International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Topics 166

Volume 5, Issue 5, May 2024

https://www.ijramt.com | ISSN (Online): 2582-7839

Arduino Based Robot for Elderly Assistance

Sauraj Pandey1*, Vikas Kumar2, Saurav Raj3, Saurabh Narwariya4
1,2,3,4
B.Tech. Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, LNCT, Bhopal, India

Abstract: This paper presents implementation of Arduino based introducing a smart and interactive robotic companion.
robot for elderly assistance.

Keywords: Arduino-based robot, Helping hand, Elderly

assistance robot.

1. Introduction
As our global population ages, there is an increasing need for
innovative solutions that enhance the quality of life for elderly
individuals. The "Android controlled Arduino-based robot for
elderly assistance" project is a pioneering initiative that
leverages the power of robotics and smartphone technology to
provide personalized care and companionship to the elderly.
This project revolves around the integration of two key
technologies: Arduino, a versatile open-source microcontroller
platform, and Android, the widely used mobile operating
system. By combining these technologies, we aim to create a
sophisticated robotic companion that can be easily controlled
and monitored through a user-friendly Android application. Fig. 1. Circuit diagram

2. Key Features
A. Arduino Intelligence
At the heart of the robot lies an Arduino microcontroller,
serving as the central processing unit for the entire system. This
allows for seamless integration with a variety of sensors,
actuators, and control mechanisms.
B. Mobile Control and Monitoring
The user interacts with the robot using a dedicated Android
application. This app provides a simple and intuitive interface
for controlling the robot's movements, activating specific
functions, and receiving real-time updates on the robot's
activities.
C. Elderly Assistance Functions
Fig. 2. Node MCU pin diagram
Tailored to the unique needs of the elderly, the robot can
perform a variety of assistance functions. This includes 3. Components Description
medication reminders, fetching items, and even engaging in
conversation to alleviate loneliness. • Node MCU
• L293D
D. Safety Protocols • DC motors
The design prioritizes the safety of the elderly person. • Robotic chassis
Emergency stop features, fall detection sensors, and other • Robot wheels
safety protocols are integrated to mitigate potential risks. In • Batteries
essence, the "Android-controlled Arduino-based robot for • Jumper wires
elderly assistance" project aims to revolutionize elderly care by

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Pandey et al. International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Topics, VOL. 5, NO. 5, MAY 2024 167

• Bread board wellbeing of the elderly user. Guided by sensor inputs, the
• USB cable robot's movement is orchestrated to navigate its environment
intelligently. For instance, it might move forward until an
4. Working obstacle is detected, prompting it to alter its course and navigate
Constructed using thermocol sheets and chart paper, around the obstruction. The code governing movement is finely
resulting in a lightweight and cost-effective body. The robot tuned to balance efficiency with safety, allowing the robot to
incorporates a solar panel and smart charging station, ensuring move seamlessly in various settings. The robot establishes
continuous operation and reducing the need for manual communication with users or caregivers through diverse
charging. To enhance its functionality, a mobile phone is channels. This could involve voice commands, where the robot
utilized as an IP camera, allowing caregivers or family recognizes and responds to spoken instructions. Text messages
members to remotely monitor the well-being of the elderly or alerts may be transmitted to caregivers, notifying them of
person. Amazon Alexa integration enables control over home specific events or emergencies. Remote control features enable
appliances and provides entertainment options for the user. In caregivers to navigate the robot, providing a means for them to
future iterations of the Helping Hand, Upflash envisions oversee and assist the elderly individual from a distance.
incorporating 3D-printed parts to enhance durability and The robot's programming encompasses a spectrum of
customization. Also, the inclusion of a cooling/heating system assistance tasks tailored to the needs of the elderly user. This
for water bottles aims to provide comfort and promote might include fetching items, reminding the user to take
hydration. The Helping Hand V1 project is a testament to the medication, or offering support in emergencies. The robot's
power of technology in improving the lives of the elderly. By capabilities are designed to enhance the user's independence
combining AI, machine learning, and innovative hardware, and address common challenges faced by the elderly
Upflash has created a smart robot that helps, convenience, and population. To ensure the safety of both the elderly user and the
entertainment, promoting independence and well-being. An robot itself, the code includes robust safety features. Emergency
Arduino-based robot designed for elderly assistance is a stop mechanisms may be implemented, enabling an immediate
technological solution that integrates hardware components and halt in case of unforeseen circumstances. The programming
software programming to enhance the well-being and also considers risk mitigation strategies, minimizing the
independence of the elderly. This robot is equipped with potential for accidents or unintended actions. Depending on the
various sensors and actuators, allowing it to navigate its design, the robot may feature a user interface for interaction.
environment, detect potential hazards, and perform tasks to This could be in the form of physical buttons, a touchscreen
assist elderly individuals in their daily lives. display, or voice recognition.
The core of the robot is an Arduino microcontroller, such as The user interface serves as a means for the elderly user to
the Arduino Uno or Mega, serving as the central processing communicate with the robot, providing input and receiving
unit. Sensors play a crucial role, including ultrasonic sensors for feedback. In more sophisticated implementations, the robot
obstacle detection, infrared sensors for object identification, may log data for subsequent analysis. This data can offer
and environmental sensors for monitoring factors like insights into the user's daily routines, activity patterns, and
temperature and humidity. Actuators, such as motors and health metrics. Analysing this information can contribute to
servos, enable the robot to move and interact with its refining the robot's performance over time and tailoring its
surroundings. Additionally, communication modules like assistance to better suit the user's needs Developers of Arduino-
Bluetooth or Wi-Fi facilitate connectivity for remote control based robots for elderly assistance must address ethical
and data transmission. A reliable power supply, often in the considerations and privacy concerns. Implementing robust
form of batteries, ensures the robot's autonomy. The robot security measures to protect user data and ensuring transparent
incorporates a range of sensors tailored to elderly assistance. communication about data usage are critical aspects.
Fall detection sensors, like accelerometers or tilt sensors, can Respecting the autonomy and dignity of the elderly user is
identify sudden movements indicative of a fall. Obstacle paramount, and the design should prioritize user consent and
avoidance is achieved through ultrasonic or infrared sensors, comfort.
enabling the robot to navigate safely. Voice recognition,
implemented using a microphone, allows the robot to respond 5. Conclusion
to verbal commands and detect distress signals. Advanced In conclusion, an Arduino-based robot for elderly assistance
systems may include vital sign monitors, such as heart rate is a complex integration of hardware and software, designed to
sensors, contributing to health monitoring. address specific challenges faced by the elderly.
The Arduino microcontroller is programmed using the
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