Internship on Python Essentials:-

• INTERNSHIP INSTRUCTOR: CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY

• Prepared by:- Hema Latha Thanniru
• Roll No :- 209E1A0298
AGENDA:-
● Introduction to Python.
● Features of python.
● Variables, objects and classes.
● Basic syntax rules.
● Functions.
● Data Types and Operators.
● Input/Output.
● Control , Looping Statements.
● Exceptions.
● Oops Concepts
● Type Conversions.
● Exception Handling.
● Applications of python.
What is Python?
● Python is a popular high-level programming language used in various
applications

○ Python is an easy language to learn because of its simple syntax.

○ Python can be used for simple tasks such as plotting or for more complex tasks like
machine learning
Features Of Python:-
● Easy
● Interpreted
● Object-oriented
● Free and open source
● Portable
● GUI Programming
● Large python library
Variables, Objects, and Classes (cont.)
● A class is a collection of objects
who share the same set of
variables/methods. Instance #1
Color: Pink
Name: Polo
○ The definition of the class provides a Instance #2
blueprint for all the objects within it Color: Red
Name: Mini
(instances).
Instance #3
Color: Blue
○ Instances may share the same Name: Beetle
variables (color, size, shape, etc.), but
they do NOT share the same values
for each variable (blue/red/pink,
small/large, square/circular etc.)
Basic Syntax Rules
● The name of your variable (myInt etc.) is placed on the left of the “=“ operator.

○ Most variable names are in camel case where the first word begins with a lowercase letter and any subsequent words
are capitalized

○ Variable names may also appear in snake case where all words are lowercase, with underscores between words
● The assignment operator (“=“) sets the variable name equal to the memory location where your value is found.
● The value of your variable (“Hello, World”) is placed on the right of the “=“ operator.

○ The type of this value does NOT need to be stated but its format must abide by a given object type (as shown).

myString = “Hello, World” myInt = 7

myFloat = 7.0
myList = [7, 8, 9] myBoolean = true
Basic Syntax Rules
● Function Syntax
○ def...: indicates that you are defining a new function.

○ function() refers to the name of your function. By convention, this name is typically lowercase and represents a verb/action.

○ a,b refers to parameters (values or variables) that can be used within the statements of your function’s definition (......). If
your function has no parameters, an empty parenthetical () is used.

○ The return statement is an optional statement that will return a value for your function to your original call.

def function(a, b):

......
return a + b
Common Data Types and Operators
● A data type is a means of classifying a value and determining what operations can
be performed on it. All objects have a data type.
● Operators are symbols used carry out specific functions/computations.
● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5MR5JnKcZI
Input/Output

● Input functions (input()) allow users of a program to place values into

programming code.

○ The parameter for an input function is called a prompt. This is a

string (this can be indicated by “” or ‘’) such as “Enter a number: “
xString = input(“Enter a number: “)
○ The user’s response to the prompt will be returned to the input x = int(xString)
statement call as a string. To use this value as any other data type, y=x+2
it must be converted with another function (int()). print(y)
● Print functions (print()) allow programs to output strings to users on a
given interface.

○ The parameter of this function is of any type. All types will

automatically be converted to strings.
If-else Statements
● If-else statements allow programmers to adapt the function of their
code based on a given condition.
● If a given condition (i.e. x % 2 == 0) is true, then the statements
following the if statement (if) will be executed. If the condition is false, xString = input(“Enter a number: “)
the statements following the else statement (else) will be executed. x = int(xString)
if x % 2 == 0:
○ The condition is tested using the Boolean operators == (is equal print(“This is an even number”)
to), != (is not equal to), and (used to test multiple conditions), and
elif x == 0:
or (used to test if AT LEAST ONE condition is true).
print(“This number equals 0”)
else:
○ Additionally, else-if statements (elif) can be used to provide
print(“This is an odd number”)
unique coding statements for multiple conditions.
Loops in Python:-
● In Python Programming language the loops are used when we want to
perform a task in n of times there we have to use this concept in the form of
declaring variables.
● There are two types of loops in python programming Language:-
● While Loop
● For Loop
While Loops myString = input(“Enter a number: “)
myInt = int(myString)
● While loops are statements that iterate so long as a given x=0
Boolean condition is met. while x < 5:
print(myInt)
○ x (the variable determining whether or not the x= x +1
condition is met) is defined and manipulated
OUTSIDE of the header of the while loop (while)

○ The condition (x < 5) is a statement containing a

Boolean variable.

○ break is a statement used to exit the current

for/while loop.

○ continue is a statement used to reject all

statements in the current for/while loop iteration
and return to the beginning of the loop.
For Loops
● For loops perform the same task (iterate) for the number of
times specified by an iterable (something that can be evaluated
repeatedly such as a list, string, or range).
● for defines the for loop
● x is the variable defining the number of times the statements
within the loop (print(myInt)) are executed.
myString = input(“Enter a number: “)
● The range(start, stop, step) function is often used to define x.
myInt = int(myString)
○ The starting value is defined by start, the final value is
for x in range(0, 5, 1): print(myInt)
defined by stop – 1, and the magnitude at which x
changes between loops is defined by step.
● in is a Boolean operator that returns true if the given value (x) is
found within a given list, string, range etc.
Exceptions:-
Oops Concepts:-
● Inheritance : A mechanism for creating a new class based on an existing class,
inheriting its attributes and methods.
● Polymorphism: The ability of an object to take on multiple forms, achieved through
method overriding or method overloading.
● Encapsulation: Hiding internal implementation details of an object from the outside
world, exposing only necessary information through public methods.
● Abstraction: Focusing on essential features of an object, hiding non-essential details,
and showing only the necessary information to the outside world.
● Classes: A blueprint for creating objects, defining properties and methods.
Objects: Instances of classes, representing real-world entities
Type Conversion:-
Exception handling in Python:-
● Exception handling in Python is a mechanism to manage errors or
unexpected conditions that arise during the execution of a program.
● Goal: To prevent the program from crashing and to handle errors gracefully.

● Basic Syntax:-
● Try Block: Code that may potentially raise an exception is put inside a try
block.
● Example:-
Applications Of Python:-
Certificate:-