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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

QUESTION BANK
Control System (PC-EE503)
Discipline: 5th Semester, EE

Multiple Choice Questions [ 1 Mark ]

Module-I : Introduction to control system

1. The principal of superposition and homogeneity are applied only to
(a) Nonlinear (b) linear (c) nonlinear dynamic (d) both linear and nonlinear.
2. The difference of the reference input signal and the feedback signal is called
(a) error signal (b) differential signal (c) controlling signal (d) integral signal.
3. Traffic lights on roads are example of
(a) Closed loop system (b) Open loop system
(c) Both open loop and closed loop (d) Open loop but can be made closed loop
4. The effect of negative feedback is to
(a) increase the sensitivity to parameter variation in forward path (b) Reduce the overall gain
(c) slow the dynamic response (d) Decrease the bandwidth
5. Feedback control system is basically
(a) high pass filter (b) band pass filter (c) low pass filter (d) bank stop filter
6. Regenerative feedback means the output is feedback with
(a) positive sign (b) negative sign (c) step input (d) oscillator
7. Human system is
(a) a multivariasble feedback control system (b) an open loop control system
(c) a signal variable control system (d) a complex control system
8. When a human being tries to approach an object, his brain acts as
(a) an error measuring device (b) a controller (c) an actuator (d) an amplifier
9. Transfer function is defined as the
(a) Fourier transform of impulse response (b) Laplace transform of unit step response
(c) Laplace transform of impulse response (d) Laplace transform of unit ramp response.
10. The Laplace transform of the unit impulse function is
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) ∞ (d) >1

Module-II : Mathematical Modeling of dynamic System

1. Signal flow graph is used to obtain the
(a) stability of a system (b) transfer function of a system
(c) controllability of a system (d) Observability of a system
2. In a signal flow graph loops are said to be non-touching if
(a) they do not tuch alternate nodes (b) they do not touch any nodes
(c) they do not possess any common node (d) they possess one common node
3. Signal flow graph is
(a) topological representation of a set of differential equations
(b) Bode plot (c) polar plot (d) locus of root
4. In torque-current analogy, displacement is analogous to
(a) flux (b) moment of inertia (c) voltage (d) current
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5. In mechanical system, the spring force is proportional to

(a) motion (b) displacement (c) acceleration (d) mass
6. What is the overall transfer function of the block diagram given below?
G1G2  G2G3 G1G3  G2G3
(a) 1  G2 H1 (b) 1  G3 H1
G1G 2 G2G3 G1G3  G2G3
(c) (d) 1  G2G3 H1
7. The overall gain C(s)/R(s) of the signal flow graph shown in the figure is
G1G2 G1G2
(a) 1  G1G2 H1H 2 (b) 1  G2 H 2  G1G2 H1
G1G2 G1G2
(c) 1  G2 H 2  G1G2 H1H 2 (d) 1  G1G2 H1  G1G2 H 2
d 2 y dy du
   2u
8. Transfer function of the system described by dt 2 dt dt with u as input and y as output is
2s ( s  1) 2 ( s  2)
2 2 2 2
(a) ( s  s ) (b) ( s  s ) (c) ( s  s ) (d) ( s  s )
9. The transfer function for the diagram shown below is given by which one
of the following?
1 sRC sRC 1  sRC
(a) 1  sRC (b) 1  sRC (c) 1  sRC (d)
10. The transfer function of a simple R-C integrator circuit shown in figure us
1
given by [where a  RC ]
1 1 a a
(a) s  a (b) s  1 (c) s  a (d) s  a

Module - III : Time domain Analysis and Error Analysis

1. For a system to be operate in overdamped condition, the value of the damping ratio should be
(a) 1 (b) >1 (c) < 1 (d) 0
2
2. The characteristic equation of a system is s  2 s  2  0 . The system is
(a) Critically damped (b) undamped (c) Overdamped (d) underdamped.
d 2x dx
2
 1.5  4 x  u (t )
3. The natural frequency of oscillation of the output of the equation dt dt is
(a) 0 rad/sec (b) 1.5 rad/sec (c) 2 rad/sec (d) 4 rad/sec
4. If a system is critically damped and the gain is increased, the system
(a) becomes overdamped (b) becomes underdamped
(c) becomes oscillatory (d) remains critically damped
5. The settling time for an under damped second order system
(a) increases with damping ratio (b) reduces with damping ratio
(c) does not depend on damping ratio (d) may increase or decrease with damping ratio
6. Area under a unit impulse function is
(a) unity (b) zero (c) infinity (d) ten.
7. A system has a single pole at origin. Its impulse response will be
a) constant (b) ramp (c) decreasing exponential (d) oscillatory
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8. The characteristic equation is given by s 2  2 s  8  0 . The damping and natural frequencies are
given by
(a) 2 2, 0.5 (b) 0.5, 2 2 (c) 0.353, 2 2 (d) 2, 1 .
9. A second order system exhibit 100% overshoot. Its damping coefficient is
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 0.5 (d) ∞
2
10. The transfer function of a system is given as G ( s )  100 /( s  20 s  100) . The system is
(a) an overdamped system (b) an underdamped system
(c) a critically damped system (d) an unstable system
11. Type 1 system means that the open loop transfer function has a number of integrations equal to
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3.
C (s) 25
 2
12. The second order system defined by transfer function R( s ) s  5s  25 is given a unit step
input. The time taken for the output to settle within ±2% of the final value is
(a) 0.4 sec (b) 1.2 sec (c) 1.6 sec (d) 2 sec.
13. Addition of a pole to the closed loop transfer function
(a) increases rise time (b) decreases rise time (c) increases overshoot (d) has no effect
14. A system has a single pole at origin. Its impulse response will be
a) constant (b) ramp (c) decreasing exponential (d) oscillatory
2 H (s)  s  5
G (s)  2
15. The type of a system which has s  2 s  5 and is
(a) a type 0 system (b) a type 1 system (c) a type 2 system (d) a type 3 system
16. In type 1 system steady state acceleration error is
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c)  (d) 2.
17. The steady state error of unit ramp input in the type-2 system is
(a)  (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 3.
18. The settling time for a second order system responding to a step input with 5% oveshoot is
(a) 4 / n (b) 2 / n (c) 3 / n (d) 5 / n
19. The steady state error for an input 2u(t) applied to a type zero system is
1 2 1
(a) 2(1  k p ) (b) 1  k p (c) k p (d) 0
20. A linear time invariant system, initially at rest when subjected to a unit step input gave response
c(t )  t e t (t  0) . The transfer function of the system is
s 1 1 1
(d) s ( s  1)
2 2 2
(a) ( s  1) (b) s ( s  1) (c) ( s  1)
21. The type of a transfer function denotes the number of
(a) zero at origin (b) poles ay infinity (c) finite poles (d) poles at origin
22. Consider the unit step response of a unity feedback control system whose open loop transfer
1
G (s) 
function is s ( s  1) . The maximum overshoot is equal to
(a) 0.163 (b) 0.153 (c) 0.143 (d) 0.173
23. The system response can be tested better with
(a) sinusoidal input signal (b) ramp input signal
(c) unit impulse damping signal (d) exponentially decaying signal
K
Given that the transfers function G(s) is s (1  sT ) . State the type and order of the system
2
24.
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(a) 2&3 (b) 3&2 (c) 3&3 (d) 2&2

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25. The transfer function of a system is 1  s . The steady state error to unit step input when operated as
a unity feedback system is
(a) 10 (b) 0 (c) 1/11 (d) 
1
26. The transfer function of a system is 1  sT . The input to this system is tu(t). The output would
track this system, but the error would be
(a) 0 (b) T 2 (c) T (d) T/2
27. If the gain K of the system increases, the steady state error of the system
(a) decrease (b) increases (c) may increase or decreases (d) remain unchanged
28. The steady state error of a stable, type -0 unity feedback system for a unit step function is
(a) 0 (b) 1/(1+Kp) (c)  (d) 1/Kp
29. In the system shown in figure, the input x(t) = sin t. In the steady-
state, the response y(t) will be
1 sin (t  450 ) sin (t  450 ) 1 sin (t  450 ) sin (t  450 )
(a) 2 (b) (c) 2 (d)
30 The impulse response of a second order under-damped system starting from rest is given by:
c(t )  12.5e6t sin 8t ; t  0 . What are the value of natural frequency and damping factor of the
system, respectively?
(a) 10 units and 0.6 (b) 10 units and 0.8 (c) 8 units and 0.6 (d) 8 units and 0.8

Module-IV : Stability Analysis

1. A system is stable
(a) if bounded inputs produce bounded outputs
(b) if unbounded inputs produce bounded outputs
(c) if bounded inputs produce unbounded outputs
(b) if all bounded inputs produce bounded outputs
2. None of the poles of a linear control system lies in the right half of s-plane. For a bounded
input, the output of this system
(a) is always bounded (b) could be unbounded(c) always tends to zero(d) none of the above.
3. Number of roots on the equation 2s4 + s3 + 3s2 + 5s + 7 = 0 that in lie in the right half of s-plane is
(a) zero (b) one (c) two (d) three
K
2
4. What is the range of K for which the open loop transfer function s ( s  a ) with unity feedback
represents an unstable closed loop system?
(a) K> 0 (b) K = 0 (c) K< 0 (d) -  <K< 
5. The location of the closed loop conjugate pair of pole on jω axis indicates that the system is
(a) stable (b) unstable (c) marginally stable (d) critically stable.
6. If the gain (k) of a system become zero, the roots will
(a) move away from zero (b) move away from poles
(c) coincide with the zero (d) coincide with poles
7. The characteristic equation of a system is given by 3s4 + 10s3 + 5s2 + 2 = 0. This system is
(a) stable (b) marginally stable (c) unstable (d) neither (a), (b) nor (c)
8. Root locus of s(s + 2) + K (s + 4) = 0 is a circle. What are the co-ordinates of the centre of this
circle?
(a) - 2, 0 (b) - 3, 0 (c) -4,0 (d) -5,0
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9. If the system has multiple poles on the j -axis, the system is

(a) Stable (b) unstable (c) marginally stable (d) conditionally stable
k
G (s)  .
10. s (1  sT ) This system is operated in closed loop with unity feedback. The closed loop
system is
(a) Stable (b) unstable (c) marginally stable (d) conditionally stable
K
The transfer function G(s) is s (1  sT ) . This open loop system is
2
11.
(a) Stable (b) unstable (c) marginally stable (d) conditionally stable
12. If the characteristic equation of a system is s 3  14 s 2  56 s  K  0 then it will be stable only if
(a) 0 < K < 784 (b) 1 < K < 64 (c) 10 > K > 660 (d) 4 < K < 784
k
13. The transfer function is ( s  1)( s  2)( s  3) . The break point will lie between
(a) 0 & -1 (b) -1 & -2 (c) -2 & -3 (d) beyond -3
14. The terms in the first column of Routh’s array of a characteristic equation are 6, 9, 2, 4, -3. The
number of roots of characteristic equation in the right half of s-plane is equal to
(a) 0 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 1
15. The root locus of a system has four separate loci. The system can have
(a) four poles or four zeros (b) four poles and four zeros
(c) six poles and two zeros (d) two poles and two zeros
16. Root locus techniques is applicable to
(a) single loop system (b) multiple loop system
(c) single as well on multiple loop system (d) not more than two loop systems.
A closed loop system has the following characteristic equation s  6 Ks  ( K  2) s  8  0 , where
3 2
17.
K is the forward gain of the system. The condition for closed loop stability is
(a) K = 0.528 (b) K = 2 (c) K = 0 (d) K = - 2.528
K ( s  10)( s  100)
G (s) H (s) 
18. The loop transfer function of a system is given by: s ( s  25) 2 . The number of
loci terminating at infinity is
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
19. The centre of asymptotes for an open-loop transfer function
(a) - 1 (b) – 3 (c) – 4 (d) 0
3 2
20. The characteristic equation of a feedback control system is given by s  5s  ( K  6) s  K  0 . In
the root loci diagram, the asymptotes of the root loci for large 'K' meet at a point in the s-plane
whose coordinates are
(a) (2, 0) (b) (-1, 0) (c) (-2, 0) (d) (-3, 0)
21. The characteristic equation of a control system is given by s(s + 4)(s2 + 2s + 5) + k(s + 1) = 0
What are the angles of the asymptotes for the root loci for k > 0?
(a) 60°, 180°, 300° (b) 0°, 180°, 300° (c) 120°, 180°, 240° (d) 0°, 120°, 240°

Module-V: Frequency Domain Analysis

1. The Nyquist plot of loop transfer function G(s)H(s) of a closed loop control system passes through
the point (-1, j0) in the G(s)H(s)-plane. The phase margin of the system is
(a) 0° (b) 45° (c) 90° (d) 180°
2. The gain of a system is 10. In terms of dB it is
(a) 0 dB (b) 1 dB (c) 20 dB (d) 100 dB.
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3. The transfer function 1/(1+sT) has slope of

(a) 6 dB/decade (b) - 6 dB/decade (c) 20 dB/decade (d) - 20 dB/decade
4. Phase margin of a system is used to specify
(a) time response (b) relative stability (c) absolute stability (d) frequency response
5. The error at corner frequency due to the term (1+jωT)±N
(a) ± 5N dB (b) ± 6 dB (c) ± 3 N dB (d) ± 3N dB
6. Two important performance indices for a second order system are
(a) both width and break frequency (b) resonant peak and resonant frequency
(c) error frequency and resonant frequency (d) resonant peak and angular velocity
7. Gain margin is the reciprocal of the gain at the frequency at which the phase angle is
(a) 900 (b) 1800 (c) – 1800 (d) 00
8. If the gain of a third order system (all poles) in increased, then the phase margin
(a) remain constant (b) decreases (c) increases (d) it is not possible to predict.
s2  1
G (s) H (s) 
9. The angle of asymptotes w.r.t. root locus plot for a control system having s ( s  1)
0 0 0
(a)  90 (b)  180 (c)  270 (d) nil.
10. For a parallel resonant circuit, if the damped frequency is √8rad/s and the bandwidth is 2 rad/s, the
resonant frequency of the circuit is
(a) 10 rad/s (b) 7 rad/s (c) 3 rad/s (d) 2 rad/s
11. If the gain of the open loop system is doubled, the gain margin
(a) is not affected (b) gets doubled (c) becomes half (d) becomes one fourth
12. The unit circle of the Nyquist plot transforms into 0db line of the amplitude plot of the Bode
diagram at
(a) 0 frequency (b) low frequency (c) high frequency (d) any frequency
13. When the phase crossover frequency is equal to the gain crossover frequency the system exhibits
(a) sustained oscillations (b) damped oscillatory response
(c) oscillations of increasing amplitude (d) overdamped response
( s  1)
G (s) H (s) 
14. An open loop system represented by the transfer function ( s  2)( s  3) is
(a) stable and of the minimum phase type (b) stable and of the non-minimum phase type
(c) unstable and of the minimum phase type (d) unstable and of the non-minimum phase type
K
G ( j )  .
15. A unity feedback system has an open loop transfer function j ( j 0.2  1)( j 0.05  1)
The phase cross over frequency of the Nyquist plot is given by
(a) 1 rad/sec (b) 100 rad/sec (c) 10 rad/sec (d) none of the above
16. If the Nyquist plot of a certain feedback system crosses the negative real axis at -0.1 point, the gain
margin of the system is given by
(a) 0.1 (b) 10 (c) 100 (d) none of the above
17. The frequency at which the Nyquist diagram cuts (-1,0) circle is known as
(a) gain crossover frequency (b) phase crossover frequency
(c) damping frequency (d) natural frequency
18. If the gain of the open loop system is doubled, the gain margin
(a) is not affected (b) gets doubled (c) becomes half (d) becomes one forth.
19. If the Nyquist plot cuts the negative real axis at a distance of 0.4, then the gain margin of the
system is
(a) 0.4 (b) -0.4 (c) 4% (d) 2.5
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20. The Nyquist plot of a system passes through (-1, j0) point in the G(jω)H(jω) plane, the phase-
margin of the system is
(a) infinite (b) greater than zero but not infinite (c) zero (d) less than zero
1 s
G (s) 
21. s (1  0.5s ) . The corner frequencies are
(a) 0 & 1 (b) 0 & 2 (c) 0 & -1 (d) 1 & 2
22. The phase crossover frequency is the frequency at which the phase shift is
(a) 00 (b) 900 (c) 1800 (d) 3600
A system has phase margin PM  45 . The damping ratio  is
0
23.
(a) 1 (b) 0.5 (c) 0 (d) 0.42
1
G (s) H (s) 
24. For the transfer function s ( s  1)( s  0.5) the phase crossover frequency is
(a) 0.5 rad/sec (b) 0.707 rad/sec (c) 1.732 rad/sec (d) 2 rad/sec.
25. Transfer function with unit magnitude and anti-symmetric pole-zero pattern correspond to
(a) non-minimum phase systems (b) minimum phase system
(c) no-pass systems (d) all pass system
26. A close loop system is unstable if
(a) both gain margin & phase margin are negative
(b) gain margin is positive& phase margin is negative
(c) gain margin is negative & phase margin is positive
(d) gain margin & phase margin are positive.
27. A system has 14 poles and 2 zeros. The slop of its highest frequency asymptote in its magnitude
plot is
(a) – 40 dB/decade (b) - 240 dB/decade (c) – 280 dB/decade (d) - 320 dB/decade
28. For a type-3 system, the asymptote at a lower frequency will have a slop of
(a) 6 dB/octave (b) 12 dB/ octave (c) – 12 dB/ octave (d) 12 dB/ octave
29. A slope of 20 dB/decade corresponds to
(a) 3 dB/octave (b) 6 dB/ octave (c) 9 dB/ octave (d) 20 dB/ octave
1
G (s) H (s) 
30. The open loop transfer function of a feedback control system is ( s  1)3 . The gain
margin of thesystem is
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 16
31. The gain margin of a system is -10db. It is increased by 5 db then the system is
(a) Stable (b) unstable (c) marginally stable (d) unstable for -0db itself
32. In frequency domain the resonant frequency of a second order system’s transient becomes zero if
the damping factor is
(a) 0.1 (b) 0.5 (c) 0.707 (d) 1
s5
G (s)  2
33. The phase angle of the system s  4 s  9 , varies between
(a) 0° and 90° (b) 0° and - 90° (c) 0° and - 180° (d) - 90° and - 180°
34. At which frequency does the Bode magnitude plot for the function K/s2 have gain crossover
frequency?
(a) ω = 0 r/s (b) ω = √k r/s (c) ω = k r/s(d) ω = k2 r/s
1 s
35. The transfer function of a system is 1  s . The system is then which one of the following?
(a) Non-minimum phase system (b) Minimum phase system
(c) Low-pass system (d) Second-order system
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36. From the Nichol’s chart, one can determine the following quantities pertaining to a closed loop
system
(a) Magnitude & phase (b) Bandwidth (c) Magnitude only (d) phase only

Module - VI : Control system components

1. A synchro is very similar to
(a) A rotating amplifier (b) a miniature 3-ph star connected synchronous motor
(c) An induction motor (d) 3- phase star connected synchronous motor
2. AC servomotor is basically a
(a) universal motor (b) signal-phase induction motor
(c) two-phase induction motor (d) three-phase star connected synchronous motor
3. “Synchros” are popularly used as transmitter of
(a) digital data (b) angular data (c) mathematical data (d) all of these
4. A potentiometer converts linear/rotational displacement into
(a) current (b) power (c) voltage (d) torque.
5. The characteristic equation of an armature controlled dc motor is of
(a) first order equation (b) second order equation
(c) zero order equation (d) third order equation

Module - VII : Control System performance measure ( Controller & Compensator)

1  0.5s
1. The transfer function of a network is 1  s . It represents a
(a) lag network (b) lead network (c) lag-lead network (d) proportional controller
2. Integral error compensation is also called
(a) proportional minus integral controller (b) proportional plus integral controller
(c) proportional plus derivative controller (d) proportional controller.
3. A PI controller attached to a second order system
(a) increases the order of the system (b) decreases the order of the system
(c) keeps the order of the system same (d) may be increased or decreased.
4. Introduction of integral action in the forward path of a unity feedback system results in a
(a) marginally stability (b) system with no steady state error
(c) system with increased stability margin (d) system with better speed of response
5. A differentiator has transfer function whose
(a) phase increases linearly with frequency (b) amplitude remains constant
(c) amplitude increases linearly with frequency (d) amplitude decreases linearly with frequency
6. By the use of PD control to the second order system, the rise time
(a) decreases (b) increases (c) remains same (d) has no effect.
7. The proportional error device has output has output as function of
(a) derivative of error (b) integral of error (c) error (d) none of these.
8. The transfer function of a basic PD controller is given by (all k’s are real constant)
k k2 s  k3 s k0  k 2 s k
k0  1  k 2 s k0  1
(a) s (b) (c) (d) s
9. A D only controller will produce
(a) always zero steady state error (b) always infinite steady state error
(c) output only if error changes (d) none of these.
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1  Ts
10. The transfer function of a phase lag compensator is given by 1  aTs where a> 1 and T> 0. The
maximum phase shift provided by such a compensator is
 a 1   a 1   a 1   1 a 
tan 1   tan 1   sin 1   sin 1  
(a)  a 1  (b)  a 1  (c)  a 1  (d)  a 1 
1  3Ts
G (s) 
11. The transfer function of a phase-lead compensator is given by: 1  Ts where T> 0. What is
the maximum shift provided by such a compensator is
(a) 90° (b) 60° (c) 45° (d) 30°
12. Indicates which one of the following transfer functions represents phase lead compensator?
s 1 6s  3 s5 s 8
(a) s  2 (b) 6 s  2 (a) 3s  2 (a) 5s  6
13. A property of phase-lead compensation is that the
(a) Overshoot is increased (b) Bandwidth of closed loop system is reduced
(c) Rise-time of closed loop system is reduced (d) Gain margin is reduced
14. The phase lead compensations used to
(a) increase rise time and decrease overshoot (b) decrease both rise time and overshoot.
(c) increase both rise time and overshoot (d) decrease rise time and increase overshoot.
15. Which one of the following is the correct expression for the transfer function of an electrical RC
phase-lag compensating network?
RCs RC 1 s
(a) 1  RCs (b) 1  RCs (c) 1  RCs (d) 1  RCs
s  z1
16. The transfer function of a phase lead compensator is found to be of the form s  P1 and that of a lag
s  z2
compensator to be of the form s  P2 . Then which of the following conditions must be satisfied?
(a) z >p1, and z >p2
1 2 (b) z >p1, and z <p2 (c) z <p1, and z <p2 (d) z <p1, and z >p2
1 2 1 2 1 2

17. In frequency response approach, compensation network is used to alter and reshape the system
characteristics represented on an
(a) s-plane (b) root locus diagram(c) plan graph (d) Bode diagram & Nichols chart
1  0.12 s
Gc ( s ) 
18. The transfer function of a phase-lead compensator is 1  0.04 s . The maximum phase shift
that can be obtained from this compensator is
(a) 60° (b) 45° (c) 30° (d) 15°
19. The lead compensation network is consider to be
(a) high-pass filter (b) low-pass filter (c) equalizer (d) none of these.