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Chapter 3.7
1
INLET GUIDE VANE CONTROL SYSTEM

Chapter 3.7
INLET GUIDE VANE CONTROL SYSTEM

IGV

Contents Page

System description............................................................................................................3

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INLET GUIDE VANE CONTROL SYSTEM

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INLET GUIDE VANE CONTROL SYSTEM

System description

The axial flow compressor is equipped with variable inlet guide vanes, taking care of reduced
start-up power when closed and preventing the compressor against surge at low rpm.
During start-up and stopping, the vanes together with the bleed valves are controlled by the
Speedtronic system.

For gas turbines having an exhaust gas boiler and running on partial load for long periods of
time, it is attractive to maintain a high exhaust temperature. See also chapter "Gas Turbine
Basics" in this manual.
The desired high exhaust temperature is achieved by partially closing the inlet guide vanes by a
Speedtronic signal, operating in a modulating mode.
The operating principle is shown in figure 1.

OUTPUT
SET POINT SIGNAL
MIGV SERVO
POSITION CONTROL- 90TV
LER
(MARK V) TRIP OIL
+ - SOLENOID VALVE
20TV
ACCUMULATOR
DUMP VALVE VH3

FILTER

RESTRICTIONS TRIP OIL

HYDRAULIC CHECK VALVE SUPPLY
OIL SUPPLY WITH RESTRICTION

MEASURED
VALUE MIGV
POSITION

OPEN CLOSE

OPERATING CYLINDER
LVDT’S
96TV

Figure 1, principle inlet guide vane control

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INLET GUIDE VANE CONTROL SYSTEM

The system contains the following main items:

- Inlet guide vane ring around the inlet compressor casing with gear for vane adjustment.

- Double acting cylinder for ring movement.

- Two LVDT's (96TV-1, 2) for position feedback to the Speedtronic system.

- Servo valve 90TV-1, transforming an electric signal from the Speedtronic system into a high
pressure oil flow to the actuating cylinder. See also subject "Servo Valves and Position
Transmitters" in this chapter.

- Connection of the high pressure oil via a restriction and a check valve. An accumulator is
installed to be able to close the vanes when the hydraulic supply fails.

- A differential hydraulically controlled 6/2 valve VH3-1, connected on one side to the high-
pressure oil system and on the other side to the trip oil pressure. The piston area on the LP
side of the piston is much larger than on the other (HP) side. On the large area, trip oil
pressure is acting and on the other side high pressure oil. As force equals pressure times
2 2
area (F = N/m x m ), the piston will travel to the left (in the schematic) when trip oil
pressure is established.
- When trip oil pressure drops then the piston will travel to the right instantaneously, causing
the inlet guide vanes to close. See figure 2.

HYDRAULIC SUPPLY

TRIP-OIL SUPPLY

Figure 2, cross-section of differential valve VH3-1

- Dump valve 20TV is a 2/2-solenoid valve, which is energized during normal operation.
When the valve is de-energized it will dump trip oil to reservoir. This means that VH3-1 will
also switch, closing the inlet guide vanes. 20TV is used to open the inlet guide vanes during
the start-up cycle (14HS) and to close them during the stopping procedure. Also an
emergency trip signal will de-energize 20TV, closing the IGV's immediately.

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INLET GUIDE VANE CONTROL SYSTEM

FILTER HYDRAULIC SUPPLY SERVO VALVE

CHECK VALVE AND DIFFERENTIAL VALVE

RESTRICTION VH3

TRIP-OIL SUPPLY
NEEDLE VALVE
ACCUMULATOR

CONTROL CYLINDER
CONNECTIONS

ACCUMULATOR

NEEDLE VALVE SOLENOID VALVE

ACCUMULATOR 20TV

FILLING AND CONTROL

CONNECTION

ELECTRICAL
CONNECTION

HYDRAULIC
SUPPLY ACCUMULATOR ACCUMULATOR
SERVO 20TV
VALVE

FILTER

CYLINDER TRIP-OIL
CONNECTIONS SUPPLY

Figure 3, IGV control components

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INLET GUIDE VANE CONTROL SYSTEM

The inlet guide vanes Piping Schematic shows us how the accumulator is incorporated in the
system.
For proper operation of the accumulator, it must be pre-charged with gas having the correct
pressure. This should be checked on a regular basis, using the supplied hoses and
manometers.
Isolate the accumulator from the system and drain it completely. Then measure gas pressure.
The correct pre-charge pressure should be specified by the manufacturer and will be about half
normal operating pressure of the hydraulic system. If the gas pressure is ok then the
accumulator can be connected again.

The double acting cylinder and the two LVDT's are shown in figure 4.

TOP VIEW
ACTUATING
CYLINDER

ACTUATING
CYLINDER LVDT’S

Figure 4, components of the inlet guide vane control system

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INLET GUIDE VANE CONTROL SYSTEM

GEAR RING GEAR WHEEL POSITION POINTER COMPRESSOR

Figure 5, the IGV position pointer

GEAR WHEEL

IGV

Figure 6, IGV’s in inlet casing

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INLET GUIDE VANE CONTROL SYSTEM

FULL OPEN (MAX. ANGLE)

“SIMPLE CYCLE”

167 °C BELOW

5.6 °C BELOW
“COMPBINED
BASE TXSET

BASE TXSET
IGV ANGLE IN DEGREES (CSRVPS)

CYCLE”
MINIMUM ANGLE AT FSNL
START-UP

ROTATION
STALL AREA

AREA OF NEGATIVE EXTRACTION

th
PRESUURE AT 5 STAGE

0 CORRECTED 100
SPEED [%] LOAD [%]
(TNHCOR) 0 100

Figure 7, IGV angle versus corrected speed and load

EXHAUST TEMPERATURE CONTROL “COMBINED CYCLE”

EXHAUST TEMPERATURE CONTROL “SIMPLE CYCLE”

BASE TEMPERATURE
CONTROL SETPOINT
B

OPENING IGV’s
EXHAUST TEMPERATURE

t = 5.6 °C BELOW
MAXIMUM D BASE LOAD
EXHAUST TEMPERATURE
IGV’S ON MINIMUM ANGLE FSNL
C
t = 167 °C BELOW MAXIMUM Tx
IGV’s
B’ FULL
A END OF START-UP OPEN
IGV’s MINIMUM ANGLE FSNL C’
IGV
TEMPERATURE
S.C. IGV CONTROL SETPOINT
TEMPERATURE
CONTROL SETPOINT

COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE PRESSURE

Figure 8, exhaust temperature control

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INLET GUIDE VANE CONTROL SYSTEM

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