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Lesson 1 The Nature and Functions of Philosophy

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37 views

Lesson 1 The Nature and Functions of Philosophy

Uploaded by

Juliemer Ritcha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Learning Competency 1.

Distinguish a holistic
perspective from a partial
point of view.

(Nakikilala ang pagkakaiba


ng pangkabuuang pananaw
mula sa pananaw ng mga
bahagi lamang)

(PPT11/12-Ia-1.1)

Subtask: Explain the


meaning, characteristics, and
branches of Philosophy
Have you experienced
being called “pilosopo” by
someone?

What comes to mind


when you hear this word?
“PAMIMILOSOPO”

The process of doing philosophy


should not be mistaken for the
Filipino activity of pamimilosopo
or pedantry where a person
displays useless knowledge or
minute observances of small
details.
The Nature
and Functions
of Philosophy
What is
Philosophy?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goal
Gautama
Buddha
declared:
if you look at your life
"Life is you will see that it is a
suffering" series of challenges
that you have to
overcome if you want
to survive.
Each question  Why am I feeling this way
in life is really a (cause)?
question or a  How can I overcome it
bunch of
(process)?
questions that
you have to  How it will affect my life

answer. and the people around me

(consequence)?
Philosophy, our
subject matter for
this course, is really
all about questions
and answers.
From the Greek words:
Philos (love) and Sophia (wisdom)

• Philosophy is the “love of wisdom”

• Wisdom is the ability to contemplate and


act productively using knowledge,
experience, understanding, common sense
and insight.

• Love of wisdom refers to the strong desire


of the human person to possess knowledge
and apply it correctly.
Philosophy is the science
of the first causes.

• It seeks to know and clarify the very


source or the ultimate cause of things.

• Philosophy is also a science since it


uses reason and logic to understand
reality and answer important
questions concerning knowledge, life,
morality, and human nature.
Philosophers are “lovers
of wisdom”

• Philosophers love to search for


knowledge of things and experience
life.
• They put meaning to what is out
there. Open to changes and discovery.
They do not stop knowing, wondering
and asking questions. Hungers for
truth, meaning or sense.
Philosophy is…

• Considered as the “mother of all


sciences”
• Is a way of life
• It is a science
• Is a persistent quest for knowledge
and truth
Origin of
Philosophy?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goal
• Greece is the birthplace of
philosophy in the West.
• Particularly, it is in the Greek
city of Miletus in the Western
coast of what is now Turkey
that Thales, the first
philosopher, lived.
• Thales is the Father of
Philosophy in Western
civilization.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC


• Thales believed that despite
the different things we
encounter, there is one
underlying stuff or substance
in which everything is
composed. He believes that
there is One in the Many.

• Thales was the first individual


who tried to reduce the
multiplicity into a unity;
everything is related to each
other.
• Thales approach highlights the
difference between religion
and philosophy.

• Religion rests on FAITH while


philosophy rests on REASON.
Why do we need to study
Philosophy?

PHILOSOPHY OF THE
HUMAN PERSON
Is an area in philosophy that
understands the human person
from a philosophical perspective.
Practical Use of
Philosophy
1. For critical analysis and interpretation of
concepts, definitions, arguments and problems
2. Improves problem-solving and decision-
making
3. Develop clean and adequate articulation of
ideas
4. Wisdom – ability to apply knowledge to daily
life, and in making sound choices and judgement
5. Self - development
BIG NAMES IN
PHILOSOPHY
SOCRATES
• He came up with the Socratic Method –
a way of studying problems through a
question and answer technique.

• His thoughts focused on morals, good


and evil, and society.

• Because Socrates wrote little about his


life or work, much of what we know
comes from his student Plato.
PLATO
• A student of Socrates, he wrote down his mentor’s
teaching and incorporated some of his own ideas
into them.
• His most significant ideas included his Theory of
Forms – which proposes that everything that exist is
based on an idea or template that can only be
perceived in the mind.
• He is also known for his dialectic - a method of
inquiry where two opposing ideas are discussed in
an attempt to arrive at new knowledge.
• He founded his own school, the Academy where
Aristotle became one of his students.
ARISTOTLE
• He attended the Academy, and was the
prominent student of Plato.
• For him, all ideas and views are based on
perception and our reality is based on what we
can sense and perceive – influenced the study
of physical sciences.
• Deductive-reasoning – the process by which
specific statements are analyzed to reach a
conclusion or generalization.
• He founded his own school called the Lyceum.
• For him, reason was the highest good and that
having self-control is very important.
Thank
You!
See you next time!

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