05 - Assignment # Heat Transfer - Eng
05 - Assignment # Heat Transfer - Eng
7 5
(A) k (B) 2 k (C) k (D) 3 k
3 2
3. One mole of oxygen is contained in a rigid container with walls of inner surface area A, thickness d and
thermal conductivity K. The gas is at initial temperature T0 and the surrounding temperature of air is
2T0. The temperature of the gas at time t is (R is gas constant) :-
æ -2KA
t ö æ 2KA
t ö
-2KA
t 2
KA
t
(A) T = T0 ç 2 - e 5dR ÷ (B) T = T0 ç 2 - e 5dR ÷ (C) T = T0 e 5dR (D) T = T0 e dR
è ø è ø 5
4. Two rods of identical dimensions (Area = A, length l each) are kept as shown in figure. One end of both
the rods is kept at 100° C & another end at 0°C. The rods have different thermal conductivity given by
K0
K1 = K 0 æç 1 + ö÷ and K2 =
x
where x is the distance from the end having 100°C temperature & K0
è lø 2ln2
is a +ve constant. Find the rate of heat flow through this combination in steady state :-
100°C 0°C
K1
K2
l
150 K 0 A K A 100 K 0 A 3 K0 A
(A) (B) 150 0 (C) (D)
ln2 l l ln2 l 4 ln2 l
5. A hollow cylindrical shell of inner radius R1 = 1m and outer radius R2 = 2m is placed inside a heat
reservoir of temperature T0 = 100°C. The cylindrical shell is initially filled with water at 50°C. The
thermal conductivity of the material K = 4200 ln2 W/mK and its heat capacity is negligible. Find the
time required to raise the temperature of water to 75°C. Take specific heat of water S = 4.2 kJ/kg°C.
Density of water is 1000 kg/m3.
500
(A) 250 ln2 sec (B) 500 ln2 sec (C) 750 ln2 sec (D) sec
ln2
6. A homogeneous thermal resistor whose outer surface is the frustom of a solid cone, has the two base radii
as 6R and 3R respectively and the perpendicular distance between its, two bases is 3L. The two bases are
maintained at 100°C and 10°C. In the steady state (heat flows from left end to the right end) the temperature
of the interface at a distance of 2L from the left end is T. Assume that L is very large in comparison to R and
the lateral surface of the cylinder is thermally insulated from the surroundings. Find T.
2L L
A
6R B
b
3R
100°C 10°C
2T0
A B
F C 6T0
E D
10. A cylinder of radius R made of a material of thermal conductivity k1 is surrounded by a cylindrical shell
of inner radius R and outer radius 2R made of a material of thermal conductivity k2. The two ends of
the combined system are maintained at different temperatures. There is no loss of heat from the cylindrical
surface and the system is in steady state. The effective thermal conductivity of the system is :
k1k 2 1 1
(A) k1 + k2 (B) k + k (C) (k + 3k 2 ) (D) (3k1 + k 2 )
1 2 4 1 4
11. Infinite identical rods of cross-section area A, each of length L and thermal conductivity K are arranged
as shown. The lateral surface of the rods are insulated. Find the rate of heat transfer in steady state from
one end of the rod. (T1 > T2).
A( T1) ¥
B(T2) ¥
Bulb
X Y
Alcohol
(A) The level of alcohol in limb X falls while that in limb Y rises
(B) The level of alcohol in limb X rises while that in limb Y falls
(C) The level of alcohol falls in both limbs
(D) The level of alcohol rises in both limbs
PHY / RA (Optional) # Heat Transfer E-3/19
REVISION ASSIGNMENT JEE (Main + Advanced) 2024
16. A spherical black body of radius r at absolute temperature T is surrounded by a thin spherical and
concentric shell of radius R, black on both sides. The factor by which this radiation shield reduces the
rate of cooling of the body (consider space between spheres evacuated, with no thermal conduction
losses) is given by the following expression : aR2/(R2 + br2). a and b are numerical coefficient. The ratio
a
is :-
b
(A)1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
17. A body is kept in surrounding of temperature lower than the temperature of the body. 200W is necessary
to maintain its temperature. If one-fourth of its surface area is painted black, then the required power to
1
maintain its temperature is (absorptive power a = ) :-
2
(A) 150 W (B) 250 W (C) 350 W (D) 450 W
18. The shell of a space station is a blackened sphere in which a temperature T = 500 K is maintained due
to the operation of the appliances of the station which supply heat at constant rate always. If the station
is enveloped by a thin spherical black screen of nearly the same radius as the radius of the shell of the
station then the new steady state temperature (approx.) of the shell of the station will be :-
(A)500 K (B) 700 K (C) 600 K (D) 450 K
19. Two identical heaters are coated with paint. In 1 case e1 = 1.0 and in 2 case e2 = 0.5. Both are kept in
st nd
identical container which are in similar surroundings. If the heaters are switched on, in steady state 1st
heater has temperature T1 on surface and q1 is temperature of its container. 2nd heater has temperature T2
on surface and q2 is temperature of its container.
(A) q1 = q2; T1 < T2 (B) q1 > q2; T1 = T2 (C) q1 = q2; T1 > T2 (D) q1 < q2; T1 = T2
20. Two highly conducting shells A and B have radius R and 2R and are concentric. Temperature of A is
maintained at 2T0 and the arrangement is kept in an encloser of temperature T0 as shown. In steady state
the temperature of B is :
A
T0
1
1 æ 5ö 4 1
(A) 2 T0
4 (B) ç ÷ T0 (C) 2 2 T (D) None of these
è 2ø 0
21. Assuming newton's law of cooling to be valid, body at temperature 50° C in surrounding of temperature
20°C, achieve steady state with help of 100 W heater. If same body has temperature 35°C in same
surrounding, then power of heater required to maintain steady state :-
(A) 70 W (B) 50 W (C) 100 W (D) 35 W
22. You are a consultant for a cookware manufacturer who wishes to make a pan that will have two features:
(1) absorb thermal energy from a flame as quickly as possible, and (2) have an inner surface that remains
as hot as possible when cooking. Consider only radiation. You should recommend a pan with the
(A) outer and inner surfaces black.
(B) outer and inner surfaces shiny.
(C) outer surface shiny and inner surface black.
(D) outer surface black and inner surface shiny.
23. The average temperature T of the heated plate is maintained constant. On both left and right side of the
plate, there lies several parallel shield plates, each of emissivity 1. How much shielding plates should be
put on both sides of the middle plate to reduce the temperature of external shield plate to T/2?
e=1 T e=1
(A) 15 (B) 16 (C) 30 (D) 32
24. By varying the voltage applied to the kettle, you can change power consumption P. Depending on the
P of kettle, water can be heated to different maximum temperatures. This dependence is shown in table.
Table
Power P (in Watt) 0 100 200 300
Temperature T(in °C) 20 40 60 80
If the power consumption is 400W
(A) The water will come to the boiling point and start boiling.
(B) The water will reach boiling point but will not boil.
(C) The water will not reach boiling point but start boiling.
(D) The water will neither reach boiling point nor start boiling.
25. A planet radiates heat at a rate proportional to the fourth power of its surface temperature T. If such a
steady temperature of the planet is due to an exactly equal amount of heat received from the Sun, then
which of the following statement is true?
(A) The planet’s surface temperature varies inversely as the distance of the Sun.
(B) The planet’s surface temperature varies directly as the square of its distance from Sun.
(C) The planet’s surface temperature varies inversely as the square root of its distance from Sun.
(D) The planet’s surface temperature is proportional to fourth power of its distance from the Sun.
26. A space object has the shape of a sphere of radius R. Heat sources ensuring that heat evolution at a
constant rate are distributed uniformly over its volume. The amount of heat liberated by a unit surface
area is proportional to the fourth power of temperature. In what proportion would the temperature of the
object change if its radius decrease by half ?
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4
2 2
2 3
2 2
Multiple Correct Answer Type 23 Q. [4 M (–1)]
r
27. A thick spherical shell of inner and outer radii r and 2r respectively has thermal conductivity k =
xn
where r is a constant and x is distance from the centre of the shell. The inner and outer walls are
maintained at temperature T1 and T2(<T1).
(A) The value of number n for which the temperature gradient remains constant throughout the thickness
of the shell is n = 2.
(B) For this value of n, the distance x at which the temperature is the average of inner and outer shell is 3r/2.
(T1 - T2 )
(C) For this value of n, the rate of heat flow is 2pr .
r
(T2 - T1 )
(D) For this value of n the temperature gradient is .
r
28. The material shown is in the form of a quarter of an annulus of radii 'a' and 'b' (> a) with uniform
thickness h as shown in figure. The conductivity K of the material of the medium is uniform. Let the
thermal resistance be: (a) Rz of the specimen between the pair of opposite faces in the direction eˆz (b) Rr
of the specimen between the pair of opposite faces in the direction eˆ ρ (c) Rj of the specimen between
the pair of opposite faces in the direction eˆφ .
^
ez
^
er
^ h
ef
a b
4h 2 ln(b / a )
(A) Rz = πK (b2 - a 2 ) (B) Rρ =
πKh
π
(C) Rφ = 2 Kh ln(b / a ) (D) None
29. A cubical box is used to keep colddrinks in a bus. Area of each face of cubical box is 0.80 m2 and each
wall has thickness 2.00 cm. It is filled with ice and water which remains at 0ºC. Temperature outside
each wall is 30ºC then: (Thermal conductivity of material of box = 1 × 10–2w/m–k)
(Latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.2 × 105 J/kg)
(A) Total heat current in the box is 60 J/s (B) Total heat current in the box is 72 J/s
(C) Mass of ice melted in 1 hour is 810 gm (D) Mass of ice melted in 1 hour is 690 gm
30. Radius of a metallic rod varies with x (distance from end A) as r = (x + 1)3/2 m. End A and B of rod are
3
maintain at 100°C and 0°C respectively. Thermal conductivity and length of rod are W/m-K and 2m
p
respectively. Assume steady state flow of heat in rod and rod is covered with adiabatic coating :-
adiabatic coating
r
100°C 0°C
A
x
B
2m
31. Figure shows two reservoirs containing two liquids of masses 4m and 2m and their specific heat capacities
are S and 2S respectively. Their initial temperatures are 4T0 and T0 respectively. The containers are
joined by a conducting rod of thermal conductivity K, length l and cross-section area A specific heat
capacity of the rod is negligible.
4m P 2m
S 2S
l,k,A
4T0 T0
(A) The temperature of mid-point ‘P’ of the rod is always constant.
(B) Heat extracted from container 1 = Heat supplied to container 2.
2msl
(C) After time t 0 = ln2 the temperature difference between containers becomes half of the initial
kA
temperature difference.
msl
(D) After time t0 = ln2 the temperature difference between containers becomes half of the initial
kA
temperature difference.
32. A black body has a temperature of 'T' (in kelvin) and wavelength 'l' corresponding to maximum energy
density. When body cools, percentage change in the wavelength corresponding to the maximum energy
density is 900% Then choose the correct altemative(s)
T
(A) Temperature of black body to which it is cooled is
9
(B) Ratio of rate of emission i.e. final to initial will be 1 : 10000
9T
(C) The magnitude of difference in two temperature is
10
(D) Ratio of rate of emission i.e. final to initial will be 1 : 6561
33. A solar cooker is a spherical shell of radius 30 cm blackened at its outer surface and kept in bright
sunlight. Assume that it is completely filled with water. The shell is thin and can be assumed to be
perfect conductor. The solar constant is 1536 W/m2. The surrounding is at 27°C. Assume that the heat
exchange with the surroundings is only due to radiation. Take Stefan's constant as 6 × 10–8 W/m2K4.
(A) The steady state temperature of water is independent of the emissivity of the shell
(B) The steady state temperature of the blackened shell is approximately 346 K
(C) The steady state temperature of the blackened shell is approximately 282 K
(D) If we have a larger sphere, steady state temperature would be higher.
34. A composite body consists of two rectangular plates of the same dimensions but different thermal
conductivities KA and KB. This body is used to transfer heat between two objects maintained at different
temperatures. The composite body can be placed such that flow of heat takes place either parallel to the
interface or perpendicular to it. Calculate the effective thermal conductivities K|| and K^ of the composite
body for the parallel and perpendicular orientations. Which of the following option(s) are correct ?
KA + KB KA + KB
(A) K|| = (B) K^ = (C) K|| > K^ (D) K|| < K^
2 2
35. In the red giant state of a star its surface temperature is 2000 K and in its white dwarf state its surface
temperature, is about 20,000 K. Consider the size (volume) of white dwarf state to be 1015 times smaller
than that of red giant. Take every state to be behaving as perfect black body and diameter of white dwarf
to be 4000 Km. Choose correct option/options.
(A) Total power radiated by star in its red giant state is about 1.14 × 1020 W.
(B) The average power radiated per unit area by white dwarf is about 104 times the average power
radiated per unit area by red giant.
(C) A medium size star converts into a white dwarf in its last days because expansion due to nuclear
forces go weaker compared to graviational contraction in the core of star.
(D) Total power radiated by star in W.D. state is about 1.4p × 1023 W .
36. An enclosure's walls are somehow maintained at constant temperature T0K. A body (area A, temperature
T K < T0 K, absorptivity is a and emissivity is e) is placed inside the enclosure (s = stephen constant).
Choose the CORRECT option(s)
(A) Power absorbed by body is aAsT04
(B) The body will be absorbing energy even after its temperature has reached T0.
(C) At some temperature body will be only emitting energy with no absorption.
(D) At all time rate of absorbtion is equal to rate of emission as a = e
37. Three separate segments of equal area A1, A2 and A3 are shown in the energy distribution curve of a
blackbody radiation. If n1, n2 and n3 are number of photons emitted per unit time corresponding to each
area segment respectively then : El
(A) Energy emitted by the body per unit time corresponding to these
wavelengths are all equal.
(B) Energy emitted by the body per unit time corresponding to these
wavelengths are in order E1 > E2 > E3.
(C) n1 > n2 > n3
(D) n1 < n2 < n3 A1 A 2 A3 l
38. A small sphere of radius 25 mm with a surface temperature of 327°C is located at the geometric centre
of a large sphere of inside radius 125 mm with an inner surface temperature of 27°C. Both the bodies
behave like black bodies. Choose the correct statement(s)
(A) The net rate of heat exchange between the two spheres is 40 W approx.
(B) The wavelength corresponding to the maximum emissive power for the smaller sphere is almost 20
times that of the larger sphere.
(C) Almost 4% of radiation emitted by the larger sphere falls on the smaller sphere
(D) The rate of energy radiated by the inner sphere is 55 W approx.
39. In a long pipe filled with water, we made a partition using a cork 1 cm thick. The partition divides the
pipe into two parts. If the water temperatures in the parts of the pipe differ by 1 degree, the flow heat rate
through the partition is 2 J / s. Now we add one more partition to the right using cork 2 cm thick. In
between the partitions water is filled up. To the left of this region we will maintain the water temperature
+50 °C, to the right - the temperature +20 °C. Determine the steady state temperature T of the water in
the gap. Determine the heat flux Q through each partition. The thermal conductivity of the pipe walls is
negligible small.
(A) Qleft = 10 W (B) Qright = 20 W (C) T = 40°C (D) T = 25°C
40. Assuming the Sun is a black body at a temperature of TS and that the Earth is also a black body.
Diameter of Sun subtends a very small angle q radians at the centre of Earth. (Neglect sources of heat
from the Earth itself). If an opaque cloud of dust particles in the form of a spherical shell with a radius
equal to half the radius of the Earth's orbit were interposed between Earth and Sun centred on the Sun.
Mark the CORRECT statement(s) : [Assume cloud of dust and earth to behave as black body]
(A) Equilibrium temperature of cloud (TD) is TS q
q
(B) Equilibrium temperature of cloud (TD) is TS
2
TD
(C) Equilibrium temperature of Earth (TE) is
2
TD
(D) Equilibrium temperature of Earth (TE) is
4
41. A thin copper tube of outer radius 0.5 cm carries a liquid flowing at T = 100°C. The copper tube loses
heat according to Newton's law with constant of proportionality 3 × 10–3 cal/cm2 sec°C. The temperature
of surrounding is 20°C. Now we coat a layer with thermal conductivity 2.8 × 10–3 cal/cm°C sec. The
layer is 0.5 cm thick. Assume that outer surface of layer loses heat with same constant of proportionality:
(Take : ln2 = 0.7)
8
(A) The rate of heat loss becomes times
7
7
(B) The rate of heat loss becomes times
8
(C) The temperature T of outer surface of layer is approximately 65.7°C
(D) The temperature T of outer surface of layer is approximately 42.2°C
42. Phase diagram for CO2 is shown here. The triple point is at 5 atm and –55°C
Pressure
Solid liquid
triple
point
Gas
0
0K Temperature
Which of the statement(s) can be definitely concluded from the above phase diagram?
(A) The melting point of CO2 increases with increase in pressure.
(B) The boiling point of CO2 increases with increase in pressure.
(C) If we have a sample of CO2 at atmospheric pressure, it can be in liquid state.
(D) Suppose that Dry ice (solid CO2) is existing at room temperature. It can be melted by decreasing
pressure on it.
43. The three graphs shown here show the total energy output of four different stars per second plotted
against the wavelength that they radiate. All the four stars are behaving like black bodies. They can be
assumed to be spherical bodies. Study the graphs below and choose the correct statement(s).
Take b = 3 × 10–3 mK. :-
8000K
Star B Star C
4000 K
(A) The peak wavelength of star A and star B respectively are 375 nm and 750 nm
(B) Star C appears to be blue in colour and has temperature less than 8000 K
(C) The correct order of the radius of star A, star C and star D are RD > RA > RC
(D) Star D has a temperature more than 8000 K.
44. A 100 cm long cylindrical flask with inner and outer diameter 2cm and 4cm
respectively is completely filled with ice as shown in the figure. The constant
temperature outside the flask is 40°. (Thermal conductivity of the flask is 0.693
W/m°C, Lice = 80 cal/gm).
(A ) Rate of heat f low f rom outside to the f lask is 80p, J/s. r1
ice
p r2
(B) The rate at which ice melts is Kg / s .
4200
(C) The rate at which ice melts is 100p Kg/s.
(D) Rate of heat flow from outside to flask is 40p J/s.
45. Consider a black sphere of radius R at temperature T which radiates to distant black surrounding at zero
kelvin. The temperature of black sphere always remains T. Now surround the sphere with a nearby heat
shield in the form of a thin black shell whose temperature is determined by radiative equilibrium. Now
choose CORRECT statement(s) :-
(A) The heat shield reduces the total power loss to surrounding by system to half of initial value.
(B) There is no change in power loss to surrounding by the system.
T
(C) At equilibrium temperature of thin black shell is .
(2)1 / 4
(D) At equilibrium temperature of thin black shell is T.
46. The cooling of water is investigated in alike containers of negligible heat capacity. In each case the
initial temperature of the sample of water is 80°C, and the aimed final temperature is 40°C. The temperature
of the environment is 30°C, which does not change during the measurements.
(i) Firstly it was measured that 2 litres of water cooled from 80°C to 40°C in a time of t0.
(ii) Secondly, we waited only until the 2 litres of water initially having a temperature of 80°C cooled to
a temperature of 50°C (which took a time of t1). Then 1 litre of water was quickly poured out and
was replaced with 1 litre of water at a temperature of 30°C.
(iii) Then the measurement was repeated such that 1 litre of the initial 2 litres of water at a temperature of
80°C was poured out and immediately replaced by 1 litre water at a temperature of 30°C. The
mixture reached the temperature of 40°C in a time of t2.
(iv) Finally the 2 litres water of initial temperature 80°C, was left to cool to 60°C, and then quickly 1 litre
of water was poured out and replaced by 1 litre of water of temperature 30°C, and then the mixture
was left to cool to a temperature of 40°C. The total time of cooling in this case was t3.
Take ln 5 = 1.6, ln 2 = 0.7, ln 3 = 1.1
(A) t1 = 0.5625 t0 (B) t2 = 0.225 t0 (C) t3 = 0.5625 t0 (D) t1 + t2 < 2t3
47. The rate at which energy is produced in mammals is proportional to their volume. Assume that mammals
lose energy according to Newton's Law of cooling. Their body temperature are 27°C and surrounding
is at 7°C. Assume that each mammal is curled up to form a sphere of different radius.
(i) Mouse of radius 2 cm.
(ii) human being of radius 40 cm.
(iii) elephant of radius 2m.
The energy intake/mass to maintain their temperature are E1, E2 & E3 respectively. Assume same emissivity
and density.
(A) E1 > E2 > E3
(B) E3 > E2 > E1
(C) rate of heat loss/area for all of them is same.
(D) rate of heat loss/area is largest for elephant.
48. In cold countries, heated water beds are used to keep a bed warm. Such a bed consists of a hollow 20 cm
× 200 cm × 100 cm cuboid of negligible heat capacity filled with water. The surrounding temperature is
5°C and the water is electrically heated to 25°C. Suppose you have kept the water bed in your guest room
on for a guest. After the guest leaves, the next guest is going to arrive after 4 days. You have two options:
1. Leave the bed on
2. Allow the bed to cool and then reheat rapidly it just before the next guest arrives. During this process,
the heat losses while heating amount to 10% of the heat supplied.
Underneath the bed and on its sides, the bed has insulation whose ratio of thermal conductivity to
thickness is 0.1 W/m2K. On top of the bed is a mattress whose thermal conductivity to thickness ratio is
1.0 W/m2K. There is no convection. The specific heat of water is 4000 J/kgK.
Use e–0.5 = 0.6 and 1.16 × 86400 = 105
(A)In option 1, the heat lost by the bed in two weeks is 1.6 × 107 J
(B) In option 2, the temperature to which the bed will cool in 2 weeks is 15°C
(C) Option 2 is more economical.
(D) Option 1 is more economical
49. Two identical heaters are coated with paint. In 1st case e1 = 1.0 and in 2nd case e2 = 0.5. Both are kept in
identical chambers which are in similar surroundings. If the heaters are switched on, in steady state 1st
heater has temperature T1 on surface and q1 of its chamber. 2nd heater has temperature T2 on surface and
q2 of its chamber. Then select the correct option(s).
(A) q1 = q2 (B) T1 < T2 (C) q1 > q2 (D) T1 = T2
Linked Comprehension Type (1 Para × 4Q., 1 Para × 3Q., 3 Para × 2Q.) [3 M (-1)]
(Single Correct Answer Type)
Paragraph for Questions no. 50 to 52
In shown figure all the conducting rods have equal cross sectional area A. Their length and co–efficient
of thermal conductivity are shown in figure. 130 J/s heat current is entering into the system at point A
L
and leaving the system at C. Temperature of point A is 300°C. (Given = 1 Js–1K–1)
kA
L,K L,2K
L,K L,K
B
K
L, L,K
4
C L,K L,K
53. If temperature of A (a perfect black body) is TA = 300 K and temperature of H is TH = 0K. For H take
eH = 0.5 tH = 0.5. For this situation, mark out the CORRECT statement(s).
(A) The rate at which A loses the energy is b J/s.
(B) The rate at which the spherical surface containing P receives the energy is b/2 J/s.
(C) The rate at which the spherical surface containing Q receives the energy is b J/s.
(D) All of the above.
54. In above question of body A has eA = 0.5, rA = 0.5 and for H eH = 0.5, rH = 0.5, The mark out the
CORRECT statement.
(A) The rate at which A losses the energy is –b/2.
(B) The rate at which spherical surface containing P receives the energy is zero.
(C) The rate of which spherical surface containing Q receives the energy is b.
(D) All of the above.
55. Consider two cases, first on in which A is a perfect black body and 2nd in which A is non-black body.
In both cases temperature of the body A is same equal to 300 K and H is at temperature YH = 600 K. For
H = 0 and a ¹ 1 for this situation, mark out the correct statement(s) :
(A) The bodies lose their distinctiveness inside the enclosure and both emit the same radiation as that
of the black body.
(B) The rate of heat loss by A in both the cases is same is and equal to b J/s.
(C) From this information we can calculate the exact rate of heat loss by A in different cases.
(D) None of the above.
56. In pervious question if enclosure in considered as perfect black body and is maintained at same temperature
as, that of temperature of body A, then in two cases,
(A) The body A emits radiation at the same rate.
(B) The body A emits radiation at the different rates.
(C) The temperature of body A remains constant.
(D) None of the above.
Paragraph for Question no. 57 and 58
Heat resistivity is equal to the ratio of the temperature difference between the end-points of a wire of unit
cross-section and unit length, and the rate of heat flow per unit time (unit: W) through this wire.
57. Microprocessor of power P = 90W has a water-cooling system. The chip and flowing water are separated
by a copper plate of thickness d = 5mm and cross-section area s = 100mm2. What is the temperature
difference between the processor and water? The copper heat resistivity is r = 2.6mm K/W.
(A) 12 K approx (B) 5K approx (C) 24 K approx (D) 37 K approx
E-12/19 PHY / RA (Optional) # Heat Transfer
REVISION ASSIGNMENT JEE (Main + Advanced) 2024
58. A wire is made of different alloys, its heat resistivity r as a function of the coordinate along the wire is
given in the attached graph. The crosssection area of the wire is S = 1mm2, its length l = 2m. Find the heat
flux through the wire, if one end of the wire is kept at the temperature 100°C, and the other end at 0°C.
r (mmK/W)
x
1m 2m
(A) 2.5 W (B) 0.025 W (C) 37.5 W (D) None of these
Paragraph for Questions No. 59 and 60
End A of a rod AB of length l0 = 5m and cross-section area S = 1m2 is maintained at some constant
temperature. The heat conductivity of the rod is varying with the distance x from, the end A as K = K0
Watt
[1 + ax], where K 0 = 1 and a = 0.2 ms–1. The other end B of this rod is radiating energy at the rate
mK
of P = 4560 J/s and the wavelength with maximum energy density emitted from this end is 14500 Å.
(Assume that except the ends, the rod is thermally insulated. Wein's constant b = 2.9 × 10–3 m–K.)
59. The variation of temperature as a function of x can be expressed as :
P æ 1 + al ö P æ 2 + al ö
(A) T = K aS l n ç 1 + ax ÷ + TB (B) T = K aS l n ç 2 + ax ÷ + TB
0 0
0 è ø 0 è ø
P æ 1 - al ö P æ al ö
(C) T = K aS l n ç 1 - ax ÷ + TB (D) T = K aS l n ç x ÷ + TB
0 0
0 è ø 0 è ø
60. The temperature of the end A is equal to :- (Use : ln2 = 0.7)
(A)10000 K (B) 17960 K (C) 25000 K (D) None of these
Paragraph for Question no. 61 and 62
Billionaire Elon Musk wants to build a penthouse in space. He conceives a blackened spherical shell
hovering in the outer space between earth and sun. His penthouse would be built inside this shell. For
this purpose, he has hired a retired scientist from ISRO, Ms. Budhimati Thakur. Ms. Budhimati is an
Indian, and she does not like this wasteful expenditure of foolish rich people while people here on the
earth are starving to death. On the other hand, Mr. Musk is building castles in air (actually penthouses in
space). He is busy thinking how the shell will maintain the temperature by being heated from Sun. The
Black body radiations emitted by the shell will be received by earthlings and Aliens. They will all be
able to see the glories of me and my family members.
Ms. Budhimati finally builds that required space station using special material that has high thermal
conductivity, and negligible thermal expansion coefficient. But she uses a very thin material for the shell
so that the shell will explode if the oxygen inside has a pressure more than 1.1 times the initial value.
Initially, the shell is located at such a distance from the sun that the radiation incident on it is having an
17
intensity of 1836 W/m2. Take s = ´ 10-8 W/m2K4, b = 0.3 cm-K.
3
Disclaimer: This paragraph is a work of fiction and any resemblance to a person living or dead is purely
coincidental.
61. What is the wavelength of most intense beam being radiated by the shell in steady state?
(A) 7071 nm (B) 5000 nm (C) 10,000 nm (D) 20,000 nm
62. At what value of the incident intensity will the shell explode?
(A) 2221 W/m2. (B) 2688 W/m2. (C) 2442 W/m2. (D) 1932 W/m2.
D
(II) Rod AC has length R and cross-sectional (ii) 20 J/sec (Q) 40°C
area = A.B is at a distance of R/3
from C. TA = 150°C, TB = 90°C
A C
B
(III) Solid sphere of inner radius R and (iii) 12 J/sec (R) 70°C
radius outer 2R. Distance of point C
from centre is 5R/4.
TA = 100°C, TB = 0°C
C R
A
2R
B
(IV) B is midpoint of A & C. (iv) 7.5 J/sec (S) 60°C
LAC = R & rC = 2rA = 2R
TA = 200°C, TB = 100°C
A C
B
63. Choose the CORRECT option :
(A) (III)-(i)-(Q) (B) (III)-(iv)-(P) (C) (III)-(iii)-(Q) (D) (III)-(ii)-(S)
64. Choose the CORRECT option :
(A) (IV)-(iv)-(P) (B) (IV)-(iii)-(P) (C) (IV)-(iii)-(Q) (D) (IV)-(iv)-(S)
65. Choose the CORRECT option :
(A) (II)-(i)-(Q) (B) (I)-(iii)-(P) (C) (I)-(iii)-(Q) (D) (II)-(iv)-(S)
E-14/19 PHY / RA (Optional) # Heat Transfer
REVISION ASSIGNMENT JEE (Main + Advanced) 2024
List-I List-II
(P) A is connected (1) TA > TB > TC > T0
(Q) B is connected (2) TA = TB > TC > T0
(R) C is connected (3) TA = TC < TB > T0
(S) A & C are connected (4) TA = TB = TC > T0
Codes :
P Q R S
(A) 2 2 4 3
(B) 1 4 3 2
(C) 1 3 2 4
(D) 1 2 4 1
SECTION-II (i)
Linked Comprehension Type (1 Para × 2Q.) [3 M (0)]
(upto second decimal place)
Question Stem for Question Nos. 67 and 68
Question Stem
A Cubical frame is made by connecting 12 identical uniform conducting rods as shown in the figure. In
the steady state the temperature of junction A is 100°C while that at the junction G is 0°C. A is a
reservoir and G is a sink.
SECTION-II (ii)
Numerical Answer Type Question 12 Q. [3(0)]
(upto second decimal place)
69. A conical cylinder of length L = 100 cm and radii R1= 5 cm and R2 = 10 cm (see figure) is fully insulated
along the outer surface. The surface of R1 is maintained at temperature T1 = 227°C and surface of R2 is
maintained at temperature T2 = 27°. The thermal conductivity of the material is 40 Wm–1K–1. Considering
the heat flow along the axis of the cylinder, find the heat (in W) conducted through the cylinder per second.
R2
R1
L
70. A spherical blackbody of radius R is arranged concentrically inside a hemispherical blackbody of radius
2R as shown in the figure. If the hemispherical body is maintained at a temperature T0 , and the steady
state temperature of the sphere is T. Assume that the sphere is perfectly conducting and the only mode
of heat transfer between the sphere and the rest of the universe is radiation. The temperature of the
enclosure around the system is assumed to be zero Kelvin. Fill value of T0/T.
71. The distance of the Earth from the Sun is 4 times that of the planet Mercury from the Sun.The temperature
of the Earth in radiative equilibrium with the Sun is 290 K. Find the radiative equilibrium temperature
(in K) of the Mercury. Assume all three bodies to be black body.
72. Three concentric thin spherical shells are shown in figure. Outer most sphere can't radiate in outer space. The
inner most and the outer most shells are maintained at T1K & T2K respectively. Assume the three shells
1/ 4
æ T14 T24 ö
behaves as black body. The steady state temperature of the middle shell is ç + ÷ . Value of x + y is
è x y ø
\\\\\
\ \\ \
\\
\\
\\
2R
\\
\\\\\
\\\\\\\
R
T2
3R
\\\
T1
\
\
\
\\
\\ \ \\
\ \\ \
73. Two large black parallel plates at temperatures 127°C and 27°C are held at a distance of 1m in vacuum.
If space in between is completely filled with material of conductivity 2.1 W/mK, what is the ratio of
new rate of heat flow to the original rate of heat flow ? Take s = 6 × 10–8 W/m2K4.
74. A body of mass 2 gm has specific heat capacity 0.25 cal/gm-°C and surface area 30 cm2. It is kept in an
enclosure which is maintained at temperature 127°C. Body is being supplied heat at rate 2 watt. If
temperature of body is 27°C and emissivity of body is 0.5. Determine the rate at which its temperature
is changing (in K/s) at the given instant. (Stefan's constant is 5.67 × 10–8 W/m2–k4. 1 cal = 4.2 J)
75. A spherical shell is kept in an atmosphere at temperature T0. The wavelength corresponding to maximum
intensity of radiation for the shell is l0. A point source of constant power is switched on inside the shell.
The power radiated by the source is P = 0.4 sSeT04 where S, e and s are outer surface area of the shell
emissivity of the outer surface of the shell and Stefan’s constant respectively. Calculate the new wavelength
(l) corresponding to the maximum intensity of radiation from the shell. Assume that change in temperature
æNö
(DT) of the shell is small compared to the ambient temperature T0. If value of l is given by ç 11 ÷ l0 , then
è ø
fill the value of N.
76. A small black sphere (radius = r1) is located at the centre of a spherical asbestos black shell (thickness =
5.0 cm, outer radius = r2). The thickness of the shell is small compared to the inner and outer radii of the
shell. The temperature of the small sphere is 800 K, while the temperature of the inner surface of the
r2
shell is 600 K. The temperature of small sphere is maintained constant. Assuming that = 10.0 and
r1
ignoring any air inside the shell, find the temperature (in K) of the outer surface of the shell. Take :
17
Kasbestor = 0.085W/m°C, s = ´ 10-8 W/m2k4.
3
77. A hollow sphere (mass m, radius R) is put inside a hollow cone (mass m, radius 5R and semi-vertax
angle 37°) as shown in the figure. The whole arrangement is rigidly fixed to the ground at the apex of
the cone. Both the sphere and the cone are made of the same material (a = 10–4 /°C). Considering that
major changes in dimensions could happen only due to heating effects, find the increase in potential
energy (in Joule) of the system if it's temperature is increased by 100°C.
78. A block of mass m (having high conductivity) and specific heat capacity S is connected to constant
temperature sources at temperature T1 = 4 T0 and T2 = 2T0 respectively by conducting rods of negligible
heat capacity. The length and area of cross-section of rods are L and A respectively. The conductivity of
rods are K1 = K & K2 = 2K as shown in fig. Neglecting any radiation loss, find the temperature of block
mSLln2
(in K) at time . Temperature of block at t = 0 is T0. Take : T0 = 480 K
KA
K1 K2
T1 m T2
79. There are two concentric spherical shells of radii 10 cm and 20 cm. Both of them radiate like black
bodies. When the space between them is evacuated and the temperatures are 300 K and 301 K, their rate
of heat exchange is W. Now the space is between them is filled with a material of thermal conductivity
K such the rate of heat exchange is still W. What is the value of K (in W/mK).
17
(Take : s = × 10–8 W/m2K4)
3
80. The specific heat capacity of metals at very low temperatures is approximately proportional to the absolute
temperature c = a.T, where the proportionality constant a is characteristic of the material). In a very well
insulated chamber of a cryogenic laboratory, two pieces of different metals of different mass are placed
such that they came into contact. The initial temperature of one of them (denoted by A) is 1.0 K, whilst that
of the other (B) is 3.0 K, and the final common temperature is 2.0 K. What will the final common temperature
(in K) be if the initial temperature values of the metals are TA = 1.5K and TB = 2.5K ?
SECTION-III
Numerical Grid Type (Ranging from 0 to 9) 7 Q. [4 M (0)]
81. A paddle wheel frictionally adds thermal energy to 5.0 moles of an ideal monatomic gas in a sealed
insulated container. The paddle wheel is driven by a cord connected to a falling object as shown in the
drawing. The 2.0-kg object has fallen a distance of X meter when the temperature of the gas increases by
X
10.0 K. Value of is (round off to the nearest integer) (Neglect any losses and kinetic energy of paddle.)
4
82. A cylinder of ice is made inside an insulated cup as shown. The bottom of cup is a plate of thermal conductivity
3.35 W/mK. It's other side is at 100°C. Density of ice = 0.9 gm/cc, density of water = 1 gm/cc. What is the
1
downward speed v of the top surface (in mm/s). L = 3.35 × 105 J/kg. Fill in OMR sheet.
v
20cm
ice
1m at
0°C
1mm
T=100°C
83. Ram acquired a very high-quality thermos (a vessel that eliminates the heat exchange of contents with
the environment) with a capacity of 55 cc, the heat capacity of the walls of which is 42 J / K. Initial the
temperature of the walls of the empty thermos is 20° C (same as that of the room). Ram successively
pours 1 g into a thermos water at a temperature of 1°C, then 2 g of water at 2°C, then 3 g of water at 3°C
... and so on until the filling of the thermos. What will be the steady temperature (in °C) of the contents
of the thermos? Water is assumed to have a constant density of 1 gm/cc. (SW = 4200 J/kg K)
84. Three spheres of radius 0.1 m each are painted black. They are kept on a straight line such that distance
between two successive spheres are 100 m and 300 m. They are in vacuum. If the temperature of left
most sphere is maintained at 200 K & rightmost at 300 K. What is the steady state temperature of sphere
(in K) in between.
200K T 300K
100m 300m
85. The blood plays an important role in removing heat from the body by bringing this energy directly to the
surface where it can radiate away. Nevertheless, this heat must still travel through the skin before it can
radiate away. Assume that the blood is brought to the bottom layer of skin at 37.0°C and that the outer
surface of the skin is at 30.0°C. Skin varies in thickness from 0.50 mm to a few millimeters on the palms
and soles, so assume an average thickness of 0.75 mm. A 165-lb, 6-ft-tall person has a surface area of
about 2.0 m2 and loses heat at a net rate of 75 W while resting. On the basis of our assumptions, what is
the thermal conductivity (in 10–3 W/mK) of this person's skin ?
86. As shown in figure, there is a thick spherical shell with the walls coated with 'lamp black'. A point
source which generates thermal energy at a constant rate 'P' is placed at the centre S of the shell. Derive
an expression for the temperature T at point X in steady state, where SX = 1.5 R. Your expression
would be as follows :
1/ 4
æ P ö æ P ö
T =ç 2 ÷
+ç ÷.
è s16pR ø è 3xpKR ø
Here K is the coefficient of thermal conductivity of material of shell and s is Stefen's constant. Find the
value of x.
R
S
X
2R
87. A certain planet of radius R is composed of a uniform material that, through radioactive decay, generates
DQ r3
a net power P such that heat per second = P 3 , where r is radial distance from centre. This results
Dt R
in a temperature differential between the inside and outside of the planet as heat is transferred from the
interior to the surface. The rate of heat transfer inside is governed by conduction. It is found that thermal
conductivity k is constant for the planet. For the following assume that the planet is in a steady state;
temperature might depend on position, but does not depend on time. (Assuming black body radiation,
and emissivity is 1) Find an expression for the temperature difference between the surface of the planet
sR m TSn
(TS) and the centre of the planet (TC). If your answer is DT = fill value of (m + n + l)
lk
SECTION-I
Single Correct Answer Type 26 Q. [3 M (–1)]
1. Ans. (A) 2. Ans. (C) 3. Ans. (A) 4. Ans. (A)
5. Ans. (B) 6. Ans. (C) 7. Ans. (A) 8. Ans. (B)
9. Ans. (B) 10. Ans. (C) 11. Ans. (D) 12. Ans. (B)
13. Ans. (C) 14. Ans. (B) 15. Ans. (A) 16. Ans. (A)
17. Ans. (B) 18. Ans. (C) 19. Ans. (A) 20. Ans. (C)
21. Ans. (B) 22. Ans. (D) 23. Ans. (C) 24. Ans. (B)
25. Ans. (C) 26. Ans. (A)
Multiple Correct Answer Type 23 Q. [4 M (–1)]
27. Ans. (A,B,D) 28. Ans. (A,B, C) 29. Ans. (B,C) 30. Ans. (C, D) 31. Ans. (A,B,C)
32. Ans. (B,C) 33. Ans. (A,B) 34. Ans. (A,C) 35. Ans. (B,C,D) 36. Ans. (A, B)
37. Ans. (A,D) 38. Ans. (C,D) 39. Ans. (B,C) 40. Ans. (A,C) 41. Ans. (B,C)
42. Ans. (A,B,D) 43. Ans. (A, C) 44. Ans. (A,B) 45. Ans. (A,C) 46. Ans. (A,C)
47. Ans. (A, C) 48. Ans. (A, C) 49. Ans. (A, B)
Linked Comprehension Type (1 Para × 4Q., 1 Para × 3Q., 3 Para × 2Q.) [3 M (-1)]
(Single Correct Answer Type)
50. Ans. (D) 51. Ans. (B) 52. Ans. (A) 53. Ans. (D) 54. Ans. (D)
55. Ans. (C) 56. Ans. (B) 57. Ans. (A) 58. Ans. (B) 59. Ans. (A)
60. Ans. (B) 61. Ans. (C) 62. Ans. (B)
Matching list based comprehension Type (4 × 4 × 4) 1 Table × 3 Q. [3(–1)]
Single option correct (Three Columns and Four Rows)
63. Ans. (D) 64. Ans. (A) 65. Ans. (C)
Matching List Type (4 × 4) 1 Q. [3 M (–1)]
66. Ans. (D)
SECTION-II (i)
Linked Comprehension Type (1 Para × 2Q.) [3 M
(0)]
(upto second decimal place)
67. Ans. 40.00 68. Ans. 60.00
SECTION-II (ii)
Numerical Answer Type Question 12 Q. [3(0)]
(upto second decimal place)
69. Ans. 125.60 to 125.75 70. Ans. 1.18 to 1.19 71. Ans. 580.00 72. Ans. 6.25
73. Ans. 0.20 74. Ans. 1.60 - 1.70 75. Ans. 10.00 76. Ans. 506.66 to 506.67
77. Ans. 2.75 78. Ans. 1180.00 79. Ans. 0.30 to 0.31 80. Ans. 1.93 to 1.94
SECTION-III
Numerical Grid Type (Ranging from 0 to 9) 7 Q. [4 M (0)]
81. Ans. 8 82. Ans. 9 83. Ans. 9 84. Ans. 5
85. Ans. 4 86. Ans. 8 87. Ans. 7