0% found this document useful (0 votes)
28 views5 pagesExponential Functions - 2
Math Worksheet
Uploaded by
ajay.pupil28Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
28 views5 pagesExponential Functions - 2
Math Worksheet
Uploaded by
ajay.pupil28Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 5
EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS AND LOGARITHMS (Chapter 16) 391
[NINE EXPONENTIAL FuNcTioNs
An exponential funetion is a funetion in which the variable occurs as part of the index or
exponent.
The simplest exponential functions have the
form f(x) = a® where a is a positive >
constant, a # 1,
For example, graphs of the exponential 9(x)=27* f(a"
functions
f(z) =2" and g(x) = (4)"=2°7
are shown alongside.
All graphs of the form f(x) = a® where a is a positive constant, a # 1
. tal asymptote
© pass through (0, 1) since f(0) =a =1
For the function f(x)=3-2-, find: a f(0) 6 f(3)
b F(3)=3-2°% «© f(-2
=3-4
=2f
EXERCISE 16€
1 If f(e)=3" +2, find the value of a (0) & F(2) © f(-1)
®t sa) =5-*—3, find the value of, — a F(0) ’ FQ) © f(-2)
2, find the value of: a (0) b 9(4) «© 9(-1)
a Complete the table of values shown for 713727410 21
the function f(x) 7
bb Use the table of values in a to graph y = f(r)
© On the same set of axes and without a table of values, graph:
' y=—f(z) fl y= f(-2) y= f(x) iv y= 2f(a)392__ EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS AND LOGARITHMS _(Chapter 16)
5 a Click on the icon to obtain a printable graph of | y = 2%.
Use the graph to estimate, to one decimal place, the value of:
i 27 ii 8 i 2-98, Fr
b Check your estimates in a using the [A] key on your calculator,
€ Use the graph to estimate, correct to one decimal place, the solution of the equation:
i =5 15
@ Find the image of:
a y=2* under the translation (3)
2
2)
© y=2* under:
| a reflection in the x-axis fia reflection in the y-axis
la reflection in the line y = 2.
do y=3" under:
| a vertical dilation with factor 2 {i a horizontal dilation with factor 5.
b y=3® under the translation (
(explain why (—2)* is undefined for some real numbers 2.
R> Consider the exponential equation 3°
Since 31 =3 and 3? =9, the solution for « must lie between 1 and 2.
A graphics calculator can be used to solve this equation by drawing the graphs of
and finding their point of intersection. To find out how to do this,
y=3* and y
consult the instructions on pages 21 to 24
Altematively, click on the icon to obtain a graphing package. GRAPHING
PACKAGE
™ to do: —-—
Draw the graph of _ y= 3".
2 Estimate x when y = 6, On your calculator you can do this using
trace,
Draw the graph of y=6_ on the same set of axes.
‘4 Check your estimate in 2 by finding the coordinates of the point of intersection of
the graphs.
5. Solve for «, correct to 3 decimal places:
a 3°=10 b 3° =30 © 3 =100
d2=122 e 57=40 f 7 =42
If using a calculator you may have to change the viewing window scales.EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS AND LOGARITHMS (Chapter 16) 393
E) GROWTH ano Decay
In this section we will examine situations where quantities are either increasing or decreasing
exponentially, These situations are known as growth and decay, and occur frequently in the
world around us,
For example, under favourable conditions the populations of animals and bacteria will grow
exponentially. Radioactive substances and items that depreciate usually decay exponentially.
GROWTH
Under favourable conditions, a population of rabbits will grow exponentially.
Suppose the population is given by P= 100 x 2! where ¢ is the time in months.
We can use this relationship to answer questions about the rabbit population. For example,
to find the population after 6 months, we substitute 6.5 and find
P= 100x265
= 9051 rabbits. {100 65
Clearly, the population cannot continue to grow exponentially in the long term because
eventually the rabbits will run out of food. Nevertheless, an exponential model is valuable
and accurate in the short term.
During a locust plague, the area of land eaten is given by A = 8000x 2°" hectares
where n is the number of weeks after the initial observation.
a Find the size of the area initially eaten.
b Find the size of the area eaten after: | 4 weeks i 7 weeks.
© Use a and b to draw a sketch graph of A against n.
a Initially, n A= 8000 x 2°
A = 8000 hectares
b i When n=4,
