shurpanakha tried to seduce Rama, and

Lakshmana wounded her and drove her
away. Ravana, Shurpanakha’s brother Rising action
devised a plan to abduct Sita. Ravana
grabbed Sita and carried her off to his
kingdom in Lanka.

Hanuman, Rama’s strongest ally found

Sita, imprisoned in one of Ravan’s
beautiful garden. A mighty battle took Climax
place. Rama killed several of Ravana's
ally.

Ram shot Ravan in the navel and killed Falling action

him instantly. Ram and his love Sita were
finally reunited.

Upon completion of their 14 years in exile, Resolution

Ram, Sita and Lakshman returned home
to find the entire city waiting for them.
Rama fought against Ravana who abducted
Having the plot of the story Ramayana, Sita.
can you identify the conflict of the story?

Good! This conflict is an example of Man

vs Man.

The story is a third person point of view

because the narrator uses personal
pronouns like "he," "she," and "they" to
refer to the characters in the story.

“Ravana devised a plan to abduct Sita.

He sent a magical golden deer which Sita
desired Rama to hunt. A long time had
passed, but Rama didn’t return. Thus,
Lakshmana went off to find his brother.”
In Ramayana, the theme is about showing
Lastly, what do you think is the theme of love and doing one’s duties and
the story that we watched? responsibilities.
Okay! That is right.
It teaches the importance of compassion
What are the human values found in the and forgiveness towards others.
story, based on the characters?
It shows through the actions portraying
How does a story show the traditions and loyalty, respect, and love.
values of different cultures?

Wow, that was impressive.

We can learn about characters in the
How does the places where the story Ramayana based on where they live. For
happens, from forests to cities, help us example people who live in forest are more
see what life was like for different groups brave and skilled in nature.
of people?
The story shares its values, beliefs, and
How do authors use stories to keep their moral lesson with future generation.
culture alive?
It help us by being aware of their customs,
How can reading literature about other religious practices, and social values
culture help us understand them better?
Stories like the Ramayana can change how
Can literature change how we think about we think about different cultures by showing
different cultures? How? us their depth and beauty, and by
highlighting universal themes that resonate
with everyone, such as love, courage, and
justice.

Fantastic!
Yes, through its characters, events, and
Were you able to see the culture of India themes, the epic reflects the societal norms,
through this literary piece? spiritual beliefs, and moral principles that
have shaped Indian civilization for centuries.

The story emphasizes duty to family and

society, as seen in Rama's commitment to
How will you relate their culture, beliefs, his father’s promise and his role as a king.
and values to other cultures? In Filipino culture Filipinos also place a high
value on family loyalty and duty. The
concept of “utang na loob” (debt of
gratitude) signifies the importance of familial
obligations and reciprocating support.

Yes, because this kind of literary piece

Do you think reading a literary piece like expose how different culture contrast to
the story of Ramayana will help us another culture in a positive way.
appreciate and put importance on their
culture, as well as to our culture?

Okay, very well said!

Literature preserves our inherited culture

and values, allowing us to understand
them without traveling to different places.
No, because what may be considered
Does having different cultures mean that acceptable or valuable in one culture may
one culture's practices are good while the differ from what is valued in another culture.
practices of another culture are bad?

Very good!

Exposure to diverse backgrounds teaches

us to empathize with others' experiences
and understand that people may have
different perspectives shaped by their
cultural heritage.
None, Teacher.
Do you have any questions or clarification
about our topic?

“Ramayana”
Again, what is the title of the story we
watch?
Through its portrayal of diverse characters,
How does this literature contribute to your settings, and themes, the epic reflects the
understanding of different cultures? cultural diversity and shared heritage of
people from various backgrounds.

That was impressive!

It seems like you really gained something

from our discussion.

4. Application

Now, to see if you really understand what

we have discussed, the 4 groups we had
earlier will create and present different
outputs that demonstrate an appreciation
of literature as a reflection of shared
heritage.

Group 1 Cultural Comparison.The group

will create a visual presentation showing
the similarities and differences between
the culture portrayed in the story and
Filipino culture.

Group 2 Creative Storytelling. SCORING RUBRIC:

The group will create ideas for a modern
story that incorporates themes from the Content (5 points)
Ramayana such as loyalty, sacrifice, and Visual Representation (5 points)
duty but set in contemporary Filipino Creativity (5 points)
society. Relevance (5 points)

Group 3 Story re-enactment.

The group will select a scene from the
Ramayana that highlights a key cultural
value or tradition and adapt the scene to a
Filipino context, changing the setting and
characters to reflect Filipino culture while
maintaining the core message.

Group 4 Write a brief description of

chosen character, highlighting their main
beliefs and values. Draw parallels
between their character’s beliefs and
similar beliefs in Filipino culture.

VIII. Evaluation

A. Instruction: Choose the correct answer.

1. How does the character of Rama in the Ramayana reflect the cultural values of
ancient India?

a. Through his desire for wealth

b. By demonstrating duty, honor, and righteousness
c. By seeking revenge
d. Through his lack of respect

2. What common value between the Ramayana and Filipino culture is reflected through
the character of Hanuman?

a. Selfishness
b. Disobediencde
c. Loyalty and Devotion
d. Righteous

3. In what way does the Ramayana emphasize the importance of respect for elders?

a. By showing characters who ignore their elders

b. By highlighting Rama’s obedience to his father
c. Through Sita’s rebellion against her parents
d. By depicting elders as irrelevant to the story

4. Which value is highlighted by Sita’s actions and choices in the Ramayana?

a. Greed
b. Loyalty and Purity
c. Laziness
d. Deception
5. How does the theme of exile and return in the Ramayana relate to Filipino
experience of migration?

a. Both reflect the idea of leaving home for personal growth and returning to fulfill
one’s duty
b. Both involve characters who never return home
c. Both emphasize forgetting one's homeland
d. Both discourage connections with one's roots

B. Read the story of the Aged Mother. Write an essay that analyze the theme of respect
for elders that is visible in the aged mother

IX. Assignment

Research stories from local books or online sources, illustrate a scene that shows the cultural
heritage of your area. Write a short description of your drawing.

X. ATTACHMENTS (rubrics, activity sheet, etc.)

Criteria 5 4 3 Score

Clarity of the The The The

illustration illustration illustration illustration
and the presents a presents a presents a
message very clear clear fair
conveyed in message message message
the picture reflecting reflecting reflecting
cultural cultural cultural
heritage of heritage of heritage of
your locality. your your
locality. locality.
Visual The The The
attractivenes illustration is illustration illustration
s and the demonstrating is neat. It is neat. It
neatness and a creative and displays displays
creativity of harmonious creative less
the visuals use of lines and creative
and artistic harmonious and less
styles. application harmonious
of lines and application
styles. of lines and
styles.