CAMBRIDGE COURT WORLD SCHOOL

XII
Physics
Moving charges and magnetism Revision sheet
1. A rectangular loop of sides 10 cm and 5 cm carrying a current I of 12 A is placed in different orientations as shown
in the figures below:

If there is a uniform magnetic field of 0.3 T in the positive z-direction, in which orientations the loop would be in (i)
stable equilibrium and (ii) unstable equilibrium?
(a) (A) and (B), respectively (b) (A) and (C), respectively
(c) (B) and (D), respectively (d) (B) and (C), respectively

2. A long straight wire of radius a carries a steady current . The current is uniformly distributed over its cross-section.
The ratio of the magnetic fields B and B’ at radial distances and 2a respectively, from the axis of the wire is
(a) (b) (c) (d)

3. When a charged particle moving with velocity is subjected to a magnetic field of induction B, the force on it is
non-zero. This implies that
(a) angle between is either zero or 180°
(b) angle between is necessarily 90°
(c) angle between can have any value other than 90°
(d) angle between can have any value other than zero and 180°

4. Consider the following two statements about the Oersted's experiment.

Statement P: The magnetic field due to a straight current carrying conductor is in the form of circular loops around it.
Statement Q: The magnetic field due to a current carrying conductor is weak at near points from the conductor,
compared to the far points.
(a) Both P and Q are true (b) Both P and Q are false
(c) P is true, but Q is false (d) P is false, but Q is true

5. The magnetic field ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ due to small current element ⃗⃗⃗ at a distance and element-carrying current is
( ⃗⃗⃗⃗ ) (⃗⃗⃗⃗ )
(a) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ (b) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
(⃗⃗⃗⃗ ) (⃗⃗⃗⃗ )
(c) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ (d) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

6. Two concentric and coplanar circles loops P and Q have their radii in the ratio 2:3. Loop Q carries a current 9 A in
the anticlockwise direction. For the magnetic field to be zero at the common center, lust P must carry
(a) 3 A in clockwise direction (b) 9 A in clockwise direction
(c) 6 A in anticlockwise direction (d) 6 A in clockwise direction

7. Two charged particles traverse identical helical paths in a completely opposite sense in a uniform magnetic field
⃗ ̂.
(a) They have equal z-components of momenta
(b) They must have equal charges
(c) They necessarily represent a particle, anti-particle pair
(d) The charge to mass ratio satisfy :( ) ( )
8. A long straight wire of circular cross-section of radius a carries a steady current I. The current is uniformly
distributed across its cross-section. The ratio of the magnitudes of magnetic field at a point a/2 above the surface of
wire to that at a point distant a/2 below its surface is
(a) 4:1 (b) 1:1 (c) 4:3 (d) 3:4

9. Biot-Savart law indicates that the moving electrons (velocity ) produce a magnetic field B such that
(a) B is perpendicular to (b) B is parallel to
(c) it obeys inverse cube law (d) it is along the line joining the electron and point of observation

10. An electron is projected with uniform velocity along the axis of a current carrying long solenoid. Which of the
following is true?
(a) The electron will be accelerated along the axis
(b) The electron path will be circular about the axis
(c) The electron will experience a force at 45° to the axis and hence execute a helical path
(d) The electron will continue to move with uniform velocity along the axis of the solenoid

11. A micro-ammeter has a resistance of 100 W and a full scale range of 50 mA. It can be used as a higher range
ammeter or voltmeter provided resistance is added to it. Pick the correct range and resistance combinations.
(a) 50 V range and 10 kW resistance in series (b) 10 V range and 200 kW resistance in series
(c) 5 mA range with 1 W resistance in parallel (d) 10 mA range with 1 W resistance in parallel.

12. A thick current carrying wire of radius ‘R’ carries current ‘I’ uniformly distributed across its cross section. The
variation of magnetic field B(r) due to the cable with the distance ‘r’ from the axis of the cable is represented by

13. A circular current loop of magnetic moment M is in an arbitrary orientation in an external magnetic field B. The
work done to rotate the loop by 30° about an axis perpendicular to its plane is
(a) (b) √ (c) (d) zero

14. A current carrying loop is placed in a uniform magnetic field. The torque acting on it does not depend upon the
(a) shape of the loop (b) area of the loop (c) value of current (d) magnetic field

15. A circular coil of 50 turns and radius 7 cm is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 4 T normal to the plane of the
coil. If the current in the coil is 6 A then total torque acting on the coil is
(a) 14.78 N (b) 0 N (c) 7.39 N (d) 3.69 N

16. What is the net force on the rectangular coil?

(a) towards wire (b) away from wire

(c) towards wire (d) away from wire

17. The sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer increases with the decrease in:
(a) number of turns (b) area of coil (c) magnetic field (d) torsional rigidity

18. A voltmeter of range 2V and resistance 300 Ω cannot be converted to an ammeter of range:
(a) 5 mA (b) 8 mA (c) 1 A (d) 10 A

19. In an ammeter 4% of the mains current is passing through galvanometer. If the galvanometer is shunted with a 5 Ω
resistance, then resistance of galvanometer will be
(a) 116 Ω (b) 117 Ω (c) 118 Ω (d) 120 Ω

20. A rectangular coil of length 0.12 m and width 0.1 m having 50 turns of wire is suspended vertically in a uniform
magnetic field of strength 0.2 Weber/m2. The coil carries a current of 2 A. If the plane of the coil is inclined at an angle
of 30° with the direction of the field, the torque required to keep the coil in stable equilibrium will be
(a) 0.24 Nm (b) 0.12 Nm (c) 0.15 Nm (d) 0.20 Nm

21. The current sensitivity of a galvanometer increases by 20%. If its resistance also increase by 25%, the voltage
sensitivity will
(a) decrease by 1% (b) increase by 5% (c) increase by 10% (d) decrease by 4%

Assertion/Reason
1. Assertion (A): Motion of electron around a positively charged nucleus is different from the motion of a planet
around the sun.
Reason (R): The force acting in both the cases is same in nature.

2. Assertion (A): When a magnetic dipole is placed in a non-uniform magnetic field, only a torque acts on the dipole.
Reason (R): Force would not act on dipole if magnetic field were non uniform.

3. Assertion (A): Two parallel conducting wires carrying currents in same direction, come close to each other.
Reason (R): Parallel currents attract and anti-parallel currents repel.

4. Assertion (A): Magnetic field lines always form closed loops.

Reason (R): Moving charges or currents produce a magnetic field.

5. Assertion (A): Galvanometer cannot as such be used as an ammeter to measure the value of the current in a given
circuit.
Reason (R): It gives a full-scale deflection for a current of the order of micro ampere.

6. Assertion (A): A galvanometer can be used as an ammeter to measure the current across a given section of the
circuit.
Reason (R): For this it must be connected in series with the circuit.

7. Assertion (A): Magnetic lines of force form continuous closed loops whereas electric lines of force do not.
Reason (R): Magnetic poles always occur in pairs as north pole and south pole.

8. Assertion (A): Magnetic field is caused by current element.

(⃗⃗⃗⃗ )
Reason (R): Magnetic field due to a current element ⃗⃗⃗ is ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ .

9. Assertion (A): An electron moving along the direction of magnetic field experiences no force.
Reason (R): The force on electron moving along the direction of magnetic field is .

10. Assertion(A): The centripetal force on the test charge is , where is the velocity of a particle and B is the
magnetic field.
Reason (R): When a charged particle is fired at right angles to the magnetic field, the radius of its circular path is
directly proportional to the kinetic energy of the particle.
11. Assertion (A): Magnetic field due to an infinite straight conductor varies inversely as the distance from it.
Reason (R): The magnetic field due to a straight conductor is in the form of concentric circles.

12. Assertion (A): A rectangular current loop is in an arbitrary orientation in an external uniform magnetic field. No
work is required to rotate the loop about an axis perpendicular to the plane of loop.
Reason (R): All positions represent the same level of energy.

13. Assertion (A): If a proton and an α-particle enter a uniform magnetic field perpendicularly with the same speed, the
time period of revolution of α-particle is double than that of proton.
Reason (R): In a magnetic field, the period of revolution of a charged particle is directly proportional to the mass of the
particle and inversely proportional to the charge of the particle.

14. Assertion (A): A charged particle is moving in a circular path under the action of a uniform magnetic field. During
the motion, kinetic energy of the charged particle is constant.
Reason (R): During the motion, magnetic force acting on the particle is perpendicular to instantaneous velocity.

15. Assertion (A): The magnetic field at the ends of a very long current carrying solenoid is half of that at the center.
Reason (R): If the solenoid is sufficiently long, the field within it is uniform.

16. Assertion (A): The voltage sensitivity may not necessarily increase on increasing the current sensitivity.
Reason (R): Current sensitivity increases on increasing the number of turns of the coil.

Subjective
1. A straight horizontal conducting rod of length 0.45 m and mass 60 g is suspended by two vertical wires at its ends. A
current of 5.0 A is set up in the rod through the wires.
(a) What magnetic field should be set up normal to the conductor in order that the tension in the wires is zero?
(b) What will be the total tension in the wires if the direction of current is reversed, keeping the magnetic field same as
before? (Neglect the mass of wires, g = 9.8 m/s2).

2. In a chamber a uniform magnetic field of 6.5 G (1 G =10–4 T) is maintained. An electron is shot into the field with a
speed of 4.8×106 ms–1 normal to the field. Explain why the path of electron is a circle. Determine the radius of the
circular orbit. (e =1.6×10–19 C, m = 9.1 × 10–31 kg).

3. A circular coil of 20 turns and radius 10 cm is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.10 T normal to the plane of the
coil. If the current in the coil is 5.0 A, what is the
(a) total torque on the coil?
(b) total force on the coil?
(c) average force on each electron in the coil due to the magnetic field?
[The coil is made of copper wire of cross-sectional area 10–5 m2 and the free electron density in copper is given to be
about 1029 m–3].

4. Two moving coil meters M1 and M2 have the following particulars:

R1 = 10 Ω, N1 = 30, A1 = 3.6 × 10–3 m2, B1 = 0.25 T,
R2 = 14 Ω, N2 = 42, A2 = 1.8 × 10–3 m2, B2 = 0.50 T
(The spring constants are identical for the two meters). Determine the ratio of (a) current sensitivity and (b) voltage
sensitivity of M1 and M2.

5. (i) Write the expression, in a vector form, for the Lorentz magnetic force due to a charge moving with velocity in
a magnetic field ⃗ What is the direction of the magnetic force?
(ii) A long straight wire carries a steady current along the positive -axis in a coordinate system. A particle of charge
+Q is moving with a velocity along the X-axis. In which direction will the particle experience a force?
(iii) A neutron, an electron and an alpha particle moving with equal velocities, enter a uniform magnetic field going
into the plane of the paper as shown. Trace their paths in the field and justify your answer.
6. A narrow beam of protons and deuterons, each having the same momentum, enters a region of uniform magnetic
field directed perpendicular to their direction of momentum. What would be the ratio of the circular paths described by
them?

7. Write the expression for Lorentz magnetic force on a particle of charge ‘ ’ moving with velocity in a magnetic
field . Show that no work is done by this force on the charged particle.

8. A long straight wire AB carries a current of 4 A. A proton P travels at 4 × 106 ms–1 parallel to the wire 0.2 m from it
and in a direction opposite to the current as shown in the figure. Calculate the force which the magnetic field due to the
current carrying wire exerts on the proton. Also specify its direction.

9. A magnetised needle of magnetic moment 4.8 × 10–2 JT–1 is placed at 30° with the direction of uniform magnetic
field of magnitude 3 × 10–2 T. Calculate the torque acting on the needle.

10. State two reasons why a galvanometer cannot be used as such to measure current in any given circuit.

11. Write any two important points of similarities and differences each between Coulomb’s law for the electrostatic
field and Biot-Savart’s law for the magnetic field.

12. A proton, a deuteron and an alpha particle, are accelerated through the same potential difference and then subjected
to a uniform magnetic field ⃗ , perpendicular to the direction of their motions. Compare (i) their kinetic energies, and
(ii) if the radius of the circular path described by proton is 5 cm, determine the radii of the paths described by deuteron
and alpha particle.

13. (i) A point charge moving with speed enters a uniform magnetic field that is acting into the plane of the paper
as shown. What is the path followed by the charge and in which plane does it move?

(ii) How does the path followed by the charge get affected if its velocity has a component parallel to ⃗ ?
(iii) If an electric field ⃗ is also applied such that the particle continues moving along the original straight line path,
what should be the magnitude and direction of the electric field ?

14. A circular coil of ‘N’ turns and diameter ‘d’ carries a current ‘I’. It is unwound and rewound to make another coil of
diameter ‘2d’, current ‘I’ remaining the same. Calculate the ratio of the magnetic moments of the new coil and the
original coil.
15. Two small identical circular loops, marked (1) and (2), carrying equal currents, are placed with the geometrical axes
perpendicular to each other as shown in the figure. Find the magnitude and direction of the net magnetic field produced
at the point O.

16. Two identical coils P and Q each of radius R are lying in perpendicular planes such that they have a common
centre. Find the magnitude and direction of magnetic field at the common centre of the two coils, if they carry currents
equal to I and √ I respectively.

17. Two identical circular loops, and , each of radius r and carrying currents and respectively are lying in
parallel planes such that they have a common axis. The direction of current in both the loops is clockwise as seen from
which is equidistant from the both loops. Find the magnitude of the net magnetic field at point .

18. (a) An electron moving horizontally with a velocity of 4 × 104 m/s enters a region of uniform magnetic field of 10–5
T acting vertically upward as shown in the figure. Draw its trajectory and find out the time it takes to come out of the
region of magnetic field.
(b) A straight wire of mass 200 g and length 1.5 m carries a current of 2A. It is suspended in mid air by a uniform
magnetic field B. What is the magnitude of the magnetic field?

19. (a) (i) A circular loop of area carrying a current I is placed in a uniform magnetic field ⃗ . Write the expression
for the torque acting on it in a vector form.
(ii) If the loop is free to turn, what would be its orientation of stable equilibrium? Show that in this orientation, the flux
of net field (external field + the field produced by the loop) is maximum.
(b) State the ampere circuital law. Find out the expression for the magnetic field due to a long solenoid carrying a
current and having number of turns per unit length.

20. The figure shows three infinitely long straight parallel current carrying conductors. Find the (i) magnitude and
direction of the net magnetic field at point A lying on conductor 1, (ii) magnetic force on conductor 2.

21. A wire AB is carrying a steady current of 12 A and is lying on the table. Another wire CD carrying 5 A is held
directly above AB at a height of 1 mm. Find the mass per unit length of the wire CD so that it remains suspended at its
position when left free. Give the direction of the current flowing in CD with respect to that in AB. [Take the value of g
= 10 ms–2].

22. (a) Briefly explain how a galvanometer is converted into an ammeter.

(b) A galvanometer coil has a resistance of 15 Ω and it shows full scale deflection for a current of 4 mA. Convert it into
an ammeter of range 0 to 6 A.

23. (a) Briefly explain how a galvanometer is converted into a voltmeter.

(b) A voltmeter of a certain range is constructed by connecting a resistance of 980 Ω in series with a galvanometer.
When the resistance of 470 Ω is connected in series, the range gets halved. Find the resistance of the galvanometer.

24. A multirange voltmeter can be constructed by using a galvanometer circuit as shown in the figure. We want to
construct a voltmeter that can measure 2 V, 20 V and 200 V using a galvanometer of resistance 10 Ω and that produces
maximum deflection for current of 1 mA. Find the value of R1, R2 and R3 that have to be used.

25. (i) State Biot-savart law. Derive an expression for the magnetic field at a point on the axis of a current carrying
circular loop.
(ii) Two co-axial circular loops L1 and L2 of radii 3 cm and 4 cm are placed as shown. What should be the magnitude
and direction of the current in the loop L2 so that the net magnetic field at the point O be zero?

26. Two long straight parallel conductors carry steady current I1 and I2 separated by a distance d. If the currents are
flowing in the same direction, show how the magnetic field set up in one produces an attractive force on the other.
Obtain the expression for this force. Hence define one ampere.

27. Deduce the expression for the torque acting on a planar loop of area and carrying current I placed in a uniform
magnetic field ⃗ . If the loop is free to rotate, what would be its orientation in stable equilibrium?

28. (a) Draw the labeled diagram of a moving coil galvanometer. Prove that in a radial magnetic field, the deflection of
the coil is directly proportional to the current flowing in the coil.
(b) Answer the following:
(i) Why is it necessary to introduce a cylindrical soft iron core inside the coil of a galvanometer?
(ii) Increasing the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may not necessarily increase its voltage sensitivity. Explain,
giving reason.

29. A galvanometer of resistance G is converted into a voltmeter to measure upto V volts by connecting a resistance R1
in series with the coil. If a resistance R2 is connected in series with it, then it can measure upto volts. Find the
resistance, in terms of R1 and R2, required to be connected to convert it into a voltmeter that can read upto 2V. Also find
the resistance G of the galvanometer in terms of R1 and R2.

30. Two long straight parallel wires A and B separated by a distance , carry equal current flowing in same direction
as shown in the figure.

(a) Find the magnetic field at a point P situated between them at a distance x from one wire.
(b) How graphically the variation of the magnetic field with distance for .
31. An alpha particle is projected with velocity ( ) ̂ into a region in which magnetic field ⃗
[ ̂ ̂] Calculate the acceleration of the particle in the region. ̂ ̂ ̂ are unit vectors along and
axis respectively and charge to mass ratio for alpha particle is .

32. A wire of length is in the form of a circular loop of one turn. This loop is reshaped into loop of three turns.
Find the ratio of the magnetic fields at the centers of loop and loop for the same current through them.

Answers(MCQ)
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (d) 11. (b, c) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (a) 17. (d) 18.
(a) 19. (d) 20. (d) 21. (d)

Answers
1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (c) 11. (b) 12. (a) 13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (b)