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MECA 321 - PS 11

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15 views

MECA 321 - PS 11

Uploaded by

raoof Elmahdy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials

İstanbul Bilgi University


Mechatronics Engineering Department

Instructor: Mehmet Ayyıldız

Chapter #: 8
TRANSFORMATION OF
STRESS AND STRAIN

Slides may include material from:


• Beer, Ferdinand P. Mechanics of Materials. Seventh edition, McGraw-Hill
Education, 2015.
• Hibbeler, R. C. Mechanics of Materials. Ninth edition, Prentice Hall, 2013.
EXAMPLE

A cylindrical pressure vessel has an inner diameter of 1.2 m and a


thickness of 12 mm.
• Determine the maximum internal pressure it can sustain so that
neither its circumferential nor its longitudinal stress component
exceeds 140 MPa.
• Under the same conditions, what is the maximum internal
pressure that a similar-size spherical vessel can sustain?

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 2


EXAMPLE

Solutions
• The maximum stress occurs in the circumferential direction.

pr
s1 =
t
p(600)
140 =
12
p = 2.8 N/mm 2 = 28 MPa (Ans)
1
•The stress in the longitudinal direction will be s 2 = (140) = 70 MPa
2

•The maximum stress in the radial direction occurs on the material at


the inner wall of the vessel and is

s 3(max) = p = 28 MPa

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 3


EXAMPLE

Solutions
• The maximum stress occurs in any two perpendicular directions
on an element of the vessel is

pr
s2 =
2t
p (600)
140 =
2(12 )
p = 5.6 N/mm2 = 5.6 MPa (Ans)

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 4


EXAMPLE

A force of 15 kN is applied to the edge of the member shown in Fig.


8–3a. Neglect the weight of the member and determine the state of
stress at points B and C.

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 5


EXAMPLE

Solutions
• For equilibrium at the section there must be an axial force of 15
000 N acting through the centroid and a bending moment of 750
000 N•mm about the centroidal or principal axis.

P 15000
s= = = 3.75 MPa
A (100)(40 )

• The maximum stress is


Mc 75000(50 )
s max = = = 11.25 MPa
I 1
(40)(100)3
12

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 6


EXAMPLE

Solutions
• The location of the line of zero stress can be determined by
proportional triangles
75 15
=
x (100 - x )
x = 33.3 mm

• Elements of material at B and C are subjected only to normal or


uniaxial stress.
s B = 7.5 MPa (tension) (Ans)
s C = 15 MPa (compression) (Ans)

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 7


EXAMPLE

The member shown in Fig. 8–5a has a rectangular cross section.


Determine the state of stress that the loading produces at point C.

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 8


EXAMPLE

Solutions
• The resultant internal loadings at the section consist of a normal
force, a shear force, and a bending moment.

• Solving, N = 16.45 kN, V = 21.93 kN, M = 32.89 kN

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 9


EXAMPLE

Solutions
• The uniform normal-stress distribution acting over the cross
section is produced by the normal force.

P 16.45 103
• At Point C, s c = =
( )
= 1.32 MPa
A (0.05)(0.25)

• In Fig. 8–5e, the shear stress is zero.

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 10


EXAMPLE

Solutions
• Point C is located at y = c = 0.125m from the neutral axis, so the
normal stress at C, Fig. 8–5f, is

sc = =
( ( ))
Mc 32.89 10 3 (0.125)
= 63.16 MPa
I 1
[
2 (0.05 )(0.25 )
3
]

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 11


EXAMPLE

Solutions
• The shear stress is zero.

• Adding the normal stresses determined above gives a


compressive stress at C having a value of

Mc
sc = = 1.32 + 63.16 = 64.5 MPa
I

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 12


EXAMPLE

The rectangular block of negligible weight in Fig. 8–6a is subjected


to a vertical force of 40 kN, which is applied to its corner. Determine
the largest normal stress acting on a section through ABCD.

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 13


EXAMPLE

Solutions
• For uniform normal-stress distribution the stress is

P 40
s= = = 125 kPa
A (0.8)(0.4)

• For 8 kN, the maximum stress is


M x cx 8(0.2)
s max = = = 375 kPa
Ix [
12 (0.8)(0.4)
1 3
]
• For 16 kN, the maximum stress is

M y cx 16(0.4 )
s max = = = 375 kPa
Iy [
12 (0.4 )(0.8)
1 3
]
2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 14
EXAMPLE

Solutions
• By inspection the normal stress at point C is the largest since each
loading creates a compressive stress there

s c = -125 - 375 - 375 = -875 kPa (Ans)

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 15


Concept Application 8.1

Two forces P1 and P2, with a magnitude of P1 =15 kN and P2 =18kN, are applied as shown in Fig.
8.21a to the end A of bar AB, which is welded to a cylindrical member BD of radius c=20 mm.
Knowing that the distance from A to the axis of member BD is a = 50 mm and assuming that
all stresses remain below the proportional limit of the material, determine (a) the normal
and shearing stresses at point K of the transverse section of member BD located at a distance
b = 60 mm from end B, (b) the principal axes and principal stresses at K, and (c) the maximum
shearing stress at K.

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 16


Concept Application 8.1

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 17


Concept Application 8.1

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 18


Concept Application 8.1

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 19


Concept Application 8.1

2020-2021 Fall MECA 321 - Mechanics of Materials 20

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