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The document outlines the MVC architecture, detailing the roles of Model, View, and Controller, and how it can be implemented in a Node.js and Express application with React as the front-end. It discusses the integration of React within MVC, its component-based architecture, and the handling of state management through hooks. Additionally, it provides MongoDB query tasks with examples for various data retrieval and aggregation operations.

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6 views

FullStackLabTestAnswers_Numbered_UTF8

The document outlines the MVC architecture, detailing the roles of Model, View, and Controller, and how it can be implemented in a Node.js and Express application with React as the front-end. It discusses the integration of React within MVC, its component-based architecture, and the handling of state management through hooks. Additionally, it provides MongoDB query tasks with examples for various data retrieval and aggregation operations.

Uploaded by

jyotiprakashsilicon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Theory - MVC and React Architecture

1. What does MVC stand for?

A: Model-View-Controller.

2. What is the role of the Model in MVC?

A: Manages data and business logic.

3. What is the responsibility of the View in MVC?

A: Handles the display/UI layer.

4. What does the Controller do in MVC?

A: Handles input, updates model, and returns a response.

5. What is a key benefit of using MVC architecture?

A: Separation of concerns for better maintainability.

6. Explain the MVC architecture and how it separates concerns in a web application.

A: MVC separates data (Model), UI (View), and logic (Controller), improving clarity and

maintainability.

7. Describe how MVC can be implemented in a Node.js and Express application with

examples.

A: Model: Mongoose schema; View: React front-end; Controller: Express routes and

business logic.

8. How does React fit into the MVC architecture, and what challenges arise when

combining it with traditional MVC?

A: React is mainly View but also has logic, challenging strict MVC adherence.

9. Compare and contrast MVC architecture with the architecture of a typical React

application.

A: MVC has strict roles; React combines UI and some logic in components.

10. Discuss how MVC architecture can be adapted to a MERN stack application,

including the roles of MongoDB, Express, React, and Node.js.

A: MongoDB: Model, Express: Controller, React: View, Node.js: Server/runtime


environment.

11. What is the component-based architecture in React?

A: UI is built using reusable, independent components.

12. What is the role of the virtual DOM in React’s architecture?

A: A lightweight DOM copy used for efficient updates.

13. What is a unidirectional data flow in React?

A: Data flows from parent to child components using props.

14. What is the purpose of the Reconciliation process in React?

A: Reconciliation updates the DOM when component data changes.

15. What are Higher-Order Components (HOCs) in React?

A: Functions that accept and return a new enhanced component.

16. Explain how React’s component-based architecture improves code reusability and

maintainability.

A: Components can be reused across the app and are easier to test and manage.

17. Describe the lifecycle of a React component and how it integrates with the virtual

DOM.

A: Lifecycle includes mounting, updating, unmounting; integrates with virtual DOM

using hooks like useEffect.

18. How does React’s architecture handle state management, and what are the

differences between local state and global state (e.g., Redux)?

A: Local state uses useState, global uses Redux or Context API.

19. Discuss the role of hooks in modern React architecture and how they replace

class-based components.

A: Hooks like useState and useEffect provide lifecycle and state functionality in

functional components.

20. Explain how React’s rendering process works, from JSX to the actual DOM, including

diffing and updating.


A: JSX is compiled to JS -> virtual DOM -> diffing -> minimal DOM updates.

MongoDB Query Tasks


21. Find all users from 'New York' who are older than 30.

A:

db.users.find({ city: 'New York', age: { $gt: 30 } })

22. Query orders with price > 500 and sort by orderDate descending.

A:

db.orders.find({ price: { $gt: 500 } }).sort({ orderDate: -1 })

23. Find users with status either 'active' or 'inactive'.

A:

db.users.find({ status: { $in: ['active', 'inactive'] } })

24. Get orders where product name contains 'phone' (case-insensitive).

A:

db.orders.find({ product: { $regex: 'phone', $options: 'i' } })

25. Count number of orders per user, sorted descending.

A:

db.orders.aggregate([{ $group: { _id: '$userId', count: { $sum: 1 } } }, { $sort: {

count: -1 } }])

26. Calculate total revenue per user from orders.

A:

db.orders.aggregate([{ $group: { _id: '$userId', revenue: { $sum: { $multiply: ['$price',

'$quantity'] } } } }])

27. $lookup to join users with their orders and return user name with order details.

A:

db.users.aggregate([{ $lookup: { from: 'orders', localField: '_id', foreignField: 'userId',

as: 'orders' } }])

28. Find orders where quantity is between 1 and 5.


A:

db.orders.find({ quantity: { $gte: 1, $lte: 5 } })

29. Aggregate orders with $match price > 1000 and $group sum quantities by product.

A:

db.orders.aggregate([{ $match: { price: { $gt: 1000 } } }, { $group: { _id: '$product',

totalQty: { $sum: '$quantity' } } }])

30. $lookup to join users and orders, $unwind to list each order with user details.

A:

db.users.aggregate([{ $lookup: { from: 'orders', localField: '_id', foreignField: 'userId',

as: 'orders' } }, { $unwind: '$orders' }])

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