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Ict Exp 3,4

The document outlines experiments conducted in a workshop for B.Tech first-year students, focusing on the use of a Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO) and a Function Generator. It explains the principles of operation, specifications, and applications of these instruments in measuring waveforms and signals. Additionally, it discusses the importance of regulated power supplies and their components, including linear voltage regulators.

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5 views13 pages

Ict Exp 3,4

The document outlines experiments conducted in a workshop for B.Tech first-year students, focusing on the use of a Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO) and a Function Generator. It explains the principles of operation, specifications, and applications of these instruments in measuring waveforms and signals. Additionally, it discusses the importance of regulated power supplies and their components, including linear voltage regulators.

Uploaded by

jojac32799
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SP ene a é 6b uncersity |(NAAC OQ. Faculty of Engineering & Technology . 'CT WORKSHOP (303107152) B. Tech 1" year EXPE IMENT NO, 3 Understand patus: CAO, Fv nd specifications o non nt: yt ‘and Function generator, ; other ing Probes , rerioter weoRY? prosuction to CRO pecathode ray oscilloscope is a vers, sing instruments may not be required on neasure, AC/DC vo! aeforms, relative frequ boratory has only CRO in it, o of CRO in scientific laboratories. With nd phase difference between two ™m, Observe the amount of noise present on a signal, ete. in, CRO is also useful to obser e the shape xis. The waveft laboratory instrument. If a : This is 4 he import AC/DC current, resistance, pha ney of a wave! f waveform or signal and observe its real time pt (© X-y axes or co- ordinate system, cule. Us- ing this scale, the ampli ed in centimetres and then converted into required unit, m displayed on it, is ¢ RO is plotted in terms of a measuring sc h of wav ed with resp own as prm can be accurately measu Buic working principle of CRO fie cathale ray is a beam of electrons which ate emitted by the heated catlode (negative ele pleated toward the fluorescent screen. The assembly of the cathode, intensity grid, focus grid, and penie (positive electrode) is called an electron gun. Its purpose is to generate the electron beam and fnieasity and focus. Between the electron gun and the fluorescent screen are two pair of metai plates a dc horizontal deflection of the beam and one pair oriented to give vertical deflection to the b Pltssare hus referred to-as the horizontal and vertical deflection plates. The combination of these twod allows the beam to reach any portion of the Muorescent screen. Wherever the electron beam hits the s n Mowhoris excited and Light is emitted from that point. This conversion of electron energy into lig vith points or lines of light on an otherwise darkened screen. Some important aa ‘ails of functional block diagram of CRO. “Hut: Its the main input of CRO, to which the input signal is connected. The waveform 0 "splayed on the screen of CRT. ict attenuator: It consists of RC voltage divider, which is marked on the CRO "ol knob. Thus the ‘gain’ of CRO can be controlled with Voltidiv knob. ne. The delay line delays the striking of electron beam on the screen. It ) When time base generator signal starts sweeping the beam hori "duced is about 0.25msee.eter ae ye 8. Tech 1" year 4 capacitor from a amp. AS the output \ ant current source, This produces Be reaches upper and lower limits, the arator, producing the linear P he linear triangle wave. By vary "quencies may be obtained. Saw tooth te cpa slwy, sing a curen ge aves can be produce ity ofthe diode changes the polarity of the resulting sew oom, Po oe rook ae 4 ¢- slow rise and fast fal, oF fast rise and 6 ia the Caner natty obtdined by noting whether the cepacia Wf 8). Th Sachs Ten! Switching comparator output, Other duty oycan (ae tbe discharged ic Of pL parator output, Other duty cycles (th ally from 0% to 100%) "Tod sharing tnesantot aod the sawtooth or tlangl signal, Mon habe ators also contain ear diode shaping circuit that can convert the triangle wave x o int ‘onably accurate sine wave by the comers of the triangle wave in a process sin} ‘ave in @ process similar to clipping in audio systeme ators fn the co ev ise frecueneies up to 20 Miiz RF geceraione BREE + frequencies are not e sencruir 1 ne stuct Sante aince they typically produce pure or moda slag GaN tors, like most =nerators, may also contain an attenuator, various means of modulating form, and often the ability to automatically and t sweep” the frequency of the output by means of a voltage- controlled oscillator) between t mits. This capability to evaluate the frequency response of a given el | ications purpose function generator are: | ctroni . ; eis a BEE «Produces sine, square, triangular, saw-tooth (ramp), and pulse output, Arbitrary waveform generators can aati waves of any shape. om: sine wave distortion of about 1% for analogue generators. . M modulation may be supported. . amplitude up to 10 V peak-to-peaks 4 de can be modified, usually by a calibrated attenuator with decade steps and continuous, ne nt within each decade. ae rators provide a DC offset voltage, ¢.g. adjustable between -5V to +SV, . impedance of 50 Q. dhe Funct. petal ty! om A hast and Unto ¢ CAD — a ah iy, -pesgincy tied time fi pat “of Page | 35of ~— aie |NAAC ICT WORKSHOP (3031073 University | ===" B. Tech 1" a —$e i — —_—— —___— $$ — ie ge athe Dachiua fhe auitput” frers 680 ot coonpl? tesco - anf : == e ea Va. gun ( Spat LM de in £ 4 —Manuhe beme tnpce as he function ge'nemlor Ime te Crinrgh 3 [input value (from Function generator) Measured value (from CRO) Amplitude!” Time [Frequency Amplitude [ Time | Frequency Jowe | 6 4nd | o-F4ms | 6 VAS To tne, | | ‘Square [Bma ¥ wave 6 2-555 my a 33 S52 ee bas IY my |y- Fm ( bong [34 i To Observe & Draw waveform of Lissajous Pattern: | ry / ) | yapore piv A Vi? Y |e Lar valve eY Cy De IOs oT MeFaculty of Engineering ICT WORKSHOP (303107152) 1B. Tech 1" year Short Cireuit Open CireuitBo umesty mverstty | NABSO*Faculty of Engineering & Technology ICT WorKsHOP (302107152) B.Tech 1" year cutATION: ui Eeaiae fag loo e oy ) KHt2 Ver =3%2 = & upp T= 14 chm en oe. ee = O- Wy X08 12 “G “pp 3x2 =6VPP T =I3XK Im HL OSS SKIOMe = SO He SSS He “3 6 Tringlan wave = Upp =3K2 =OUpp T D.C. power supply > A.C. power supply. > Switched-mode power supply Ab > Uninterruptible power supply. shor vt D.C power supply ak DL ir regulator som has The function of a lin ¥ voltage regulator is to convert the DC voltage. In addition, they often provide a current limiting f pac over current (excessive, potentially destructive current), A oe oe et 8 required in many power Supply applications, but the Voltage wil] vary with cl we in load impedance and wil also vg ith changing oltage. T; ‘1 fs lee volage ener cpt lg Tokens sme supplies) An “fhe sf sala Dit vollage at a steady value, independent of fluctuations init Cine voltage and load impedance Linear regulators can also reduce the magnitud i is re appearing on the output voltage ‘nitude of ripple and noise p ae 2)Regulated A.C.10 D.C. power supply A regulated power supply is of a rectifier it converts AC st Circuit or device that must be Supply may be alternating or y n embedded circu upply into D¢ operate unidirec Construction and working of Fepulate %Faculty of Engineering & Technology ICT WORKSHOP (303107152) 8, Tech 1" year 5) Eo whe 3405-2 ryder 4 © 7 pink 2" Turk Zoi 4 input awk 27 ry i ot Zobe guitar Gre - ti a negate Peles _ t VUPa OBSERVATION TABLE Paral” | NAAC OY ICT WORKGHgg niversity | NAAE IDPAL VALUE PRACTICAL VALup « | tear tsy Sav ’ fr Ser asv “Yay | TRI2 412" Oty 7912 -pVv oq CONCLUSION Ls puxletimning abe experiment? -tu.cantartade that aagslale | fan be! wah g Get constant wpa and its Wi frat by obsen/irtag ative uf © « “eau oe 2 at —? $05" (-5¥) agh Arn) 5 oan MF Question: What is the use of filter circuit in voltage regulator? is Heat Sink? 1 3 is SMD component? gular js ampancyt

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