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Earth's Processes and Landforms Study Guide Answer Key

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121 views

Earth's Processes and Landforms Study Guide Answer Key

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shuhd169
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Earth’s Processes and Landforms Study Guide Answer Key

Fill in the chart with the correct definition for each term below.

Landform Natural feature of the Earth’s surface

Constructive Process Force that builds things up

Destructive Process Force that breaks things down or destroys

Weathering Process that wears down or breaks down rocks into sediment

Erosion The movement of sediment from one place to another

Deposition Leaving or dropping off sediment which adds to a landform

Cinder Cone Volcano An explosive volcano that shoots ash and lava into the air

Composite Volcano A volcano made with alternating layers of lava and ash

Shield Volcano A volcano with a bowl like opening with slow moving lava

Delta Flat area at the mouth of a river were sediment has been deposited

Sand Dune A pile of sand that has been built up by erosion and deposition

Glacier Slow moving flow of ice and snow that can create valleys

Fault A fracture or break in the Earth’s crust

Earthquake When Earth’s tectonic plates move or grind against each other and it
releases stress, or energy, which causes a vibration
Seismograph A tool that geologists use to measure the size of an earthquake

Levee A landform or structure that prevents flooding

Dam A barrier that stops the flow of a river

Jetty A structure that is built from the land out into the water

Sinkhole Occurs when rock below the surface of the ground is dissolved by water

How does ice change the shape of rocks?

Ice breaks rocks by expanding in small openings through freeze-thaw.


How was the Grand Canyon formed?

The Colorado River eroded the land over a long period of time.

What is an oxbow lake?

As rivers get older, the current can move from a straight path to a bending one as the
riverbank becomes eroded. A “U” shape can develop. As the river continues to bend, it
will erode land to develop a straight, shorter path once more. The “U” will turn into a lake
because the river won’t flow through it anymore.

What are the differences between weathering, erosion, and deposition? Give an example
of each in your explanation.

Weathering is the breakdown, or wearing away, of rocks into sediment. A possible


example might be water or wind moving over a rock. Erosion is the movement of
sediment, like water moving sediment downstream. Deposition is the leaving of sediment
in a new place, like a delta forming at the mouth of a river or a sand dune.

How can humans stop coastal erosion?

Possible answers could include: building jetties, planting vegetation, building a seawall,
creating artificial reefs, beach restoration, etc.

What are the different types of weathering?

Chemical (like acid rain), biological (like animals/plants), and mechanical (like wind,
water, and ice) are the three types of weathering.

Tell whether each force is constructive and/or destructive.

Constructive Destructive

Earthquake X X

Volcano X X

Water X

Wind X X

Glaciers X

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