15

AREAS RELATED TO CIRCLES

15.1 INTRODUCTION

In earlier classes, we have studied methods of finding perimeters and areas of

simple plane figures such as rectangles, squares, parallelograms, triangles and
circles. In our daily life, we come across many objects which are related to circular
shape in some form or the other. For example, cycle wheels, wheel arrow, drain
cover, bangles, brooches, flower beds, circular paths etc. That is why the problem
of finding perimeters and areas related to circular figures is of great practical
importance. In this chapter, we shall discuss problems on finding the areas of the
two special parts of a circular region known as sector and segment of a circle. We
shall also discuss problems on finding the areas of some combinations of plane
figures involving circles or parts of circles. Let us first recall the concepts related
to the perimeter and area of a circle.

15.2 REVIEW OF PERIMETER AND AREA OF A CIRCLE

A circle is the locus of a point which moves in a plane in such a way that its
distance front a fixed point always remains same.

The fixed point is called the centre and the given constant distance is known as
the radius of the circle.

The perimeter of a circle is generally known as its circumference.

We know that circumference of a circle bears a constant ratio with its diameter.
This constant ratio is denoted by the Greek letter it (read as 'pi'). Thus, if C
denotes the circumference of a circle of radius r. Then,
⟹
Cicumference C
π= π= ⟹ C=2 πr
Diameter 2r

Here 𝜋 stands for a particular irrational number whose approximate value upto
22
two decimal place is 3.14 or 7 . The value of π upto four places of decimal is
3.1416 and up to eight decimal places its value is 3.14159265. For practical
purposes, we generally take the value of 𝜋 as 7 ∨3.14 approximately.
22

If r is the radius of a circle, then

(i) Circumference = 2𝜋r or 𝜋d , where d = 2r is the diameter of the circle.

(ii) Area =𝜋r 2 or, 𝜋

2 2
d πr
(iii) Area of semi-circle =
4 2
2
πr
(iv) Area of a quadrant of a circle =
4

AREA ENCLOSED BY TWO CONCENTRIC CIRLES If R and r are radii of two con-
centric circles, then

Area enclosed by the two circles = 𝜋R2 −¿ 𝜋r2

= (R2 −¿ r2) = 𝜋 (R + r) (R −¿ r)

Some useful results:

(i) If two circles touch internally, then the distance between their centres is equal
to the difference of their radii.

(ii) If two circles touch externally, then the distance between their centres is equal
to the sum of their radii.

(iii) Distance moved by a rotating wheel in one revolution is equal to the

circumference of the wheel.

(iv) The number of revolutions completed by a rotating wheel in one minute

Distance moved∈one minute
= Circumference

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES

EXAMPLE 1 Find the circumference and area of a circle of radius 8.4 cm.

given by C = 2𝜋r and A = 𝜋r2 respectively.

SOLUTION We know that the circumference C and area A of a circle of radius r are

Here, r = 8.4 cm.

∴
22
C= Circumference = 2𝜋r = 2× 7 × 8.4cm = 52.8cm

A = Area = 𝜋r2 = 7 × 8.4 × 8.4 cm2 = 221.76 cm2

22

EXAMPLE 2 Find the area of a circle whose circumference is 22 cm.

SOLUTION Let r be the radius of the circle. Then,

Circumference = 22 cm

⟹ 2𝜋r =22⟹ 2× 7 × r =22 ⟹ r = 2 cm

22 7

∴ Area of the circle = 𝜋r2 = 7 × 2 × 2 c m = 38.5cm2

22 7 7 2
EXAMPLE 3 Find the area of a quadrant of a circle whose circumference is 22 cm.
SOLUTION Let r be the radius of the circle. Then,

Circumference = 22 cm

⟹ 2𝜋r = 22 ⟹ 2× 7 × r=22 ⟹ r= 2 cm
22 7

∴ { ( ) }cm
2
1 1 22 7
Area of a quadrant = 4 πr 2 = 4 × 7 2 2

{
1 22 7 7 77
}
Area of quadrant = 4 × 7 × 2 × 2 cm2 = 8 cm2 = 9.625cm2

diameter of the protractor (Take 𝜋 = 22/7 ).

EXAMPLE 4 If the perimeter of a semi-circular protractor is 108 cm, find the

SOLUTION Let the radius of the protractor be r cm. Then,

Perimeter =108 cm

⟹
1 1
( 2 πr )+2 r = 108 [∴ Perimeter of a semi-circle = 2 (2𝜋r)]
2

⟹ 𝜋r + 2r = 108 ⟹ 7 ×r+2r = 108 ⟹ 36r = 108 × 7⟹ r =3 x 7

22

= 21

∴ Diameter of the protractor = 2r = (2 x 21) cm = 42 cm

EXAMPLE 5 The circumference of a circle exceeds the diameter by 16.8 cm. Find
the radius of the circle.

SOLUTION Let the radius of the circle be r cm. Then,

Diameter = 2r cm and Circumference = 2𝜋r cm

It is given that the circumference exceeds the diameter by 16.8 cm

∴ Circumference = Diameter + 16.8

⟹ 2𝜋r = 2r + 16.8
⟹ 2× 7 × r=2 r +16.8 [ ]
22 22
∵π=
7

⟹ 44r = 14r + 16.8 ×7

Hence, radius = 3.92 cm

EXAMPLE 6 Two circles touch externally. The sum of their areas is 130 𝜋. sq. cm.
and the distance between their centres is 14 cm. Find the radii of the circles.

SOLUTION If two circles touch externally, then the distance between their centres
is equal to the sum of their radii.

Let the radii of the two circles be r1,cm and r2,cm respectively.

Let C1, and C2 be the centres of the given circles. Then,

C1,C2, = r1, + r2,

⟹
⟹
14 = r1, + r2
[ ∵ C1 C2 =14 cm(given)] r1, + r2 = 14
…(i)

to 130 𝜋 cm2.
It is given that the sum of the areas of two circles is equal

∴ 𝜋r 1 + πr 2 = 130𝜋
2 2

⟹ r 1 + r 2 = 130 …(ii)
2 2

Now,

(r1, – r2)2 = r12 + r22 +2r1,r2

⟹ 14 =130+2 r 1r2 [ Using ( i )∧(ii)]

2

⟹ 196−130=2r 1r2

⟹ r1r2 = 33 …(iii)

Now,
(r1−¿r2¿2 = r 1 + r 2 −2r1r2 [ Using ( ii )∧(iii )]
2 2

⟹ (r1−¿r2¿2 = 130−2 ×33

⟹ (r1−¿r2¿2 = 64 …
(iv)

⟹ r1−¿r2 = 8

Solving (i) and (iv), we get r1, = 11 cm and r2 = 3 cm.

Hence, the radii of the two circles are 11 cm and 3 cm.

their areas is 116 𝜋 cm2 and distance between their

EXAMPLE 7 Two circles touch internally. The sum of

centres is 6 cm. Find the radii of the circles.

SOLUTION Let R and r be the radii of the circles having

centres at O and O’ respectively.

Then,

Sum of areas =116𝜋 cm2

⟹ 𝜋R2 + 𝜋r2 = 116𝜋

⟹ R2 + r2 = 116 …(i)

Distance between the centres = 6 cm

⟹ OO' = 6cm

⟹ R–r=6 …(ii)

Now,

(R+ r)2 + (R – r) 2 = 2(R2 + r2)

⟹ (R + r)2 + 36 = 2 x 116 [ Using ( i )∧(ii)]

⟹ (R + r)2 = (2 × 116 – 36) = 196
⟹ R + r = 14

Solving (ii) and (iii), we get R = 10 and r = 4. …(iii)

Hence, radii of the given circles are 10 cm and 4 cm respectively.

EXAMPLE 8 A copper wire, when bent in the form of a square, encloses an area of

it. (Use 𝜋 = 22/7 ).

484 cm2. If the same wire is bent in the form of a circle, find the area enclosed by

SOLUTION We have,

Area of the square = 484 cm2

∴ Side of the square√ 484 cm = 22cm [∵Area = (Side)2 ∴ Side = √ Area ¿ ]

So, Perimeter of the square = 4 (side) = (4 × 22) cm = 88 cm

Let r be the radius of the circle. Then,

Circumference of the circle = Perimeter of the square.

2𝜋r = 88

⟹ 2 × 7 × r=88 ⟹ r=14 cm
22

∴ Area of the circle = π r2 = ¿cm2 = 616cm2

EXAMPLE 9 A wire is looped in the form of a circle of radius 28 cm. It is re-bent

into a square form. Determine the length of the side of the square.

SOLUTION We have,

Length of the wire = Circumference of the circle

{
22
Length of the wire = 2× 7 ×28 cm } [ Using C=2 πr ]

Length of the wire = 176 cm …(i)

Let the side of the square be x cm. Then,

Perimeter of the square = Length of the
wire

⟹ 4x = 176
[ Using (i)]

⟹ x = 44 cm

Hence, the length of the side of the square is 44 cm.

EXAMPLE10 A race track is in the form of a ring whose inner circumference is 352
m, and the outer circumference is 396m . Find the width of the track.

SOLUTION Let the outer and inner radii of the ring

be R metres and r metres respectively. Then,

2𝜋R = 396 and 2𝜋r = 352

⟹
22 22
2 × 7 × R=396∧2 × 7 ×r =352

⟹ R = 396 × 22 × 2 ∧r = 352× 22 × 2
7 1 7 1

Hence, width of the track = (R −¿ r) metres

= (63 −¿ 56) metres = 7 metres

EXAMPLE 11 The inner circumference of a circular track is 220 m. The track is 7 m

the rate of Rs 2 per metre. (Use 𝜋 = 22/7)

wide everywhere. Calculate the cost of putting up a fence along the outer circle at

SOLUTION Let the inner and outer radii of the circular track be r metres and R
metres respectively. Then,

Inner circumference = 220 metres

⟹ 2𝜋r= 220⟹ 2 7 ×r = 220 ⟹ r = 35 m

22

Since the track is 7 metre wide everywhere. Therefore,

R = Outer radius = r + 7 = (35 + 7) m = 42 m

∴ Outer circumference = 2𝜋R = 2× 7 × 42m = 264m

22

Rate of fencing = Rs 2 per metre

∴ Total cost of fencing = (Circumference × Rate) = Rs (264 × 2) = Rs 528

EXAMPLE 12 A bicycle wheel makes 5000 revolutions in moving 11 km. Find the
diameter of the wheel.

SOLUTION Let the radius of the wheel be r cm.

Distance covered by the wheel in one

revolution

Distance moved 11 11
= km= ×1000 ×100 cm=220 cm
Number of revolutions 5000 5000

∴ Circumference of the wheel = 220cm

⟹ 2𝜋r = 220cm ⟹ 2× 7 × r=220 ⟹ r=35 c m
22

∴ Diameter = 2rcm = (2 ×35 ) cm = 70 cm

Hence, the diameter of the wheel is 70 cm.

EXAMPLE 13 A wheel has diameter 84 cm. Find how many complete revolutions
must it take to cover 792 meters.

SOLUTION Let r be the radius of the wheel. Then,

Diameter = 84 cm [ Given ]

⟹ 2r = 84

⟹ r = 42 cm

∴
22
Circumference of the wheel = 2𝜋r cm = 2 × 7 × 42 cm = 264 cm = 2.64 m
So, the wheel covers 2.64 meters in one complete revolution.

∴
792
Total number of revolutions in covering 792 meters = 2.64 =300.

Hence, the wheel takes 300 revolutions in covering 792 meters.

EXAMPLE 14 A boy is cycling such that the wheels of the cycle are making 140
revolutions per minute. If the diameter of the wheel is 60 cm, calculate the speed
per hour with which the boy is cycling.

SOLUTION We have,
60
Radius of the wheel = r = 2 cm = 30 cm.

22 1320
Circumference of the wheel = 2 π r = 2× 7 × 30 cm = 7 cm

1320
Distance covered in one revolution = Circumference = 7 cm
∴
1320
Distance covered in 140 revolutions = 7 ×140 cm

26400 264
=(1320×20)cm 26400 cm = 100 m = 264m = 1000 km

It is given that the wheels are making140 revolutions per minute. So'

Distance covered in one minute = Distance covered in 140 revolutions

⟹
264
Distance covered in one minute = 1000 km

⟹
264
Distance covered in one hour = 1000 ×60 km = 15.84 km

Hence, the speed with which the boy is cycling is 15.84 km/hr.

EXAMPLE 15 The diameter of the driving wheel of a bus is 140 cm. How many
revolutions per minute must the wheel make in order to keep a speed of 66 km
per hour?

SOLUTION We have, Speed of the bus = 66 km/hr

∴
66 ×100 ×100
Distance covered by the wheel is one minute 60
cm=110000 cm

22
Circumference of the wheel = 2× 7 × 70cm = 440 cm

∴ Distance covered by the wheel in one revolution = 440 cm

110000
Hence, Number of revolutions in one minute = 440 = 250

EXAMPLE 16 A car has wheels which are 80 cm in diameter. How many complete
revolutions does each wheel make in 10 minutes when the car is travelling at a
speed of 66 km per hour?

SOLUTION We have

Speed of the car = 66 km/hr

∴ Distance travelled by the car in 1 hour = 66 km

⟹ Distance travelled by the car in 10 min.= 60 ×10 km =11 km = 11× 1000× 100
66

cm

We have,

Radius of car wheels = 40 cm

∴ Circumference of the wheels = 2 × 7 × 40 cm

22

⟹ Distance travelled by the car when its wheels take one complete revolution
22
=2× 7 40cm

∴ Number of revolutions made by the wheels in 10 minutes.

Distance covered by the car ∈10 minutes .
= Distance covered by the car when its wheels make one completerevolution

11×1000 ×100
11×1000 ×100 ×7
= 22
2× × 40
= 2 ×22 × 40
= 4375
7

Hence, each wheel makes 4375 revolutions in 10 minutes.

EXAMPLE 17 The cost of fencing a circular field at the rate Rs 24 per metre is Rs
5280. The field is to be ploughed at the rate of Rs 0.50 per m2 . Find the cost of
ploughing the field. (Take π = 22/7 ).

SOLUTION We have,

Rate of fencing = Rs 24 per metre and, Total cost of fencing = Rs 5280

∴
Total cost 5280
Length of the fence= Rate
= 24 metre = 220 metre

⟹ Circumference of the field = 220 metre

⟹ 2 π r = 220, where r is the radius of the field

⟹ r = 22 ×2 =35 metres
220× 7

∴ Area of the field = πr 2

⟹ Area of the field = 7 ×35 ×35 m2 = 22×5 × 35m2

22

It is given that the field is ploughed at the rate of Rs 0.50 per m 2

∴ Cost of ploughing the field = Rs (22 × 5 × 35 × 0.50) = Rs 1925

EXAMPLE 18 Fig. 15.6, depicts an archery target marked with its five scoring areas
from the centre outwards as Gold, Red, Blue Black and white. The diameter of
the region representing Gold score is 21 cm and each of the other bands is 10.5
cm wide. Find the area of each of the five scoring regions.

SOLUTION We have,

r = Radius of the region representing Gold score = 10.5 cm

∴ r1 = Radius of the region representing Gold and Red scoring areas

= (10.5 + 10.5) cm = 21 cm = 2r cm

r2 = Radius of the region

representing Gold, Red and Blue
scoring areas

= (21 + 10.5) cm = 31.5 cm =

3r cm
r3, = Radius of the region represing Gold, Red, Blue and Black scoring areas

= (31.5 + 10.5) cm = 42 cm = 4r cm

r4, = Radius of the region representing Gold, Red, Blue, Black and white

scoring areas = (42 + 10.5) cm = 52.5 cm = 5r cm

Now,

A1, = Area of the region representing Gold scoring area

22 22
= π r2 = 7 × (10.5)2 = 7 × 10.5 × 10.5 = 22 × 1.5 × 10.5 = 346.5 cm2

A2 = Area of the region representing Red scoring area

= (2r)2 −¿ 𝜋r2 = 3𝜋r2 = 3A1 = 3 × 346.5 cm2= 1039.5 cm2

A3 = Area of the region representing Blue scoring area

= 𝜋 (3r)2 −¿ 𝜋(2r)2 = 9𝜋r2 −¿ 4𝜋r2 = 5𝜋r2 = 5A1, = 5 × 346.5 cm2 = 1732.5 cm2

A4 = Area of the region representing Black scoring area

= (4r)2 – π ¿r)2 = 7𝜋r2 = 7 A1 = 7 ×346.5 cm2 = 2425.5 cm2

A5 = Area of the region representing White scoring area

= 𝜋 (5r)2 – π ¿)2 = 9𝜋r2 = 9A1 = 9 ×346.5 cm2 = 3118.5cm2

_______________________________________________________EXERCISE 15.1

1. Find the circumference and area of a circle of radius 4.2 cm.

2. Find the circumference of a circle whose area is 301.84 cm 2.

3. Find the area of a circle whose circumference is 44 cm.

4. The circumference of a circle exceeds the diameter by 16.8 cm. Find the
circumference of the circle.
can graze. (Take 𝜋 = 22/7 ).
5. A horse is tied to a pole with 28 m long string. Find the area where the horse

6. A steel wire when bent in the form of a square encloses an area of 121 cm 2. If
the same wire is bent in the form of a circle, find the area of the circle.

7. A horse is placed for grazing inside a rectangular field 40 m by 36 m and is

(Take 𝜋 = 22/7) .
tethered to one comer by a rope 14 m long. Over how much area can it graze?

8. A sheet of paper is in the form of a rectangle ABCD in which AB = 40 cm and AD

= 28 cm. A semi-circular portion with BC as diameter is cut off. Find the area of
the remaining paper.

9. The circumference of two circles are in the ratio 2 : 3. Find the ratio of their
areas.

10. The side of a square is 10 cm. Find the area of circumscribed and inscribed
circles.

11. The sum of the radii of two circles is 140 cm and the difference of their
circumferences is 88 cm. Find the diameters of the circles.

perimeter of the triangle. [Use 𝜋 = 22/7 and √ 3 = 1.73]

12. The area of a circle inscribed in an equilateral triangle is 154 cm 2. Find the

13. A field is in the form of a circle. A fence is to be erected around the field. The
cost of fencing would be Rs. 2640 at the rate of Rs. 12 per metre. Then, the field is

required to plough the field? [Take 𝜋 = 22/7].

to be thoroughly ploughed at the cost of Re. 0.50 per m 2. What is the amount

14. If a square is inscribed in a circle, find the ratio of the areas of the circle and
the square.

15. A park is in the form of a rectangle 120 m × 100 m. At the centre of the park

radius of the circular lawn. (Use 𝜋 = 22/7 ).

there is a circular lawn. The area of park excluding lawn is 8700 m 2. Find the
16. The radii of two circles are 8 cm and 6 cm respectively. Find the radius of the
circle having its area equal to the sum of the areas of the two circles.

17. The radii of two circles are 19 cm and 9 cm respectively. Find the radius and
area of the circle which has its circumference equal to the sum of the
circumferences of the two circles.

18. A car travels 1 kilometre distance in which each wheel makes 450 complete
revolutions. Find the radius of the its wheels.

19. The area enclosed between the concentric circle is 770 cm 2. If the radius of
the outer circle is 21 cm, find the radius of the inner circle.

____________________________________________________ANSWEWRS

1. 26.4cm, 55.44cm2 2. 61.6cm 3. 154cm2 4. 24.64cm

5. 2464 m2 6. 154cm2 7. 154m2 8. 812cm2

9. 4:9 10. 157 cm2 , 78.5cm2 11. 154cm, 126cm

12.72.7cm 13. Rs. 1925 14. π :2 15. 32.40m

16. 10cm 17. 28cm, 2464cm2 18. 35.35cm 19. 14cm

_________________________________HINTS TO SELECTED PROBLEMS

5. Length of the string = 28m. Area over which the horse can graze is the area
of a circle of radius 28m. Hence, required area =π(28¿2 = 2464m2

6. Let r cm be the radius of the circle.

Side of the square = √ 121 cm = 11cm

∴ Perimeter of the square = (4 ×11¿ cm = 44cm

So ,length of the wire =44cm.

Now ,

C ircumference of the circle = Length of the wire

⟹ 2πr = 44cm ⟹ r = 7cm

Hence , Area of the ¿˚ πr2 = π ×7 2 cm2 = 154cm2

9. Let r1 and r2 be the radii of two given circle and C1 and C2 be

their circumferences.

Then,

C 1 : C2 = 2 : 3

⟹ 2 π r1 : 2πr2 = 2 : 3

⟹ r1 : r2 = 2 : 3 ⟹ r 1 : r 2 =¿ 4 : 9 ⟹ πr 1 : πr 2 = 4π:9π ⟹ πr 1
: πr 2 = 4 : 9
2 2 2 2 2

10. We have,

Diameter of the circumscribed circle = Diagonal of the

square

= √ 102 +102 = 10√ 2

cm

Diameter of the inscribed circle = Length of the side of the

square .

11. Let r1 and r2 be the radii of two given circles. Then,

r1 + r2 = 140 and 2πr1−¿ 2πr2 = 88 ⟹ 2π(r1−¿ r2) = 88

⟹ r1−¿ r2 = 14

12. Let r be the radius of the inscribed circle. Then,

Area = 154 cm2 ⟹ πr2 = 154 ⟹ r = 7cm

Let h be the Height of the triangle . Then,

r = 3 ⟹ h 3r = 21cm
h

If a is the side of the triangle. Then,

h = 2 a ⟹ a = 3 = 3 = 14√ 3cm
√3 2h 42
√ √
Hence, Perimeter = 3a 3 ×14 √3 cm = 72.7cm

13. Length of the fence = Rate per metre = 12 = 220 m

Total Cost 2640

∴ 2πr=220 m ⟹ r = 35m

∴ Area = π ¿

Cost of ploughing the whole field = Rs ¿

14. Use : Radius of the circle = 1 / 2 (Diagonal)

15. Area of the park = (120 ×100 ¿ m2 = 12000 m2

Area of the park excluding the lawn = 8700 m2

∴ Area of the circular lawn = (12000−8700 ¿m2

⟹ πr2 = 3300 ⟹ r2 = 3300× 22 = 150 ×7 ⟹ r =√150 × 7 = 32.40 m

7

16. Let r be the radius of the circle whose area is equal to the
sum of the areas of circles of radii 8cm and 6cm. Then,

πr2 = π× 82 + π×6 2 ⟹ r2 = 100 ⟹ r = 10 cm

17. Let the radius of the circle be r cm. Then,

2 πr = 2π×19+ 2 π ×9 ⟹ r =28 cm

∴ Area of the circle = πr2 = 7 ×28 ×28 cm2 = 2464cm2

22

18. Let the radius of each wheel be r metres . Then,

Circumference of each wheel = 2 πr=2 × 7 × r metres

22
⟹ Distance covered by the wheel in one revolution = 2× 7 × r
22

metres

⟹ Distance covered by the wheel is 450 revolution = 2

× r × 450 metres
22
×
7

It is given that the car travels 1 kilonetre i.e 1000 metres

distance when its each wheel makes 450 revolutions.

2× 7 × r × 450=1000 ⟹ r= 2× 22× 450 = 0.3535 metres = 35.35c

22 7 ×1000

19. Let the radius of the inner circle be r cm. Then,

π×21 ×21−π × r 2 = 770

⟹ π(441−r 2)=770

⟹ × ( 441−r ) =770 ⟹ 441 −r 2 = 245 ⟹ r 2 = 196 ⟹ r = 14cm

22 2
7

15.3 SECTOR OF A CIRCLE AND ITS AREA

Consider a circle of radius r having its centre at the point O. Let

A, B, and C be three points on the circle as shown in Fig. 15.7.
The area enclosed by the circle is divided into two regions,
namely, OBA and OBCA. These regions are called sectors of the
circle. Each of these two sectors has an arc of the circle as a part
of its boundary. The sector OBA has arc AB as a part of its
boundary whereas the sector OBCA has arc ACB as a part of its
boundary. These sectors are known as minor and major sectors
of the circle as defined below.
MINOR SECTOR A sector of a circle is called a minor sector if
the minor arc of the circle is a part of its boundary In Fig. 15.7,
sector OAB is the minor sector.

MAJOR SECTOR A sector of a circle is called a major sector if the

major arc of the circle is a part of its boundary.

In Fig. 15.7, sector OACB is the major sector.

Following are some important points to remember:

(i) A minor sector has an angle , (say), subtended at the

centre of the circle, whereas a major sector has no
angle.
(ii) The sum of the arcs of major and minor sectors of a
circle is equal to the circumference of the circle.
(iii) The sum of the areas of major and minor sectors of a
circle is
equal to the
area of the
circle.
(iv) The
boundary of
a sector consists of an arc of the circle and the
two radii.

15.3.1 AREA OF A SECTOR

Consider a circle of radius r having its centre at O. Let AOB be

a sector of the circle such that ∠AOB = θ < 180°, then the arc
AB is a minor arc of the circle. Now, if θ increases the length of
the arc AB also increases and if θ becomes 180°, then arc AB
becomes the circumference of a semi-circle. Thus, if an arc
subtends an angIe of 180° at the centre, then its arc length is
πr.

∴ If the arc subtends an angle of θ at the centre, then its arc

length is
θ
× πr
180

Hence, the arc length l of a sector of angle θ in a circle of

radius r is

Given by

l = 180 × πr
θ

(i)

⟹ l = 360 ×2 πr = 360 × (Circumference of the circle)

θ θ

As discussed above, if the arc subtends an angle of 180° then the

area of the corresponding

sector is equal to the area of a semi-circle i.e., 2 π r .

1 2
∴ If the arc subtends an angle θ, then area of the
corresponding sector is

× π r = πr θ
2
θ 2
360 360

Thus, the area A of a sector of angle θ in a circle of radius r is

given by

A = 360 × π r = 360 ×(Area of the circle) ...(ii)

θ 2 θ

Now A = 360 × π r
θ 2

14⟹ A = 2 180 × πr r
( )
1 θ

⟹ A = 2 lr
1

Some useful results to remember:

(i) Angle described by minute hand in 60 minutes = 360°

∴ Angle described by minute hand in one minute = 60 °=6° ( )

360

Thus , minute hand rotates through an angle of 6° in one minute.

(ii) Angle described by hour hand in 12 hours = 360°

∴ Angle described by hour hand in one hour = 12 ° = 30° ( )

360

⟹ Angle described by hour hand in one minute = 60 ° = 2 ° ( )

30 1

Thus, hour hand rotates through 2 ° in one minute.

1

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES
EXAMPLE 1 A sector is cut from a circle of radius 21 cm. The
angle of the sector is 150°. Find the length of its arc and area.

SOLUTION The arc length l and area A of a sector of angle θ in a

circle of radius r are given by

l = 360 ×2 πr and A = 360 × πr 2 respectively.

θ θ

Here, r = 21 cm and θ=150

∴ l = 360 ×2 × 7 ×21 cm=55 cm

{ }
150 22

And, A=¿= 2 c = 577.5 c

1155 2 2
m m

EXAMPLE 2 Find the area of the sector of a circle whose radius

is 14 cm and angle of sector is 45° .

SOLUTION We know that the area A of a sector of angle θ in a

circle of radius r is given by

A = 360 × πr 2
θ

Here, r = 14cmm and θ = 45

∴ A = ¿ cm2 = 8 × 7 ×14 ×14 cm2 = 77cm2

{ }
1 22

EXAMPLE 3 In Fig. 15.9, there are shown sectors of two

concentric circles of radii 7 cm and 3.5cm. Find the area of the
shaded region. (Use π = 22/7).

SOLUTION Let A1, and A2, be the areas of sectors OAB and OCD
respectively. Then,

A1, = Area of a sector of angle 30° in a circle of radius 7

cm
⟹ A1, ={ 360 × 7 × 7 }cm2 [ ]
30 22 2 θ
Using : A= × πr 2
360

⟹ A1 = 6 cm2
77

A2 = Area of a sector of angle 30° in a circle of radius

⟹ A2 = ¿cm2

⟹ A2 = 12 × 7 × 2 × 2 cm2 = 24 cm2
{ }
1 22 7 7 77

∴ Area of the shaded region = A1−¿A2

( 776 − 7724 )c m 2

= 24 ×(4−1) cm2
77

= 24 ×(4−1) cm2= 9.625cm2

77

EXAMPLE 4 A pendulum swings through angle of 30° and

describe an arc 8.8cm in length. Find the length of the
pendulum. [ Use π =22/7 ].

SOLUTION Here, θ = 30°, l = arc = 8.8 cm

∴ l = 360 ×2 πr ⟹ 8.8= 360 ×2 × 7 × r= 22 cm = 16.8cm

θ 30 22 8.8 ×6 × 7

EXAMPLE 5 The length of minute hand of a clock is 14 cm. Find

the area swept by the minute hand in one minute. (Use π =22/7)

SOLUTION Clearly, minute hand of a clock describes a circle of

radius equal to its length i.e., 14 cm.

Since the minute hand rotates through 6° in one minute.

Therefore, area swept by the minute hand in one minute is the
area of a sector of angle 6° in a circle of radius 14 cm. Hence,
required area A is given by

A = 360 × πr 2
θ

⟹ A = ¿ cm2

⟹ A= 60 × 7 ×14 × 14 cm2= 15 cm2 =

{ }
1 22 154

10.26cm2

EXAMPLE 6 The perimeter of a sector of a

circle of radius 5.2 cm is 16.4 cm. Find the
area of the sector.

SOLUTION Let OAB be the given sector. Then,

Perimeter of sector OAB =16.4 cm

⟹ OA + OB + arc AB = 16.4 cm

⟹ 5.2+ 5.2 + arc AB = 16.4

⟹ arc AB = 6 cm ⟹l = 6 cm

∴ Area of sector OAB = 2 lr = 2 ×6 × 5.2 cm2= 15.6 cm2

1 1

EXAMPLE 7 The minute hand of a clock is 10 cm long. Find the

area of the face of the clock described by the minute hand
between 9 A.M. and 9.35 A.M.

SOLUTION We have,

Angle described by the minute hand in one minute

= 6°

∴ Angle described by the minute hand in 35 minutes =

(6 × 35)° = 210°
∴ Area swept by the minute hand in 35 minutes =

= Area of a sector of angle 210° in a circle of radius 10

cm

= ¿cm2 = 183.3cm2 [ ]
θ
Using : A= × π r2
360

EXAMPLE 8 The short and long hands of a clock are 4 cm and 6

cm long respectively. Find the sum of distances travelled by their
tips in 2 days. (Take π = 22/7)

SOLUTION In 2 days, the short hand will complete 4 rounds.

∴ Distance moved by its tip = 4 (Circumference of a circle of

radius 4 cm)

= 4 × 2 × 7 × 4 cm = 7 cm
( )
22 704

In 2 days, the long hand will complete 48 rounds.

∴ Distance moved by its tip = 48 (Circumference of a circle of

radius 6 cm)

= 48× 2 × 7 ×6 cm = 7 cm
( )
22 12672

Hence,

Sum of the distances moved by the tips of two hands of the

clock

= 7 )cm
( 7047 + 12672
1910.85 cm EXAMPLE 9 Find the area of the sector of a circle
with radius 4 cm and of angle 30°. Also, find the area of the
corresponding major sector. (Use π= 3.141).

SOLUTION Here, θ = 30° and r = 4 cm

∴ Area of sector OAPB = 360 × πr 2 = 360 ×3.14 ×4 ×4 cm2
θ 30

= 3 cm = 4.153cm
2 2
3.14 × 4

Area of corresponding major sector

= Area of sector OAQB

= πr2 360 × πr 2
−θ

= 2
(
πr 1−
θ
360 )
= 3.14× 4 × 4 1− 30
( )
cm2
360

=3.14× 4 × 4 × 12
11

cm2 = cm2 = 46.05cm2

3.14 × 44
3

EXAMPLE 10 An elastic belt is placed round the rim of a pulley

of radius 5 cm. One point on the belt is pulled directly away from
the centre O of the pulley until it is at P, 10
cm from O. Find the length of the belt that is
in contact with the rim of the pulley. Also,
find the shaded area.

SOLUTION In the adjacent figure, let ∠ AOP

= ∠ BOP = θ . Clearly, portion AB of the belt
is not in contact with the rim of the pulley in
right triangle OAP, we have
OA 5 1
cos θ= = = ⟹ θ=60 ° ⟹ ∠ AOB=2θ=120 °
OP 10 2
∴ arc AB = cm = 3 cm [ ]
120° ×2 × π ×5 10 π θ
Using l= × 2 πr
360 360

Hence, Length of the belt that is in contact with the rim of the
pulley

= Circumference of the rim −Length of arc AB

= 2 πr × 5 cm− 3 cm= 3 cm
10 π 20 π

Now,

Area of sector OAQB = 360 × π ×5 cm2 = 3 cm2 Using : Area= 360 × π r

[ ]
120 2 25 π θ 2

Area of quadrilateral OAPB = 2(Area of ∆ OAP ¿

= 2× 2 ×OA × AP
( )
1

= 5 ×5 √ 3 cm2

[ ]
2 2 2
∵ O P =O A + A P
⟹ AP= √ 100−25=5 √ 3

= 25√ 3 cm2
Hence,
Shaded area = Area of quadrilateral OAPB−¿ Area of
sector OAQB.

= 25 √ 3− 3 cm2 = 3 (3 √3−π )cm2

( )
25 π 25

EXAMPLE 11 An arc of a circle is of length 5 π cm and the sector

it bounds has an area of 20π cm2 . Find the radius of the circle.

SOLUTION Let the radius of the circle be 'r cm and the arc AB of
length 5π cm subtends angle θ at the centre O of the circle. Then,

Arc AB = 5πcm and Area of sector OAB =

20πcm2

⟹ ×2 πr=5 π and × π r2=20π

θ θ
360 360

⟹ = 20 π
θ
× π r2
360
θ 5π
×2 πr
360

⟹
r
=4
2

⟹ r = 8 cm

ALITER We have, Area = 2 lr ⟹ 20π=

1

1
×5 π ×r ⟹ r=8 cm
2

EXAMPLE 12 In a circle with centre O and radius 5 cm, AB is a

chord of length 5√ 3 cm. Find the area of sector AOB.

SOLUTION We have,

AB = 5√ 3 cm ⟹ AL = BL = 2 cm
5 √3

Let ∠AOB = 2θ . Then, ∠ AOL = ∠BOL = θ

In ∆ OLA, we have
5 √3
sin θ=
AL
=
2
=
√3
OA 5 2

⟹ θ=60 °

⟹ ∠AOB=120°

⟹ Area of sector AOB = 360 × π ×5 cm = 3 cm2

120 2 2 25 π

EXAMPLE 13 A car has two wipers which do not overlap. Each

wiper has a blade of length 25 or sweeping through an angle of
115°. Find the total area cleaned at each sweep of the blades.

SOLUTION Clearly, each wiper sweeps a sector of a circle of

radius 25 cm and sector angle 115°. Therefore, total area A
cleaned at each sweep is given by

∴ A = 2× 360 × πr 2
θ

⟹ A = 2× 360 × 7 ×25 ×25 cm2=1254.96cm2

115 22

EXAMPLE 14 To warm ships for underwater rocks, a light house

throws a red coloured light over, sector of 80° angle to a
distance of 16.5 km. Find the area of the sea over which the
ships area warned.

(Use π = 3.14)

SOLUTION We have,

r= 16.5 km and θ = 80

∴ Area of the sea over which the ships are warmed

= 360 × π r = 360 ×3.14 ×16.5 ×16.5 km = 189.97km2

θ 2 80 2
EXAMPLEI5 An umbrella has 8 ribs which are equally spaced.
Assuming umbrella to be a fiat circle of radius 45 cm. Find the
area between the two consecutive ribs of the umbrella.

SOLUTION Since ribs

are equally spaced.
Therefore,

Angle made by two

consecutive ribs at the
centre = 8 45°
360°

Thus,

Area between two consecutive ribs

= Area of a sector of a circle of radius 45 cm and

sector angle 45°

= 360 × 7 × 45 ×45 cm2

{ } [ ]
45 22 θ
Using : Area= × π r2
360

= × × 45 × 45cm2=795.33cm2
1 22
8 7

EXAMPLE 16 A brooch is made with silver wire in the form of a

circle with diameter 35 mm. The wire also used in making 5
diameters which divide the circle into 10 equal sectors as shown
in Fig. 15.16. Find:

(i) the total length of the silver wire required (ii) the area
of each sector of the brooch.

SOLUUTION (i) we have

Total length of the silver wire

= Circumference of the circle of radius 2 mm

35

+ Length of five diameters

=2π× 2 +5 ×35 mm
35

= 2 × 7 × 2 +175 mm = 285mm
( )
22 35

(ii) The circle is divided into 10equal sectors. Therefore,

Area of each sector of the brooch = 10 ¿
1

= 10 × π × 2
( 35 ) 2
1

mm2

= 10 × 7 × 2 × 2 mm2 = 4
1 22 35 35 385

mm2

_______________________________________________________________EX
ERCISE15.2

1. Find, in terms of π, the length of the arc that subtends an

angle of 30° at the centre of a circle of radius 4
cm.

2. Find the angle subtended at the centre of a

circle of radius 5 cm by an arc of length (5 π /3) cm.
3. An arc of length 20π cm subtends an angle of 144° at the
centre of a cirde. Find the radius of the circle.

4. An arc of length 15 cm subtends an angle of 45° at the centre

of a circle. Find in terms of π the radius of the circle.

5. Find the angle subtended at the centre of a circle of radius 'a'

by an arc of length (aπ/4) cm.

6. A sector of a circle of radius 4 cm contains an angle of 30°.

Find the area of the sector.

7. A sector of a circle of radius 8 cm contains an angle of 135°.

Find the area of the sector.

8. The area of a sector of a circle of radius 2 cm is π cm2. Find

the angle contained by the sector.

9. The area of a sector of a circle of radius 5 cm is 5π cm2 . Find

the angle contained by the sector

10. AB is a chord of a circle with centre O and radius 4 cm. AB is

of length 4 cm. Find the area of the sector of the circle formed by
chord AB.

11. In a circle of radius 35 cm, an arc subtends an angle of 72°

at the centre. Find the length of the arc and area of the sector.

12. The perimeter of a sector of a circle of radius 5.7 m is 27.2

m. Find the area of the sector.

13. The perimeter of a certain sector of a circle of radius 5.6 m is

27.2 m. Find the area of the sector.

14. A sector is cut-off from a circle of radius 21 cm. The angle of

the sector is 120°. Find the length of its arc and the area.
15. The minute hand of a clock is √ 21 cm long. Find the area
described by the minute hand on the face of the clock between
7.00 AM and 7.05 AM.

16. The minute hand of a dock is 10 cm long. Find the area of the
face of the clock described by the minute hand between 8 AM
and 8.25 AM.

17. A sector of 56° cut out from a circle contains area 4.4 cm2.
Find the radius of the circle.

18. In a circle of radius 6 cm, a chord of length 10 cm makes an

angle of 110° at the centre of the circle. Find:

(i) the circumference of the circle, (ii) the area of the circle,

(iii) the length of the arc AB, (iv) the area of the sector
OAB.

19. Fig. 15.17, shows a sector of a circle, centre O, containing an

angle θ°. Prove that:

(i) Perimeter of the shaded region is r ( tan θ + sec θ + 180 −1)

πθ

(ii) Area of the shaded region is ( tan θ− 180 )

2
r πθ
2
20. Figure 15.18 shows a sector of a circle of radius r cm
containing an angle θ°. The area of the sector is A cm2 and
perimeter of the sector is 50 cm. Prove that

(i) ( ) (ii) A = 25r −¿

360 25
θ= −1

r2
π r

21. The length of the minute hand of a clock is 14 cm. Find

the area swept by the minute hand in 5 minutes.

22. In a circle of radius 21 cm, an arc subtends an angle of

60° at the centre. Find (i) the length of the arc (ii) area of the
sector formed by the arc. ( Use π = 22/7)

________________________________________________________________
_________ ANSWERS

1. 3 cm 2. 60° 3. 25 cm
2π

4. π cm
60

5.45° 6. 3 cm2 7. 24π cm2

4π

8. 90°

9. 72° 10. 3 cm2 11. 44 cm, 770 cm2

8π

12. 45.03 m2

13. 44.8 m2 14. 44 cm, 462 cm2 15. 5.5 cm2

16. 130.95 cm2 17. 3 cm

18. (i) 37.68 cm (ii) 113.1 cm2 (iii) 11.51 cm (iv) 34.5 cm2

21. 51.30 cm2 22. (i) 22 cm, (ii) 231 cm2

15.4 SEGMENT OF A CIRCLE AND ITS AREA

Consider a circle of radius r having centre at point O. Let PQ be a chord of the

circle and let R and S be two points on it as shown in Fig. 15.19. The area

enclosed by the circle is divided by the chord PQ into two segments, viz. PQR

and PQS. Each of these two segments has an arc of the circle as a part of its

boundary. Arc PRQ is the minor one and the arc PSQ is the major one.

SEGMENT OF A CIRCLE The region enclosed by an arc and a chord is called

the segment of the circle. In Fig. 15.19, the shaded region PRQ is a segment of

the circle. The boundary of a segment consists of an arc of the circle and the

chord determining the segment.

MINOR SEGMENT If the boundary of a segment is a minor arc of a circle, then

the corresponding segment is called a minor segment.

In Fig. 15.19, segment PQR is a minor segment.

MAJOR SEGMENT A segment corresponding a major arc of a circle

is known as the major segment. In Fig. 15.19, segment PQS is a

major segment.

15.4.1 AREA OF A SEGMENT OF A CIRCLE

Draw a circle of radius r. Let O be the centre of the circle and PQ be a chord

dividing the circle into two segments PRQ and PSQ as shown in Fig. 15.20.
Suppose we wish to find the area of the minor segment PRQ (shaded region in

Fig. 15.20). Let ∠PQR = θ

.

It is evident from Fig. 15.20 that

Area of the sector OPRQ = Area of the segment PRQ +Area of ∆

OPQ

⟹ Area of the segment PRQ = Area of the segment OPRQ-Area

of ∆ OPQ

We have,

Area of the sector OPRQ = 360 × π r

θ 2

In ∆ OLP, we have

cos 2 = OP and sin 2 = OP

θ OL θ PL

⟹ OL =OP cos 2 = r cos 2 And PL sin 2 = r sin 2

θ θ θ θ

∴ Area of ∆ OPQ = 2 (PQ×OL )

1

⟹ Area of ∆ OPQ = 2 (2 r sin θ2 ×rcos θ2 ) =r 2 sin 2 cos 2

1 θ θ

Hence,

Area of segment PRQ = 360 × π r −r sin 2 cos 2

Q 2 2 θ θ

⟹Area of segment PRQ = 360 ×θ−sin 2 cos 2 r

{ }
π θ θ 2
ILLUSTRATIVE
EXAMPLES

EXAMPLE 1 Find the area

of the segment of a
circle, given that the angle of the sector is 120° and the radius of
the circle is 21 cm. (Take π = 22/7)

SOLUTION Here, r = 21 cm and θ = 120

∴ Area of the segment = 360 ×θ−sin 2 cos 2 r2

{π }
θ θ

⟹ Area of the segment = {227 × 120 −sin 60 °cos 60° } (21¿

2

cm2
360

⟹ Area of the segment = { }(21¿ cm

2
22 1 √ 3
− × 2
2 2 2

⟹ Area of the segment = ¿ cm2

⟹ Area of the segment = 462− 4 √ 3 cm2= 4 (88−¿21√ 3)

{ }
441 21

cm2

EXAMPLE 2 A chord AB of a circle of radius 10 CM makes a

right angle at the centre of the circle. Find the area of the major
and minor segments (Take π = 3.14)

SOLUTION We know that the area of a minor segment of angle θ

° in a circle of radices r is given by

A = 360 −sin 2 cos 2 r

{ }
πθ θ θ 2
Here, r = 10 and θ = 90°

A= {3.14360× 90 −sin 45° cos 45 ° }(10) cm

2 2

⟹ A= { (10¿2 cm2
}
3.14 1 1
− ×
4 √2 √2
⟹ A = { 3.14 × 25−50 }cm2 = (78.5−50 ¿ cm2 = 28.8 cm2

Area of the major segment = Area of the circle — Area of the

minor segment

= (3.14× 102 −¿ 28.5 ) cm2 =

(314−¿28.5 )cm2 = 285.5 cm2
EXAMPLE 3 A chord AB of a
circle of radius 15 cm makes an
angle of 60° at the centre of the
circle. Find the area of the major
and minor segment. (Take π = 3.14, 43 =1.73)

SOLUTION We know that the area of a minor segment of angle θ

in a circle of radius r is given by

A = 360 −sin 2 cos 2 r 2

{ πθ }
θ θ
⟹ A= { −sin 30 ° cos 30 ° (15¿2 cm2
}
3.14 × 60
360

⟹ A = { × 225cm2
}
3.14 √ 3
−
6 4

⟹ A = (0.5233−0.4330 ¿225cm2=225× 0.902cm2=20.295cm2

Area of the major segment = Area of the circle— Area of the

minor segment

= ¿cm2

= { 706.5−20.295 }cm2 = 686.205cm2

EXAMPLE 4 In a circle of radius 21 cm, an arc subtends an angle

of 60° at the centre. Find:

(i) length of the arc (ii) area of the sector

formed by the arc (iii) area of the segment formed by the
corresponding chord of the arc.

SOLUTION Let O be the centre of the circle of radius 21 cm

such that an arc APB subtends 60° angle at the centre O.

(i) We have,

Length of the arc APB = 360 ×2 πr

θ

⟹ Length of the arc APB = 360 ×2 × 7 × 21cm = 22cm

60 22

(ii) We have,
Area of sector OAPB = 360 × π r
θ 2

⟹ Area of sector OAPB =

× × 21× 21cm2= 231 cm2
60 22
360 7
(iii) We have,

Area of the segment APB = 360 −sin 2 cos 2 r

{ }
πθ θ θ 2

⟹ Area of the segment APB = 7 × 360 −sin 30° cos 30 ° ×21×21cm2

{ }
22 60

⟹ Area of the segment APB =

{ ×21 ×21cm2
}
11 1 √ 3
− ×
21 2 2

⟹ Area of the segment APB = { 11×21− √ × 21× 21 cm2 }

3
4

⟹ Area of the segment APB = { cm2

}
441 √ 3
231−
4

⟹ Area of the segment APB = (231 — 190.95) cm2 = 40.05

cm2

EXAMPLE 5 A chord of a circle of radius 10 cm subtends u right

angle at the centre. Find:

(i) area of the minor sector (ii) area of the

minor segment (iii) area of the major sector
(iv) area of the major segment (Use π = 3.14)

SOLUTION Here, r = 10 cm and θ = 90

(i) We have,

Area of the minor sector OAPB = 360 × πr 2

θ

= 360 ×3.14 ×10 ×10

90

cm2=78.5cm2 (ii) We have,

Area of the minor segment APB =

= 360 −sin 2 cos 2 r2

{ πθ }
θ θ

= 3.14 × 360 −sin 45 ° ×10 ×10cm2

{ }
960

= {3144 − 12 }× 100cm 2

= ( 3144 −50)cm =(78.5−50 ¿cm

2 2
= 28.5cm2

(ii) We have,

Area of the major sector OAQ

B

= Area of the circle — Area of the minor

sector OA PB

= (3.14 × 10 × 10 −¿78.5)cm2 = (314 −¿

78.5)cm2 = 235.5 cm2 (iv) We have,

Area of the major segment AQB

= Area of the circle −¿Area of the minor segment APB

= (3.14 × 10 × 10 −¿ 28.5)cm2 = 285.5 cm2

EXAMPLE 6 The diagram shows two arcs, A and B. Arc A is part

of the circle with centre O and radius OP. Arc B is part of the
circle with centre M and radius PM, where M is the mid-porn of
PQ. Show that the area enclosed by the two arcs is equal to 25

(√ 3− π6 )cm2
.

SOLUTION We have,

Area enclosed by arc B and

chord PQ = Area of semi-circle of
radius 5 cm

= 2 × π ×5 cm2 = 2 cm2
1 2 25 π

Let ∠MOQ = ∠MOP = θ

In ∆ OMP, we have

PM 5 1
sin θ= = =
OP 10 2

⟹ θ = 30 °

⟹ ∠ POQ = 20 = 60°

∴ Area enclosed by arc A and chord PQ

= Area of segment of circle of radius 10 cm and sector

containing angle 60°

= { π360 −sin30 ° ×cos 30° } ×10 cm 2

[ { }]
×60 πθ θ θ
2
∵ A= −sin cos r 2
360 2 2

= {503π −25 √ 3}cm 2

Hence,
Required = { ( −25 √ 3 cm2
)}
25 π 50 π
−
2 3

⟹ Required area = 25 √3− 6 cm2 = 25 √3− 6 cm2

{ } { }
25 π π

__________________________________________________________________
_____EXERCISE 15.3

1. AB is a chord of a circle with centre O and radius 4 cm. AB is

of length 4 cm and divides the circle into two segments. Find the
area of the minor segment.

2. A chord PQ of length 12 cm subtends an angle of 120° at the

centre of a circle. Find the area of the minor segment cut off by
the chord PQ.

3. A chord of a circle of radius 14 cm makes a right angle at the

centre. Find the areas of the minor and major segments of the
circle.

4. A chord 10 cm long is drawn in a circle whose radius is 5√ 2 cm.

Find area of both the segments. (Take π = 3.14).

5. A chord AB of a circle, of radius 14 cm makes an angle of 60°

at the centre of the circle. Find the area of the minor segment of
the circle. (Use π = 22/7)

6. AB is the diameter of a circle, centre O. C is a point on the

circumference such that ∠COB = θ. The area of the minor
segment cut off by AC is equal to twice the area of the sector
BOC. Prove that
θ θ
(
1
sin cos =π −
2 2
θ
2 120 )
7. A chord of a circle subtends an angle of θ at the centre of the
circle. The area of the minor segment cut off by the chord is one
eighth of the area of the circle. Prove that 8 sin 2 cos 2 + π=¿ 45 ¿.
θ θ πθ

__________________________________________________________________
_______ ANSWERS

1. ( 83π −4 √3)cm
2
2. 4(4π−3 √ 3 ¿ ¿cm2 3. 56cm2, 560 cm2

4. 14.25 cm2, 142.75 cm2 5. 17.80 cm2

15.5 AREAS OF COMBINATIONS OF PLANE FIGURES

In our daily life we come across various plane

figures which are combinations of two or more
plane figures. For example, window designs,
flower beds, drain covers, circular paths etc. In
this section, we shall discuss problems on
calculating areas of such figures by using the
knowledge of computing areas of different plane
figures studied in earlier classes.

Following examples will illustrate the process of computing areas

of plane figures which are combinations of two or more plane
figures.

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES

EXAMPLE 1 A drain cover is made front a square metal plate of

side 40 cm having 441 holes of diameter 1 cm each drilled in it.
Find the area of the remaining square plate.

SOLUTION We have,

Area of. square metal plate = 40 ×40 cm2 =

1600cm2

Area of each hole = πr = 7 × 2

2
( ) cm 2
= 14 cm2
2
22 1 11

∴ Area of 441 holes = 441 × 14 cm2 = 346.5cm2

11

Hence, Area of the remaining square plate = (1600 −¿

346.5)cm2 = 1253.5cm2

EXAMPLE 2 The inner and outer diameters of ring 1 of a

dartboard are 32 cm and 34 CM respectively and those of rings II
are 19 cm and 21 cm respectively. What is the total area of these
two rings?

SOLUTION We have,

Area of ring I = (π×17 2−π × 162 ¿cm2

= 7 ×(17 −16 )cm

22 2 2 2

= 7 ×(17+16)(17−16)cm
22 2

= 7 ×33 cm
22 2

Area of ring II = ( π ×10.52−π ×9.5 2) cm2

= π(10.52−9.52) cm2

= 7 ×(10.5+9.5)(10.5−9.5)cm = 7 ×20 cm2

22 2 22

Hence,

Total area of two rings = 7 ×33+ 7 × 20cm2

22 22

= 7 ×(33+20)cm2 =
22

166.57cm2

EXAMPLE 3 Find the area of the shaded region in Fig. 15.29,

where radii of the two concentric circles with centre O are 7 cm
and 14 cm respectively and ∠ AOC = 40°.

SOLUTION We have,
Area of the region ABCD = Area of sector AOC – Area of sector
BOD

= 360 × 7 × 14 ×14− 360 × 7 × 7 ×7 cm

( )
40 22 40 22 2

= 9 × 22× 14 ×2− 9 ×22 ×7 × 1 cm

( )
1 1 2

= 9 ׿ )cm2 = 3 cm2
22 154

Area of the circular ring = 7 ×14 ×14− 7 ×7 ×7 cm

( )
22 22 2

⟹ Area of the circular ring = (22×14 ×2−22 ×7 × 1)cm2

⟹ Area of the circular ring = 22×22 cm2

⟹ Area of the circular ring = 462 cm2

Hence, Required shaded area = 462− 3 cm = 3 cm =

( )
154 2 1232 2

410.67cm2

EXAMPLE 4 AB and CD are respectively arcs of two concentric

circles of radii 21 cm and 7 cm and centre O. If ∠AOB = 30°.
find the area of the shaded region.

SOLUTION We have,

Shaded area = Area of sector OAB−¿ Area of

sector OCD

⟹ Shaded area = 360 × 7 × 21× 21− 360 × 7 × 7 ×7 cm2

( )
30 22 30 22
⟹ Shaded
area =

30 22 2
× ×(21 ×21−7 ×7) cm
360 7

⟹ Shaded area = 42 ×(21+7) ×(21−7)cm

11 2

⟹ Shaded area = 42 × 28× 14 cm = 102.37cm2

11 2

EXAMPLE 5 PQRS is a diameter of a circle of radius 6 cm. The

lengths PQ, QR and RS are equal. Semi-circles are drawn on PQ
and QS as diameters as shown in Fig. 15.31. Find the perimeter
and area of the shaded region.

SOLUTION We have,

∴ PS = Diameter of a circle of radius 6 cm =12 cm

PQ = QR+RS = 3 =4 cm
12

QS= QR + RS = (4 + 4) cm = 8 cm

Hence, required perimeter

= Arc of semi-circle of radius 6 cm

+ Arc of semi-circle of radius 4 cm

+ Arc of semi-circle of radius 2 cm

= (π× 6 +π 4 +π× 2)cm= 12 π cm

Required area = Area of semi-circle with PS as diameter

+ Area of semi-circle with PQ as diameter

− Area of semi-circle with QS as diameter.

= 2 × 7 × ¿+ 2 × 7 ×(6) + 2 × 7 ×2 − 2 × 7 × ¿
1 22 1 22 2 1 22 2 1 22

= 2 × 7 (6 +2 −4 )
1 22 2 2 2

= 2 × 7 ×24 = 7 cm2 = 37.71cm2

1 22 264

EXAMPLE 6 A horse is placed for grazing

inside a rectangular field 70 m by 52 m and
is tethered to one corner by a rope 21 m
long. On how much area can it graze?

SOLUTION Shaded portion indicates the

area which the horse can graze. Clearly,
shaded area is the area of a quadrant of a circle of radius r =21
m.
∴ Required area = 4 πr 2
1

⟹ Required area = ¿

⟹ Required area = 2 cm = 346.5cm2

693 2

EXAMPLE 7 A paper is in the form of a rectangle ABCD in which

AB = 20 cm and BC =
14 cm. A semi-circular
portion with BC as
diameter is cut off.
Find the area of a
remaining part.

SOLUTION We
have,

Length of the
rectangle ABCD =
AB = 20 cm

Breadth of the rectangle ABCD = BC =14 cm

∴ Area of rectangle ABCD = (20 × 14) cm2 = 280 cm2

Diameter of the semi-circle = BC = 14 cm

∴ Radius of the semi-circle = 7 cm

Area of the semi-circular

portion cut off from the
rectangle ABCD

= 2¿ ) = 2 × 7 × 7 cm2 =
2
( )
1 1 22 2

77cm2

∴ Area of the remaining part

= Area of rectangle ABCD −¿

Area of semi-circle = (280 −¿ 77) cm2 = 203 cm2

EXAMPLE 8 In figure 15.34, find the area of the shaded region

[Use π = 3.14 ] SOLUTION Clearly, Diameter of the circle =
Diagonal BD of rectangle ABCD ∴∴ Diameter = BD =
√ BC 2+ CD2 = √ 62 +82 cm = 10cm
Let r be the radius of the circle. Then, r = (10/2) cm = 5 cm
Area of rectangle ABCD = AB× BC =
(8 × 6) cm2 = 48 cm2
Area of the circle = πr2 = 3.14 × (5)2
cm2 = 78.50 cm2
Hence,

Area of the shaded region = Area of the circle −¿ Area of

rectangle ABCD

= (78.50 −¿48) cm2 = 30.50 cm2

EXAMPLE9 In Fig. 15.35, AOBCA represents a quadrant of a

circle of radius 3.5 cm with centre O. Calculate the area of the
shaded portion (Take π = 22/7 ).

SOLUTION We have,

Area of quadrant AOBCA = 4 πr 2

1

Area of quadrant AOBCA = 4 × 7 ׿

1 22
Area of quadrant AOBCA = 4 × 7 × 2 × 2 = 8 cm = 9.625cm2
1 22 7 7 27 2

Area of ∆ AOD = 2 × Base × Height

1

Area ∆ AOD = 2 OA ×OB ¿= 2 [ 3.5 ×2 ] cm =3.5cm2

1 1 2

Hence,

Area of the shaded portion = Area of quadrant −¿ Area

of ∆ AOD

⟹ Area of the schaded portion = (9.625 −¿ 3.5)cm2

EXAMPLE 10 A circular grassy plot of land,42m in diameter, has

a path 3.5m wide running round it on the outside. Find the cost
of gravelling the path at Rs 4 per square metre.

SOLUTION We have,

Radius of the plot = 21 m.

Radius of the plot including the path

= (21 + 3.5) m = 24.5 m

∴ Area of the path = ¿

⟹ Area of the path = π ¿ m2

⟹ Area of the path = π(24.5 + 21) (24.5 −¿21)}m2

⟹ Area of the path = { π ( 45.5)×(3.5) }m2

⟹ Area of the path = 7 × 45.5× 3.5m2 = 500.5 m2

22

Hence, cost of gravelling the path = Rs (500.5 × 4) = Rs = 2002.

EXAMPLE 11 A square park has each side of 100 tn. At each

corner of the park, there is aflower bed in the form of a quadrant
of radius 14m as shown in Fig. 15.37. Find the area of the
remaining part of the park (Use π = 22/7).

SOLUTION Let A be the area of each

quadrant of a circle of radius 14 m.

Then,

A = 4 ¿)= 4 × 7 ×14 ×14 = 154 m2

1 1 22

∴Area of 4 quadrants = (4 × 154) m2 = 616 m2

Area of square park having side 100 m long = (100 × 100)m2 =

10,000 m2 Hence,
Area of the remaining part of the park = 10,000 −¿ 616 =
9384 m2

EXAMPLE12 . Four equal circles are described about the four

corners of a square so that each touches two of the thers as
shown in Fig. 15.38. Find the area of the shaded
region, each side of the square measuring 14 cm.

SOLUTION Let ABCD be the given square each side

of which is 14 cm long. Clearly, the radius of each
circle is 7cm.

We have,

Area of the square of side 14 cm long =(14× 14)cm2 =

196cm2

Area of each quadrant of a circle of radius 7cm

= 4 (πr )= ¿ = 38.5 cm2

1 2

∴ Area of 4 quadrants = 4 ×38.5 cm2 = 154cm2

Hence,

Area of the shaded region = Area of the square ABCD

− Areaof 4 quadrants

⟹ Area of the shaded region= (196 −¿154)cm2 = 42cm2

EXAMPLE13. Find to the three places of decimats the radius of

the circle whose area is the sum of the areas of two triangles
whose sides are 35, 53, 66 and 33, 56, 65 ,measured in
centimetres

SOLUTION For the first triangle, we have a

a= 35, b = 53 and c = 66
∴ s= = = 77cm
a+b+ c 35+53+66
2 2

Now,
∆ 1= Area of the first triangle

= ∆ 1 = √ s (s−a)(s−b)(s−c )

⟹ ∆ 1 = √ 77(77−35)(77−53)(77−66) = √ 77 × 42× 24 ×11

⟹ ∆ 1= √ 7 ×11×7 × 6 ×6 × 4 × 11 = √ 72 ×112 ×6 2 ×22

⟹ ∆ 1 = 7×11× 6 ×2=924cm2

For the second triangle, we have

a = 33, b = 56, c = 65

∴ s= = = 77cm
a+b+ c 33+56+65
2 2

∆ 2= Area of the second triangle

⟹ ∆ 2 = √ s (s−a)(s−b)(s−c )

⟹ ∆ 2 = √ 77(77−33)(77−56)(77−65)

⟹ ∆ 2 = √ 77 × 44 ×21 ×12=√ 7 ×11× 4 ×11× 3 ×7 ×3 × 4

⟹ ∆ 2 = √ 72 ×112 × 42 ×32 = 7×11× 4 × 3=924cm2

Let r be the radius of the circle. Then,

Area of the circle = Sum of the areas of two triangles

⟹ πr 2 = ∆ 1+ ∆ 2

⟹ πr2 = 924 + 924 [ Using : ( i )∧(ii)]

⟹ 7 ×r = 1848
22 2
⟹ r =1848 × 22 =3 × 4 ×7 × 7⟹ r = √ 3 ×22 × 72 = 2×7 × √3 = 14√ 3cm
2 7

EXAMPLE 14 Find the areas of the shaded region in the Fig.

15.39.

SOLUTION It is given that the radius of the bigger semi-circle

=14 cm

∴ Area of the bigger semi-circle = 2 π r2 = 2 × 7 × ¿ cm2 = 308

1 1 22

cm2

Radius of each of the smaller circle = 7 cm

∴ Area of 2 smaller semi-circles = 2 2 × 7 7 cm =154 cm2

( )
1 22 2 2

Hence, Required area = (308 + 154) cm2 = 462 cm2

EXAMPLE 15 In an equilateral triangle of side 24 cm, a circle is

inscribed touching its sides. Find the area of the remaining
portion of the triangle (Take √ 3 = 1.732).

SOLUTION Let ABC be an equilateral triangle of side 24 cm, and

let AD be perpendicular from A on BC. Since the triangle is
equilateral, so D bisects BC.

∴ BD = CD = 12 cm
The centre of the inscribed circle will coincide with the centroid
of ∆ ABC.

∴ OD = 3
AD

In ∆ ABD , we have

AB2 = AD2 + BD2

⟹ 2 2
24 = AD +12
2

[ Using Pythagoras Theorem ]

⟹ AD = √ 242 −122 =
√(24−12)(24+ 12) = √ 36 ×12 = 12√ 3 cm

∴ OD = 3 AD= 3 ×12 √3 cm = 4√ 3cm

( )
1 1

Area of the incircle = π(OD¿2 = ¿ = 7 × 48 cm = 150.85cm2

{ }
22 2

Area of the triangle ABC = 4 (side¿2 = 4 (24¿2= 249.4cm2

√3 √3

∴ Area of the remaining portion of the triangle = (249.4−¿

150.85)cm2 = 98.55cm2
EXAMPLE 16 An athletic track 14m wide consists of two
straight sections 120 m tong joining semi. circular ends whose
inner radius is 35m . Calculate the area of the shaded region.

SOLUTION We have,

OB = O’C = 35m and AB = CD = 14m

∴ OA = O’D = (35 + 14)m = 49m

Area of the shaded region

= Area of rectangle ABCD + Area of rectangle EFGH

+ 2 { Area of the semi−withradius

˚ 49 m }

−{ Areaof the semi−circlewith radius 35 m }

= ( 14 × 120 ) + ( 14 ×120 )+ 2 2 × 7 ×(49) −2 ¿

{ }
1 22 2

=¿

= 3360+ 7 ×84 × 14 m = { 3360+ 44 ×84 } m2 = 7056m2

{ }
22 2

Hence, the area of the shaded region is 7056m2

EXAMPLE 17 ABCD is a flower bed. If OA = 21m

and OC = 14m, find the area of the bed (Take π = 22/7).

SOLUTION We have,

OA = R = 21 m and OC = r = 14 m

∴ Area of the flower bed =

= Area of a quadrant of a circle of radius R −¿ Area of a

quadrant of a circle of radius r

= 4 π R − 4 πr
1 2 1 2
= 4 ¿)
π

= 4 × 7 (22 −14 )cm

1 22 2 2 2
[ ∵ R=21 m∧r =14 m ]

{ 14 × 227 ×(21+ 14)}m ={ 14 × 227 ×35 ×7 }m =192.5 m

2 2 2

EXAMPLE 18 ABCP is a quadrant of a circle of radius 14 cm.

With AC as diameter, a semi-circle is drawn. Find the area of the
shaded portion.
SOLUTION In the right-angled triangle ABC, we have

AC2 = AB2 + BC2

⟹ AC2 = 142 + 142

⟹ AC =√ 2× 142 = 14√ 2 cm

⟹ cm = 7√ 2 cm
AC 14 √ 2
=
2 2

Let A be the area of the shaded portion.

Then,

A= Area APCQA A

⟹ A = Area ACQA −¿ Area ACPA

⟹ A = Area ACQA −¿(Area ABCPA −¿Area of ∆ ABC)

⟹ A = (Area of sem-circle with AC as diameter)

-[Area of a quadrant of a circle with AB as radius−¿

Area of A ∆ ABC]

⟹ A=¿

⟹ A = 2 × 7 × 49× 2− 4 × 7 ×14 ×14+ 2 × 14 ×14 cm

{ }
1 22 1 22 1 2

EXAMPLE19 The area of an equilateral triangle is 49√ 3 cm2.

Taking eqch angular point as centre. a circle is described with
radius equal to half the length of the side of the triangle as
shown in Fig. 15.44. Find the area of the triangle not included in
the circle.

SOLUTION Let each side of the triangle be a cm. Then,

Area of A ABC = 49√ 3cm2

⟹
√3 a2=49 √ 3 ¿
4

⟹ 2
a =49 × 4 ⟹ a=14 cm

Thus, Radius of each circle is 7 cm

∴ Required area

= Area of ∆ ABC −¿ 3 × (Area of a sector of angle 60° in a

circle of radius 7 cm)

⟹ Required area = 49 √ 3−3 360 × 7 ×7 cm

{ ( 60 )}
2 2 22

⟹ Required area = (49√ 3−3−¿77) cm2 = (49×1.73 −¿ 77) cm2 =

7.77 cm2

EXAMPLE 20 The area of an equilateral triangle is 1732.05 cm2.

About each angular point as centre, a circle is
described with radius equal to half the length of the
side of the triangle. Find the area of the triangle not
included in the circles. (Use π =3.14).

SOLUTION Let each side of the equilateral triangle

be a cm. Then,

Area = 1732.05 cm2

⟹ = 1732.05
√ 3 a2
4

⟹ ⟹ ( ) = 1732.05 ….(i)
2
a2 1732.5 a
=
4 √3 2 √3

Clearly, radius of each circle is 2 cm.

a

Let A be the area of three sectors each dangle 60° in a circle of

radius 2 cm Then,
a
A = 3 360 ×3.14 × 2
{ ( ) } cm
2
60 a 2

⟹ A = 2 ×3.14 × 2 = 2 ×3.14 ×
() = 1570.05cm2
2
1 a 1 1732.05
√ 3

Now,

Required area = Area of ∆ ABC −¿ Area of three sectors

each of angle 60° in a circle of radius 2
a

⟹ Required area =(1732.05 −¿1570.04) cm2 =162.01cm2

EXAMPLE21 It is proposed to add to a square lawn measuring 58

cm on a side, two circular ends. The centre of each circle being
the point of intersection of the diagonal of the square. Find the
area the whole lawn.

SOLUTION We have,

Length of the diagonal of

the square = √ 582 +582=58 √ 2cm

So, radius of the circle having centre at

the point of intersection of
diagonals is 29√ 2 cm.
Now,

Area of one circular end

= Area of a segment of angle 90° in a circle of radius 29

√ 2cm = 7 × 360 −sin 45 ° cos 45 ° × ¿ cm ∵ Area= 360 −sin 2 cos 2 r =

{ } [ { }]
22 90 2 πθ θ θ 2

( 1114 − 12 ) ×29 ×29 × 2 cm =29× 29 ×2 × 144 cm = 3364

2 2
7
cm 2

∴ Area of the whole lawn = Area of the square + 2 (Area of a

circular end)

= 58× 58+2 × 7 cm2

{ }
3364

= 3364+2 × 7 cm2
{ }
3364

= 3364 1+ 7 cm =3364 × 7 cm =4325.14 cm

( )
2 2 9 2 2

EXAMPLE 22 In Fig.15.47, two circular flower beds have been

shown on two sides of a square lawn ABCD of side 56 m. If the
centre of each circular flower bed is the point of intersection of
the diagonals of the square lawn, find the sum of the areas of the
lawns and the flower beds.

SOLUTION We have,
AC = BD = √ 562 +562 =56√ 2m

∴ OA = OB = 1 AC =

28√ 2. m 2
2

So, radios of the circle having

centre at the point of
intersection of diagonals is
28√ 2 m.

Now,

Area of one circular end =

Area of a segment of angle
90° in a circle of radius 28√ 2 m.

= 7 360
[ ]
Substituting r=28 √ 2∧θ=90 °
{
22 90
× −sin 45 ° cos 45 ° }
× ¿
¿ Area= ( πθ
360
θ
2 )
θ 2
−sin cos r
2
=

{1411 − 12 }× 28 ×28 ×2 m 2

= 28×28 × 2× 14 cm =448 m
4 2 2

∴ Area of two flower beds = 2× 448 m2= 896m2

Area of the square lown = 56×56 m2 = 3136m2

Hence, Total area = (3136+896)m2 = 4032m2

EXAMPLE23 . Find the area of the shaded region in Fig. 15.48,

where ABCD is a square of side 10 cm. (Use π = 3.14)

SOLUTION Let us mark the four unshaded regions as R1, R2, R3

and R4.

We have,

Area of R1 + Area of R3

= Area of square ABCD−¿Area of two semi-circles having

centres at Q and S

= 10 ×10−2 × 2 ×3.14 × 5 cm [ ∵ Radius=ap=5 cm ]

( )
1 2 2

= (100−3.14 × 25 ¿ cm2=¿
Similarly, we have

Area of R2 + Area of R4 = 21.5 cm2

∴ Area of the shaded region

= Area of square ABCD−¿(Area of R1 + Area of R2 + Area of R3+

Area of R4)

=(100 —2×21.5)cm2 = 57cm2

EXAMPLE 24 Find the area of the shaded region in Fig.15.49, if

ABCD is a square of side 14 cm and APD and BPC are srmi-
circles.

SOLUTION We have,
Area of the shaded region

= Area of square ABCD −¿ Area of two semi-circles

= 14 × 14 cm2 −¿2 ( 2 × 7 ×7 ) cm2 = 196cm2 −¿154 cm2

1 222

= 42cm2 EXAMPLE 25 ABCD is a field in the shape of a

trapezium. AB ∥ DC and ∠ABC = 90°, ∠DAB = 60°. Four sectors
are formed with centres A, B, C and D (See Fig. 15.50). The
radius of each sector is 17.5 m. Find the

(i) total area of the four sectors.

(ii) area of remaining portion given that AB = 75m and CD
= 50 m.

SOLUTION Since AB ∥ CD and ∠ABC = 90°. Therefore ∠BCD =

90°. Also,

∠BAD = 60°

∴∠CDA = 180° −¿ 60° = 120°

[Co-interior angles] (i) We have,

Total area of the four sectors

= Area of sector at A + Area of sector at B + Area of sector

at C

+ Area of sector at D.

= 360 × π ׿
60

=¿

= π× 2 m = 7 × 7 × 7 m =96.25 m
( )
2
35 2 22 35 35 2 2
(ii)Let DL be perpendicular drawn from D on AB. Then,

AL=AB−¿BL=AB−¿CD=(75−¿50)m=25m

In ∆ ALD, we have

tan 60° = AL ⟹ √ 3= 25 ⟹ DL=25 √ 3 m

DL DL

∴ Area of trapezium ABCD = 2 (AB + CD)× DL

1

= 2 (75 + 50) × 25√ 3m2

1

= 1562.5 × 1.732 m2 =
2706.25 m2

Hence,

Area of the remaining portion = Area of trapezium ABCD −¿

Area of 4 sectors
= 2706.25
m −¿ 962.5m
2
= 1743.75
m2 EXAMPLE 26 A round
2

table cover has six

equal designs as shows
in Fig15.51. If the radius
of the cover is 28 cm, find
the cost of making the
designs at the rate of Rs
3.50 per cm2. (Use √ 3 =1.7)

SOLUTION We observe that the designs form six segments of a

circle of radius 28 cm and each of angle 60°.

∴ Area of six designs

= 6 360 × π r −sin 2 cos 2 r cm2

{ }
θ 2 θ θ 2

= 6 ¿ [ ∵ r=28 cm∧θ=60 ° ]

= 6 6 × 7 × 28× 28− 2 × 2 × 28 ×28 cm

{ }
1 22 1 √3 2

= (88×28−6 × √3 ×7 × 28 cm2 = (2464−1999.2 ¿ cm2 = 464.8cm2

Hence,

Cost of making the designs at the rate of Rs 3.50 per cm2

= Rs 464.8 ×
3.50 = Rs1626.80

EXAM PLE 27 Find

the area of the
shaded region in
Fig15.52, where a
circular arc of radius 6
cm has been drawn
with vertex O of an
equilateral triangle
OAB of side 12 cm as
centre.

SOLUTION We have,

Required Area = Area of ∆ OAB + Area of the circle

−¿Area of a sector of a circle of radius 6

cm and of angle 60°
⟹ Required Area = 4 × 12 + π × 6 − 360 × π ×6 cm
{ }
√3 2 2 60 2 2

= (36 √ 3+36 π−6 π ¿ cm2 =

(36 √ 3+30 × 227 ) cm = ( 6607 +36 √3) cm

2 2

EXAMPLE 28 On a circular table

cover of radius 32 cm, a design is
formed leaving an equilateral
triangle ABC in the middle as
shown in Fig. 15.53. Find the
area of the design (shaded region).

SOLUTION In ∆ OBD, we have

cos 60° = OB andsin 60 ° = OB ⟹ 2 = 32 and 2

OD BD 1 OD √3 BD
32

⟹ OD = 16 and BD = 16√ 3

⟹ BC = 2BD = 32√ 3

Area of the shaded region= Area of the circle−¿

Area of ∆ ABC

⟹ Area of the shaded region = ¿ cm2

⟹ Area of the shaded region = 7 × 32× 32−786 √ 3 cm

{ }
22 2

⟹ Area of the shaded region = {22528 −768 √ 3 } cm 2

7
EXAMPLE 29 In Fig. 15.54, AB and CD are two diameters of a
circle (with centre O) perpendicular to each other and OD is the
diameter of the smaller circle. If OA = 7 cm, find the area tie
shaded region.

SOLUTION We have,

Area of the shaded region

= (Area of circle with OD ( = 7 cm) as diameter)

+ Area of semi-circle with AB as diameter

−¿Area of ∆ ABC

= π× ()
2
7 1 2 1
+ × π ×(7) − × AB ×OC
2 2 2

= 4 × 49+ 2 × 49− 2 × 14 ×7 cm
{ }
π π 1 2

= ( 34π × 49−49) cm 2

= 4 × 7 × 49−49 cm = 2 cm =66.5 cm
( )
3 22 2 231−98 2 2

EXAMPLE 30 Calculate the area of the

designed region in Fig.15.55 common
between two quadrants of circles of radius 8 cm each.

SOLUTION Wehave,
Area of the designed region

= 2 ( Area of quadrant ABPD −¿Area of ∆ ABD)

= 2 7 × 4 ×64−32 cm2
{ }
22 1

=2 {22 ×16 −32} cm 2

7

=2 ( 352−224 ) 2 256 2
cm = cm
7 7

EXAMPLE 31 On a square handkerchief, nine

circular designs each of radius 7 cm are made.
Find the area of the remaining portion of the
handkerchief See (Fig. 15.56).

SOLUTION We have,

Radius of each circle = 7 cm

∴ Diameter of each circle = 14 cm.

∴ Length of each side of the square = 14 cm + 14 cm +

14 cm = 42 cm
So, area of the handkerchief = 42 × 42 cm2, = 1764cm2

Area of 9 circles each of 7 cm radius = (9× π ×7 2 ¿ cm2

= ¿ 9 × 7 7 cm =
( )
22 2 2

1386cm2

Hence Are of the remaining portion of handkerchief = 1764 cm2

−¿ 1386 cm2

= 378cm2

EXAMPLE 32. Find the area of the shaded region in Fig.15.57, if

PQ = 24cm PR =7 cm and O is the centre Clearly,

SOLUTION Clearly, ∠RPQ is the angle in a semi-circle.

Therefore, it is a right angle in ∆ RPQ,

we have

RQ2 = RP2 + PQ2

⟹ RQ2 = 72 +24 2

⟹ RQ 2=625

⟹ RQ = 25 cm

∴ Radius of the circle = 2 RQ= 2 cm

1 25

Now,

Area of the shaded region = Area of the semi-circle−¿Area

of ∆ RPQ

= 2 π r − 2 × PR × PQ
1 2 1
= 2 × 7 × 2 − 2 ×7 × 24 cm
{ ( ) }
2
1 22 25 1 2

= {6875 −84 } cm =
2 4523 2
cm
28 28

EXAMPLE 33 In Fig. 15.58, a crescent is formed by two circles

which touch at A. C is the centre of the larger circle. The width
of the crescent at BD is 9 cm and al EF it is 5 cm. Find (i) the
radii of two circles (ii) the area of the shaded region.

SOLUTION (i) Let the radii of the larger and smaller circles be R
and r respectively. Then,

BD= 9 cm

⟹ 2R – 2r = 9

⟹ R −¿ r = 4.5 ….(i)

Join AE and DE. Let ∠CAE = θ Then, ∠AEC = 90° −¿ θ.

Now ∠AED = 90° ⟹∠ AEC + ∠ DEC = 90° ⟹ ∠DEC = 90° −¿

(90°−θ) = θ. Thus, in ∆ 's ACE and DCE,
we have

∠CAE = ∠CED = θ and ∠ACE =

∠ECD = 90°

So, by AA similarity criterion, we have

∆ ACE−∆ ECD

⟹
AC CE
=
EC CD

⟹
AC CF −EF
=
CF−EF BC −BD

⟹
R R−5
=
R−5 R−9
⟹ R(R−9 ¿=¿

⟹ 0 =−R+25 ⟹ R=25 cm

Substituting the value of R in (i), we have

25−r =4.5 ⟹ r=20.5 cm

(ii), Clearly

Area of the shaded region = π R 2−π r 2

= π(R2−r 2 ¿

= π (R+r) (R−r ¿

= 3.14 (25+20.5)25−20.5 ¿cm2

= 3.14× 45.5 ×4.5 cm2 =642.915 cm2

EXAMPLE 34 In Fig. 15.59, three circles

of radius 2 cm touch one another
externally. These circle are,
circumscribed by a circle of radius R cm.
Find the value of R and the area of the
shaded region in terms, of π and √ 3.

SOLUTION Clearly, ∆ ABC is an

equilateral triangle of side 4 cm.

In ∆ BDO, we have
BD
cos ∠ OBD=
OB

⟹
2
cos 30 °= [ ∴ ∠ OBD=30 ° ]
OB

⟹
√3 = 2
2 OB
⟹ OB = 3
4
√
∴ OP = OB + BP

⟹ R= ( √43 +2)cm
Area of the shaded region = Area of the larger circle of radius R

−¿3× Area of a smaller circle of

radius 2 cm

+ 6× Area of a sector of angle 60° in a

circle of radius 2 cm
− Areaof ∆ ABC

= π
{( ) ( ) }
4
2
2
+2 −3 × π 2 + 6 ×
60 2 √3 2 2
× π × 2 − × 4 cm
√ 3 360 4

={ ( √ }
√ )
16 16 2
π + 4+ −12 π +4 π −4 3 cm
3 3

={ ( √ }
√ )
16 16 2
π + 4+ −4 3 cm
3 3

= { 43π ( 4 √ 3+1)−4 √ 3}cm 2

EXAMPLE 35 In Fig. 19.60, ABC is an equilateral triangle

inscribed in a circle of radius 4cm with centre O. Find the area of
the shaded region.

SOLUTION We have, R = 4 cm

∴ AB = BC = CA = R√ 3=4√ 3 cm ∵ R= 3 h andh= 2 a ∴ R=
[ ]
2 √3 a
√3

∠AOC = 2∠ABC = 2×60 °=120°

∴ Required area =
1 ˚ of ∆ ABC )
( Area of the− Area
3

⟹ Required area = 3 π R − 4 ×(Side) { }

2 √3 1 2

⟹ Required area = 3 ¿
1

⟹ Required area = 3 (16 π −12 √3)cm

1 2

EXAMPLE 36 In the adjoining figure, ABC is

a right angled triangle at A. Find the area of
the shaded region if AB = 6 cm, BC =10cm
and I is the centre of incircle of ∆ ABC,

SOLUTION Applying pythagoras theorem in

∆ ABC,we have

BC2 = AB2 + AC2

⟹ AC2 = BC2 −¿ AB2

⟹ AC2 = 100 −¿ 36 = 64

⟹ AC = 8 cm

∴ Area of ∆ ABC = 2 × AB × AC
1

⟹ Area of ∆ ABC = 2 × 6 × 8 cm2 = 24cm2

1

Let r cm be the radius of the incircle.

Clearly,

Area of ∆ ABC = Area of ∆ IBC + Area of ∆ ICA + Area of ∆ IAB

⟹ 24= 2 ( BC ×r ) + 2 ( CA ×r )+ 2 ( AB× r)
1 1 1
⟹ 24=

1
r ( BC +CA+ AB )
2

⟹ 24= 2 ×r ×(10+8+ 6)
1

⟹ 24 = 12r

⟹ r=2

∴ Area of the shaded region = Area of ∆ ABC−¿Area of the

incircle

⟹ Area of the shaded region = 24 −¿ π r2 = 24− 7 × 4 cm2 =

( )
22

80 2
cm
7

EXAMPLE 37 In Fig. 15.63, ABCD is a trapezium with AB ∥ DC

and ∠BCD = 60° .If BFEC is a sector of a circle with centre C
and AB = BC = 7 cm and DE = 4 cm, then find the area of the
shaded region (Use π = 7 ∧√3=¿ 1.7 32). and fj =1.732).
22
SOLUTION Clearly, CE = CB = 7 cm

∴ CD = CE + ED = (7 + 4) cm = 11 cm

In ∆ CLB, we have

sin 60° = BC ⟹ 2 = 7 ⟹ BL= 2 cm

BL √ 3 BL 7 √3

∴ Area of trapezium = 2 ( AB+ CD ) × BL= 2 ( 7+11 ) × 2 cm = 2 cm

1 1 7 √ 3 2 63 √ 3 2

Area of sector BFEC = 360° × 7 ×7 cm = 3 cm

60° 22 2 2 77 2

∴ Required area = ( 632√3 − 773 ) cm =( 54.558−25.666 ) cm =28.89 cm

2 2 2

__________________________________________________________________
______EXERCISE 15.4

1. A plot is in the form of a rectangle ABCD having semi-circle

on BC as shown in Fig. 15.64. If AB = 60 m and BC = 28 m,
find the area of the plot.

2. A play ground has

the shape of a rectangle,
with two semi-circles
on its smaller sides as diameters, added to its outside. If the
sides of the rectangle are 36 m and 24.5 m, find the area of the
playground. (Take π = 22/7 ).
3. The outer circumference of a circular race-track is 528 m. The
track is everywhere 14 m wide. Calculate the cost of levelling the
track at the rate of 50 paise per square metre . (Use π = 22/7 ).
4. A rectangular piece is 20 m long and 15 m wide. From its four
corners, quadrants of radii 3.5 m have been cut. Find the area of
the remaining part.
5. Four equal circles, each of radius 5 cm, touch each other as
shown in Fig. 15.65. Find the area included between them (Take
π = 3.14 ).
6. Four cows are tethered at four corners of a square plot of side
50 m, so that they just cannot reach one another. What area will
be left ungrazed? (Fig. 15.66)
11. Prove that the area of a circular path of uniform width h
surrounding a circular region of radius r is πh (2r + h).

12. The inside perimeter of a running track (shown in Fig. 15.67)

is 400 m. The length of each of the straight portion is 90 m and
the ends are semi-circles. If the track is everywhere 14 m wide,
find the area of the track. Also find the length of the outer
running track.
13. Find the area of Fig. 15.68, in square cm, correct to one
place of decimal. (Take π = 22/7 ).

14. In Fig. 15.69, AB and CD are two diameters of a circle

perpendicular to each other and OD is the diameter of the
smaller circle. If OA = 7 cm, find the area of the shaded region.
15. In Fig. 15.70, OACB is a quadrant of a circle with centre O
and radius 3.5 cm. If OD = 2 cm, find the area of the (i) quadrant
OACB (ii) shaded region.

16. From each of the two opposite corners of a square of side 8

cm, a quadrant of a circle of radius 1.4 cm is cut. Another circle
of radius 4.2 cm is also cut from the centre as shown in Fig.
15.71. Find the area of the remaining (shaded) portion of the
square. (Use π = 22/7).
17. Find the area of the shaded region in Fig. 15.72, if AC = 24
cm, BC = 10cm centre of the circle. (Use π = 3.14)
18.
In
Fig.

15.72 (a), OABC is a square of side 7 cm. If OAPC is a quadrant

of a circle with centre O then find the area of the shaded region.
(Use π = 22/7)
__________________________________________________________________
__________ANSWERS

1. 1988 m2 2. 1353.625 m2 3. Rs. 3388 4. 261.5 m2

5. 21.5 cm2 6. 535.71 m2 7. 2618 m2 8. 7 a

6 2

9. Rs. 3140 10. Rs. 5887.50 12. 6216 m2, 488 m

13. 115.3 cm2 14. 115.5 cm2 15. (i) 9.625 cm2 (ii) 6.482 cm2

16. 5.48 cm2 17. 145.33 cm2 18. 10.5 cm2

________________________________________________________________R
EVISION EXERCISE 1. Three circles are placed on a plane in
such a way that each circle just touches the other two, each
having a radius of 10 cm. Find the area of region enclosed by
them.

2. The diameters of the front and rear wheels of a tractor are 80

cm and 2 m respectively. Find the number of revolutions that
rear wheel will make to cover the distance which the front wheel
covers in 1400 revolutions.

3. Find the area of the circle in which a square of area 64 cm2 is

inscribed.

[Use π = 3.14]

4. The diameter of a wheel of a bus is 90 cm which makes 315

revolutions per minute. Determine its speed in kilometres per
hour. [Use π = 22/7].

5. In Fig. 15.73, OE = 20 cm. In sector OSFT, square OEFG is

inscribed. Find the area of the shaded region.
j-6. In Fig. 15.74, O is the centre of circle of radius 28 cm. Find
the area of minor segment ASB.

7. In Fig. 15.75, PQRS is a square of side 4 cm. Find the area of

the shaded
square.
8. A bucket is raised from a well by means of a rope which is
wound round a wheel of diameter 77 cm (Fig. 15.76). Given that
the bucket ascends in 1 minute 28 seconds with a uniform speed
of 1.1 m /s. Calculate the number of complete revolutions the
wheel makes in raising the bucket.

9. A circle is inscribed in an equilateral triangle ABC is side 12

cm, touching its sides (Fig. 15.77). Find the radius of the

inscribed circle and the area shapart.

10. In Fig. 15.78, an equilateral triangle ABC of side 6 cm has
been inscribed in a circle. Find the area of the shaded region.
(Take π = 3.14).

11. A circular field has a perimeter of 650 m. A square plot

having its vertices on the circumference of the field is marked in
the field. Calculate the area of the square plot.

12. In Fig. 15.79, the square ABCD is divided into five equal
parts, all having same area. The central part is circular and the
lines AE, GC, BF and HD lie along the diagonals AC and BD of
the square. If AB = 22 cm, find:
(i) the circumference of the central part. (ii) the perimeter of the
part ABEF.

13. In Fig. 15.80, ABCD

is a rectangle, having AB =
20 cm and BC = 14 cm. Two
sectors of 180° have been cut off. Calculate:

(i) the area of the shadded region.

(ii) the length of the boundary of the shaded region.

14. The diameter of a coin is 1 cm (Fig. 15.81). If four such coins
be placed on a table so that the rim of each touches that of the
other two, find the area of the shaded region (Take π = 3.1416).

15. From a circular piece of carboard of radius 3 cm two sectors

of 90° have been cut off. Find the perimeter of the remaining
portion nearest hundredth centimeters (Take π = 22/7 ).

16. The area of a sector is one-twelfth that of the complete circle.

Find the angle of the sector.

17. The radius of a circle with centre O is 5 cm (Fig. 15.82). Two

radii OA and OB are drawn at right angles to each other. Find
the areas of the segments made by the chord AB (Take π = .14).
18. ABCDEF is a regular hexagon with centre O (Fig. 15.83). If
the area of triangle OAB is 9 cm2, find the area of: (i) the
hexagon and (ii) the circle in which the haxagon is incribed.

19. From a thin metallic piece, in the shape of a trapezium ABCD,

in which AB ∥ CD and ∠BCD = 90°, a quarter circle BEFC is
removed (see Fig. 15.84). Given AB = BC = 3.5 cm and DE = 2
cm, calculate the area of the remaining piece of the metal sheet.

20. Find the area enclosed between two concentric circles of

radii 3.5 cm and 7 cm. A third concentric circle is drawn outside
the 7 cm circle, such that the area enclosed between it and the 7
cm circle is
same as that
between
the two inner
circles. Find the
radius of the
third circle
correct to one
decimal place.
21. A path of 4 m width runs round a semi-circular grassy plot
whose circumference is 163 7 m Find:
3

(i) the area of the path

(ii) the cost of gravelling the path at the rate of Rs 1.50 per
square metre

(iii) the cost of turfing the plot at the rate of 45 paise per m2.

22. Fig. 15.85, shows the cross-section of railway tunnel. The

radius OA of the circular part is 2 m. If ∠AOB = 90°, calculate:

(i) the height of the tunnel

(ii) the perimeter of the cross-section

(iii) the area of the cross-section.

23. In Fig. 15.86, ABC is a right-angled triangle, ∠B = 90°, AB =
28 cm and BC = 21 cm. With AC as diameter a semicircle is
drawn and with BC as radius a quarter circle is drawn. Find the
area of the shaded region correct to two decimal places.

24. In Fig. 15.87, there are three semicircles, A, B and C having

diameter 3 cm each, and another semicircle E having a circle D
with diameter 4.5 cm are shown. Calculate:

(i) the area of the shaded region

(ii) the cost of painting the shaded region at the rate of 25 paise
per cm2, to the nearest rupee.
25. In Fig. 15.88, O is the centre of a circular arc and AOB is a
straight Find the perimeter and the area of the shaded region
correct to one decimal place. (Take π = 3.142)

26. In Fig. 15.89, ABCD is a square of side 2a. Find the ratio
between

(i) the circumferences

(ii) the areas of the incircle and the circum-circle of the square.
27. In Fig. 15.90, two circles with centres A and B touch each

other at the point C. If AC = 8 cm and AB = 3 cm, find the area of

the shaded region.
28. In Fig. 15.91, ABCD is a rectangle with AB =14 cm and BC =
7 cm. Taking DC, BC and AD as diameters, three semi-circles are
drawn as shown in the figure. Find the area of the shaded region.

29. In Fig. 15.92, ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 8 cm. A, B

and C are the centres of circular arcs of radius 4 cm. Find the
area of the shaded region correct upto 2 decimal places. (Take π
= 3.142 and √ 3 = 1.732).
30. In Fig. 15.93, the
boundary of the shaded region
consists of four semi-circular
arcs, the smallest two
being equal. If the diameter of
the largest is 14 cm and of the
smallest is 3.5 cm, find

(i) the length of the boundary. (ii) the area of the shaded region.

31. Fig. 15.94., shows a kite in which BCD is the shape of a

quadrant of a circle of radius 42 cm. ABCD is a square and ∆ CEF
is an isosceles right angled triangle whose equal sides are 6 cm
long. Find the area of the shaded region.
32. In Fig. 15.95, AB = 36 cm and M is mid-point of AB. Semi-
circles are drawn on AB, AM and MB as diameters . A circle with
centre C touches all the three circles. Find the area of the
shaded region.

33. In Fig. 15.96, ABC is a right angled triangle in which ∠A =

90°, AB = 21cm and AC = 28 cm. Semi-circles are described on
AB, BC and AC as diameters. Find the area of the shaded region.
34. In Fig. 15.97, a square OABC is inscribed in a quadrant
OPBQ of a circle. If OA = 21 cm, find the area of the shaded
region.

35 Two circular pieces of equal radii and maximum area,

touching each other are cut out from a rectangular card board of
dimensions 14 cm × 7 cm. Find the area of the remaining card
board. ( Use π = 22/7 )

__________________________________________________________________
___________ANSWERS
1. 16.05 cm2 2. 560 3. 100.48 cm2 4. 53.46
km/h

5. 228 cm2 6. 30.85 cm2 (approx.) 7. (16 −¿

2π)cm2

8. 40 9. 2√ 3 cm, 24.638 cm2 10. 22.126

cm2

11. 21387 m2 12. (i) 34.88 cm (ii) 50.64 cm

13. (i) 126 cm2 (ii) 84 cm

14. 0.2146 cm2 15. 9.428 cm 16. 30°

17. 7.135 cm2, 71.425 cm2 18. (i) 54 cm (ii) 65.23 cm2

19. 6.125cm2 20. 115.5 cm2 9.26 cm

21. (i) 352m2 (ii) Rs 528 (iii) Rs 478

22. (i) (2 + √ 2)m (ii) (3π+2√ 2)m (iii) (3π+2)m2(3it + 2,Th m (3it +
2) m2

23. 428.75 cm2

24. (i) 12.375 cm2 (ii) Rs 3

25. 59.4 cm, 61.1 cm2 26. (i) 1 : √ 2 (ii) 1 :2

27. 122.57 cm2 28. 59.5 cm2 29. 2.576 cm2 30. (i) 44 cm (ii)
86.625 cm2

31. 1404 cm2 32. 45 π cm2 33. 294 cm2 34. 2331 cm2

35. 21cm2

__________________________________________________HINTS TO
SELECTED PROBLEMS 6. Area of minor segment = Area of
sector OAB−¿Area of ∆ OAB
Area of sector OAB = 360 ×θ= 7 × 360 ×28 × 45 cm =308 cm
( )
2
πr 22 1 2 2 2

Area of ∆ OAB = 2 ×OA ×OB ×sin 45° ∵ Areaof ∆ ABC= 2 AB × AC ×sin A

[ ]
1 1

= 2 ×28 × 28× 2 cm =14×14 × √ 2 cm2

1 1 2

√
=196×1.414 cm2=277.144 cm2

∴ Area of minor segment = (308−277.144 ¿ cm2=30.856 cm2

8. Let the wheel make n revolutions in raising the bucket. Then,

n × Circumference of the wheel = Distance travelled by the

bucket in 88 seconds ⟹ n× 7 × 77=110 × 88 ⟹ n=40
22

12. Let the radius of the central part be r cm. Then,

Area of the central part = 5 × Area of the square

1

⟹ 7 ×r = 5 ×22 ×22 ⟹ r = 5 = 5 ⟹ r=5.549 ≅ 5.555 cm

22 2 1 2 22 ×7 154

(i) Circumference of central part = 2πr = 2 × 7 × 5.55 = 34.88 cm

22

(iii) Let O be the centre of the central part. Clearly, O is

also the centre of the square.

We have,

AE = BF = OA −¿ OE 11√ 2−5.55 =15.51 −¿ 5.55 = 9.96

1 cm

EF = 4 (Circumference of the circle) =

1

= = × × 5.55=¿ 8.72 cm
2 πr πr 1 22
4 2 2 7
∴ Perimeter of part ABEF = AB + AE + EF +BF

= 22 + 2 × 9.96 + 8.72 cm
= 50.64 cm

25. Area of the shaded region = Area of semi-cricle with AB as

diameter−¿Area of ∆ ABC

( 12 × π ×10 − 12 ×12× 16) cm = 61.1

2 2

cm2 Perimeter of the shaded region = (π×10 + 12 + 16) cm =

59.4 cm

26. We have,

AC = √ 2× 2 a=2 √ 2 a

∴ Radius of larger circle =√ 2 a a and, Radius of smaller circle

=a

(i) Ratio of circumferences = 2πa: 2π√ 2 a=1 : √ 2

Ratio of area's = πr 2 : π ( √ 2 a) 2 = 1 : 2

27. Required area = (π× 82 × 52 ¿= 39πcm2 = 122.57cm2

28. Area of shaded region = Area of two semi-circles + Area of

rectangle ABCD

−¿ Area of semi-circle
with CD as diameter. 29. Area of shaded region = Area of ∆ ABC
−¿ Area of 3 sectors of sector angle 60°

= Area of ∆ ABC −¿ Area of semi-circle

of radius 4 cm

= = ( √43 ×8 − 12 ×3.142 × 4 ) cm
2 2 2

= (27.712−25.136 ¿ cm2=2.576 cm2

30. (i) Length of the boundary = π × 7+ π × 2 + π 4 + π 4
{ ( 7 ) ( 7 )} cm
7

= 14πcm = 44cm

(ii)Area of the shaded region = 2 ×7 + 2 × 2 − 2 × 2 − 2 × 4

() () ()
2 2 2
π 2 π 7 π 7 π 7

= 2 ×7 1+ 4 − 16 − 16
( )
π 2 1 1 1

= 2 × 49× 8 cm =86.625 cm
π 9 2 2

31. Area of shaded region = Area of quadrant BCD +Area of ∆

EFC

= 4 × 7 × 42 + 2 ×6 ×6 cm =1404 cm
1 22 2 1 2 2

32. We have,

Radius of circle with C as centre = 6 AB = 6 cm

1

∴ Area of the shaded region = 2 π × 18 −2 2 × π × 9 −π × 6

( )
1 2 1 2 2

= π(162−81−36 ¿=45 π cm2

33. Area of the shaded region = Area of semi-circle with AB as

diamater

+ Area of semi-circle with AC

as diameter

+ Area of ∆ ABC

−¿ Area of semi-circle with BC

as diameter
= 2 {( ) ( ) } ( )
2 2 2
π 21 28 1 π 35
+ + ×21 ×28− ×
2 2 2 2 2

= 294cm2

CCE - FORMATIVE
ASSESSMENT
Very Short Answer Type Questions
(VSAQs)

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Summary

____________________________________VSAQs_______________________
__________________ Answer each of the following questions either
in one word or one sentence or as per requirement of the
questions:

1. What is the ratio of the areas of a circle and an equilateral

triangle whose diameter and a side are respectively equal?

2. If the circumference of two circles are in the ratio 2 : 3, what

is the ratio of their areas?

3. Write the area of the sector of a circle whose radius is r and

length of the arc is l.

4. What is the length (in terms of π) of the arc that subtends an

angle of 36° at the centre of a circle of radius 5 cm?

5. What is the angle subtended at the centre of a circle of radius

6 cm by an arc of length3π cm?

6. What is the area of a sector of a circle of radius 5 cm formed

by an arc of length 3.5 cm?
7. In a circle of radius 10 cm, an arc subtends an angle of 108° at
the centre. What is the area of the sector in terms of π?

8. If a square is inscribed in a circle, what is the ratio of the

areas of the circle and the square?

9. Write the formula for the area of a sector of angle θ (in

degrees) of a circle of radius r.

10. Write the formula for the area of a segment in a circle a

circle of radius r given that the sector angle is θ (in degrees).

11. If the adjoining figure is a sector of a circle of radius 10.5 cm,

what is the perimeter of the sector? (Take π = 22/7)

12. If the diameter of a semi-circular

protractor is 14 cm, then find its
perimeter.

13. An arc subtends an angle of 90° at

the centre of the circle of radius 14 cm. Write the area of minor
sector thus formed in terms of π .

__________________________________________________________________
_____ANSWERS

1. 4π:√ 3 2. 4 : 9 3. 2 lr 4. Πcm 5. 90° 6. 8.75cm2 7.

1

30πcm2
8. π:2 9. 360 × πr 10. 360 −sin 2 cos 2 r 11. 32cm 12. 36cm
( )
θ 2 πθ θ θ 2

13. 49πcm2

____________________________________MCQs________________________
___________________

1. If the circumference and the area of a circle are numerically

equal, then diameter of the circle is

(a) 2 (b) 2π (c) 2

π

(d) 4

2. If the difference between the circumference and radius of a

circle is 37 cm., then using π = 7 , the circumference (in cm) of
22

the circle is

(a) 154 (b) 44 (c) 14

(d) 7

3. A wire can be bent in the form of a circle of radius 56 cm. If

it is bent in the form of a square, then its area will be

(a) 3520 cm2 (b) 6400 cm2 (c) 7744 cm2

(d) 8800 cm2

4. If a wire is bent into the shape of a square, then the area of

the square is 81 cm2. When wire is bent into a semi-circular
shape, then the area of the semi-circle will be

(a) 22 cm2 (b) 44 cm2 (c) 77 cm2

(d) 154 cm2

5. A circular park has a path of uniform width around it. The

difference between the outer and inner circumferences of the
circular path is 132 m. Its width is
(a) 20 m (b) 21 m (c) 22 m
(d)24

6. The radius of a wheel is 0.25 m. The number of revolutions

it will make to travel a distance of 11 km will be

(a) 2800 (b) 4000 (c) 5500

(d)7000

7. The ratio of the outer and inner perimeters of a circular

path is 23 : 22. If the path is 5 metres wide, the diameter of
the inner circle is

(a) 55 m (b) 110 m (c) 220 m

(d) 230 m 8. The circumference of a circle is 100 cm. The
side of a square inscribed in the circle is

(a) 50√ 2 cm (b) π cm (c) cm

100 50 √ 2
π

(d) cm
100 √2
π

9. The area of the incircle of an equilateral triangle of side 42 cm

is

(a) 22√ 3 cm2 (b) 231cm2 (c) 462cm2

(d) 924 cm2

10. The area of incircle of an equilateral triangle is 154 cm2.

The perimeter of the triangle is

(a) 71.5cm (b)71.7cm (c) 72.3 cm

(d) 72.7cm

11 The area of the largest triangle that can be inscribed in a

semi-circle of radius r, is

(a) r2 (b) 2r2 (c) r3

(d) 2r3
12. The perimeter of a triangle is 30 cm and the circumference of
its incircle is 88 cm. The area of the triangle is

(a) 70 cm2 ( b) 140 cm2 (c) 210 cm2

(d) 420 cm2

13. The area of a circle is 220cm2. The area of a square inscribed

in it is

(a) 49 cm2 (b) 70 cm2 (c) 140 cm2

(d) 150 cm2

14. If the circumference of a circle increases from 4π to 8π, then

its area is

(a) halved (b) doubled (c) tripled

(d) quadrupled

15. If the radius of a circle is diminished by 10%, then its area is

diminished by

(a) 10% (b) 19% (c) 20%

(d) 36%

16. If the area of a square is same as the area of a circle, then

the ratio of their perimeters, in terms of π, is

(a) π:√ 3 (b) 2:√ π (c) 3 : π

(d) π:√ 2

17. The area of the largest triangle that can be inscribed in a

semi-circle of radius r is

(a) 2r (b) r2 (c) r

(d) √ r

18. The ratio of the areas of a circle and an equilateral triangle

whose diameter and a side are respectively equal, is
(a)π:√ 2 (b)π:√ 3 (c)√ 3 :π
(d)√ 2: π

19. If the sum of the areas of two circles with radii r1 and r2 is
equal to the area of a circle of radius r, then r 1 + r 2
2 2

(a)>r 2 (b)= r 2 (c) <r 2

(d) None of these

20. If the perimeter of a semi-circular protractor is 36 cm, then

its diameter is (a) 10 cm (b) 12 cm (c) 14
cm (d) 16 cm

21. The perimeter of the sector OAB shown in Fig. 15.99, is

(a) 64 cm (b) 26 cm (c) 5 cm

64 64

(d) 19 cm

22. If the perimeter of a

sector of a circle of radius 6.5
cm is 29 cm, then its area is

(a) 58 cm2 (b) 52 cm2

(c) 25 cm2 (d) 56 cm2

23. If the area of a sector of a circle bounded by an arc of length

5π cm is equal to 20π cm2, then its radius is
(a) 12 cm (b) 16 cm (c) 8 cm
(d) 10 cm

24. The area of the circle that can be inscribed in a square of

side 10 cm is

(a) 40π cm2 (b) 30π cm2 (c) 100π cm2 (d)
25π cm2

25 If the difference between the circumference and radius of a

circle is 37 cm , then

(a) 154cm2 (b) 160 cm2 (c)200cm2

(d)150cm2

26. The area of a circular path of uniform width h surrounding a

circular region of radius r is

(a) π(2r+h)r (b) π(2r+h)h (c)π(h+r)r

(d)π(h+r)h

27. If AB is a chord of length 5√ 3 cm of a circle with centre O a

sector and radius 5 cm, then area of sector OAB is

(a) 8 cm2 (b) 3 cm2 (c) 25πcm2

3π 8π

(d) 3 cm2
25 π

28. The area of a circle whose area and circumference are

numerically equal, is

(a) 2π sq.units (b) 4π sq. units (c) 6π sq. units

(d) 8π sq. units (a

29. If diameter of a circle is increased by 40%, then its area

increases by

(a) 96% (b) 40% (c) 80%

(d) 48%
30. In Fig. 15.100, the shaded area is

(a) 50 (π −¿ 2) cm2 (b) 25 (π −¿ 2) cm2

(c) 25 (π + 2) cm2 (d) 5 (π −¿2) cm2

31. In Fig. 15.101, the area of the segment

PAQ is

(a) (b) (c)

2 2
a a
(π + 2) (π −2)
4 4

(d) a (π + 1)
2 2
a
(π −1)
4 4

32. In Fig. 15.102, the area of segment ACB is

(a) 3 − 2 r2
( ) (b) 3 + 2 r2
( ) (c) 3 − 3 r (d) None of
( )
π √3 π √3 π 2 2

these
√
33. If the area of a sector of a
circle bounded by an arc of
length 5π cm is equal to 20π
cm2, then the radius of the
circle is

(a) 12 cm (b) 16 cm (c) 8 cm (d)

10 cm

34. In Fig. 15.103, the ratio of the areas of two sectors S1 and S2
is

(a) 5: 2 (b) 3 : 5 (c) 5 : 3

(d)4:5
35. If the area of a sector of a circle
is 18 of the area of the circle, then
5

the sector angle is equal to

(a) 60° (b) 90° (c) 100°

(d) 120°

36. If the area of a sector of a circle is 20 of the area of the circle,

7

then the sector angle is equal to

(a) 110° (b) 130° (c) 100° (d) 126°

37. In Fig. 15.104, if ABC is an equilateral triangle, then shaded

area is equal to (a) 3 − 4 r
( (b) 3 − 2 r
) ( (c) 3 + 4 r
) ( )
π √3 2 π √3 2 π √3 2

(d) 3 + √3 r
( )
π 2

38. In Fig. 15.105, the area of the shaded region is

(a) 3π cm2 (b) 6πcm2 (c) 9πcm2 (d)7πcm2

39. If the perimeter of a circle is equal to that of a square, then
the ratio of their areas is

(a) 13: 22 (b) 14: 11

(c) 22 : 13 (d) 11: 14

40. The radius of a circle is 20 cm.

It is divided into four parts of equal
area by drawing three concentric
circles inside it. Then, the radius of the largest of three
concentric circles drawn is

(a) 10√ 5 cm (b) 10√ 3 cm (c) 10 cm (d) 10√ 2

cm

41. The area of a sector whose perimeter is four times its radius
r units, is

(a)10√ 5cm sq. units (b) 2r2 sq. units (c) r2 sq. units (d) sq.
2
r

units
2

42. If a chord of a circle of radius 28 cm makes an angle of 90° at

the centre, then the area of the major segment is
(a) 392 cm2 (b) 1456 cm2 (c) 1848 cm2 (d) 2240
cm2

43. If area of a circle inscribed in an equilateral triangle is 48π

square units, then perimeter of the triangle is

(a) 17√ 3 units (b) 36 units (c) 72 units (d) 48√ 3units

44. The hour hand of a clock is 6 cm long. The area swept by it

between 11.20 am and 11.55 am is

(a) 2.75 cm2 (b) 5.5 cm2 (c) 11 cm2 (d) 10

cm 2
45. ABCD is a square of side 4 cm. If
E is a point in the interior of the square such that ∆ CED is
equilateral, then area of∆ ACE is

(a) 2 (√ 3 −¿ 1)cm2 (b) 4(√ 3 −¿ 1)cm2 (c) 6 (√ 3−¿ 1)cm2 (d) 8 (√ 3−¿
1)cm2

46. If the area of a circle is equal to the sum of the areas of two
circles of diameters 10 cm and 24 cm, then diameter of the
larger circle (in cm) is

(a) 34 (b) 26 (c) 17 (d)

14

47. If it is taken as 22/7, the distance (in metres) covered by a

wheel of diameter 35 cm, in one revolution, is

(a) 2.2 (b) 1.1 (c) 9.625 (d)

96.25

__________________________________________________________________
__________ ANSWERS

1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (b)

6. (d) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (c) 10. (d)

11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (d) 15. (b)

16. (d) 17. (b) 18. (c) 19. (b) 20. (c)

21. (a) 22. (b) 23. (c) 24. (d) 25. (a)

26. (b) 27. (d) 28. (b) 29. (a) 30. (b)

31. (b) 32. (b) 33. (c) 34. (d) 35. (c)

36. (d) 37. (a) 38. (a) 39. (d) 40. (b)

41. (c) 42. (a) 43. (d) 44. (b) 45. (b)

46. (b) 47. (b)

_________________________________________
SUMMARY_________________________________

1. For a circle of a radius r, we have

(i) Circumference = 2πr (ii) Area = πr2

(iii) Area of semi-circle = (iv) Area of a

2
πr
2

quadrant =
2
πr
4

2. If R and r are the radii of two concentric circles such that R

> r then.

Area enclosed by the two circles = πR2 −¿ πr2 = (R2 −¿ r2)

3. If a sector of a circle of radius r contains an angle of θ°. Then,

(i) Length of the arc of the sector = 360 ×2 πr

θ

= 360 ×
θ

(Circumference of the circle)

(ii) Perimeter of the sector = 2r + 360 ×2πr
θ

(iii) Area of the sector = 360 × π r = 360 ×(Area of the circle)

θ 2 θ

(iv) Area of the segment =

= Area of the corresponding sector −¿ Area of the

corresponding

= 360 × π r −r sin 2 cos 2 = 360 −sin 2 cos 2 r

{ }
θ 2 2 θ θ πθ θ θ 2