QuestionBank Test Functions
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Questions
SPM.1.AHL.TZ0.4
The following diagram shows the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) . The graph has a
horizontal asymptote at 𝑦 = − 1. The graph crosses the 𝑥-axis at
𝑥 = − 1 and 𝑥 = 1, and the 𝑦-axis at 𝑦 = 2.
On the following set of axes, sketch the graph of 𝑦 = [ 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) ] + 1
2
, clearly showing any asymptotes with their equations and the
coordinates of any local maxima or minima.
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SPM.1.AHL.TZ0.9
The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = e2𝑥 − 6e𝑥 + 5,𝑥 ∈ 𝑅,𝑥 ⩽ 𝑎. The
graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) is shown in the following diagram.
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a. Find the largest value of 𝑎 such that 𝑓 has an inverse function.
[3]
b.
For this value of 𝑎, find an expression for 𝑓−1 ( 𝑥 ) , stating its
domain.
[5]
SPM.1.AHL.TZ0.11
Let the roots of the equation 𝑧3 = − 3 + √3 i be 𝑢, 𝑣 and 𝑤.
On an Argand diagram, 𝑢, 𝑣 and 𝑤 are represented by the points U, V
and W respectively.
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a. Express −3 + √3 i in the form 𝑟ei𝜃 , where 𝑟 > 0 and −𝜋 < 𝜃 ⩽ 𝜋.
[5]
b.
Find 𝑢, 𝑣 and 𝑤 expressing your answers in the form 𝑟ei𝜃 , where
𝑟 > 0 and −𝜋 < 𝜃 ⩽ 𝜋.
[5]
c. Find the area of triangle UVW. [4]
d. By considering the sum of the roots 𝑢, 𝑣 and 𝑤, show that
5𝜋 7𝜋 17𝜋
cos 18 + cos 18 + cos 18 = 0. [4]
SPM.2.AHL.TZ0.9
𝑥2
Consider the graphs of 𝑦 = 𝑥−3
and 𝑦 = 𝑚 ( 𝑥 + 3 ) , 𝑚 ∈ 𝑅.
Find the set of values for 𝑚 such that the two graphs have no
intersection points.
SPM.2.AHL.TZ0.12
a.
1 − tan2 𝜃
Show that cot2𝜃 = 2tan𝜃
.
[1]
b.
Verify that 𝑥 = tan𝜃 and 𝑥 = − cot𝜃 satisfy the equation
𝑥2 + ( 2cot2𝜃 ) 𝑥 − 1 = 0.
[7]
c.
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𝜋
Hence, or otherwise, show that the exact value of tan 12 = 2 − √3 .
[5]
d.
Using the results from parts (b) and (c) find the exact value of
𝜋 𝜋
tan 24 − cot 24 .
Give your answer in the form 𝑎 + 𝑏√3 where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑍. [6]
18M.2.AHL.TZ2.H_10
𝜋 𝜋
Consider the expression 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = tan ( 𝑥 + ) cot ( − 𝑥 ) .
4 4
The expression 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) can be written as 𝑔 ( 𝑡 ) where 𝑡 = tan𝑥.
Let 𝛼, β be the roots of 𝑔 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑘, where 0 < 𝑘 < 1.
a.i. Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) for −
5𝜋
⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 8.
𝜋
[2]
8
a.ii.
With reference to your graph, explain why 𝑓 is a function on the
given domain.
[1]
a.iii. Explain why 𝑓 has no inverse on the given domain. [1]
3𝜋 𝜋
a.iv. Explain why 𝑓 is not a function for − ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 4. [1]
4
2
b. 1+𝑡
Show that 𝑔 ( 𝑡 ) = ( 1 − 𝑡 ) . [3]
c.
Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑡 ) for t ≤ 0. Give the coordinates of
any intercepts and the equations of any asymptotes.
[3]
d.i. Find 𝛼 and β in terms of 𝑘. [5]
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d.ii. Show that 𝛼 + β < −2. [2]
18N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_9
2ln𝑥 + 1
The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥−3
, 0 < 𝑥 < 3.
Draw a set of axes showing 𝑥 and 𝑦 values between −3 and 3. On these
axes
b.
Hence, or otherwise, find the coordinates of the point of inflexion
on the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) .
[4]
c.i.
sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) , showing clearly any axis intercepts
and giving the equations of any asymptotes.
[4]
c.ii.
sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓−1 ( 𝑥 ) , showing clearly any axis
intercepts and giving the equations of any asymptotes.
[4]
d. Hence, or otherwise, solve the inequality 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) > 𝑓−1 ( 𝑥 ) .
[3]
19M.2.AHL.TZ1.H_4
𝜋
The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = sec𝑥 + 2, 0 ⩽ 𝑥 < 2 .
a. Write down the range of 𝑓. [1]
b. Find 𝑓-1 ( 𝑥 ) , stating its domain. [4]
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19M.1.AHL.TZ2.H_5
𝑥−4
Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = , stating the equations of any asymptotes
2𝑥 − 5
and the coordinates of any points of intersection with the axes.
17M.1.AHL.TZ2.H_2
The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥3 + 5, − 2 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 2.
a. Write down the range of 𝑓. [2]
b. Find an expression for 𝑓−1 (𝑥). [2]
c. Write down the domain and range of 𝑓−1 . [2]
17N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_6
1 − 3𝑥
Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = , showing clearly any asymptotes and
𝑥−2
stating the coordinates of any points of intersection with the axes.
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17N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_10
√𝑥
Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = , 0 < 𝑥 < 𝜋.
sin𝑥
Consider the region bounded by the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥), the 𝑥-axis and the
𝜋 𝜋
lines 𝑥 = 6 , 𝑥 = 3 .
a.i.
Show that the 𝑥-coordinate of the minimum point on the curve
𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) satisfies the equation tan𝑥 = 2𝑥.
[5]
a.ii.
Determine the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓(𝑥) is a decreasing function.
[2]
b.
Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) showing clearly the minimum point
and any asymptotic behaviour.
[3]
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c.
Find the coordinates of the point on the graph of 𝑓 where the
normal to the graph is parallel to the line 𝑦 = − 𝑥.
[4]
d.
This region is now rotated through 2𝜋 radians about the 𝑥-axis.
Find the volume of revolution.
[3]
17M.1.AHL.TZ1.H_11
1
Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = , 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ − 2, 𝑥 ≠ − 1.
𝑥2 + 3𝑥 + 2
a.i. Express 𝑥2 + 3𝑥 + 2 in the form (𝑥 + ℎ)2 + 𝑘. [1]
a.ii. Factorize 𝑥2 + 3𝑥 + 2. [1]
b.
Sketch the graph of 𝑓(𝑥), indicating on it the equations of the
asymptotes, the coordinates of the 𝑦-intercept and the local
maximum.
[5]
1
d. Hence find the value of 𝑝 if ∫0 𝑓(𝑥)d𝑥 = ln(𝑝). [4]
e. Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( |𝑥| ) . [2]
f.
Determine the area of the region enclosed between the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓 ( |𝑥| ) , the 𝑥-axis and the lines with equations 𝑥 = − 1 and
𝑥 = 1.
[3]
18M.1.SL.TZ1.T_15
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Consider the functions 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥4 − 2 and 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥3 − 4𝑥2 + 2𝑥 + 6
The functions intersect at points P and Q. Part of the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) and part of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) are shown on the
diagram.
a. Find the range of f. [2]
b. Write down the x-coordinate of P and the x-coordinate of Q.
[2]
c. Write down the values of x for which 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) > 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) . [2]
17M.1.SL.TZ2.T_4
Line 𝐿 intersects the 𝑥-axis at point A and the 𝑦-axis at point B, as
shown on the diagram.
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The length of line segment OB is three times the length of line
segment OA, where O is the origin.
Point (2, 6) lies on 𝐿.
b. Find the equation of 𝐿 in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐. [2]
c. Find the 𝑥-coordinate of point A. [2]
19M.2.AHL.TZ2.H_4
a.
Sketch the graphs 𝑦 = sin3 𝑥 + ln𝑥 and 𝑦 = 1 + cos𝑥 on the
following axes for 0 < 𝑥 ≤ 9.
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[2]
b. Hence solve sin3 𝑥 + ln𝑥 − cos𝑥 − 1 < 0 in the range 0 < 𝑥 ≤ 9.
[4]
18M.1.AHL.TZ1.H_9
2 − 3𝑥5
Let 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 2𝑥3
, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ 0.
a.
The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) has a local maximum at A. Find the
coordinates of A.
[5]
b.i.
Show that there is exactly one point of inflexion, B, on the graph
of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) .
[5]
b.ii.
The coordinates of B can be expressed in the form B ( 2𝑎 , 𝑏 × 2−3𝑎 )
where a, b ∈ 𝑄. Find the value of a and the value of b.
[3]
c.
Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) showing clearly the position of the
points A and B.
[4]
18M.1.AHL.TZ2.H_2
𝑥
Sketch the graphs of 𝑦 = + 1 and 𝑦 = |𝑥 − 2| on the following axes.
2
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16N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_5
Consider the function 𝑓 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥arccos(𝑥) where
−1 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 1.
a.
Sketch the graph of 𝑓 indicating clearly any intercepts with the
axes and the coordinates of any local maximum or minimum
points.
[3]
b. State the range of 𝑓. [2]
c. Solve the inequality |3𝑥arccos(𝑥)| > 1. [4]
19M.1.AHL.TZ2.H_3
Consider the function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥4 − 6𝑥2 − 2𝑥 + 4, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅.
The graph of 𝑓 is translated two units to the left to form the function
𝑔(𝑥).
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Express 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) in the form 𝑎𝑥4 + 𝑏𝑥3 + 𝑐𝑥2 + 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 where 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑,
𝑒 ∈ 𝑍.
EXN.1.SL.TZ0.3
The following table shows the probability distribution of a discrete
random variable 𝑋 where 𝑥 = 1, 2, 3, 4.
Find the value of 𝑘, justifying your answer.
EXN.1.SL.TZ0.5
The functions 𝑓 and 𝑔 are defined for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ by 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥 - 2 and
𝑔𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℝ.
Given that 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔2 = - 3 and 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓1 = 5, find the value of 𝑎 and the value
of 𝑏.
18N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_8
𝑎𝑥 + 1 𝑐
Consider the function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐
, 𝑥 ≠ − 𝑏 , where 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ 𝑍.
2
The following graph shows the curve 𝑦 = ( 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) ) . It has asymptotes
at 𝑥 = 𝑝 and 𝑦 = 𝑞 and meets the 𝑥-axis at A.
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a.
On the following axes, sketch the two possible graphs of
𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) giving the equations of any asymptotes in terms of 𝑝
and 𝑞.
[4]
b.
4 4 1
Given that 𝑝 = , 𝑞 = and A has coordinates ( − , 0 ) , determine
3 9 2
the possible sets of values for 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐.
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[4]
17N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_3
Consider the polynomial 𝑞(𝑥) = 3𝑥3 − 11𝑥2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 8.
a. Given that 𝑞(𝑥) has a factor (𝑥 − 4), find the value of 𝑘. [3]
b.
Hence or otherwise, factorize 𝑞(𝑥) as a product of linear factors.
[3]
EXN.1.SL.TZ0.8
The following diagram shows the graph of 𝑦 = - 1 - √𝑥 + 3 for 𝑥 ≥ - 3.
A function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = - 1 - √𝑥 + 3 for 𝑥 ≥ - 3.
a.
Describe a sequence of transformations that transforms the graph
of 𝑦 = √𝑥 for 𝑥 ≥ 0 to the graph of 𝑦 = - 1 - √𝑥 + 3 for 𝑥 ≥ - 3.
[3]
b. State the range of 𝑓. [1]
c. Find an expression for 𝑓-1 𝑥, stating its domain. [5]
d.
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Find the coordinates of the point(s) where the graphs of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥
and 𝑦 = 𝑓-1 𝑥 intersect.
[5]
21M.2.AHL.TZ1.11
3𝑥 + 2
The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = , for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ 𝑝, 𝑥 ≠ 𝑞.
4𝑥2 - 1
The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) has exactly one point of inflexion.
4𝑥2 - 1 2
The function 𝑔 is defined by 𝑔𝑥 = 3𝑥 + 2
, for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ - 3 .
a. Find the value of 𝑝 and the value of 𝑞. [2]
b. Find an expression for 𝑓'𝑥. [3]
c. Find the 𝑥-coordinate of the point of inflexion. [2]
d.
Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) for -3 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3, showing the values of
any axes intercepts, the coordinates of any local maxima and local
minima, and giving the equations of any asymptotes.
[5]
e.
Find the equations of all the asymptotes on the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑥 )
.
[4]
f.
By considering the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) - 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) , or otherwise, solve
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) < 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
[4]
17M.2.AHL.TZ2.H_11
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It is given that 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥4 + 𝑎𝑥3 + 𝑏𝑥2 − 7𝑥 − 4 where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are
positive integers.
a.
Given that 𝑥2 − 1 is a factor of 𝑓(𝑥) find the value of 𝑎 and the
value of 𝑏.
[4]
b. Factorize 𝑓(𝑥) into a product of linear factors. [3]
d.
Using your graph state the range of values of 𝑐 for which 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐
has exactly two distinct real roots.
[3]
18M.1.AHL.TZ1.H_1
Let f(x) = x4 + px3 + qx + 5 where p, q are constants.
The remainder when f(x) is divided by (x + 1) is 7, and the remainder
when f(x) is divided by (x − 2) is 1. Find the value of p and the value of
q.
21M.2.AHL.TZ1.12
The function 𝑓 has a derivative given by
1
𝑓'𝑥 = 𝑥𝑘 - 𝑥 , 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ 𝑜, 𝑥 ≠ 𝑘 where 𝑘 is a positive constant.
Consider 𝑃, the population of a colony of ants, which has an initial
value of 1200.
The rate of change of the population can be modelled by the
d𝑃 𝑃𝑘 - 𝑃
differential equation = , where 𝑡 is the time measured in days,
d𝑡 5𝑘
𝑡 ≥ 0, and 𝑘 is the upper bound for the population.
At 𝑡 = 10 the population of the colony has doubled in size from its
initial value.
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a.
𝑎 𝑏
The expression for 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) can be written in the form + 𝑘 - 𝑥,
𝑥
where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℝ. Find 𝑎 and 𝑏 in terms of 𝑘.
[3]
b. Hence, find an expression for 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) . [3]
c.
1200𝑘
By solving the differential equation, show that 𝑃 = 𝑡 .
-
𝑘 - 1200e 5 + 1200
[8]
d.
Find the value of 𝑘, giving your answer correct to four significant
figures.
[3]
e.
Find the value of 𝑡 when the rate of change of the population is at
its maximum.
[3]
19N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_3
The following diagram shows the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) , −3 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 5.
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a. Find the value of ( 𝑓 ∘ 𝑓 ) ( 1 ) . [2]
b. Given that 𝑓−1 ( 𝑎 ) = 3, determine the value of 𝑎. [2]
c. Given that 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 2𝑓 ( 𝑥 − 1 ) , find the domain and range of 𝑔.
[2]
18M.2.AHL.TZ2.H_2
The polynomial 𝑥4 + 𝑝𝑥3 + 𝑞𝑥2 + 𝑟𝑥 + 6 is exactly divisible by each of
( 𝑥 − 1 ) , ( 𝑥 − 2 ) and ( 𝑥 − 3 ) .
Find the values of 𝑝, 𝑞 and 𝑟.
21M.3.AHL.TZ1.1
This question asks you to explore the behaviour and key features of
cubic polynomials of the form 𝑥3 - 3𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑.
Consider the function 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥3 - 3𝑐𝑥 + 2 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ and where 𝑐 is a
parameter, 𝑐 ∈ ℝ.
The graphs of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) for 𝑐 = - 1 and 𝑐 = 0 are shown in the
following diagrams.
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𝑐= -1
𝑐=0
On separate axes, sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) showing the value of
the 𝑦-intercept and the coordinates of any points with zero gradient,
for
Hence, or otherwise, find the set of values of 𝑐 such that the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) has
Given that the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) has one local maximum point and
one local minimum point, show that
Hence, for 𝑐 > 0, find the set of values of 𝑐 such that the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) has
a.i. 𝑐 = 1. [3]
a.ii. 𝑐 = 2. [3]
b. Write down an expression for 𝑓' ( 𝑥 ) . [1]
c.i. a point of inflexion with zero gradient. [1]
c.ii. one local maximum point and one local minimum point. [2]
c.iii. no points where the gradient is equal to zero. [1]
3
d.i. the 𝑦-coordinate of the local maximum point is 2𝑐 2 + 2. [3]
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3
d.ii. the 𝑦-coordinate of the local minimum point is -2𝑐 2 + 2. [1]
e.i. exactly one 𝑥-axis intercept. [2]
e.ii. exactly two 𝑥-axis intercepts. [2]
e.iii. exactly three 𝑥-axis intercepts. [2]
f.
Consider the function 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥3 - 3𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ and where
𝑐 , 𝑑 ∈ ℝ.
Find all conditions on 𝑐 and 𝑑 such that the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) has
exactly one 𝑥-axis intercept, explaining your reasoning.
[6]
18N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_6
Let 𝑃 ( 𝑥 ) = 2𝑥4 − 15𝑥3 + 𝑎𝑥2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐, where 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ 𝑅
a.
Given that ( 𝑥 − 5 ) is a factor of 𝑃 ( 𝑥 ) , find a relationship
between 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐.
[2]
b.
Given that ( 𝑥 − 5 ) is a factor of 𝑃 ( 𝑥 ) , write down the value of
2
𝑃′ ( 5 ) .
[1]
c.
Given that ( 𝑥 − 5 ) is a factor of 𝑃 ( 𝑥 ) , and that 𝑎 = 2, find the
2
values of 𝑏 and 𝑐.
[3]
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EXN.1.AHL.TZ0.11
3
A function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = , 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
𝑥2 +2
The region 𝑅 is bounded by the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥, the 𝑥-axis and the lines
𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 = √6 . Let 𝐴 be the area of 𝑅.
The line 𝑥 = 𝑘 divides 𝑅 into two regions of equal area.
Let 𝑚 be the gradient of a tangent to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥.
a.
Sketch the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥, clearly indicating any asymptotes with
their equations and stating the coordinates of any points of
intersection with the axes.
[4]
b. Show that 𝐴 = √2 π
. [4]
2
c. Find the value of 𝑘. [4]
6𝑥
d. Show that 𝑚 = - 2 . [2]
𝑥2 + 2
e. Show that the maximum value of 𝑚 is
27 2
. [7]
32 √ 3
18N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_8
Consider the equation 𝑧4 + 𝑎𝑧3 + 𝑏𝑧2 + 𝑐𝑧 + 𝑑 = 0, where 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 ∈ 𝑅
and 𝑧 ∈ 𝐶.
Two of the roots of the equation are log26 and 𝑖√3 and the sum of all
the roots is 3 + log23.
Show that 6𝑎 + 𝑑 + 12 = 0.
16N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_5
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The quadratic equation 𝑥2 − 2𝑘𝑥 + (𝑘 − 1) = 0 has roots 𝛼 and 𝛽 such
2
that 𝛼2 + 𝛽 = 4. Without solving the equation, find the possible values
of the real number 𝑘.
EXN.1.AHL.TZ0.12
a.
Use the binomial theorem to expand cos 𝜃 + i sin 𝜃4 . Give your
answer in the form 𝑎 + 𝑏i where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are expressed in terms of
sin 𝜃 and cos 𝜃.
[3]
b.
Use de Moivre’s theorem and the result from part (a) to show that
cot4 𝜃 - 6 cot2 𝜃 + 1
cot 4𝜃 = .
4 cot3 𝜃 - 4 cot 𝜃
[5]
c.
Use the identity from part (b) to show that the quadratic equation
π 3π
𝑥2 - 6𝑥 + 1 = 0 has roots cot2 and cot2 .
8 8
[5]
3π
d. Hence find the exact value of cot2 8 . [4]
e.
Deduce a quadratic equation with integer coefficients, having
π 3π
roots cosec2 and cosec2 .
8 8
[3]
EXN.2.SL.TZ0.2
The following diagram shows a circle with centre O and radius 3.
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Points A, P and B lie on the circumference of the circle.
^
Chord AB has length 𝐿 and AOB = 𝜃 radians.
a. Show that arc APB has length 6π - 3𝜃. [2]
b. Show that 𝐿 = √18 - 18 cos 𝜃 . [2]
c. Arc APB is twice the length of chord AB. Find the value of 𝜃.
[3]
21N.2.AHL.TZ0.7
A continuous random variable 𝑋 has a probability density function
given by
𝑓𝑥 = arccos 𝑥
0≤𝑥≤1
0 otherwise
The median of this distribution is 𝑚.
a. Determine the value of 𝑚. [2]
b. Given that 𝑃𝑋 - 𝑚 ≤ 𝑎 = 0 . 3, determine the value of 𝑎. [4]
19N.1.SL.TZ0.S_10
Let 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞, for 𝑥, 𝑝, 𝑞 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑝 > 1. The point A ( 0, 𝑎 ) lies on the
graph of 𝑔.
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Let 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑔−1 ( 𝑥 ) . The point B lies on the graph of 𝑓 and is the
reflection of point A in the line 𝑦 = 𝑥.
The line 𝐿1 is tangent to the graph of 𝑓 at B.
a. Write down the coordinates of B. [2]
b.
Given that 𝑓′ ( 𝑎 ) =
1
ln𝑝
, find the equation of 𝐿1 in terms of 𝑥, 𝑝 and
𝑞.
[5]
c.
The line 𝐿2 is tangent to the graph of 𝑔 at A and has equation
𝑦 = ( ln𝑝 ) 𝑥 + 𝑞 + 1.
The line 𝐿2 passes through the point ( −2, − 2 ) .
1
The gradient of the normal to 𝑔 at A is 1 .
ln ( 3 )
Find the equation of 𝐿1 in terms of 𝑥. [7]
19N.1.SL.TZ0.S_3
Let 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 11. The point ( −1, 8 ) lies on the graph of 𝑔.
a. Find the value of 𝑏. [3]
b.
The graph of 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥2 is transformed to obtain the graph of 𝑔.
Describe this transformation. [4]
21M.1.SL.TZ2.5
Consider the function 𝑓 defined by 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = ln ( 𝑥2 - 16 ) for 𝑥 > 4.
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The following diagram shows part of the graph of 𝑓 which crosses the
𝑥-axis at point A, with coordinates ( 𝑎, 0 ) . The line 𝐿 is the tangent to
the graph of 𝑓 at the point B.
a. Find the exact value of 𝑎. [3]
1
b. Given that the gradient of 𝐿 is , find the 𝑥-coordinate of B.
3
[6]
EXN.2.SL.TZ0.5
The quadratic equation 𝑘 - 1𝑥2 + 2𝑥 + 2𝑘 - 3 = 0, where 𝑘 ∈ ℝ, has real
distinct roots.
Find the range of possible values for 𝑘.
21N.2.AHL.TZ0.9
The height of water, in metres, in Dungeness harbour is modelled by
the function 𝐻 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑎 sin ( 𝑏 ( 𝑡 - 𝑐 ) ) + 𝑑, where 𝑡 is the number of
hours after midnight, and 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑑 are constants, where
𝑎 > 0, 𝑏 > 0 and 𝑐 > 0.
The following graph shows the height of the water for 13 hours,
starting at midnight.
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The first high tide occurs at 04: 30 and the next high tide occurs 12
hours later. Throughout the day, the height of the water fluctuates
between 2 . 2 m and 6 . 8 m.
All heights are given correct to one decimal place.
π
a. Show that 𝑏 = 6 . [1]
b. Find the value of 𝑎. [2]
c. Find the value of 𝑑. [2]
d. Find the smallest possible value of 𝑐. [3]
e. Find the height of the water at 12: 00. [2]
f.
Determine the number of hours, over a 24-hour period, for which
the tide is higher than 5 metres.
[3]
g.
A fisherman notes that the water height at nearby Folkestone
harbour follows the same sinusoidal pattern as that of Dungeness
harbour, with the exception that high tides (and low tides) occur
50 minutes earlier than at Dungeness.
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Find a suitable equation that may be used to model the tidal
height of water at Folkestone harbour.
[2]
EXN.2.SL.TZ0.6
Consider the curves 𝑦 = 𝑥2 sin 𝑥 and 𝑦 = - 1 - √1 + 4𝑥 + 22 for
-π ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0.
a.
Find the 𝑥-coordinates of the points of intersection of the two
curves.
[3]
b. Find the area, 𝐴, of the region enclosed by the two curves.
[4]
19N.1.SL.TZ0.S_5
Consider the function 𝑓, with derivative 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) = 2𝑥2 + 5𝑘𝑥 + 3𝑘2 + 2
where 𝑥, 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅.
a. Show that the discriminant of 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) is 𝑘2 − 16. [2]
b.
Given that 𝑓 is an increasing function, find all possible values of 𝑘.
[4]
EXN.2.SL.TZ0.9
The temperature 𝑇 °C of water 𝑡 minutes after being poured into a cup
can be modelled by 𝑇 = 𝑇0 e-𝑘𝑡 where 𝑡 ≥ 0 and 𝑇0 , 𝑘 are positive
constants.
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The water is initially boiling at 100 °C. When 𝑡 = 10, the temperature
of the water is 70 °C.
a. Show that 𝑇0 = 100. [1]
1 10
b. Show that 𝑘 = ln 7 . [3]
10
c. Find the temperature of the water when 𝑡 = 15. [2]
d.
Sketch the graph of 𝑇 versus 𝑡, clearly indicating any asymptotes
with their equations and stating the coordinates of any points of
intersection with the axes.
[4]
e.
Find the time taken for the water to have a temperature of 50 °C.
Give your answer correct to the nearest second.
[4]
f.
The model for the temperature of the water can also be expressed
𝑡
in the form 𝑇 = 𝑇0 𝑎 10 for 𝑡 ≥ 0 and 𝑎 is a positive constant.
Find the exact value of 𝑎. [3]
21M.1.AHL.TZ2.7
The cubic equation 𝑥3 - 𝑘𝑥2 + 3𝑘 = 0 where 𝑘 > 0 has roots 𝛼, 𝛽 and
𝛼 + 𝛽.
𝑘2
Given that 𝛼𝛽 = - , find the value of 𝑘.
4
21N.3.AHL.TZ0.1
In this question you will explore some of the properties of special
functions 𝑓 and 𝑔 and their relationship with the trigonometric
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functions, sine and cosine.
e𝑧 + e-𝑧 e𝑧 - e-𝑧
Functions 𝑓 and 𝑔 are defined as 𝑓𝑧 = 2
and 𝑔𝑧 = 2
, where
𝑧 ∈ ℂ.
Consider 𝑡 and 𝑢, such that 𝑡, 𝑢 ∈ ℝ.
Using ei𝑢 = cos 𝑢 + i sin 𝑢, find expressions, in terms of sin 𝑢 and
cos 𝑢, for
The functions cos 𝑥 and sin 𝑥 are known as circular functions as the
general point (cos 𝜃, sin 𝜃) defines points on the unit circle with
equation 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 1.
The functions 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) and 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) are known as hyperbolic functions, as
the general point ( 𝑓 ( 𝜃 ) , 𝑔 ( 𝜃 ) ) defines points on a curve known as
a hyperbola with equation 𝑥2 - 𝑦2 = 1. This hyperbola has two
asymptotes.
a. d2 𝑢
Verify that 𝑢 = 𝑓𝑡 satisfies the differential equation d 𝑡2
= 𝑢.
[2]
b. Show that 𝑓𝑡2 + 𝑔𝑡2 = 𝑓2𝑡. [3]
c.i. 𝑓i𝑢. [3]
c.ii. 𝑔i𝑢. [2]
d. Hence find, and simplify, an expression for 𝑓i𝑢2 + 𝑔i𝑢2 . [2]
e. Show that 𝑓𝑡2 - 𝑔𝑡2 = 𝑓i𝑢2 - 𝑔i𝑢2 . [4]
f.
Sketch the graph of 𝑥2 - 𝑦2 = 1, stating the coordinates of any axis
intercepts and the equation of each asymptote.
[4]
g.
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The hyperbola with equation 𝑥2 - 𝑦2 = 1 can be rotated to
coincide with the curve defined by 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑘, 𝑘 ∈ ℝ.
Find the possible values of 𝑘. [5]
19N.2.SL.TZ0.S_2
Consider the lines 𝐿1 and 𝐿2 with respective equations
2 2 19
𝐿1 :𝑦 = − 3 𝑥 + 9 and 𝐿2 :𝑦 = 5 𝑥 − .
5
3
A third line, 𝐿3 , has gradient − .
4
a. Find the point of intersection of 𝐿1 and 𝐿2 . [2]
b. Write down a direction vector for 𝐿3 . [1]
c. 𝐿3 passes through the intersection of 𝐿1 and 𝐿2 .
Write down a vector equation for 𝐿3 . [2]
21M.1.AHL.TZ2.12
π
The following diagram shows the graph of 𝑦 = arctan2𝑥 + 1 + 4 for
π 3π
𝑥 ∈ ℝ, with asymptotes at 𝑦 = - 4 and 𝑦 = 4
.
a.
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Describe a sequence of transformations that transforms the graph
π
of 𝑦 = arctan 𝑥 to the graph of 𝑦 = arctan2𝑥 + 1 + 4 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
[3]
b.
𝑝+𝑞
Show that arctan 𝑝 + arctan 𝑞 ≡ arctan where 𝑝, 𝑞 > 0 and
1 - 𝑝𝑞
𝑝𝑞 < 1.
[4]
𝑥 π
c. Verify that arctan 2𝑥 + 1 = arctan 𝑥 + 1 + 4 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 0. [3]
d.
Using mathematical induction and the result from part (b), prove
𝑛 1 𝑛
that Σ arctan 2 = arctan for 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ .
𝑟=1 2𝑟 𝑛+1
[9]
21M.2.SL.TZ2.2
2
Let 𝑓𝑥 = 3𝑥 - 40 . 15𝑥 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3.
a. Sketch the graph of 𝑓 on the grid below.
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[3]
b. Find the value of 𝑥 for which 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) = 0. [2]
19N.2.SL.TZ0.S_7
The following table shows the probability distribution of a discrete
random variable 𝑋, where 𝑎 ⩾ 0 and 𝑏 ⩾ 0.
a. Show that 𝑏 = 0.3 − 𝑎. [1]
b.
Find the difference between the greatest possible expected value
and the least possible expected value.
[6]
22M.3.AHL.TZ1.1
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This question asks you to explore some properties of polygonal
numbers and to determine and prove interesting results involving
these numbers.
A polygonal number is an integer which can be represented as a series
of dots arranged in the shape of a regular polygon. Triangular numbers,
square numbers and pentagonal numbers are examples of polygonal
numbers.
For example, a triangular number is a number that can be arranged in
the shape of an equilateral triangle. The first five triangular numbers
are 1, 3, 6, 10 and 15.
The following table illustrates the first five triangular, square and
pentagonal numbers respectively. In each case the first polygonal
number is one represented by a single dot.
For an 𝑟-sided regular polygon, where 𝑟 ∈ ℤ+ , 𝑟 ≥ 3, the 𝑛th
polygonal number 𝑃𝑟 𝑛 is given by
𝑟 - 2𝑛2 - 𝑟 - 4𝑛
𝑃𝑟 𝑛 =
2
, where 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ .
4 - 2𝑛2 - 4 - 4𝑛
Hence, for square numbers, 𝑃4 𝑛 = = 𝑛2 .
2
The 𝑛th pentagonal number can be represented by the arithmetic
series
𝑃5 𝑛 = 1 + 4 + 7 + … + 3𝑛 - 2.
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𝑛𝑛 + 1
a.i. For triangular numbers, verify that 𝑃3 𝑛 = . [2]
2
a.ii.
The number 351 is a triangular number. Determine which one it is.
[2]
b.i. Show that 𝑃3 𝑛 + 𝑃3 𝑛 + 1 ≡ 𝑛 + 12 . [2]
b.ii.
State, in words, what the identity given in part (b)(i) shows for two
consecutive triangular numbers.
[1]
b.iii.
For 𝑛 = 4, sketch a diagram clearly showing your answer to part
(b)(ii).
[1]
c.
Show that 8𝑃3 𝑛 + 1 is the square of an odd number for all 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ .
[3]
𝑛3𝑛 - 1
d. Hence show that 𝑃5 𝑛 = for 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ . [3]
2
e.
By using a suitable table of values or otherwise, determine the
smallest positive integer, greater than 1, that is both a triangular
number and a pentagonal number.
[5]
f. A polygonal number, 𝑃𝑟 𝑛, can be represented by the series
𝑛
Σ 1 + 𝑚 - 1𝑟 - 2 where 𝑟 ∈ ℤ+ , 𝑟 ≥ 3.
𝑚=1
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𝑟 - 2𝑛2 - 𝑟 - 4𝑛
Use mathematical induction to prove that 𝑃𝑟 𝑛 = 2
where
𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ .
[8]
22M.3.AHL.TZ1.2
This question asks you to explore cubic polynomials of the form
𝑥 - 𝑟𝑥2 - 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ and corresponding cubic equations
with one real root and two complex roots of the form
( 𝑧 - 𝑟 ) ( 𝑧2 - 2𝑎𝑧 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ) = 0 for 𝑧 ∈ ℂ.
In parts (a), (b) and (c), let 𝑟 = 1, 𝑎 = 4 and 𝑏 = 1.
Consider the equation 𝑧 - 1𝑧2 - 8𝑧 + 17 = 0 for 𝑧 ∈ ℂ.
Consider the function 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥 - 1𝑥2 - 8𝑥 + 17 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
Consider the function 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑥 - 𝑟𝑥2 - 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ where
𝑟, 𝑎 ∈ ℝ and 𝑏 ∈ ℝ, 𝑏 > 0.
The equation 𝑧 - 𝑟𝑧2 - 2𝑎𝑧 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 = 0 for 𝑧 ∈ ℂ has roots 𝑟 and 𝑎 ± 𝑏i
where 𝑟, 𝑎 ∈ ℝ and 𝑏 ∈ ℝ, 𝑏 > 0.
On the Cartesian plane, the points C1 𝑎, √𝑔'𝑎 and C2 𝑎, - √𝑔'𝑎
represent the real and imaginary parts of the complex roots of the
equation 𝑧 - 𝑟𝑧2 - 2𝑎𝑧 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 = 0.
The following diagram shows a particular curve of the form
𝑦 = 𝑥 - 𝑟𝑥2 - 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 16 and the tangent to the curve at the point
A𝑎, 80. The curve and the tangent both intersect the 𝑥-axis at the
point R-2, 0. The points C1 and C2 are also shown.
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Consider the curve 𝑦 = ( 𝑥 - 𝑟 ) ( 𝑥2 - 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ) for 𝑎 ≠ 𝑟, 𝑏 > 0.
The points A ( 𝑎, 𝑔 ( 𝑎 ) ) and R ( 𝑟, 0 ) are as defined in part (d)(ii).
The curve has a point of inflexion at point P.
Consider the special case where 𝑎 = 𝑟 and 𝑏 > 0.
a.i.
Given that 1 and 4 + i are roots of the equation, write down the
third root.
[1]
a.ii. Verify that the mean of the two complex roots is 4. [1]
b.
Show that the line 𝑦 = 𝑥 - 1 is tangent to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 at the
point A4, 3.
[4]
c.
Sketch the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) and the tangent to the curve at point
A, clearly showing where the tangent crosses the 𝑥-axis.
[2]
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d.i. Show that 𝑔'𝑥 = 2𝑥 - 𝑟𝑥 - 𝑎 + 𝑥2 - 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 . [2]
d.ii.
Hence, or otherwise, prove that the tangent to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑔𝑥 at
the point A𝑎, 𝑔𝑎 intersects the 𝑥-axis at the point R𝑟, 0.
[6]
e.
Deduce from part (d)(i) that the complex roots of the equation
𝑧 - 𝑟𝑧2 - 2𝑎𝑧 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 = 0 can be expressed as 𝑎 ± i√𝑔'𝑎.
[1]
f.i.
Use this diagram to determine the roots of the corresponding
equation of the form 𝑧 - 𝑟𝑧2 - 2𝑎𝑧 + 𝑎2 + 16 = 0 for 𝑧 ∈ ℂ.
[4]
f.ii. State the coordinates of C2 . [1]
1
g.i. Show that the 𝑥-coordinate of P is 2𝑎 + 𝑟.
3
You are not required to demonstrate a change in concavity. [2]
g.ii.
Hence describe numerically the horizontal position of point P
relative to the horizontal positions of the points R and A.
[1]
h.i.
Sketch the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 - 𝑟𝑥2 - 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 for 𝑎 = 𝑟 = 1 and 𝑏 = 2.
[2]
h.ii.
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For 𝑎 = 𝑟 and 𝑏 > 0, state in terms of 𝑟, the coordinates of points P
and A.
[1]
17M.2.SL.TZ1.S_10
𝑥
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = ln𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 3 + ln( ) , for 𝑥 > 0.
2
The graph of 𝑔 can be obtained from the graph of 𝑓 by two
transformations:
a horizontal stretch of scale factor 𝑞 followed by
a translation of ( ℎ ) .
𝑘
Let ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥) × cos(0.1𝑥), for 0 < 𝑥 < 4. The following diagram shows
the graph of ℎ and the line 𝑦 = 𝑥.
The graph of ℎ intersects the graph of ℎ−1 at two points. These points
have 𝑥 coordinates 0.111 and 3.31 correct to three significant figures.
a.i. Write down the value of 𝑞; [1]
a.ii. Write down the value of ℎ; [1]
a.iii. Write down the value of 𝑘. [1]
3.31
b.i. Find ∫0.111 ( ℎ(𝑥) − 𝑥 ) d𝑥. [2]
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b.ii.
Hence, find the area of the region enclosed by the graphs of ℎ and
ℎ−1 .
[3]
c.
Let 𝑑 be the vertical distance from a point on the graph of ℎ to the
line 𝑦 = 𝑥. There is a point P(𝑎, 𝑏) on the graph of ℎ where 𝑑 is a
maximum.
Find the coordinates of P, where 0.111 < 𝑎 < 3.31. [7]
EXM.1.AHL.TZ0.4
2𝑥 + 6
Let 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = ,𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 .
𝑥2 + 6𝑥 + 10
a. Show that 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) has no vertical asymptotes. [3]
b. Find the equation of the horizontal asymptote. [2]
c.
1
Find the exact value of ∫ 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥, giving the answer in the form
0
ln𝑞,𝑞 ∈ 𝑄.
[3]
17N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_6
The number of bananas that Lucca eats during any particular day
follows a Poisson distribution with mean 0.2.
a.
Find the probability that Lucca eats at least one banana in a
particular day.
[2]
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b.
Find the expected number of weeks in the year in which Lucca
eats no bananas.
[4]
EXM.1.AHL.TZ0.5
2𝑥2 − 5𝑥 − 12
Let 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥+2
,𝑥 ∈ 𝑅,𝑥 ≠ − 2.
a.
Find all the intercepts of the graph of 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) with both the 𝑥 and 𝑦
axes.
[4]
b. Write down the equation of the vertical asymptote. [1]
c.
As 𝑥 → ± ∞ the graph of 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) approaches an oblique straight line
asymptote.
Divide 2𝑥2 − 5𝑥 − 12 by 𝑥 + 2 to find the equation of this
asymptote.
[4]
EXM.1.AHL.TZ0.6
𝑥2 − 10𝑥 + 5
Let 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥+1
,𝑥 ∈ 𝑅,𝑥 ≠ − 1.
a. Find the co-ordinates of all stationary points. [4]
b. Write down the equation of the vertical asymptote. [1]
c.
With justification, state if each stationary point is a minimum,
maximum or horizontal point of inflection.
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[4]
SPM.1.SL.TZ0.5
𝑥+3
The functions 𝑓 and 𝑔 are defined such that 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = and
4
𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 8𝑥 + 5.
a. Show that ( 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 ) ( 𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 + 11. [2]
−1
b. Given that ( 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 ) ( 𝑎 ) = 4, find the value of 𝑎. [3]
18N.3.AHL.TZ0.HSRG_4
Consider the functions 𝑓, 𝑔 : 𝑅 × 𝑅 → 𝑅 × 𝑅 defined by
𝑓 ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) = ( 𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑥 − 𝑦 ) and 𝑔 ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) = ( 𝑥𝑦, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ) .
a.i. Find ( 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ) ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) . [3]
a.ii. Find ( 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 ) ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) . [2]
b. State with a reason whether or not 𝑓 and 𝑔 commute. [1]
c. Find the inverse of 𝑓. [3]
19M.2.SL.TZ1.T_4
1
Consider the function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥3 − 5𝑥2 + 6𝑥 − 3 + , 𝑥 > 0
𝑥
1
The function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥3 − 5𝑥2 + 6𝑥 − 3 + , 𝑥 > 0, models the path of a
𝑥
river, as shown on the following map, where both axes represent
distance and are measured in kilometres. On the same map, the
location of a highway is defined by the function 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 0.5 ( 3 ) −𝑥 + 1.
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The origin, O(0, 0) , is the location of the centre of a town called
Orangeton.
A straight footpath, 𝑃, is built to connect the centre of Orangeton to
1
the river at the point where 𝑥 = .
2
Bridges are located where the highway crosses the river.
A straight road is built from the centre of Orangeton, due north, to
connect the town to the highway.
1
a. Find the value of 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) when 𝑥 = . [2]
2
b.i.
Find the function, 𝑃 ( 𝑥 ) , that would define this footpath on the
map.
[3]
b.ii. State the domain of 𝑃. [2]
c.
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Find the coordinates of the bridges relative to the centre of
Orangeton.
[4]
d.
Find the distance from the centre of Orangeton to the point at
which the road meets the highway.
[2]
e.
This straight road crosses the highway and then carries on due
north.
State whether the straight road will ever cross the river. Justify
your answer.
[2]
16N.1.SL.TZ0.T_9
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The graph of the quadratic function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐 + 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑥2 intersects the 𝑥-
axis at the point A( − 1, 0) and has its vertex at the point B(3, 16).
a.
Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry for this graph.
[2]
b. Find the value of 𝑏. [2]
c. Write down the range of 𝑓(𝑥). [2]
18N.2.SL.TZ0.T_4
27
Consider the function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = − 16𝑥, 𝑥 ≠ 0.
𝑥2
a. Sketch the graph of y = f (x), for −4 ≤ x ≤ 3 and −50 ≤ y ≤ 100.
[4]
b.iii.
Use your graphic display calculator to find the equation of the
tangent to the graph of y = f (x) at the point (–2, 38.75).
Give your answer in the form y = mx + c. [2]
c.
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Sketch the graph of the function g (x) = 10x + 40 on the same
axes.
[2]
19N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_10
2𝑥 − 4
Consider 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = , − 1 < 𝑥 < 1.
𝑥2 − 1
For the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) ,
a.i. Find 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) . [2]
a.ii. Show that, if 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) = 0, then 𝑥 = 2 − √3 . [3]
b.i. find the coordinates of the 𝑦-intercept. [1]
b.ii. show that there are no 𝑥-intercepts. [2]
b.iii.
sketch the graph, showing clearly any asymptotic behaviour. [2]
3 1 2𝑥 − 4
c. Show that − 𝑥−1 = . [2]
𝑥+1 𝑥2 − 1
d.
The area enclosed by the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) and the line 𝑦 = 4
can be expressed as ln𝑣. Find the value of 𝑣.
[7]
19M.1.AHL.TZ2.H_11
Consider the functions 𝑓 and 𝑔 defined by 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = ln|𝑥|, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 \ { 0 } ,
and 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = ln|𝑥 + 𝑘|, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 \ { −𝑘 } , where 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑘 > 2.
The graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 intersect at the point P .
a.
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Describe the transformation by which 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) is transformed to
𝑔(𝑥).
[1]
b. State the range of 𝑔. [1]
c.
Sketch the graphs of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) and 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) on the same axes,
clearly stating the points of intersection with any axes.
[6]
d. Find the coordinates of P. [2]
17M.2.AHL.TZ1.H_12
Consider 𝑓(𝑥) = − 1 + ln( √𝑥2 − 1 )
The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = − 1 + ln( √𝑥2 − 1 ) , 𝑥 ∈ 𝐷
The function 𝑔 is defined by 𝑔(𝑥) = − 1 + ln( √𝑥2 − 1 ) , 𝑥 ∈ ] 1, ∞ [.
a. Find the largest possible domain 𝐷 for 𝑓 to be a function. [2]
b.
Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) showing clearly the equations of
asymptotes and the coordinates of any intercepts with the axes.
[3]
c. Explain why 𝑓 is an even function. [1]
d. Explain why the inverse function 𝑓−1 does not exist. [1]
e. Find the inverse function 𝑔−1 and state its domain. [4]
f. Find 𝑔′ (𝑥). [3]
g.i. Hence, show that there are no solutions to 𝑔′ (𝑥) = 0; [2]
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g.ii. Hence, show that there are no solutions to (𝑔−1 )′ (𝑥) = 0.
[2]
19M.2.SL.TZ2.T_6
Tommaso plans to compete in a regional bicycle race after he
graduates, however he needs to buy a racing bicycle. He finds a
bicycle that costs 1100 euro (EUR). Tommaso has 950 EUR and invests
this money in an account that pays 5 % interest per year, compounded
monthly.
The cost of the bicycle, 𝐶, can be modelled by 𝐶 = 20𝑥 + 1100, where
𝑥 is the number of years since Tommaso invested his money.
a.
Determine the amount that he will have in his account after 3
years. Give your answer correct to two decimal places.
[3]
b.
Find the difference between the cost of the bicycle and the
amount of money in Tommaso’s account after 3 years. Give your
answer correct to two decimal places.
[3]
c.
After 𝑚 complete months Tommaso will, for the first time, have
enough money in his account to buy the bicycle.
Find the value of 𝑚. [5]
20N.1.SL.TZ0.S_5
Let 𝑓𝑥 = - 𝑥2 + 4𝑥 + 5 and 𝑔𝑥 = - 𝑓𝑥 + 𝑘.
Find the values of 𝑘 so that 𝑔𝑥 = 0 has no real roots.
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20N.1.SL.TZ0.S_4
Let 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎 log3 𝑥 - 4, for 𝑥 > 4, where 𝑎 > 0.
Point A13, 7 lies on the graph of 𝑓.
a. Find the value of 𝑎. [3]
b. The 𝑥-intercept of the graph of 𝑓 is 5, 0.
On the following grid, sketch the graph of 𝑓.
[3]
20N.2.SL.TZ0.S_1
50
Consider the function 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 𝑥
, 𝑥 ≠ 0.
a. Find 𝑓1. [2]
b. Solve 𝑓𝑥 = 0. [2]
c. The graph of 𝑓 has a local minimum at point A.
Find the coordinates of A. [2]
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20N.2.SL.TZ0.S_4
Let 𝑓𝑥 = 4 - 𝑥3 and 𝑔𝑥 = ln 𝑥, for 𝑥 > 0.
a. Find 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔𝑥. [2]
b.i. Solve the equation 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑥. [2]
b.ii.
Hence or otherwise, given that 𝑔2𝑎 = 𝑓-1 2𝑎, find the value of 𝑎.
[3]
20N.1.SL.TZ0.T_11
The diagram shows the graph of the quadratic function
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑥2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 , with vertex −2, 10.
The equation 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑘 has two solutions. One of these solutions is
𝑥 = 2.
a. Write down the other solution of 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑘. [2]
b.
Complete the table below placing a tick (✔) to show whether the
unknown parameters 𝑎 and 𝑏 are positive, zero or negative. The
row for 𝑐 has been completed as an example.
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[2]
c. State the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) is decreasing. [2]
20N.1.SL.TZ0.T_12
Jean-Pierre jumps out of an airplane that is flying at constant altitude.
Before opening his parachute, he goes through a period of freefall.
Jean-Pierre’s vertical speed during the time of freefall, 𝑆, in m s-1 , is
modelled by the following function.
𝑆𝑡 = 𝐾 - 601 . 2-𝑡 , 𝑡 ≥ 0
where 𝑡, is the number of seconds after he jumps out of the airplane,
and 𝐾 is a constant. A sketch of Jean-Pierre’s vertical speed against
time is shown below.
Jean-Pierre’s initial vertical speed is 0 m s-1 .
a. Find the value of 𝐾. [2]
b.
In the context of the model, state what the horizontal asymptote
represents.
[1]
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c.
Find Jean-Pierre’s vertical speed after 10 seconds. Give your
answer in km h−1 .
[3]
16N.3.AHL.TZ0.HSRG_2
Let 𝐴 be the set {𝑥 | 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ 0}. Let 𝐵 be the set
{𝑥 | 𝑥 ∈ ] − 1, + 1[, 𝑥 ≠ 0}.
2
A function 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐵 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = arctan(𝑥).
𝜋
Let 𝐷 be the set {𝑥 | 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑥 > 0}.
A function 𝑔: 𝑅 → 𝐷 is defined by 𝑔(𝑥) = e𝑥 .
a.
(i) Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) and hence justify whether or not
𝑓 is a bijection.
(ii) Show that 𝐴 is a group under the binary operation of
multiplication.
(iii) Give a reason why 𝐵 is not a group under the binary
operation of multiplication.
(iv) Find an example to show that 𝑓(𝑎 × 𝑏) = 𝑓(𝑎) × 𝑓(𝑏) is not
satisfied for all 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝐴.
[13]
b.
(i) Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥) and hence justify whether or not
𝑔 is a bijection.
(ii) Show that 𝑔(𝑎 + 𝑏) = 𝑔(𝑎) × 𝑔(𝑏) for all 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑅.
(iii) Given that {𝑅, + } and {𝐷, × } are both groups, explain
whether or not they are isomorphic.
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[8]
17N.1.SL.TZ0.S_3
The following diagram shows the graph of a function 𝑓, with domain
−2 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 4.
The points ( − 2, 0) and (4, 7) lie on the graph of 𝑓.
On the grid, sketch the graph of 𝑓−1 .
17N.1.SL.TZ0.S_5
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Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 + e−𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 𝑏, for 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, where 𝑏 is a constant.
a. Find (𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥). [2]
b. Given that lim (𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥) = − 3, find the value of 𝑏. [4]
𝑥→ +∞
17M.2.SL.TZ2.S_3
The following diagram shows the graph of a function 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥), for
−6 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ − 2.
The points ( − 6, 6) and ( − 2, 6) lie on the graph of 𝑓. There is a
minimum point at ( − 4, 0).
Let 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥 − 5).
a. Write down the range of 𝑓. [2]
c. Write down the domain of 𝑔. [2]
17M.2.SL.TZ2.S_6
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2 − 1 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥2 − 2, for 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅.
a. Show that (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑥4 − 4𝑥2 + 3. [2]
b.
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On the following grid, sketch the graph of (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥), for
0 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 2.25.
[3]
c.
The equation (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑘 has exactly two solutions, for
0 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 2.25. Find the possible values of 𝑘.
[3]
16N.1.SL.TZ0.S_1
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2 − 4𝑥 + 5.
The function can also be expressed in the form 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 𝑘.
(i) Write down the value of ℎ. (ii) Find the value of 𝑘.
18M.2.SL.TZ2.S_7
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8𝑥 − 5 6
Let 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = for 𝑥 ≠ − , 𝑐 ≠ 0.
𝑐𝑥 + 6 𝑐
Write down the equation of the horizontal asymptote to the graph of f.
20N.1.SL.TZ0.T_2
Olava’s Pizza Company supplies and delivers large cheese pizzas.
The total cost to the customer, 𝐶, in Papua New Guinean Kina (PGK), is
modelled by the function
𝐶𝑛 = 34 . 50𝑛 + 8 . 50 , 𝑛 ≥ 2 , 𝑛 ∈ ℤ,
where 𝑛, is the number of large cheese pizzas ordered. This total cost
includes a fixed cost for delivery.
a.i.
State, in the context of the question, what the value of 34 . 50
represents.
[1]
a.ii.
State, in the context of the question, what the value of 8 . 50
represents.
[1]
b.
Write down the minimum number of pizzas that can be ordered.
[1]
c. Kaelani has 450 PGK.
Find the maximum number of large cheese pizzas that Kaelani can
order from Olava’s Pizza Company.
[3]
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18N.2.SL.TZ0.S_3
6𝑥 − 1 3
Let 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = , for 𝑥 ≠ − .
2𝑥 + 3 2
a.i. For the graph of 𝑓, find the 𝑦-intercept. [2]
b. Hence or otherwise, write down lim ( ).
6𝑥 − 1
[2]
2𝑥 + 3
𝑥→∞
21M.1.SL.TZ1.1
The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 for -4 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 6 is shown in the following diagram.
a.i. Write down the value of 𝑓2. [1]
a.ii. Write down the value of 𝑓 ∘ 𝑓2. [1]
b.
1
Let 𝑔𝑥 = 2 𝑓𝑥 + 1 for -4 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 6. On the axes above, sketch the
graph of 𝑔.
[3]
20N.1.SL.TZ0.T_4
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12
Consider the graph of the function 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥 + , 𝑥 ≠ 0.
𝑥2
a.i. Write down the zero of 𝑓𝑥. [2]
a.ii. Write down the coordinates of the local minimum point. [2]
b. Consider the function 𝑔𝑥 = 3 - 𝑥. Solve 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑔𝑥. [2]
18N.1.SL.TZ0.S_5
Consider the vectors a = ( 2𝑝 ) and b = (
3 𝑝+1
).
8
Find the possible values of p for which a and b are parallel.
17M.2.SL.TZ2.S_10
The following table shows a probability distribution for the random
variable 𝑋, where E(𝑋) = 1.2.
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A bag contains white and blue marbles, with at least three of each
colour. Three marbles are drawn from the bag, without replacement.
The number of blue marbles drawn is given by the random variable 𝑋.
A game is played in which three marbles are drawn from the bag of ten
marbles, without replacement. A player wins a prize if three white
marbles are drawn.
a.i. Find 𝑞. [2]
a.ii. Find 𝑝. [2]
b.i. Write down the probability of drawing three blue marbles.
[1]
b.ii.
1
Explain why the probability of drawing three white marbles is .
6
[1]
b.iii.
The bag contains a total of ten marbles of which 𝑤 are white. Find
𝑤.
[3]
c.
Jill plays the game nine times. Find the probability that she wins
exactly two prizes.
[2]
d.
Grant plays the game until he wins two prizes. Find the probability
that he wins his second prize on his eighth attempt.
[4]
21M.1.SL.TZ1.7
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Let 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥2 - 2𝑚𝑥, where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ and 𝑚 ∈ ℝ. The line 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 - 9 meets
the graph of 𝑓 at exactly one point.
The function 𝑓 can be expressed in the form 𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑥 - 𝑝𝑥 - 𝑞, where
𝑝, 𝑞 ∈ ℝ.
The function 𝑓 can also be expressed in the form 𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑥 - ℎ2 + 𝑘,
where ℎ, 𝑘 ∈ ℝ.
a. Show that 𝑚 = 4. [6]
b. Find the value of 𝑝 and the value of 𝑞. [2]
c. Find the value of ℎ and the value of 𝑘. [3]
d.
Hence find the values of 𝑥 where the graph of 𝑓 is both negative
and increasing.
[3]
21M.1.SL.TZ1.8
ln 𝑥
Let 𝑦 = for 𝑥 > 0.
𝑥4
ln 𝑥
Consider the function defined by 𝑓𝑥 for 𝑥 > 0 and its graph 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥.
𝑥4
d𝑦 1 - 4 ln 𝑥
a. Show that = . [3]
d𝑥 𝑥5
b.
The graph of 𝑓 has a horizontal tangent at point P. Find the
coordinates of P.
[5]
c.
20 ln 𝑥 - 9
Given that 𝑓 '' 𝑥 = 𝑥6
, show that P is a local maximum point.
[3]
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d. Solve 𝑓𝑥 > 0 for 𝑥 > 0. [2]
e.
Sketch the graph of 𝑓, showing clearly the value of the 𝑥-intercept
and the approximate position of point P.
[3]
21M.2.SL.TZ1.9
Consider the function 𝑓 defined by 𝑓𝑥 = 90e-0 . 5𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ .
The graph of 𝑓 and the line 𝑦 = 𝑥 intersect at point P.
The line 𝐿 has a gradient of -1 and is a tangent to the graph of 𝑓 at the
point Q.
The shaded region 𝐴 is enclosed by the graph of 𝑓 and the lines 𝑦 = 𝑥
and 𝐿.
a. Find the 𝑥-coordinate of P. [2]
b. Find the exact coordinates of Q. [4]
c. Show that the equation of 𝐿 is 𝑦 = - 𝑥 + 2 ln 45 + 2. [2]
d.i.
Find the 𝑥-coordinate of the point where 𝐿 intersects the line 𝑦 = 𝑥
.
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[1]
d.ii. Hence, find the area of 𝐴. [4]
e.
The line 𝐿 is tangent to the graphs of both 𝑓 and the inverse
function 𝑓-1 .
Find the shaded area enclosed by the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑓-1 and the
line 𝐿.
[2]
21M.2.AHL.TZ1.7
A continuous random variable 𝑋 has the probability density function 𝑓 giv
by
𝑥
3
0≤𝑥≤4
𝑓𝑥 = √𝑥2 + 𝑘
0 othe
where 𝑘 ∈ ℝ+ .
a. Show that √16 + 𝑘 - √𝑘 = √𝑘 √16 + 𝑘 . [5]
b. Find the value of 𝑘. [2]
21M.2.SL.TZ2.5
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The functions 𝑓 and 𝑔 are defined for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ by 𝑓𝑥 = 6𝑥2 - 12𝑥 + 1 and
𝑔𝑥 = - 𝑥 + 𝑐, where 𝑐 ∈ ℝ.
a. Find the range of 𝑓. [2]
b.
Given that 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓𝑥 ≤ 0 for all 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, determine the set of possible
values for 𝑐.
[4]
21M.2.SL.TZ2.6
All living plants contain an isotope of carbon called carbon-14. When a
plant dies, the isotope decays so that the amount of carbon-14
present in the remains of the plant decreases. The time since the death
of a plant can be determined by measuring the amount of carbon-14
still present in the remains.
The amount, 𝐴, of carbon-14 present in a plant 𝑡 years after its death
can be modelled by 𝐴 = 𝐴0 e-𝑘𝑡 where 𝑡 ≥ 0 and 𝐴0 , 𝑘 are positive
constants.
At the time of death, a plant is defined to have 100 units of carbon-14.
The time taken for half the original amount of carbon-14 to decay is
known to be 5730 years.
a. Show that 𝐴0 = 100. [1]
ln 2
b. Show that 𝑘 = . [3]
5730
c.
Find, correct to the nearest 10 years, the time taken after the
plant’s death for 25% of the carbon-14 to decay.
[3]
21M.2.AHL.TZ2.11
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𝑥
𝑘e 2
A function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≥ 0 and 𝑘 ∈ ℝ+ .
1 + e𝑥
The region enclosed by the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) , the 𝑥-axis, the 𝑦-axis
and the line 𝑥 = ln 16 is rotated 360° about the 𝑥-axis to form a solid
of revolution.
Pedro wants to make a small bowl with a volume of 300 cm3 based on
the result from part (a). Pedro’s design is shown in the following
diagrams.
The vertical height of the bowl, BO, is measured along the 𝑥-axis. The
radius of the bowl’s top is OA and the radius of the bowl’s base is BC.
All lengths are measured in cm.
For design purposes, Pedro investigates how the cross-sectional radius
of the bowl changes.
a. 15𝑘2 π
Show that the volume of the solid formed is 34
cubic units.
[6]
b.
Find the value of 𝑘 that satisfies the requirements of Pedro’s
design.
[2]
c.i. Find OA. [2]
c.ii. Find BC. [2]
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d.i.
By sketching the graph of a suitable derivative of 𝑓, find where
the cross-sectional radius of the bowl is decreasing most rapidly.
[4]
d.ii. State the cross-sectional radius of the bowl at this point.
[2]
21M.2.AHL.TZ2.12
𝑥2 - 1
A function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = arcsin 𝑥2 + 1 , 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
𝑥2 - 1
A function 𝑔 is defined by 𝑔𝑥 = arcsin 𝑥2 + 1 , 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≥ 0.
a. Show that 𝑓 is an even function. [1]
b.
By considering limits, show that the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) has a
horizontal asymptote and state its equation.
[2]
2𝑥
c.i. Show that 𝑓'𝑥 = for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ 0. [6]
√𝑥2 𝑥2 + 1
c.ii.
By using the expression for 𝑓'𝑥 and the result √𝑥2 = 𝑥, show that 𝑓
is decreasing for 𝑥 < 0.
[3]
d. Find an expression for 𝑔-1 ( 𝑥 ) , justifying your answer. [5]
e. State the domain of 𝑔-1 . [1]
f.
Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔-1 ( 𝑥 ) , clearly indicating any asymptotes
with their equations and stating the values of any axes intercepts.
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[3]
21M.3.AHL.TZ2.1
This question asks you to explore the behaviour and some key
features of the function 𝑓𝑛 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥𝑛 ( 𝑎 - 𝑥 ) 𝑛 , where 𝑎 ∈ ℝ+ and
𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ .
In parts (a) and (b), only consider the case where 𝑎 = 2.
Consider 𝑓1 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥 ( 2 - 𝑥 ) .
Consider 𝑓𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑥𝑛 2 - 𝑥𝑛 , where 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ , 𝑛 > 1.
Now consider 𝑓𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑥𝑛 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 where 𝑎 ∈ ℝ+ and 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ , 𝑛 > 1.
By using the result from part (f) and considering the sign of 𝑓𝑛 ' -1, show
that the point 0, 0 on the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑛 𝑥 is
a.
Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓1 ( 𝑥 ) , stating the values of any axes
intercepts and the coordinates of any local maximum or minimum
points.
[3]
b.
Use your graphic display calculator to explore the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓𝑛 ( 𝑥 ) for
• the odd values 𝑛 = 3 and 𝑛 = 5;
• the even values 𝑛 = 2 and 𝑛 = 4.
Hence, copy and complete the following table.
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[6]
c. Show that 𝑓𝑛 ' 𝑥 = 𝑛𝑥𝑛 - 1 𝑎 - 2𝑥𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 - 1 . [5]
d. State the three solutions to the equation 𝑓𝑛 ' 𝑥 = 0. [2]
e.
𝑎 𝑎
Show that the point 2 , 𝑓𝑛 2 on the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑛 𝑥 is always
above the horizontal axis.
[3]
𝑎
f. Hence, or otherwise, show that 𝑓𝑛 ' 4 > 0, for 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ . [2]
g.i.
a local minimum point for even values of 𝑛, where 𝑛 > 1 and
𝑎 ∈ ℝ+ .
[3]
g.ii.
a point of inflexion with zero gradient for odd values of 𝑛, where
𝑛 > 1 and 𝑎 ∈ ℝ+ .
[2]
h.
Consider the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥𝑛 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 - 𝑘, where 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ , 𝑎 ∈ ℝ+ and
𝑘 ∈ ℝ.
State the conditions on 𝑛 and 𝑘 such that the equation 𝑥𝑛 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 = 𝑘
has four solutions for 𝑥.
[5]
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21N.1.SL.TZ0.3
2𝑥 + 4
The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ 3.
3-𝑥
Write down the equation of
Find the coordinates where the graph of 𝑓 crosses
a.i. the vertical asymptote of the graph of 𝑓. [1]
a.ii. the horizontal asymptote of the graph of 𝑓. [1]
b.i. the 𝑥-axis. [1]
b.ii. the 𝑦-axis. [1]
c. Sketch the graph of 𝑓 on the axes below.
[1]
20N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_10
Consider the function 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥3 + 𝑏𝑥2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑 , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ and
𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 ∈ ℝ.
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1
Consider the function 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑥3 - 3𝑥2 + 6𝑥 - 8, where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
2
The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) may be obtained by transforming the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑥3 using a sequence of three transformations.
a.i. Write down an expression for 𝑓'𝑥. [1]
a.ii. Hence, given that 𝑓−1 does not exist, show that 𝑏2 − 3𝑎𝑐 > 0.
[3]
b.i. Show that 𝑔−1 exists. [2]
b.ii.
𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) can be written in the form 𝑝 ( 𝑥 − 2 ) 3 + 𝑞 , where
𝑝, 𝑞 ∈ ℝ.
Find the value of 𝑝 and the value of 𝑞. [3]
b.iii. Hence find 𝑔-1 ( 𝑥 ) . [3]
c.
State each of the transformations in the order in which they are
applied.
[3]
d.
Sketch the graphs of 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) and 𝑦 = 𝑔-1 ( 𝑥 ) on the same set of
axes, indicating the points where each graph crosses the
coordinate axes.
[5]
21N.1.SL.TZ0.1
Consider the function 𝑓𝑥 = - 2𝑥 - 1𝑥 + 3, for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ. The following
diagram shows part of the graph of 𝑓.
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For the graph of 𝑓
a.i. find the 𝑥-coordinates of the 𝑥-intercepts. [2]
a.ii. find the coordinates of the vertex. [3]
b. The function 𝑓 can be written in the form 𝑓𝑥 = - 2𝑥 - ℎ2 + 𝑘.
Write down the value of ℎ and the value of 𝑘. [2]
18M.2.SL.TZ1.T_4
48
Consider the function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = + 𝑘𝑥2 − 58, where x > 0 and k is a
𝑥
constant.
The graph of the function passes through the point with coordinates (4
, 2).
P is the minimum point of the graph of f (x).
Sketch the graph of y = f (x) for 0 < x ≤ 6 and −30 ≤ y ≤ 60.
Clearly indicate the minimum point P and the x-intercepts on your
graph.
17M.1.SL.TZ1.T_12
𝑐
The function 𝑓 is of the form 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 + 𝑥 , where 𝑎 , 𝑏 and 𝑐 are
positive integers.
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Part of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) is shown on the axes below. The graph of
the function has its local maximum at ( − 2, − 2) and its local minimum
at (2, 6).
b.i. Draw the line 𝑦 = − 6 on the axes. [1]
b.ii. Write down the number of solutions to 𝑓(𝑥) = − 6. [1]
c.
Find the range of values of 𝑘 for which 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑘 has no solution.
[2]
20N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_12
𝑘𝑥 - 5
Consider the function defined by 𝑓𝑥 = , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ \ 𝑘 and
𝑥-𝑘
𝑘2 ≠ 5.
Consider the case where 𝑘 = 3.
a.
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State the equation of the vertical asymptote on the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥).
[1]
b.
State the equation of the horizontal asymptote on the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥).
[1]
c.
Use an algebraic method to determine whether 𝑓 is a self-inverse
function.
[4]
d.
Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) , stating clearly the equations of any
asymptotes and the coordinates of any points of intersections
with the coordinate axes.
[3]
e.
The region bounded by the 𝑥-axis, the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) , and the
lines 𝑥 = 5 and 𝑥 = 7 is rotated through 2π about the 𝑥-axis. Find
the volume of the solid generated, giving your answer in the form
π ( 𝑎 + 𝑏 ln 2 ) , where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℤ.
[6]
22M.1.SL.TZ2.4
2𝑥 - 1
A function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ - 1.
𝑥+1
The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) has a vertical asymptote and a horizontal
asymptote.
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a.i. Write down the equation of the vertical asymptote. [1]
a.ii. Write down the equation of the horizontal asymptote. [1]
b. On the set of axes below, sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) .
On your sketch, clearly indicate the asymptotes and the position
of any points of intersection with the axes.
[3]
2𝑥 - 1
c. Hence, solve the inequality 0 < < 2. [1]
𝑥+1
22M.1.SL.TZ2.7
The following diagram shows part of the graph of a quadratic function
𝑓.
The graph of 𝑓 has its vertex at ( 3, 4 ) , and it passes through point Q
as shown.
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2
The function can be written in the form 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑎 ( 𝑥 - ℎ ) + 𝑘.
The line 𝐿 is tangent to the graph of 𝑓 at Q.
Now consider another function 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) . The derivative of 𝑔 is given
by 𝑔′ ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) - 𝑑, where 𝑑 ∈ ℝ.
a. Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry. [1]
b.i. Write down the values of ℎ and 𝑘. [2]
b.ii. Point Q has coordinates ( 5, 12 ) . Find the value of 𝑎. [2]
c. Find the equation of 𝐿. [4]
d. Find the values of 𝑑 for which 𝑔 is an increasing function. [3]
e. Find the values of 𝑥 for which the graph of 𝑔 is concave-up.
[3]
22M.1.SL.TZ2.6
Consider the binomial expansion
( 𝑥 + 1 ) 7 = 𝑥7 + 𝑎𝑥6 + 𝑏𝑥5 + 35𝑥4 + … + 1 where 𝑥 ≠ 0 and 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℤ+ .
a. Show that 𝑏 = 21. [2]
b.
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The third term in the expansion is the mean of the second term
and the fourth term in the expansion.
Find the possible values of 𝑥. [5]
22M.1.SL.TZ2.8
1
Consider the functions 𝑓𝑥 = + 1, for 𝑥 ≠ 4, and 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑥 - 3 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
𝑥-4
The following diagram shows the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔.
The graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 intersect at points A and B. The coordinates of A
are ( 3, 0 ) .
In the following diagram, the shaded region is enclosed by the graph
of 𝑓, the graph of 𝑔, the 𝑥-axis, and the line 𝑥 = 𝑘, where 𝑘 ∈ ℤ.
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The area of the shaded region can be written as ln ( 𝑝 ) + 8, where
𝑝 ∈ ℤ.
a. Find the coordinates of B. [5]
b. Find the value of 𝑘 and the value of 𝑝. [10]
21N.1.SL.TZ0.5
The function 𝑓 is defined for all 𝑥 ∈ ℝ. The line with equation 𝑦 = 6𝑥 - 1
is the tangent to the graph of 𝑓 at 𝑥 = 4.
The function 𝑔 is defined for all 𝑥 ∈ ℝ where 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑥2 - 3𝑥 and ℎ𝑥 = 𝑓𝑔𝑥.
a. Write down the value of 𝑓′ ( 4 ) . [1]
b. Find 𝑓 ( 4 ) . [1]
c. Find ℎ ( 4 ) . [2]
d.
Hence find the equation of the tangent to the graph of ℎ at 𝑥 = 4.
[3]
21N.1.AHL.TZ0.2
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2𝑥 + 4
The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ 3.
3-𝑥
Write down the equation of
Find the coordinates where the graph of 𝑓 crosses
a.i. the vertical asymptote of the graph of 𝑓. [1]
a.ii. the horizontal asymptote of the graph of 𝑓. [1]
b.i. the 𝑥-axis. [1]
b.ii. the 𝑦-axis. [1]
c. Sketch the graph of 𝑓 on the axes below.
[1]
d.
𝑎𝑥 + 4
The function 𝑔 is defined by 𝑔𝑥 = , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ 3 and
3-𝑥
𝑎 ∈ ℝ.
Given that 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑔-1 𝑥, determine the value of 𝑎. [4]
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21N.1.AHL.TZ0.7
The equation 3𝑝𝑥2 + 2𝑝𝑥 + 1 = 𝑝 has two real, distinct roots.
a. Find the possible values for 𝑝. [5]
b.
Consider the case when 𝑝 = 4. The roots of the equation can be
𝑎 ± √13
expressed in the form 𝑥 = , where 𝑎 ∈ ℤ. Find the value of 𝑎.
6
[2]
21N.2.SL.TZ0.2
2
Consider the function 𝑓𝑥 = e-𝑥 - 0 . 5, for -2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2.
a. Find the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 0. [2]
b. Sketch the graph of 𝑓 on the following grid.
[3]
21N.2.SL.TZ0.7
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Points A and P lie on opposite banks of a river, such that AP is the
shortest distance across the river. Point B represents the centre of a
city which is located on the riverbank. PB = 215 km, AP = 65 km and
^
APB = 90°.
The following diagram shows this information.
A boat travels at an average speed of 42 km h-1 . A bus travels along
the straight road between P and B at an average speed of 84 km h-1 .
Find the travel time, in hours, from A to B given that
There is a point D, which lies on the road from P to B, such that
BD = 𝑥 km. The boat travels from A to D, and the bus travels from D to
B.
An excursion involves renting the boat and the bus. The cost to rent
the boat is $ 200 per hour, and the cost to rent the bus is $ 150 per
hour.
a.i. the boat is taken from A to P, and the bus from P to B. [2]
a.ii. the boat travels directly to B. [2]
b.i.
Find an expression, in terms of 𝑥 for the travel time 𝑇, from A to B
, passing through D.
[3]
b.ii. Find the value of 𝑥 so that 𝑇 is a minimum. [2]
b.iii. Write down the minimum value of 𝑇. [1]
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c.i.
Find the new value of 𝑥 so that the total cost 𝐶 to travel from A to
B via D is a minimum.
[3]
c.ii. Write down the minimum total cost for this journey. [1]
22M.1.AHL.TZ2.3
2𝑥 - 1
A function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ - 1.
𝑥+1
The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) has a vertical asymptote and a horizontal
asymptote.
a.i. Write down the equation of the vertical asymptote. [1]
a.ii. Write down the equation of the horizontal asymptote. [1]
b. On the set of axes below, sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) .
On your sketch, clearly indicate the asymptotes and the position
of any points of intersection with the axes.
[3]
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2𝑥 - 1
c. Hence, solve the inequality 0 < < 2. [1]
𝑥+1
2𝑥 - 1
d. Solve the inequality 0 < < 2. [2]
𝑥+1
21N.2.SL.TZ0.8
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The height of water, in metres, in Dungeness harbour is modelled by
the function 𝐻 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑎 sin ( 𝑏 ( 𝑡 - 𝑐 ) ) + 𝑑, where 𝑡 is the number of
hours after midnight, and 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑑 are constants, where
𝑎 > 0, 𝑏 > 0 and 𝑐 > 0.
The following graph shows the height of the water for 13 hours,
starting at midnight.
The first high tide occurs at 04: 30 and the next high tide occurs 12
hours later. Throughout the day, the height of the water fluctuates
between 2 . 2 m and 6 . 8 m.
All heights are given correct to one decimal place.
π
a. Show that 𝑏 = 6 . [1]
b. Find the value of 𝑎. [2]
c. Find the value of 𝑑. [2]
d. Find the smallest possible value of 𝑐. [3]
e. Find the height of the water at 12: 00. [2]
f.
Determine the number of hours, over a 24-hour period, for which
the tide is higher than 5 metres.
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[3]
22M.1.AHL.TZ2.6
A function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥√1 - 𝑥2 where -1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1.
The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) is shown below.
a. Show that 𝑓 is an odd function. [2]
b. The range of 𝑓 is 𝑎 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑏, where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℝ.
Find the value of 𝑎 and the value of 𝑏. [6]
22M.1.AHL.TZ2.11
1
A function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ - 1, 𝑥 ≠ 3.
𝑥2 - 2𝑥 - 3
1
A function 𝑔 is defined by 𝑔𝑥 = , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 3.
𝑥2 - 2𝑥 - 3
The inverse of 𝑔 is 𝑔-1 .
𝑥
A function ℎ is defined by ℎ𝑥 = arctan 2 , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
a.
Sketch the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) , clearly indicating any asymptotes with
their equations. State the coordinates of any local maximum or
minimum points and any points of intersection with the coordinate
axes.
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[6]
b.i. Show that 𝑔-1 𝑥 = 1 +
√4𝑥2 + 𝑥
. [6]
𝑥
b.ii. State the domain of 𝑔-1 . [1]
π
c. Given that ℎ ∘ 𝑔𝑎 = 4 , find the value of 𝑎.
𝑞
Give your answer in the form 𝑝 + 2 √𝑟 , where 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟 ∈ ℤ+ . [7]
22M.1.AHL.TZ2.8
A continuous random variable 𝑋 has the probability density function
2
𝑥 - 𝑎, 𝑎≤𝑥≤𝑐
𝑏 - 𝑎𝑐 - 𝑎
𝑓𝑥 = 𝑐<𝑥≤𝑏 .
2
𝑏 - 𝑥,
𝑏 - 𝑎𝑏 - 𝑐
0, otherwise
The following diagram shows the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 for 𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑏.
𝑎+𝑏
Given that 𝑐 ≥ 2
, find an expression for the median of 𝑋 in terms of
𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐.
22M.1.AHL.TZ2.12
In the following Argand diagram, the points Z1 , O and Z2 are the
vertices of triangle Z1 OZ2 described anticlockwise.
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The point Z1 represents the complex number 𝑧1 = 𝑟1 ei𝛼 , where 𝑟1 > 0.
The point Z2 represents the complex number 𝑧2 = 𝑟2 ei𝜃 , where 𝑟2 > 0.
Angles 𝛼, 𝜃 are measured anticlockwise from the positive direction of
the real axis such that 0 ≤ 𝛼, 𝜃 < 2𝜋 and 0 < 𝛼 - 𝜃 < 𝜋.
In parts (c), (d) and (e), consider the case where Z1 OZ2 is an equilateral
triangle.
Let 𝑧1 and 𝑧2 be the distinct roots of the equation 𝑧2 + 𝑎𝑧 + 𝑏 = 0
where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ and 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℝ.
a.
Show that 𝑧1 𝑧2 ∗ = 𝑟1 𝑟2 ei𝛼 - 𝜃 where 𝑧2 ∗ is the complex conjugate of
𝑧2 .
[2]
b.
Given that Re𝑧1 𝑧2 ∗ = 0, show that Z1 OZ2 is a right-angled triangle.
[2]
c.i. Express 𝑧1 in terms of 𝑧2 . [2]
c.ii. Hence show that 𝑧1 2 + 𝑧2 2 = 𝑧1 𝑧2 . [4]
d. Use the result from part (c)(ii) to show that 𝑎2 - 3𝑏 = 0. [5]
e. Consider the equation 𝑧2 + 𝑎𝑧 + 12 = 0, where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ and 𝑎 ∈ ℝ.
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Given that 0 < 𝛼 - 𝜃 < 𝜋, deduce that only one equilateral triangle
Z1 OZ2 can be formed from the point O and the roots of this
equation.
[3]
22M.2.SL.TZ1.4
A discrete random variable, 𝑋, has the following probability
distribution:
a. Show that 2𝑘2 - 𝑘 + 0 . 12 = 0. [1]
b. Find the value of 𝑘, giving a reason for your answer. [3]
c. Hence, find E ( 𝑋 ) . [2]
22M.3.AHL.TZ2.1
This question asks you to explore properties of a family of curves of
the type 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 for various values of 𝑎 and 𝑏, where
𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℕ.
On the same set of axes, sketch the following curves for -2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2
and -2 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 2, clearly indicating any points of intersection with the
coordinate axes.
Now, consider curves of the form 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 𝑏, for 𝑥 ≥ - √𝑏 , where
3
𝑏 ∈ ℤ+ .
Next, consider the curve 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 𝑥, 𝑥 ≥ 0.
The curve 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 𝑥 has two points of inflexion. Due to the symmetry
of the curve these points have the same 𝑥-coordinate.
P ( 𝑥, 𝑦 ) is defined to be a rational point on a curve if 𝑥 and 𝑦 are
rational numbers.
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The tangent to the curve 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 at a rational point P
intersects the curve at another rational point Q.
Let 𝐶 be the curve 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 2, for 𝑥 ≥ - 3√2 . The rational point
P ( - 1, - 1 ) lies on 𝐶.
a.i. 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 , 𝑥 ≥ 0 [2]
a.ii. 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 1, 𝑥 ≥ - 1 [2]
b.i.
Write down the coordinates of the two points of inflexion on the
curve 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 1.
[1]
b.ii.
By considering each curve from part (a), identify two key features
that would distinguish one curve from the other.
[1]
c.
By varying the value of 𝑏, suggest two key features common to
these curves.
[2]
d.i. d𝑦 3𝑥2 + 1 [3]
Show that = ± , for 𝑥 > 0.
d𝑥 2√𝑥3 +𝑥
d.ii.
Hence deduce that the curve 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 𝑥 has no local minimum or
maximum points.
[1]
e.
Find the value of this 𝑥-coordinate, giving your answer in the form
𝑝√3 + 𝑞
𝑥=√ , where 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟 ∈ ℤ.
𝑟
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[7]
f.i. Find the equation of the tangent to 𝐶 at P. [2]
f.ii.
Hence, find the coordinates of the rational point Q where this
tangent intersects 𝐶, expressing each coordinate as a fraction.
[2]
g.
The point S ( - 1 , 1 ) also lies on 𝐶. The line [QS] intersects 𝐶 at a
further point. Determine the coordinates of this point.
[5]
22M.3.AHL.TZ2.2
This question asks you to investigate conditions for the existence of
complex roots of polynomial equations of degree 3 and 4.
The cubic equation 𝑥3 + 𝑝𝑥2 + 𝑞𝑥 + 𝑟 = 0, where 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟 ∈ ℝ, has
roots 𝛼, 𝛽 and 𝛾.
Consider the equation 𝑥3 - 7𝑥2 + 𝑞𝑥 + 1 = 0, where 𝑞 ∈ ℝ.
Noah believes that if 𝑝2 ≥ 3𝑞 then 𝛼, 𝛽 and 𝛾 are all real.
Now consider polynomial equations of degree 4.
The equation 𝑥4 + 𝑝𝑥3 + 𝑞𝑥2 + 𝑟𝑥 + 𝑠 = 0, where 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟, 𝑠 ∈ ℝ, has
roots 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾 and 𝛿.
In a similar way to the cubic equation, it can be shown that:
𝑝 = - (𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾 + 𝛿)
𝑞 = 𝛼𝛽 + 𝛼𝛾 + 𝛼𝛿 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛽𝛿 + 𝛾𝛿
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𝑟 = - ( 𝛼𝛽𝛾 + 𝛼𝛽𝛿 + 𝛼𝛾𝛿 + 𝛽𝛾𝛿 )
𝑠 = 𝛼𝛽𝛾𝛿.
The equation 𝑥4 - 9𝑥3 + 24𝑥2 + 22𝑥 - 12 = 0, has one integer root.
a. By expanding 𝑥 - 𝛼𝑥 - 𝛽𝑥 - 𝛾 show that: 𝑝= -𝛼+𝛽+𝛾
𝑞 = 𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼 𝑟 = - 𝛼𝛽𝛾. [3]
b.i. Show that 𝑝2 - 2𝑞 = 𝛼2 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾2 . [3]
b.ii. Hence show that 𝛼 - 𝛽2 + 𝛽 - 𝛾2 + 𝛾 - 𝛼2 = 2𝑝2 - 6𝑞. [3]
c. Given that 𝑝2 < 3𝑞, deduce that 𝛼, 𝛽 and 𝛾 cannot all be real.
[2]
d.
Using the result from part (c), show that when 𝑞 = 17, this
equation has at least one complex root.
[2]
e.i.
By varying the value of 𝑞 in the equation 𝑥3 - 7𝑥2 + 𝑞𝑥 + 1 = 0,
determine the smallest positive integer value of 𝑞 required to
show that Noah is incorrect.
[2]
e.ii.
Explain why the equation will have at least one real root for all
values of 𝑞.
[1]
f.i. Find an expression for 𝛼2 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾2 + 𝛿2 in terms of 𝑝 and 𝑞.
[3]
f.ii.
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Hence state a condition in terms of 𝑝 and 𝑞 that would imply
𝑥4 + 𝑝𝑥3 + 𝑞𝑥2 + 𝑟𝑥 + 𝑠 = 0 has at least one complex root.
[1]
g.
Use your result from part (f)(ii) to show that the equation
𝑥4 - 2𝑥3 + 3𝑥2 - 4𝑥 + 5 = 0 has at least one complex root.
[1]
h.i.
State what the result in part (f)(ii) tells us when considering this
equation 𝑥4 - 9𝑥3 + 24𝑥2 + 22𝑥 - 12 = 0.
[1]
h.ii. Write down the integer root of this equation. [1]
h.iii.
By writing 𝑥4 - 9𝑥3 + 24𝑥2 + 22𝑥 - 12 as a product of one linear and
one cubic factor, prove that the equation has at least one complex
root.
[4]
22M.1.SL.TZ1.7
A function, 𝑓, has its derivative given by 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) = 3𝑥2 - 12𝑥 + 𝑝, where
𝑝 ∈ ℝ. The following diagram shows part of the graph of 𝑓′.
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The graph of 𝑓′ has an axis of symmetry 𝑥 = 𝑞.
The vertex of the graph of 𝑓′ lies on the 𝑥-axis.
The graph of 𝑓 has a point of inflexion at 𝑥 = 𝑎.
a. Find the value of 𝑞. [2]
b.i. Write down the value of the discriminant of 𝑓′. [1]
b.ii. Hence or otherwise, find the value of 𝑝. [3]
c. Find the value of the gradient of the graph of 𝑓′ at 𝑥 = 0. [3]
d.
Sketch the graph of 𝑓″, the second derivative of 𝑓. Indicate clearly
the 𝑥-intercept and the 𝑦-intercept.
[2]
e.i. Write down the value of 𝑎. [1]
e.ii.
Find the values of 𝑥 for which the graph of 𝑓 is concave-down.
Justify your answer.
[2]
22M.2.SL.TZ1.8
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4𝑥 + 1
The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ - 4.
𝑥+4
For the graph of 𝑓
The graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑓-1 intersect at 𝑥 = 𝑝 and 𝑥 = 𝑞, where 𝑝 < 𝑞.
a.i. write down the equation of the vertical asymptote. [1]
a.ii. find the equation of the horizontal asymptote. [2]
b.i. Find 𝑓-1 𝑥. [4]
b.ii.
Using an algebraic approach, show that the graph of 𝑓-1 is
obtained by a reflection of the graph of 𝑓 in the 𝑦-axis followed by
a reflection in the 𝑥-axis.
[4]
c.i. Find the value of 𝑝 and the value of 𝑞. [2]
c.ii.
Hence, find the area enclosed by the graph of 𝑓 and the graph of
𝑓-1 .
[3]
22M.1.SL.TZ1.8
1
Consider the series ln 𝑥 + 𝑝 ln 𝑥 + ln 𝑥 + … , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 1
3
and 𝑝 ∈ ℝ, 𝑝 ≠ 0.
Consider the case where the series is geometric.
Now consider the case where the series is arithmetic with common
difference 𝑑.
1
a.i. Show that 𝑝 = ± . [2]
√3
a.ii. Given that 𝑝 > 0 and 𝑆∞ = 3 + √3 , find the value of 𝑥. [3]
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2
b.i. Show that 𝑝 = . [3]
3
b.ii. Write down 𝑑 in the form 𝑘 ln 𝑥, where 𝑘 ∈ ℚ. [1]
b.iii. The sum of the first 𝑛 terms of the series is -3 ln 𝑥.
Find the value of 𝑛. [6]
22M.1.SL.TZ1.1
Consider the points A ( - 2, 20 ) , B ( 4, 6 ) and C ( - 14, 12 ) . The line
𝐿 passes through the point A and is perpendicular to [BC].
a. Find the equation of 𝐿. [3]
b. The line 𝐿 passes through the point ( 𝑘, 2 ) .
Find the value of 𝑘. [2]
22M.2.AHL.TZ1.8
Consider the equation 𝑘𝑥2 - 𝑘 + 3𝑥 + 2𝑘 + 9 = 0, where 𝑘 ∈ ℝ.
a.
Write down an expression for the product of the roots, in terms of
𝑘.
[1]
b.
Hence or otherwise, determine the values of 𝑘 such that the
equation has one positive and one negative real root.
[3]
22M.2.AHL.TZ1.6
1
Consider the function 𝑓𝑥 = 2𝑥 - 2𝑥 , 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
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𝑥-1
The function 𝑔 is given by 𝑔𝑥 = , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ - 1, 𝑥 ≠ 3.
𝑥2 - 2𝑥 - 3
a. Show that 𝑓 is an odd function. [2]
b. Solve the inequality 𝑓𝑥 ≥ 𝑔𝑥. [4]
22M.1.SL.TZ1.4
Consider the functions 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = √3 sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 where 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋 and
𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.
a. Find ( 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ) ( 𝑥 ) . [2]
b. Solve the equation ( 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ) ( 𝑥 ) = 2 cos 2𝑥 where 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋.
[5]
22M.2.SL.TZ2.3
Gemma and Kaia started working for different companies on January
1st 2011.
Gemma’s starting annual salary was $ 45 000, and her annual salary
increases 2% on January 1st each year after 2011.
Kaia’s annual salary is based on a yearly performance review. Her salary
for the years 2011, 2013, 2014, 2018, and 2022 is shown in the
following table.
a.
Find Gemma’s annual salary for the year 2021, to the nearest
dollar.
[3]
b.
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Assuming Kaia’s annual salary can be approximately modelled by
the equation 𝑆 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏, show that Kaia had a higher salary than
Gemma in the year 2021, according to the model.
[3]
22M.2.SL.TZ2.8
A scientist conducted a nine-week experiment on two plants, 𝐴 and 𝐵,
of the same species. He wanted to determine the effect of using a new
plant fertilizer. Plant 𝐴 was given fertilizer regularly, while Plant 𝐵 was
not.
The scientist found that the height of Plant 𝐴, ℎ𝐴 cm, at time 𝑡 weeks
can be modelled by the function ℎ𝐴 ( 𝑡 ) = sin ( 2𝑡 + 6 ) + 9𝑡 + 27,
where 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 9.
The scientist found that the height of Plant 𝐵, ℎ𝐵 cm, at time 𝑡 weeks
can be modelled by the function ℎ𝐵 ( 𝑡 ) = 8𝑡 + 32, where 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 9.
Use the scientist’s models to find the initial height of
a.i. Plant 𝐵. [1]
a.ii. Plant 𝐴 correct to three significant figures. [2]
b. Find the values of 𝑡 when ℎ𝐴 𝑡 = ℎ𝐵 𝑡. [3]
c.
For 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 9, find the total amount of time when the rate of
growth of Plant 𝐵 was greater than the rate of growth of Plant 𝐴.
[6]
22M.2.AHL.TZ2.10
A scientist conducted a nine-week experiment on two plants, 𝐴 and 𝐵,
of the same species. He wanted to determine the effect of using a new
plant fertilizer. Plant 𝐴 was given fertilizer regularly, while Plant 𝐵 was
not.
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The scientist found that the height of Plant 𝐴, ℎ𝐴 cm, at time 𝑡 weeks
can be modelled by the function ℎ𝐴 ( 𝑡 ) = sin ( 2𝑡 + 6 ) + 9𝑡 + 27,
where 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 9.
The scientist found that the height of Plant 𝐵, ℎ𝐵 cm, at time 𝑡 weeks
can be modelled by the function ℎ𝐵 ( 𝑡 ) = 8𝑡 + 32, where 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 9.
Use the scientist’s models to find the initial height of
a.i. Plant 𝐵. [1]
a.ii. Plant 𝐴 correct to three significant figures. [2]
b. Find the values of 𝑡 when ℎ𝐴 𝑡 = ℎ𝐵 𝑡. [3]
c. For 𝑡 > 6, prove that Plant 𝐴 was always taller than Plant 𝐵.
[3]
d.
For 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 9, find the total amount of time when the rate of
growth of Plant 𝐵 was greater than the rate of growth of Plant 𝐴.
[6]
22M.1.SL.TZ2.1
The following table shows values of 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) and 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) for different
values of 𝑥.
Both 𝑓 and 𝑔 are one-to-one functions.
a. Find 𝑔 ( 0 ) . [1]
b. Find ( 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ) ( 0 ) . [2]
c. Find the value of 𝑥 such that 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 0. [2]
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22M.2.AHL.TZ2.11
Two airplanes, 𝐴 and 𝐵, have position vectors with respect to an origin
O given respectively by
19 -6
𝑟A = -1 + 𝑡 2
1 4
1 4
𝑟𝐵 = 0 + 𝑡 2
12 -2
where 𝑡 represents the time in minutes and 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 2 . 5.
Entries in each column vector give the displacement east of O, the
displacement north of O and the distance above sea level, all
measured in kilometres.
The two airplanes’ lines of flight cross at point P.
a. Find the three-figure bearing on which airplane 𝐵 is travelling.
[2]
b.
Show that airplane 𝐴 travels at a greater speed than airplane 𝐵.
[2]
c.
Find the acute angle between the two airplanes’ lines of flight.
Give your answer in degrees.
[4]
d.i. Find the coordinates of P. [5]
d.ii.
Determine the length of time between the first airplane arriving at
P and the second airplane arriving at P.
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[2]
e.
Let 𝐷 ( 𝑡 ) represent the distance between airplane 𝐴 and airplane
𝐵 for 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 2 . 5.
Find the minimum value of 𝐷 ( 𝑡 ) . [5]
22M.2.AHL.TZ2.12
The population, 𝑃, of a particular species of marsupial on a small
remote island can be modelled by the logistic differential equation
d𝑃 𝑃
= 𝑘𝑃1 - 𝑁
d𝑡
where 𝑡 is the time measured in years and 𝑘, 𝑁 are positive constants.
The constant 𝑁 represents the maximum population of this species of
marsupial that the island can sustain indefinitely.
Let 𝑃0 be the initial population of marsupials.
a.
In the context of the population model, interpret the meaning of
d𝑃
.
d𝑡
[1]
b. d2 𝑃 𝑃 2𝑃 [4]
Show that d 𝑡2
= 𝑘2 𝑃1 - 𝑁 1 -
𝑁
.
c.
Hence show that the population of marsupials will increase at its
𝑁
maximum rate when 𝑃 = . Justify your answer.
2
[5]
d.
d𝑃
Hence determine the maximum value of in terms of 𝑘 and 𝑁.
d𝑡
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[2]
e.
By solving the logistic differential equation, show that its solution
can be expressed in the form
𝑃 𝑁 - 𝑃0
𝑘𝑡 = ln 𝑃 . [7]
0 𝑁-𝑃
f.
After 10 years, the population of marsupials is 3𝑃0 . It is known that
𝑁 = 4𝑃0 .
Find the value of 𝑘 for this population model. [2]
17M.1.SL.TZ1.S_9
A quadratic function 𝑓 can be written in the form 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑝)(𝑥 − 3)
. The graph of 𝑓 has axis of symmetry 𝑥 = 2.5 and 𝑦-intercept at
(0, − 6)
a. Find the value of 𝑝. [3]
b. Find the value of 𝑎. [3]
c.
The line 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥 − 5 is a tangent to the curve of 𝑓. Find the values
of 𝑘.
[8]
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Markschemes
SPM.1.AHL.TZ0.4
no 𝑦 values below 1 A1
horizontal asymptote at 𝑦 = 2 with curve approaching from below as
𝑥→ ±∞ A1
(±1,1) local minima A1
(0,5) local maximum A1
smooth curve and smooth stationary points A1
[5 marks]
SPM.1.AHL.TZ0.9
a.
attempt to differentiate and set equal to zero M1
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𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) = 2e2𝑥 − 6e𝑥 = 2e𝑥 ( e𝑥 − 3 ) = 0 A1
minimum at 𝑥 = ln3
𝑎 = ln3 A1
[3 marks]
b. Note: Interchanging 𝑥 and 𝑦 can be done at any stage.
𝑦 = ( e𝑥 − 3 ) 2 − 4 (M1) e𝑥 − 3 = ± √𝑦 + 4 A1
as 𝑥 ⩽ ln3, 𝑥 = ln ( 3 − √𝑦 + 4 ) R1
so 𝑓−1 ( 𝑥 ) = ln ( 3 − √𝑥 + 4 ) A1
domain of 𝑓−1 is 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, −4 ⩽ 𝑥 < 5 A1 [5 marks]
SPM.1.AHL.TZ0.11
a.
attempt to find modulus (M1)
𝑟 = 2√3 ( = √12 ) A1
attempt to find argument in the correct quadrant (M1)
𝜃 = 𝜋 + arctan ( − √3 )
3
A1
=
5𝜋
6
A1
5𝜋i 5𝜋i
−3 + √3 i = √12 e 6 ( = 2√3 e 6 )
[5 marks]
b. attempt to find a root using de Moivre’s theorem M1
A1
1 5𝜋i
12 6 e 18
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2𝜋
attempt to find further two roots by adding and subtracting
3
to the argument M1
A1 A1
1 7𝜋i 1 17𝜋i
12 6 e− 18 12 6 e 18
Note: Ignore labels for 𝑢, 𝑣 and 𝑤 at this stage. [5 marks]
c.
METHOD 1
attempting to find the total area of (congruent) triangles UOV,
VOW and UOW M1
A1A1
1 1 1 2𝜋
Area = 3 ( 2 ) (12 6 ) (12 6 )sin 3
Note: Award A1 for (12 6 ) (12 6 ) and A1 for sin 2𝜋3
1 1
=
3√3 1
(12 ) (or equivalent)
3 A1 METHOD 2
4
2 2
1 1 1 1
UV2 = (12 ) + (12 ) − 2(12 6 ) (12 6 )cos (or equivalent)
6
3
6
2𝜋
A1
1
UV = √3 (12 6 ) (or equivalent) A1
1
attempting to find the area of UVW using Area = × UV × VW × sin
2
𝛼 for example M1
1 1
1 𝜋
Area = ( √3 × 12 6 ) ( √3 × 12 6 )sin
2 3
=
3√3 1
(12 3 ) (or equivalent) A1 [4 marks]
4
d. 𝑢+𝑣+𝑤=0 R1
1
7𝜋 7𝜋 5𝜋 5𝜋 17𝜋 17𝜋
12 6 ( cos ( − ) + isin ( − ) + cos + isin + cos + isin ) =0
18 18 18 18 18 18
A1
consideration of real parts M1
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1
7𝜋 5𝜋 17𝜋
12 6 ( cos ( − ) + cos + cos ) =0
18 18 18
7𝜋 17𝜋
cos ( − 18 ) = cos 18 explicitly stated A1
5𝜋 7𝜋 17𝜋
cos 18 + cos 18 + cos 18 = 0 AG [4 marks]
SPM.2.AHL.TZ0.9
METHOD 1
sketching the graph of 𝑦 =
𝑥2
𝑥−3
(𝑦 = 𝑥 + 3 + 𝑥 − 3 )
9
M1
the (oblique) asymptote has a gradient equal to 1
and so the maximum value of 𝑚 is 1 R1
consideration of a straight line steeper than the horizontal line
joining (−3, 0) and (0, 0) M1
so 𝑚 > 0 R1
hence 0 < 𝑚 ≤ 1 A1
METHOD 2
attempting to eliminate 𝑦 to form a quadratic equation in 𝑥 M1
𝑥2 = 𝑚 ( 𝑥2 − 9 )
⇒ ( 𝑚 − 1 ) 𝑥2 − 9𝑚 = 0 A1
EITHER
attempting to solve −4 ( 𝑚 − 1 ) ( −9𝑚 ) < 0 for 𝑚 M1
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OR
attempting to solve 𝑥2 < 0 ie
𝑚−1
9𝑚
< 0 ( 𝑚 ≠ 1 ) for 𝑚 M1
THEN
⇒0<𝑚<1 A1
a valid reason to explain why 𝑚 = 1 gives no solutions eg if 𝑚 = 1,
( 𝑚 − 1 ) 𝑥2 − 9𝑚 = 0 ⇒ − 9 = 0 and so 0 < 𝑚 ≤ 1 R1
[5 marks]
SPM.2.AHL.TZ0.12
a.
stating the relationship between cot and tan and stating the
identity for tan2𝜃 M1
1 2tan𝜃
cot2𝜃 = and tan2𝜃 =
tan2𝜃 1 − tan2 𝜃
⇒ cot2𝜃 =
1 − tan2 𝜃
2tan𝜃
AG
[1 mark]
b. METHOD 1
attempting to substitute tan𝜃 for 𝑥 and using the result from (a)
M1
LHS = tan2 𝜃 + 2tan𝜃 (
1 − tan2 𝜃
2tan𝜃
) −1 A1
tan2 𝜃 + 1 − tan2 𝜃 − 1 = 0(= RHS) A1
so 𝑥 = tan𝜃 satisfies the equation AG
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attempting to substitute −cot𝜃 for 𝑥 and using the result from (a)
M1
LHS = cot2 𝜃 − 2cot𝜃 (
1 − tan2 𝜃
2tan𝜃
) −1 A1
=
1
tan2 𝜃
−(
1 − tan2 𝜃
tan2 𝜃
) −1 A1
1
tan2 𝜃
1
− tan2 𝜃 + 1 − 1 = 0(= RHS) A1
so 𝑥 = − cot𝜃 satisfies the equation AG METHOD 2
let 𝛼 = tan𝜃 and 𝛽 = − cot𝜃
attempting to find the sum of roots M1 𝛼 + 𝛽 = tan𝜃 − tan𝜃
1
=
tan2 𝜃 − 1
A1 = − 2cot2𝜃 (from part (a)) A1
tan𝜃
attempting to find the product of roots M1
𝛼𝛽 = tan𝜃 × ( −cot𝜃 ) A1 = −1 A1
the coefficient of 𝑥 and the constant term in the quadratic are 2cot2𝜃
and −1 respectively R1
hence the two roots are 𝛼 = tan𝜃 and 𝛽 = − cot𝜃 AG [7 marks]
c. METHOD 1
𝜋 𝜋
𝑥 = tan 12 and 𝑥 = − cot 12 are roots of 𝑥2 + ( 2cot 6 ) 𝑥 − 1 = 0
𝜋
R1
Note: Award R1 if only 𝑥 = tan 12𝜋 is stated as a root of
𝜋
𝑥2 + ( 2cot 6 ) 𝑥 − 1 = 0.
𝑥2 + 2√3 𝑥 − 1 = 0 A1
attempting to solve their quadratic equation M1
𝑥 = − √3 ± 2 A1 𝜋
tan 12 > 0 (−cot 12 < 0)
𝜋
R1
𝜋
so tan 12 = 2 − √3 AG METHOD 2
attempting to substitute 𝜃 =
12
𝜋
into the identity for tan2𝜃 M1
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tan 6 =
𝜋
𝜋
2tan 12
𝜋
𝜋
tan2 12
𝜋
+ 2√3 tan 12 − 1 = 0 A1
1 − tan2
12
attempting to solve their quadratic equation M1
𝜋
tan 12 = − √3 ± 2 A1 𝜋
tan 12 > 0 R1 𝜋
so tan 12 = 2 − √3 AG
[5 marks]
d.
𝜋 𝜋
tan 24 − cot 24 is the sum of the roots of 𝑥2 + ( 2cot 12 ) 𝑥 − 1 = 0
𝜋
R1
𝜋 𝜋
tan 24 − cot 24 = − 2cot 12
𝜋
A1 =
−2
2 − √3
A1
attempting to rationalise their denominator (M1)
= − 4 − 2√3 A1A1 [6 marks]
18M.2.AHL.TZ2.H_10
a.i.
A1A1
A1 for correct concavity, many to one graph, symmetrical about the
midpoint of the domain and with two axes intercepts.
Note: Axes intercepts and scales not required.
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A1 for correct domain
[2 marks]
a.ii. for each value of 𝑥 there is a unique value of 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) A1
Note: Accept “passes the vertical line test” or equivalent. [1 mark]
a.iii.
no inverse because the function fails the horizontal line test or
equivalent R1
Note: No FT if the graph is in degrees (one-to-one). [1 mark]
a.iv. the expression is not valid at either of 𝑥 = ( or −
4
𝜋 3𝜋
4
) R1
[1 mark]
METHOD 1 𝜋 𝜋
b. tan𝑥 + tan
M1
tan ( 𝑥 + 4 ) 4
𝑓(𝑥) =
M1A1
𝜋
𝜋 1 − tan𝑥tan
tan ( 4 − 𝑥 ) = 𝜋
tan 4 − tan𝑥
4
𝜋
1 + tan 4 tan𝑥
= (1−𝑡)
1+𝑡 2
AG METHOD 2
𝜋 𝜋
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = tan ( 𝑥 + 4 ) tan ( 2 − 4 + 𝑥 )
𝜋
(M1) = tan2 ( 𝑥 + 4 )
𝜋
A1
AG [3 marks]
𝜋 2 1+𝑡 2
A1
tan𝑥 + tan 4 = ( )
𝑔(𝑡) = ( 𝜋) 1−𝑡
1 − tan𝑥tan 4
c.
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for t ≤ 0, correct concavity with two axes intercepts and with
asymptote 𝑦 = 1 A1
t intercept at (−1, 0) A1 𝑦 intercept at (0, 1) A1 [3 marks]
d.i. METHOD 1 𝛼, β satisfy
(1 + 𝑡)
2
2 =𝑘 M1
(1 − 𝑡)
1 + 𝑡2 + 2𝑡 = 𝑘 ( 1 + 𝑡2 − 2𝑡 ) A1
( 𝑘 − 1 ) 𝑡2 − 2 ( 𝑘 + 1 ) 𝑡 + ( 𝑘 − 1 ) = 0 A1
attempt at using quadratic formula M1
𝛼, β =
𝑘 + 1 ± 2√𝑘
or equivalent A1 METHOD 2
𝑘−1
𝛼, β satisfy
1+𝑡
1−𝑡
= ( ± ) √𝑘 M1 𝑡 + √𝑘 𝑡 = √𝑘 − 1 M1
𝑡= √𝑘 − 1
(or equivalent) A1 𝑡 − √𝑘 𝑡 = − ( √𝑘 + 1 ) M1
√𝑘 + 1
𝑡= √𝑘 + 1
√𝑘 − 1
(or equivalent) A1 so for eg, 𝛼 = √𝑘 − 1
√𝑘 + 1
, β = √𝑘 + 1
√𝑘 − 1
[5 marks]
d.ii. (𝑘 + 1)
𝛼 + β = 2 (𝑘 − 1) ( = − 2 (1 − 𝑘) )
(1 + 𝑘)
A1
since 1 + 𝑘 > 1 − 𝑘 R1 𝛼 + β < −2 AG
Note: Accept a valid graphical reasoning. [2 marks]
18N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_9
b.
finding turning point of 𝑦 = 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) or finding root of 𝑦 = 𝑓″ ( 𝑥 )
(M1)
𝑥 = 0.899 A1
𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 0.899048 … ) = − 0.375 (M1)A1
(0.899, −0.375)
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Note: Do not accept 𝑥 = 0.9. Accept y-coordinates rounding to
−0.37 or −0.375 but not −0.38.
[4 marks]
c.i.
smooth curve over the correct domain which does not cross the y-
axis
and is concave down for 𝑥 > 1 A1 𝑥-intercept at 0.607 A1
equations of asymptotes given as 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 = 3 (the latter must be
drawn) A1A1
[4 marks]
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c.ii.
attempt to reflect graph of 𝑓 in 𝑦 = 𝑥 (M1)
smooth curve over the correct domain which does not cross the 𝑥-
axis and is concave down for 𝑦 > 1 A1
𝑦-intercept at 0.607 A1
equations of asymptotes given as 𝑦 = 0 and 𝑦 = 3 (the latter must be
drawn) A1
Note: For FT from (i) to (ii) award max M1A0A1A0.
[4 marks]
d. solve 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑓−1 ( 𝑥 ) or 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥 to get 𝑥 = 0.372 (M1)A1
0 < 𝑥 < 0.372 A1 Note: Do not award FT marks.
[3 marks]
19M.2.AHL.TZ1.H_4
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
𝑓(𝑥) ≥ 3 A1
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[1 mark]
b. 𝑥 = sec𝑦 + 2 (M1)
Note: Exchange of variables can take place at any point.
cos𝑦 =
1
𝑥−2
(A1) 1
𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) = arccos ( 𝑥 − 2 ) , 𝑥 ≥ 3 A1A1
Note: Allow follow through from (a) for last A1 mark which is
independent of earlier marks in (b).
[4 marks]
19M.1.AHL.TZ2.H_5
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
correct shape: two branches in correct quadrants with asymptotic
behaviour A1
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crosses at (4, 0) and ( 0, 5 )
4
A1A1
asymptotes at 𝑥 =
5
2
and 𝑦 =
1
2
A1A1
[5 marks]
17M.1.AHL.TZ2.H_2
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
−11 ⩽ 𝑓(𝑥) ⩽ 21 A1A1
Note: A1 for correct end points, A1 for correct inequalities.
[2 marks]
b. 𝑓−1 (𝑥) = 3√
𝑥−5
2
(M1)A1 [2 marks]
c. −11 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 21, − 2 ⩽ 𝑓−1 (𝑥) ⩽ 2 A1A1 [2 marks]
17N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_6
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
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correct vertical asymptote A1
shape including correct horizontal asymptote A1
1
( 3, 0 ) A1
( 0, − 2 )
1
A1
Note: Accept 𝑥 =
1
3
1
and 𝑦 = − marked on the axes.
2
[4 marks]
17N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_10
a.i.
attempt to use quotient rule or product rule M1
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1
1 −2
sin𝑥 ( 2 𝑥 ) − √𝑥 cos𝑥
′
𝑓 (𝑥) =
sin 𝑥2 (=
2√
1
𝑥 sin𝑥
−√
𝑥 cos𝑥
sin2 𝑥
) A1A1
Note: Award A1 for or equivalent and A1 for − √
1 𝑥 cos𝑥
or
2√𝑥 sin𝑥 sin2 𝑥
equivalent.
setting 𝑓′ (𝑥) = 0 M1
sin𝑥
− √𝑥 cos𝑥 = 0
2√𝑥
sin𝑥
2√𝑥
= √𝑥 cos𝑥 or equivalent A1
tan𝑥 = 2𝑥 AG
[5 marks]
a.ii. 𝑥 = 1.17 0 < 𝑥 ⩽ 1.17 A1A1
Note: Award A1 for 0 < 𝑥 and A1 for 𝑥 ⩽ 1.17. Accept 𝑥 < 1.17.
[2 marks]
b.
concave up curve over correct domain with one minimum point
above the 𝑥-axis. A1
approaches 𝑥 = 0 asymptotically A1
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approaches 𝑥 = 𝜋 asymptotically A1
Note: For the final A1 an asymptote must be seen, and 𝜋 must be
seen on the 𝑥-axis or in an equation.
[3 marks]
c. 1 1
sin𝑥 ( 𝑥− 2 ) − √𝑥 cos𝑥
(A1)
2
𝑓′ (𝑥) ( = )=1
sin2 𝑥
attempt to solve for 𝑥 (M1) 𝑥 = 1.96 A1 𝑦 = 𝑓(1.96 … )
= 1.51 A1 [4 marks]
𝜋
d. 𝑉 = 𝜋∫ 3 𝑥d𝑥
(M1)(A1)
𝜋
6 sin2 𝑥
Note: M1 is for an integral of the correct squared function (with or
without limits and/or 𝜋).
= 2.68 ( = 0.852𝜋) A1 [3 marks]
17M.1.AHL.TZ1.H_11
a.i.
2
2
𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 2 = ( 𝑥 + 2 ) − 4
3 1
A1
[1 mark]
a.ii. 𝑥2 + 3𝑥 + 2 = (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 + 1) A1 [1 mark]
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b.
A1 for the shape A1 for the equation 𝑦 = 0
A1 for asymptotes 𝑥 = − 2 and 𝑥 = − 1
A1 for coordinates ( − 32 , − 4) A1 𝑦-intercept ( 0, 12 ) [5 marks]
d.
1
1 1
∫ 𝑥 + 1 − 𝑥 + 2 d𝑥
= [ln(𝑥 + 1) − ln(𝑥 + 2)] 0
1
A1
0
= ln2 − ln3 − ln1 + ln2 M1 4
= ln( 3 ) M1A1 ∴𝑝 =
4
3
[4 marks]
e.
symmetry about the 𝑦-axis M1 correct shape A1
Note: Allow FT from part (b). [2 marks]
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f. 1
2 ∫0 𝑓(𝑥)d𝑥 (M1)(A1) 4
= 2ln( 3 ) A1
Note: Do not award FT from part (e). [3 marks]
18M.1.SL.TZ1.T_15
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
[−2, ∞[ or [−2, ∞ ) OR 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) ⩾ − 2 or 𝑦 ⩾ − 2 OR −2 ⩽ 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) < ∞
(A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: Award (A1) for −2 and (A1) for completely correct
mathematical notation, including weak inequalities. Accept 𝑓 ⩾ − 2.
[2 marks]
b. –1 and 1.52 (1.51839…) (A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: Award (A1) for −1 and (A1) for 1.52 (1.51839). [2 marks]
c.
𝑥 < − 1, 𝑥 > 1.52 OR ( −∞, − 1 ) ∪ ( 1.52, ∞ ) . (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Award (A1)(ft) for both critical values in inequality or range
statements such as 𝑥 < − 1, ( −∞, − 1 ) , 𝑥 > 1.52 or ( 1.52, ∞ ) .
Award the second (A1)(ft) for correct strict inequality statements
used with their critical values. If an incorrect use of strict and weak
inequalities has already been penalized in (a), condone weak
inequalities for this second mark and award (A1)(ft).
[2 marks]
17M.1.SL.TZ2.T_4
b.
6 = − 3(2) + 𝑐OR(𝑦 − 6) = − 3(𝑥 − 2) (M1)
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Note: Award (M1) for substitution of their gradient from part (a)
into a correct equation with the coordinates (2, 6) correctly
substituted.
𝑦 = − 3𝑥 + 12 (A1)(ft) (C2)
Notes: Award (A1)(ft) for their correct equation. Follow through
from part (a).
If no method seen, award (A1)(A0) for 𝑦 = − 3𝑥.
Award (A1)(A0) for −3𝑥 + 12.
[2 marks]
c. 0 = − 3𝑥 + 12 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution of 𝑦 = 0 in their equation from
part (b).
(𝑥 = ) 4 (A1)(ft) (C2)
Notes: Follow through from their equation from part (b). Do not
follow through if no method seen. Do not award the final (A1) if the
value of 𝑥 is negative or zero.
[2 marks]
19M.2.AHL.TZ2.H_4
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
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A1A1
Note: Award A1 for each correct curve, showing all local max & mins.
Note: Award A0A0 for the curves drawn in degrees.
[2 marks]
b. 𝑥 = 1.35, 4.35, 6.64 (M1)
Note: Award M1 for attempt to find points of intersections between
two curves.
0 < 𝑥 < 1.35 A1 Note: Accept 𝑥 < 1.35. 4.35 < 𝑥 < 6.64 A1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct endpoints, A1 for correct inequalities.
Note: Award M1FTA1FTA0FTA0FT for 0 < 𝑥 < 7.31.
Note: Accept 𝑥 < 7.31. [4 marks]
18M.1.AHL.TZ1.H_9
a.
attempt to differentiate (M1)
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𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) = − 3𝑥−4 − 3𝑥 A1
Note: Award M1 for using quotient or product rule award A1 if
correct derivative seen even in unsimplified form, for example
′ −15𝑥4 × 2𝑥3 − 6𝑥2 ( 2 − 3𝑥5 )
𝑓 (𝑥) = 2 .
( 2𝑥3 )
3
− 𝑥4 − 3𝑥 = 0 M1
⇒ 𝑥5 = − 1 ⇒ 𝑥 = − 1 A1
A ( −1, − 2 )
5
A1
[5 marks]
b.i. 𝑓″ ( 𝑥 ) = 0 M1 𝑓″ ( 𝑥 ) = 12𝑥−5 − 3 ( = 0 ) A1
Note: Award A1 for correct derivative seen even if not simplified.
2
⇒ 𝑥 = 5√4 ( = 2 5 ) A1
hence (at most) one point of inflexion R1
Note: This mark is independent of the two A1 marks above. If they
have shown or stated their equation has only one solution this mark
can be awarded.
2
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) changes sign at 𝑥 = √4 ( = 2 )
″ 5 5 R1
so exactly one point of inflexion [5 marks]
2
b.ii. 5
𝑥 = √4 = 2 ( ⇒ 𝑎 = 5 ) 5
2
A1
(M1)A1
2
2 − 3 × 22 6
𝑓(2 5 ) = 6 = − 5 × 2− 5 ( ⇒ 𝑏 = − 5 )
2×2 5
Note: Award M1 for the substitution of their value for 𝑥 into 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) .
[3 marks]
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c. A1 for shape for x < 0
A1 for shape for x > 0
A1 for maximum at A
A1 for POI at B.
A1A1A1A1
Note: Only award last two A1s if A and B are placed in the
correct quadrants, allowing for follow through.
[4 marks]
18M.1.AHL.TZ2.H_2
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
straight line graph with correct axis intercepts A1
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modulus graph: V shape in upper half plane A1
modulus graph having correct vertex and y-intercept A1
[3 marks]
16N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_5
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
correct shape passing through the origin and correct domain A1
Note: Endpoint coordinates are not required. The domain can be
indicated by −1 and 1 marked on the axis.
(0.652, 1.68) A1
two correct intercepts (coordinates not required) A1
Note: A graph passing through the origin is sufficient for (0, 0).
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[3 marks]
b. [ − 9.42, 1.68] (or − 3𝜋, 1.68]) A1A1
Note: Award A1A0 for open or semi-open intervals with correct
endpoints. Award A1A0 for closed intervals with one correct
endpoint.
[2 marks]
c.
attempting to solve either |3𝑥arccos(𝑥)| > 1 (or equivalent) or
|3𝑥arccos(𝑥)| = 1 (or equivalent) (eg. graphically) (M1)
𝑥 = − 0.189, 0.254, 0.937 (A1)
−1 ⩽ 𝑥 < − 0.189 or 0.254 < 𝑥 < 0.937 A1A1
Note: Award A0 for 𝑥 < − 0.189. [4 marks]
19M.1.AHL.TZ2.H_3
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥 + 2) ( = (𝑥 + 2)4 − 6(𝑥 + 2)2 − 2(𝑥 + 2) + 4) M1
attempt to expand ( 𝑥 + 2 )
4
M1
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( 𝑥 + 2 ) 4 = 𝑥4 + 4 ( 2𝑥3 ) + 6 ( 22 𝑥2 ) + 4 ( 23 𝑥 ) + 24 (A1)
= 𝑥4 + 8𝑥3 + 24𝑥2 + 32𝑥 + 16 A1
𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥4 + 8𝑥3 + 24𝑥2 + 32𝑥 + 16 − 6 ( 𝑥2 + 4𝑥 + 4 ) − 2𝑥 − 4 + 4
= 𝑥4 + 8𝑥3 + 18𝑥2 + 6𝑥 − 8 A1
Note: For correct expansion of 𝑓 ( 𝑥 − 2 ) = 𝑥4 − 8𝑥3 + 18𝑥2 − 10𝑥
award max M0M1(A1)A0A1.
[5 marks]
EXN.1.SL.TZ0.3
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior
examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA
course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal
exam papers.
uses ∑ P𝑋 = 𝑥 = 1 (M1)
𝑘2 + 7𝑘 + 2 + -2𝑘 + 3𝑘2 = 1
4𝑘2 + 5𝑘 + 1 = 0 A1
EITHER
attempts to factorize their quadratic M1
𝑘 + 14𝑘 + 1 = 0
OR
attempts use of the quadratic formula on their equation M1
2
-5 ± √5 - 441 -5 ± 3
𝑘= =
8 8
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THEN
𝑘 = - 1, - 4
1
A1
rejects 𝑘 = - 1 as this value leads to invalid probabilities, for example,
P𝑋 = 2 = - 5 < 0 R1
so 𝑘 = -
1
4
A1
Note: Award R0A1 if 𝑘 = 1
- 4 is stated without a valid reason given for
rejecting 𝑘 = - 1.
[6 marks]
EXN.1.SL.TZ0.5
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior
examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA
course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal
exam papers.
𝑓 ∘ 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 - 2 (M1)
𝑓 ∘ 𝑔2 = - 3 ⇒ 2𝑎 + 𝑏 - 2 = - 3 2𝑎 + 𝑏 = - 1 A1
𝑔 ∘ 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 - 2 + 𝑏 (M1)
𝑔 ∘ 𝑓1 = 5 ⇒ - 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 5 A1
a valid attempt to solve their two linear equations for 𝑎 and 𝑏 M1
so 𝑎 = - 2 and 𝑏 = 3 A1
[6 marks]
18N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_8
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a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
either graph passing through (or touching) A A1
correct shape and vertical asymptote with correct equation for
either graph A1
correct horizontal asymptote with correct equation for either graph
A1
two completely correct sketches A1
[4 marks]
b. 1
𝑎 ( −2 ) + 1 = 0 ⇒ 𝑎 = 2 A1
𝑎 2
from horizontal asymptote, (𝑏) =
4
9
(M1)
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𝑎
𝑏
2
= ±3 ⇒𝑏= ±3 A1 from vertical asymptote, 𝑏 ( ) + 𝑐 = 0
4
3
𝑏 = 3, 𝑐 = −4 or 𝑏 = −3, 𝑐 = 4 A1 [4 marks]
17N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_3
a.
𝑞(4) = 0 (M1)
192 − 176 + 4𝑘 + 8 = 0 (24 + 4𝑘 = 0) A1
𝑘= −6 A1
[3 marks]
b. 3𝑥3 − 11𝑥2 − 6𝑥 + 8 = (𝑥 − 4)(3𝑥2 + 𝑝𝑥 − 2)
equate coefficients of 𝑥2 : (M1) −12 + 𝑝 = − 11 𝑝=1
(𝑥 − 4)(3𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 2) (A1) (𝑥 − 4)(3𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 1) A1
Note: Allow part (b) marks if any of this work is seen in part (a).
Note: Allow equivalent methods (eg, synthetic division) for the M
marks in each part.
[3 marks]
EXN.1.SL.TZ0.8
a.
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics
senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the
new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to
formal exam papers.
for example,
a reflection in the 𝑥-axis (in the line 𝑦 = 0) A1
a horizontal translation (shift) 3 units to the left A1
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a vertical translation (shift) down by 1 unit A1
Note: Award A1 for each correct transformation applied in a correct
position in the sequence. Do not accept use of the “move” for a
translation.
Note: Award A1A1A1 for a correct alternative sequence of
transformations. For example,
a vertical translation (shift) down by 1 unit, followed by a horizontal
translation (shift) 3 units to the left and then a reflection in the line
𝑦 = - 1.
[3 marks]
b. range is 𝑓𝑥 ≤ - 1 A1
Note: Correct alternative notations include ] - ∞ , - 1], ( - ∞ , - 1]
or 𝑦 ≤ - 1.
[1 mark]
c. -1 - √𝑦 + 3 = 𝑥 M1
Note: Award M1 for interchanging 𝑥 and 𝑦 (can be done at a later
stage).
√𝑦 + 3 = - 𝑥 - 1 = - 𝑥 + 1 A1 𝑦 + 3 = 𝑥 + 12 A1
so 𝑓-1 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 12 - 3 𝑓-1 𝑥 = 𝑥2 + 2𝑥 - 2 A1
domain is 𝑥 ≤ - 1 A1
Note: Correct alternative notations include ] - ∞ , - 1 ] or ( - ∞ , - 1 ] .
[5 marks]
d. the point of intersection lies on the line 𝑦 = 𝑥 EITHER
𝑥 + 12 - 3 = 𝑥 M1
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attempts to solve their quadratic equation M1
for example, 𝑥 + 2𝑥 - 1 = 0 or 𝑥 =
-1 ± √12 - 41-2
𝑥=
-1 ± 3 OR
2 2
-1 - √𝑥 + 3 = 𝑥 M1 2
-1 - √𝑥 + 3 = 𝑥2 ⇒ 2√𝑥 + 3 + 𝑥 + 4 = 𝑥2
substitutes 2√𝑥 + 3 = - 2𝑥 + 1 to obtain -2𝑥 + 1 + 𝑥 + 4 = 𝑥2
attempts to solve their quadratic equation M1
for example, 𝑥 + 2𝑥 - 1 = 0 or 𝑥 =
-1 ± √12 - 41-2
𝑥=
-1 ± 3 THEN
2 2
𝑥 = - 2, 1 A1 as 𝑥 ≤ - 1, the only solution is 𝑥 = - 2 R1
so the coordinates of the point of intersection are -2, - 2 A1
Note: Award R0A1 if -2, - 2 is stated without a valid reason given for
rejecting 1, 1.
[5 marks]
21M.2.AHL.TZ1.11
a.
attempt to solve 4𝑥2 - 1 = 0 e.g. by factorising 4𝑥2 - 1 (M1)
1 1
𝑝 = 2 , 𝑞 = - 2 or vice versa A1
[2 marks]
b. attempt to use quotient rule or product rule (M1)
EITHER 𝑓'𝑥 =
34𝑥2 - 1 - 8𝑥3𝑥 + 2
2 =
-12𝑥2 - 16𝑥 - 3
2 A1A1
4𝑥2 - 1 4𝑥2 - 1
Note: Award A1 for each term in the numerator with correct signs,
provided correct denominator is seen.
OR 𝑓'𝑥 = - 8𝑥3𝑥 + 24𝑥2 - 1 + 34𝑥2 - 1
-2 -1
A1A1
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Note: Award A1 for each term. [3 marks]
c.
attempt to find the local min point on 𝑦 = 𝑓'𝑥 OR solve 𝑓 '' 𝑥 = 0
(M1)
𝑥 = - 1 . 60 A1 [2 marks]
d.
A1A1A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for both vertical asymptotes with their equations,
award A1 for horizontal asymptote with equation, award A1 for each
correct branch including asymptotic behaviour, coordinates of
minimum and maximum points (may be seen next to the graph) and
values of axes intercepts.
If vertical asymptotes are absent (or not vertical) and the branches
overlap as a consequence, award maximum A0A1A0A1A1.
[5 marks]
e.
2
𝑥 = - 3 = - 0 . 667 A1
(oblique asymptote has) gradient
4
3
= 1 . 33 (A1)
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appropriate method to find complete equation of oblique
asymptote M1
4 8 8
3
𝑥-9 4𝑥2 + 𝑥
3
3𝑥 + 2 4𝑥2 + 0𝑥 - 1 8
- 𝑥-1
3
8
-3𝑥 -
16
9
4 8
𝑦 = 3 𝑥 - 9 = 1 . 33𝑥 - 0 . 889 A1
7
9
Note: Do not award the final A1 if the answer is not given as an
equation.
[4 marks]
f.
attempting to find at least one critical value
𝑥 = - 0 . 568729 … , 𝑥 = 1 . 31872 … (M1)
2
- 3 < 𝑥 < - 0 . 569 OR -0 . 5 < 𝑥 < 0 . 5 OR 𝑥 > 1 . 32 A1A1A1
Note: Only penalize once for use of ≤ rather than < . [4 marks]
17M.2.AHL.TZ2.H_11
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
𝑔(𝑥) = 3𝑥4 + 𝑎𝑥3 + 𝑏𝑥2 − 7𝑥 − 4
𝑔(1) = 0 ⇒ 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 8 M1A1
𝑔( − 1) = 0 ⇒ − 𝑎 + 𝑏 = − 6 A1
⇒ 𝑎 = 7, 𝑏 = 1 A1
[4 marks]
b. 3𝑥4 + 7𝑥3 + 𝑥2 − 7𝑥 − 4 = (𝑥2 − 1)(𝑝𝑥2 + 𝑞𝑥 + 𝑟)
attempt to equate coefficients (M1) 𝑝 = 3, 𝑞 = 7, 𝑟 = 4 (A1)
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3𝑥4 + 7𝑥3 + 𝑥2 − 7𝑥 − 4 = (𝑥2 − 1)(3𝑥2 + 7𝑥 + 4)
= (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1)2 (3𝑥 + 4) A1
Note: Accept any equivalent valid method. [3 marks]
d. 𝑐>0 A1 −6.20 < 𝑐 < − 0.0366 A1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct end points and A1 for correct
inequalities.
Note: If the candidate has misdrawn the graph and omitted the
first minimum point, the maximum mark that may be awarded is
A1FTA0A0 for 𝑐 > − 6.20 seen.
[3 marks]
18M.1.AHL.TZ1.H_1
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
attempt to substitute x = −1 or x = 2 or to divide polynomials (M1)
1 − p − q + 5 = 7, 16 + 8p + 2q + 5 = 1 or equivalent A1A1
attempt to solve their two equations M1
p = −3, q = 2 A1
[5 marks]
21M.2.AHL.TZ1.12
a.
1 𝑎 𝑏
≡ + 𝑘-𝑥
𝑥𝑘 - 𝑥 𝑥
𝑎𝑘 - 𝑥 + 𝑏𝑥 = 1 (A1)
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attempt to compare coefficients OR substitute 𝑥 = 𝑘 and 𝑥 = 0 and
solve (M1)
𝑎=
1
𝑘
and 𝑏 =
1
𝑘
A1
1 1
𝑓' ( 𝑥 ) = +
𝑘𝑥 𝑘𝑘 - 𝑥
[3 marks]
b. attempt to integrate their
𝑎
𝑥
+
𝑏
𝑘-𝑥
(M1) 1
𝑓𝑥 ∫ +
𝑘
1
𝑥
1
𝑘-𝑥
d𝑥
1
= 𝑘 ln𝑥 - ln𝑘 - 𝑥+𝑐 = 𝑘 ln 𝑘 - 𝑥 +𝑐
1 𝑥
A1A1
Note: Award A1 for each correct term. Award A1A0 for a correct
answer without modulus signs. Condone the absence of +𝑐.
[3 marks]
c. attempt to separate variables and integrate both sides M1
1
5𝑘 ∫ 𝑃𝑘 - 𝑃 d 𝑃 = ∫ 1 d 𝑡 5ln 𝑃 - ln𝑘 - 𝑃 = 𝑡 + 𝑐 A1
Note: There are variations on this which should be accepted, such
1 1
as ln 𝑃 - ln𝑘 - 𝑃 = 𝑡 + 𝑐. Subsequent marks for these variations
𝑘 5𝑘
should be awarded as appropriate.
EITHER
attempt to substitute 𝑡 = 0, 𝑃 = 1200 into an equation involving 𝑐
M1
𝑐 = 5ln 1200 - ln𝑘 - 1200 = 5 ln 𝑘 - 1200
1200
A1
5ln 𝑃 - ln𝑘 - 𝑃 = 𝑡 + 5ln 1200 - ln𝑘 - 1200 A1 𝑃𝑘 - 1200
ln 1200𝑘 - 𝑃 =
𝑡
5
𝑃𝑘 - 1200
=e
𝑡
5 A1 OR 𝑃
ln 𝑘 - 𝑃 =
𝑡+𝑐
5
𝑃
= 𝐴e
𝑡
5 A1
1200𝑘 - 𝑃 𝑘-𝑃
attempt to substitute 𝑡 = 0, 𝑃 = 1200 M1 1200
𝑘 - 1200
=𝐴 A1
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𝑡
THEN
𝑃
𝑘-𝑃
=
1200e 5
𝑘 - 1200
A1
attempt to rearrange and isolate 𝑃 M1
𝑡 𝑡
𝑃𝑘 - 1200𝑃 = 1200𝑘e - 1200𝑃e 5 5 OR
𝑡 𝑡 𝑘 𝑘 - 1200
=1200𝑘 - 1200𝑃 OR
- -
𝑃𝑘e - 1200𝑃e
5 5 -1= 𝑡
𝑃
1200e 5
𝑡 𝑡 𝑡 𝑡
𝑃𝑘 - 1200 + 1200e = 1200𝑘e 5 5 OR 𝑃𝑘e - 1200e + 1200 = 1200𝑘
-5 -5
A1
𝑃=
1200𝑘
𝑡 AG [8 marks]
-
𝑘 - 1200e 5 + 1200
d. attempt to substitute 𝑡 = 10, 𝑃 = 2400 (M1)
2400 =
1200𝑘
𝑘 - 1200e-2 + 1200
(A1) 𝑘 = 2845 . 34 … 𝑘 = 2845 A1
Note: Award (M1)(A1)A0 for any other value of 𝑘 which rounds to
2850
[3 marks]
e.
attempt to find the maximum of the first derivative graph OR zero of
𝑘
the second derivative graph OR that 𝑃 = 2 = 1422 . 67 … (M1)
𝑡 = 1 . 57814 … = 1 . 58 (days) A2
Note: Accept any value which rounds to 1 . 6. [3 marks]
19N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_3
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a.
𝑓(1) = 0 (A1)
𝑓(0) = −1 A1
[2 marks]
b. 𝑎 = 𝑓(3) (M1) ⇒𝑎=4 A1 [2 marks]
c. domain is −2 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 6 A1 range is −6 ⩽ 𝑦 ⩽ 10 A1
[2 marks]
18M.2.AHL.TZ2.H_2
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
METHOD 1
substitute each of 𝑥 = 1,2 and 3 into the quartic and equate to zero
(M1)
𝑝+𝑞+𝑟= −7
4𝑝 + 2𝑞 + 𝑟 = − 11 or equivalent (A2)
9𝑝 + 3𝑞 + 𝑟 = − 29
Note: Award A2 for all three equations correct, A1 for two correct.
attempting to solve the system of equations (M1)
𝑝 = −7, 𝑞 = 17, 𝑟 = −17 A1
Note: Only award M1 when some numerical values are found when
solving algebraically or using GDC.
METHOD 2
attempt to find fourth factor (M1)
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(𝑥−1) A1
2
attempt to expand ( 𝑥 − 1 ) ( 𝑥 − 2 ) ( 𝑥 − 3 ) M1
𝑥4 − 7𝑥3 + 17𝑥2 − 17𝑥 + 6 (𝑝 = −7, 𝑞 = 17, 𝑟 = −17) A2
Note: Award A2 for all three values correct, A1 for two correct.
Note: Accept long / synthetic division.
[5 marks]
21M.3.AHL.TZ1.1
a.i.
𝑐 = 1: positive cubic with correct 𝑦-intercept labelled A1
local maximum point correctly labelled A1
local minimum point correctly labelled A1
[3 marks]
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a.ii.
𝑐 = 2: positive cubic with correct 𝑦-intercept labelled A1
local maximum point correctly labelled A1
local minimum point correctly labelled A1
Note: Accept the following exact answers:
Local maximum point coordinates -√2 , 2 + 4√2 .
Local minimum point coordinates √2 , 2 - 4√2 .
[3 marks]
b. 𝑓' ( 𝑥 ) = 3𝑥2 - 3𝑐 A1
Note: Accept 3𝑥2 - 3𝑐 (an expression). [1 mark]
c.i. 𝑐=0 A1 [1 mark]
c.ii. considers the number of solutions to their 𝑓' ( 𝑥 ) = 0 (M1)
3𝑥2 - 3𝑐 = 0 𝑐>0 A1 [2 marks]
c.iii. 𝑐<0 A1
Note: The (M1) in part (c)(ii) can be awarded for work shown in
either (ii) or (iii).
[1 mark]
d.i. attempts to solve their 𝑓' ( 𝑥 ) = 0 for 𝑥 (M1)
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𝑥 ± √𝑐 (A1)
Note: Award (A1) if either 𝑥 = - √𝑐 or 𝑥 = √𝑐 is subsequently
considered.
Award the above (M1)(A1) if this work is seen in part (c).
correctly evaluates 𝑓-√𝑐 A1
3 3
𝑓-√𝑐 = - 𝑐 2 + 3𝑐 2 + 2 = - 𝑐√𝑐 + 3𝑐√𝑐 + 2
AG
3
the 𝑦-coordinate of the local maximum point is 2𝑐 2 + 2
[3 marks]
d.ii. correctly evaluates 𝑓√𝑐 A1
3 3
𝑓√𝑐 = 𝑐 2 - 3𝑐 2 + 2 = 𝑐√𝑐 - 3𝑐√𝑐 + 2
AG
3
the 𝑦-coordinate of the local minimum point is -2𝑐 2 + 2
[1 mark]
e.i. the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 will have one 𝑥-axis intercept if EITHER
3
-2𝑐 + 2 > 0 (or equivalent reasoning)
2 R1 OR
the minimum point is above the 𝑥-axis R1
Note: Award R1 for a rigorous approach that does not (only) refer to
sketched graphs.
THEN 0<𝑐<1 A1
Note: Condone 𝑐 < 1. The A1 is independent of the R1. [2 marks]
e.ii. the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 will have two 𝑥-axis intercepts if EITHER
3
-2𝑐 2 + 2 = 0 (or equivalent reasoning) (M1) OR
evidence from the graph in part(a)(i) (M1) THEN
𝑐=1 A1 [2 marks]
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e.iii. the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 will have three 𝑥-axis intercepts if EITHER
3
-2𝑐 2 + 2 < 0 (or equivalent reasoning) (M1) OR
reasoning from the results in both parts (e)(i) and (e)(ii) (M1)
THEN 𝑐>1 A1 [2 marks]
f. case 1: 𝑐 ≤ 0 (independent of the value of 𝑑) A1 EITHER
𝑔' ( 𝑥 ) = 0 does not have two solutions (has no solutions or 1
solution) R1
⇒ 𝑔'𝑥 ≥ 0 for 𝑥 ∈~ R1
OR OR
the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 has no local maximum or local minimum
points, hence any vertical translation of this graph (𝑦 = 𝑔𝑥) will also
have no local maximum or local minimum points R1
therefore there is only one 𝑥-axis intercept AG
THEN
Note: Award at most A0R1 if only 𝑐 < 0 is considered.
case 2
𝑐>0
3 3
-√𝑐 , 2𝑐 + 𝑑 is a local maximum point and √𝑐 , - 2𝑐 + 𝑑 is a local
2 2
minimum point (A1)
Note: Award (A1) for a correct 𝑦-coordinate seen for either the
maximum or the minimum.
considers the positions of the local maximum point and/or the local
minimum point (M1)
EITHER
considers both points above the 𝑥-axis or both points below the 𝑥-
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axis
OR
considers either the local minimum point only above the 𝑥-axis
OR the local maximum point only below the 𝑥-axis
THEN
A1
3
𝑑 > 2𝑐 2 (both points above the 𝑥-axis)
A1
3
𝑑 < - 2𝑐 (both points above the 𝑥-axis)
2
Note: Award at most (A1)(M1)A0A0 for case 2 if 𝑐 > 0 is not clearly
stated.
[6 marks]
18N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_6
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
attempt to substitute 𝑥 = 5 and set equal to zero, or use of long
/ synthetic division (M1)
2 × 54 − 15 × 53 + 𝑎 × 52 + 5𝑏 + 𝑐 = 0 A1
( ⇒ 25𝑎 + 5𝑏 + 𝑐 = 625 )
[2 marks]
b. 0 A1 [1 mark]
c. EITHER attempt to solve 𝑃′ ( 5 ) = 0 (M1)
⇒ 8 × 53 − 45 × 52 + 4 × 5 + 𝑏 = 0 OR
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( 𝑥2 − 10𝑥 + 25 ) ( 2𝑥2 + 𝛼𝑥 + 𝛽 ) = 2𝑥4 − 15𝑥3 + 2𝑥2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 (M1)
comparing coefficients gives 𝛼 = 5, 𝛽 = 2 THEN 𝑏 = 105 A1
∴𝑐 = 625 − 25 × 2 − 525 𝑐 = 50 A1 [3 marks]
EXN.1.AHL.TZ0.11
a.
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics
senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the
new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to
formal exam papers.
a curve symmetrical about the 𝑦-axis with correct concavity that has
a local maximum point on the positive 𝑦-axis A1
a curve clearly showing that 𝑦 → 0 as 𝑥 → ± ∞ A1
0,
3
2
A1
horizontal asymptote 𝑦 = 0 (𝑥-axis) A1
[4 marks]
b.
3
attempts to find ∫ 2 d𝑥
𝑥 +2
(M1) =
√
3
2
arctan
𝑥
√2
A1
Note: Award M1A0 for obtaining 𝑘 arctan
√2
𝑥
where 𝑘 ≠
3
√2
.
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Note: Condone the absence of or use of incorrect limits to this
stage.
=
3
√2
arctan √3 - arctan 0 (M1) =
3
√ 2
π
×3 =
√2
π
A1
𝐴= √2 π
2
AG [4 marks]
c. METHOD 1 EITHER 𝑘
3
∫ 𝑥2 + 2 d𝑥 = √2 π
3
arctan
𝑘
= √2 π
(M1)
4 √2 √2 4
0
OR √6
3 √2 π
3
arctan √3 - arctan √2 =
𝑘 √2 π
(M1)
∫ 𝑥2 + 2 d𝑥 = 4
√2 4
𝑘
arctan √3 - arctan 2 =
𝑘 π
6
THEN arctan
𝑘
=
π
A1
√ √2 6
𝑘
= tan 6 =
π 1
A1 𝑘= √6
= √3
2
A1 METHOD 2
√2 √3 3
𝑘
3
√6
3
3
arctan
𝑘
=
3
arctan √3 - arctan 2
𝑘
(M1)
∫ 𝑥2 + 2 d𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥2 + 2 d𝑥 2
√ √2 √2 √
0 𝑘
arctan
𝑘
√2
=
π
6
A1 𝑘
√2
= tan 6 =
π 1
√3
A1 𝑘= √6
= √3
2
A1
3
[4 marks]
d. attempts to find
d
d𝑥 𝑥2
3
+2
(M1) = 3-12𝑥𝑥2 + 2
-2
A1
so 𝑚 = -
6𝑥
2 AG [2 marks]
𝑥2 + 2
e. attempts product rule or quotient rule differentiation M1
EITHER d𝑚
d𝑥
= -6𝑥-22𝑥𝑥2 + 2 + 𝑥2 + 2 -6
-3 -2
A1 OR
2
d𝑚
d𝑥
=
𝑥2 + 2 -6 - -6𝑥22𝑥𝑥2 + 2
𝑥2 + 2
4 A1
Note: Award A0 if the denominator is incorrect. Subsequent marks
can be awarded.
THEN
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d𝑚
attempts to express their as a rational fraction with a factorized
d𝑥
numerator M1
d𝑚 6𝑥2 + 23𝑥2 - 2 63𝑥2 - 2
= 4 = 3
d𝑥 𝑥2 + 2 𝑥2 + 2
attempts to solve their
d𝑚
d𝑥
= 0 for 𝑥 M1 2
𝑥 = ± √3 A1
from the curve, the maximum value of 𝑚 occurs at 𝑥 = - √
3
2
R1
2
(the minimum value of 𝑚 occurs at 𝑥 = √ )
3
Note: Award R1 for any equivalent valid reasoning.
2
6-√ 3
maximum value of 𝑚 is - 2 2 A1
2
-√ +2
3
leading to a maximum value of
27 2
AG [7 marks]
32 √ 3
18N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_8
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
−𝑖√3 is a root (A1)
1
3 + log2 3 − log2 6 ( = 3 + log2 2 = 3 − 1 = 2 ) is a root (A1)
sum of roots: −𝑎 = 3 + log2 3 ⇒ 𝑎 = − 3 − log2 3 M1
Note: Award M1 for use of −𝑎 is equal to the sum of the roots, do not
award if minus is missing.
Note: If expanding the factored form of the equation, award M1 for
equating 𝑎 to the coefficient of 𝑧3 .
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4
product of roots: ( −1 ) 𝑑 = 2 ( log2 6 ) ( 𝑖√3 ) ( −𝑖√3 ) M1
= 6log2 6 A1
Note: Award M1A0 for 𝑑 = − 6log2 6
6𝑎 + 𝑑 + 12 = − 18 − 6log2 3 + 6log2 6 + 12
EITHER
= − 6 + 6log2 2 = 0 M1A1AG
Note: M1 is for a correct use of one of the log laws.
OR
= − 6 − 6log2 3 + 6log2 3 + 6log2 2 = 0 M1A1AG
Note: M1 is for a correct use of one of the log laws.
[7 marks]
16N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_5
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
𝛼 + 𝛽 = 2𝑘 A1
𝛼𝛽 = 𝑘 − 1 A1
(𝛼 + 𝛽)2 = 4𝑘2 ⇒ 𝛼2 + 𝛽2 + 2 ⏟
𝛼𝛽 = 4𝑘2 (M1)
𝑘−1
𝛼2 + 𝛽2 = 4𝑘2 − 2𝑘 + 2
𝛼2 + 𝛽2 = 4 ⇒ 4𝑘2 − 2𝑘 − 2 = 0 A1
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attempt to solve quadratic (M1)
𝑘 = 1, − 2
1
A1
[6 marks]
EXN.1.AHL.TZ0.12
a.
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior e
in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be min
formatting compared to formal exam papers.
uses the binomial theorem on cos 𝜃 + i sin 𝜃4 M1
= 𝐶04 cos4 𝜃 + 𝐶14 cos3 𝜃i sin 𝜃 + 𝐶24 cos2 𝜃i2 sin2 𝜃 + 𝐶34 cos 𝜃i
A1
= cos4 𝜃 - 6 cos2 𝜃 sin2 𝜃 + sin4 𝜃 + i4 cos3 𝜃 sin 𝜃 - 4 cos 𝜃 sin
[3 marks]
b.
(using de Moivre’s theorem with 𝑛 = 4 gives) cos 4𝜃 + i sin 4𝜃
(A1)
equates both the real and imaginary parts of cos 4𝜃 + i sin 4𝜃 and
cos4 𝜃 - 6 cos2 𝜃 sin2 𝜃 + sin4 𝜃 + i4 cos3 𝜃 sin 𝜃 - 4 cos 𝜃 sin3
M1
cos 4𝜃 = cos4 𝜃 - 6 cos2 𝜃 sin2 𝜃 + sin4 𝜃 and
sin 4𝜃 = 4 cos3 𝜃 sin 𝜃 - 4 cos 𝜃 sin3 𝜃
recognizes that cot 4𝜃 =
cos 4𝜃
sin 4𝜃
(A1)
substitutes for sin 4𝜃 and cos 4𝜃 into
cos 4𝜃
sin 4𝜃
M1
cos4 𝜃 - 6 cos2 𝜃 sin2 𝜃 + sin4 𝜃
cot 4𝜃 =
4 cos3 𝜃 sin 𝜃 - 4 cos 𝜃 sin3 𝜃
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divides the numerator and denominator by sin4 𝜃 to obtain
cos4 𝜃 - 6 cos2 𝜃 sin2 𝜃 + sin4 𝜃
cot 4𝜃 = sin4 𝜃
4 cos3 𝜃 sin 𝜃 - 4 cos 𝜃 sin3 𝜃
A1
sin4 𝜃
cot 4𝜃 =
cot4 𝜃 - 6 cot2 𝜃 + 1
AG [5 marks]
4 cot3 𝜃 - 4 cot 𝜃
c.
setting cot 4𝜃 = 0 and putting 𝑥 = cot2 𝜃 in the numerator of
cot 4𝜃 =
cot4 𝜃 - 6 cot2 𝜃 + 1
4 cot3 𝜃 - 4 cot 𝜃
gives 𝑥2 - 6𝑥 + 1 = 0 M1
attempts to solve cot 4𝜃 = 0 for 𝜃 M1
4𝜃 = 2 ,
π 3π
2
, …
1
4𝜃 = 2 2𝑛 + 1π, n = 0, 1, … (A1)
𝜃 = 8,
π 3π
8
A1
Note: Do not award the final A1 if solutions other than 𝜃 = π8 , 3π
8
are
listed.
π 3π
finding the roots of cot 4𝜃 = 0 𝜃 = 8 , 8 corresponds to finding the
roots of 𝑥2 - 6𝑥 + 1 = 0 where 𝑥 = cot2 𝜃 R1
so the equation 𝑥2 - 6𝑥 + 1 = 0 as roots cot2 and cot2
π
8
3π
8
AG
[5 marks]
d. attempts to solve 𝑥2 - 6𝑥 + 1 = 0 for 𝑥 M1
𝑥 = 3 ± 2√2 A1
π 3π 3π
since cot2 > cot2 , cot2 has the smaller value of the two roots
8 8 8
R1
Note: Award R1 for an alternative convincing valid reason.
so cot2
3π
8
= 3 -2 √2 A1 [4 marks]
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e. let 𝑦 = cosec2 𝜃
uses cot2 𝜃 = cosec2 𝜃 - 1 where 𝑥 = cot2 𝜃 (M1)
𝑥2 - 6𝑥 + 1 = 0 ⇒ 𝑦 - 12 - 6𝑦 - 1 + 1 = 0 M1 𝑦2 - 8𝑦 + 8 = 0 A1
[3 marks]
EXN.2.SL.TZ0.2
a.
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics
senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the
new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to
formal exam papers.
EITHER
uses the arc length formula (M1)
arc length is 32π - 𝜃 A1
OR
length of arc AB is 3𝜃 A1
the sum of the lengths of arc AB and arc APB is 6π A1
THEN
so arc APB has length 6π - 3𝜃 AG
[2 marks]
b. uses the cosine rule (M1) 𝐿2 = 32 + 32 - 233 cos 𝜃 A1
so 𝐿 = √18 - 18 cos 𝜃 AG [2 marks]
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c. 6π - 3𝜃 = 2√18 - 18 cos 𝜃 A1
attempts to solve for 𝜃 (M1) 𝜃 = 2 . 49 A1 [3 marks]
21N.2.AHL.TZ0.7
a.
𝑚
recognises that ∫ arccos 𝑥 d 𝑥 = 0 . 5 (M1)
0
𝑚 arccos 𝑚 - √1 - 𝑚2 - 0 - √1 = 0 . 5
𝑚 = 0 . 360034 …
𝑚 = 0 . 360 A1
[2 marks]
b. METHOD 1
attempts to find at least one endpoint (limit) both in terms of 𝑚 (or
their 𝑚) and 𝑎 (M1)
P𝑚 - 𝑎 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 𝑚 + 𝑎 = 0 . 3
0 . 360034 … + 𝑎
∫ arccos 𝑥 d 𝑥 = 0 . 3 (A1)
0 . 360034 … - 𝑎
𝑚+𝑎
Note: Award (A1) for ∫ arccos 𝑥 d 𝑥 = 0 . 3.
𝑚-𝑎
0 . 360034 … + 𝑎
𝑥 arccos 𝑥 - √1 - 𝑥2 0 . 360034 … -𝑎
attempts to solve their equation for 𝑎 (M1)
Note: The above (M1) is dependent on the first (M1).
𝑎 = 0 . 125 A1 METHOD 2
𝑎 = 0 . 124861 …
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𝑎
∫ arccos 𝑥 - 0 . 360034 … d𝑥 = 0.3 (M1)(A1)
-𝑎
Note: Only award (M1) if at least one limit has been
translated correctly.
𝑎
Note: Award (M1)(A1) for ∫ arccos 𝑥 - 𝑚 d 𝑥 = 0 . 3.
-𝑎
attempts to solve their equation for 𝑎 (M1)
𝑎 = 0 . 124861 … 𝑎 = 0 . 125 A1 METHOD 3
EITHER
𝑎
∫ arccos 𝑥 + 0 . 360034 … d𝑥 = 0.3 (M1)(A1)
-𝑎
Note: Only award (M1) if at least one limit has been
translated correctly.
𝑎
Note: Award (M1)(A1) for ∫ arccos 𝑥 + 𝑚 d 𝑥 = 0 . 3.
-𝑎 OR
20 . 360034 … + 𝑎
∫ arccos 𝑥 - 0 . 360034 … d𝑥 = 0.3 (M1)
20 . 360034 … - 𝑎
(A1)
Note: Only award (M1) if at least one limit has been
translated correctly.
2𝑚 + 𝑎
Note: Award (M1)(A1) for ∫ arccos 𝑥 - 𝑚 d 𝑥 = 0 . 3.
THEN
2𝑚 - 𝑎
attempts to solve their equation for 𝑎 (M1)
Note: The above (M1) is dependent on the first (M1).
𝑎 = 0 . 125 A1 [4 marks]
𝑎 = 0 . 124861 …
19N.1.SL.TZ0.S_10
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a.
B ( 𝑎, 0 ) (accept B ( 𝑞 + 1, 0 ) ) A2 N2
[2 marks]
b.
Note: There are many approaches to this part, and the steps may be
done in any order. Please check working and award marks in line
with the markscheme, noting that candidates may work with the
equation of the line before finding 𝑎.
FINDING 𝑎
valid attempt to find an expression for 𝑎 in terms of 𝑞 (M1)
𝑔 ( 0 ) = 𝑎, 𝑝0 + 𝑞 = 𝑎 𝑎=𝑞+1 (A1)
FINDING THE EQUATION OF 𝐿1 EITHER
attempt to substitute tangent gradient and coordinates into
equation of straight line (M1)
eg 𝑦 − 0 = 𝑓′ ( 𝑎 ) ( 𝑥 − 𝑎 ) , 𝑦 = 𝑓′ ( 𝑎 ) ( 𝑥 − ( 𝑞 + 1 ) )
correct equation in terms of 𝑎 and 𝑝 (A1)
eg 𝑦−0=
1
ln ( 𝑝 )
(𝑥−𝑎) OR
attempt to substitute tangent gradient and coordinates to find 𝑏
eg 0=
1
ln ( 𝑝 )
(𝑎) +𝑏 𝑏=
−𝑎
ln ( 𝑝 )
(A1)
THEN (must be in terms of both 𝑝 and 𝑞)
𝑦=
1
ln𝑝
(𝑥 − 𝑞 − 1), 𝑦 =
1
ln𝑝
𝑥−
𝑞+1
ln𝑝
A1 N3
Note: Award A0 for final answers in the form 𝐿1 = ln𝑝1 ( 𝑥 − 𝑞 − 1 )
[5 marks]
c.
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Note: There are many approaches to this part, and the steps may be
done in any order. Please check working and award marks in line
with the markscheme, noting that candidates may find 𝑞 in terms of
𝑝 before finding a value for 𝑝.
FINDING 𝑝
valid approach to find the gradient of the tangent (M1)
1 1 1 1
eg 𝑚1 𝑚2 = − 1, − 1 , − ln ( 3 ) , − ln𝑝 = 1
1 ln( )
ln ( )
3
3
correct application of log rule (seen anywhere) (A1)
1 −1
eg ln ( 3 ) , − ( ln ( 1 ) − ln ( 3 ) )
correct equation (seen anywhere) A1 eg ln𝑝 = ln3, 𝑝 = 3
FINDING 𝑞
correct substitution of ( −2, − 2 ) into 𝐿2 equation (A1)
eg −2 = ( ln𝑝 ) ( −2 ) + 𝑞 + 1
𝑞 = 2ln𝑝 − 3, 𝑞 = 2ln3 − 3 (seen anywhere) A1 FINDING 𝐿1
correct substitution of their 𝑝 and 𝑞 into their 𝐿1 (A1)
1
eg 𝑦=
ln3
( 𝑥 − ( 2ln3 − 3 ) − 1 )
𝑦=
1
ln3
( 𝑥 − 2ln3 + 2 ) , 𝑦 =
1
ln3
𝑥−
2ln3 − 2
ln3
A1 N2
Note: Award A0 for final answers in the form 𝐿1 = ln31 ( 𝑥 − 2ln3 + 2 ) .
[7 marks]
19N.1.SL.TZ0.S_3
a.
valid attempt to substitute coordinates (M1)
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eg 𝑔 ( −1 ) = 8
correct substitution (A1)
eg ( −1 ) 2 + 𝑏 ( −1 ) + 11 = 8, 1 − 𝑏 + 11 = 8
𝑏=4 A1 N2
[3 marks]
b. valid attempt to solve (M1)
−4
eg ( 𝑥2 + 4𝑥 + 4 ) + 7, ℎ = 2
, 𝑘 = 𝑔 ( −2 )
correct working A1 eg ( 𝑥 + 2 ) 2 + 7, ℎ = − 2, 𝑘 = 7
−2
translation or shift (do not accept move) of vector ( ) (accept
7
left by 2 and up by 7) A1A1 N2
[4 marks]
21M.1.SL.TZ2.5
a.
ln𝑥2 - 16 = 0 (M1)
e0 = 𝑥2 - 16 = 1
𝑥2 = 17 OR 𝑥 = ± √17 (A1)
𝑎 = √17 A1
[3 marks]
b.
attempt to differentiate (must include 2𝑥 and/or 𝑥2
1
- 16
) (M1)
𝑓'𝑥 =
2𝑥
𝑥2 - 16
A1 setting their derivative =
1
3
M1
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𝑥2
2𝑥
- 16
=
1
3
𝑥2 - 16 = 6𝑥 OR 𝑥2 - 6𝑥 - 16 = 0 (or equivalent) A1
valid attempt to solve their quadratic (M1) 𝑥=8 A1
Note: Award A0 if the candidate’s final answer includes additional
solutions (such as 𝑥 = − 2, 8).
[6 marks]
EXN.2.SL.TZ0.5
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior
examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA
course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal
exam papers.
attempts to find an expression for the discriminant, Δ, in terms of 𝑘
(M1)
Δ = 4 - 4𝑘 - 12𝑘 - 3 = - 8𝑘2 + 20𝑘 - 8 (A1)
Note: Award M1A1 for finding 𝑥 = -2 ± √42𝑘- 4𝑘- 1- 12𝑘 - 3 .
attempts to solve Δ > 0 for 𝑘 (M1)
Note: Award M1 for attempting to solve Δ = 0 for 𝑘.
1
2
<𝑘<2 A1A1
Note: Award A1 for obtaining critical values 𝑘 = 12 , 2 and A1 for correct
inequality signs.
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[5 marks]
21N.2.AHL.TZ0.9
a.
12 =
2π
𝑏
OR 𝑏 =
2π
12
A1
𝑏=
π
6
AG
[1 mark]
b. 𝑎=
6.8 - 2.2
2
OR 𝑎 =
max-min
2
(M1) = 2.3 m A1
[2 marks]
c. 𝑑=
6.8 + 2.2
2
OR 𝑑 =
max+min
2
(M1)
= 4.5 m A1 [2 marks]
d. METHOD 1
substituting 𝑡 = 4 . 5 and 𝐻 = 6 . 8 for example into their equation for
𝐻 (A1)
π
6 . 8 = 2 . 3 sin 6 4 . 5 - 𝑐 + 4 . 5
attempt to solve their equation (M1) 𝑐 = 1.5 A1
METHOD 2 using horizontal translation of
12
4
(M1)
4.5 - 𝑐 = 3 (A1) 𝑐 = 1.5 A1 METHOD 3
π
𝐻'𝑡 = 2 . 3 6 cos 6 𝑡 - 𝑐
π
(A1)
attempts to solve their 𝐻'4 . 5 = 0 for 𝑐 (M1)
π π
2 . 3 6 cos 6 4 . 5 - 𝑐 = 0 𝑐 = 1.5 A1 [3 marks]
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e.
attempt to find 𝐻 when 𝑡 = 12 or 𝑡 = 0, graphically or algebraically
(M1)
𝐻 = 2 . 87365 … 𝐻 = 2 . 87 m A1 [2 marks]
f.
π
attempt to solve 5 = 2 . 3 sin 6 𝑡 - 1 . 5 + 4 . 5 (M1)
times are 𝑡 = 1 . 91852 … and
𝑡 = 7 . 08147 … , 𝑡 = 13 . 9185 … , 𝑡 = 19 . 0814 … (A1)
total time is 2 × 7 . 081 … - 1 . 919 … 10 . 3258 …
= 10 . 3 (hours) A1 [3 marks]
Note: Accept 10.
g. METHOD 1
11
substitutes 𝑡 = and 𝐻 = 6 . 8 into their equation for 𝐻 and attempts
3
to solve for 𝑐 (M1)
π 11 2
6 . 8 = 2 . 3 sin 6 - 𝑐 + 4.5 ⇒ 𝑐 =
3 3
π 2
𝐻𝑡 = 2 . 3 sin 6 𝑡 - 3 + 4 . 5 A1
METHOD 2
uses their horizontal translation
12
4
=3 (M1)
11
3
-𝑐=3⇒𝑐=
2
3
π 2
𝐻𝑡 = 2 . 3 sin 6 𝑡 - 3 + 4 . 5 A1
[2 marks]
EXN.2.SL.TZ0.6
a.
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics
senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the
new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to
formal exam papers.
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attempts to solve 𝑥2 sin 𝑥 = - 1 - √1 + 4𝑥 + 22 (M1)
𝑥 = - 2 . 76, - 1 . 54 A1A1
Note: Award A1A0 if additional solutions outside the domain are
given.
[3 marks]
b.
-1 . 537 …
𝐴= ∫ -1 - √1 + 4𝑥 + 22 - 𝑥2 sin 𝑥 d𝑥 (or equivalent) (M1)
-2 . 762 …
(A1)
Note: Award M1 for attempting to form an integrand involving “top
curve” − “bottom curve”.
so 𝐴 = 1 . 47 A2 [4 marks]
19N.1.SL.TZ0.S_5
a.
correct substitution into 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 (A1)
eg ( 5𝑘 ) 2 − 4 ( 2 ) ( 3𝑘2 + 2 ) , ( 5𝑘 ) 2 − 8 ( 3𝑘2 + 2 )
correct expansion of each term A1
eg 25𝑘2 − 24𝑘2 − 16, 25𝑘2 − ( 24𝑘2 + 16 )
𝑘2 − 16 AG N0
[2 marks]
b. valid approach M1 eg 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) > 0, 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) ⩾ 0
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recognizing discriminant < 0 or ⩽ 0 M1
eg 𝐷 < 0, 𝑘2 − 16 ⩽ 0, 𝑘2 < 16
two correct values for 𝑘/endpoints (even if inequalities are
incorrect) (A1)
eg 𝑘 = ± 4, 𝑘 < − 4 and 𝑘 > 4, |𝑘| < 4
correct interval A1 N2 eg −4 < 𝑘 < 4, −4 ⩽ 𝑘 ⩽ 4
Note: Candidates may work with an equation, then write the
intervals with inequalities at the end. If inequalities are not seen until
the candidate’s final correct answer, M0M0A1A1 may be awarded.
If candidate is working with incorrect inequalitie(s) at the beginning,
then gets the correct final answer, award M0M0A1A0 or M1M0A1A0
or M0M1A1A0 in line with the markscheme.
[4 marks]
EXN.2.SL.TZ0.9
a.
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics
senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the
new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to
formal exam papers.
when 𝑡 = 0, 𝑇 = 100 ⇒ 100 = 𝑇0 e0 A1
so 𝑇0 = 100 AG
[1 mark]
b. correct substitution of 𝑡 = 10, 𝑇 = 70 M1
70 = 100e-10𝑘 or e-10𝑘 =
7
10
EITHER -10𝑘 = ln
7
10
A1
7 10 7
ln 10 = - ln 7 or -ln 10 = ln 7
10
A1 OR e10𝑘 = 7
10
A1
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10𝑘 = ln 7
10
A1 THEN 𝑘=
1
10
ln 7
10
AG [3 marks]
c. substitutes 𝑡 = 15 into 𝑇 (M1) 𝑇 = 58 . 6 °C A1
[2 marks]
d.
a decreasing exponential A1
starting at 0, 100 labelled on the graph or stated A1
𝑇 → 0 as 𝑡 → ∞ A1
horizontal asymptote 𝑇 = 0 labelled on the graph or stated A1
Note: Award A0 for stating 𝑦 = 0 as the horizontal asymptote.
[4 marks]
e. 100e-𝑘𝑡 = 50 where 𝑘 =
10
1
ln
10
7
A1 EITHER
uses an appropriate graph to attempt to solve for 𝑡 (M1) OR
1 1 10
manipulates logs to attempt to solve for 𝑡 e.g. ln 2 = - 10 ln 7 𝑡
(M1)
𝑡=
ln 2
1 10 = 19 . 433 … A1 THEN
ln
10 7
temperature will be 50 °C after 19 minutes and 26 seconds A1
[4 marks]
f. METHOD 1
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𝑡
substitutes 𝑇0 = 100, 𝑡 = 10 and 𝑇 = 70 into 𝑇 = 𝑇0 𝑎 10 (M1)
70 = 100𝑎 10
10
A1 𝑎=
7
10
A1 METHOD 2
𝑡
100𝑎 10 = 100e-𝑘𝑡 where 𝑘 =
1
ln
10 EITHER
10 7
-𝑘
1
⇒𝑎=e -10𝑘 (M1) OR 1 10 𝑡
10
e =𝑎
(M1)
10 - 10 ln 7 𝑡
𝑎=e
THEN 𝑎 = e-ln 7
10
= eln 10
7
A1 𝑎=
7
10
A1 [3 marks]
21M.1.AHL.TZ2.7
𝛼+𝛽+𝛼+𝛽=𝑘 (A1)
𝑘
𝛼+𝛽=
2
𝛼𝛽𝛼 + 𝛽 = - 3𝑘 (A1)
𝑘2 𝑘 𝑘3
- 4 2 = - 3𝑘 - 8 = - 3𝑘 M1
𝑘3
attempting to solve - 8 + 3𝑘 = 0 (or equivalent) for 𝑘 (M1)
𝑘 = 2√6 = √24 𝑘 > 0 A1
Note: Award A0 for 𝑘 = ± 2√6 ±√24 .
[5 marks]
21N.3.AHL.TZ0.1
a.
𝑓'𝑡 =
e𝑡 - e-𝑡
2
A1
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𝑓 '' 𝑡 =
e𝑡 + e-𝑡
2
A1
= 𝑓𝑡 AG
[2 marks]
b. METHOD 1 𝑓𝑡2 + 𝑔𝑡2 substituting 𝑓 and 𝑔 M1
2 2 2 2 2 2
=
e𝑡 + e-𝑡 + e𝑡 - e-𝑡
4
=
e𝑡 + 2 + e-𝑡 + e𝑡 - 2 + e-𝑡
4
(M1)
=
2
e𝑡 + e-𝑡
2
=
e2𝑡 + e-2𝑡
A1 = 𝑓2𝑡 AG
2 2
METHOD 2 𝑓2𝑡 =
e2𝑡 + e-2𝑡
=
2
e𝑡 + e-𝑡
2
M1
2 2
=
2
e𝑡 + e-𝑡 + e𝑡 - e-𝑡
2
M1A1 = 𝑓𝑡2 + 𝑔𝑡2 AG
4
Note: Accept combinations of METHODS 1 & 2 that meet at
equivalent expressions.
[3 marks]
c.i.
substituting ei𝑢 = cos 𝑢 + i sin 𝑢 into the expression for 𝑓
(M1)
obtaining e-i𝑢 = cos 𝑢 - i sin 𝑢 (A1)
cos 𝑢 + i sin 𝑢 + cos 𝑢 - i sin 𝑢
𝑓i𝑢 =
2
Note: The M1 can be awarded for the use of sine and cosine being
odd and even respectively.
= cos 𝑢 A1
=
2 cos 𝑢
2
[3 marks]
cos 𝑢 + i sin 𝑢 - cos 𝑢 + i sin 𝑢
c.ii. 𝑔i𝑢 =
2
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substituting and attempt to simplify (M1) =
2i sin 𝑢
2
= i sin 𝑢 A1
[2 marks]
d. METHOD 1 𝑓i𝑢2 + 𝑔i𝑢2
substituting expressions found in part (c) (M1)
= cos2 𝑢 - sin2 𝑢 = cos 2𝑢 A1 METHOD 2
𝑓2i𝑢 =
e2i𝑢 + e-2i𝑢
2
=
cos 2𝑢 + i sin 2𝑢 + cos 2𝑢 - i sin 2𝑢
2
M1
= cos 2𝑢 A1
Note: Accept equivalent final answers that have been simplified
removing all imaginary parts eg 2 cos2 𝑢 − 1etc
[2 marks]
2 2
e. 2
𝑓𝑡 - 𝑔𝑡2 =
e𝑡 + e-𝑡 - e𝑡 - e-𝑡
4
M1
=
e2𝑡 + e-2𝑡 + 2 - e2𝑡 + e-2𝑡 - 2
4
A1 =
4
4
=1 A1
Note: Award A1 for a value of 1 obtained from either LHS or RHS of
given expression.
𝑓i𝑢2 - 𝑔i𝑢2 = cos2 𝑢 + sin2 𝑢 M1
= 1 (hence 𝑓𝑡2 - 𝑔𝑡2 = 𝑓i𝑢2 - 𝑔i𝑢2 ) AG
Note: Award full marks for showing that 𝑓𝑧2 - 𝑔𝑧2 = 1, ∀𝑧 ∈ ℂ.
[4 marks]
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f.
A1A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct curves in the upper quadrants, A1 for
correct curves in the lower quadrants, A1 for correct 𝑥-intercepts of
( − 1, 0 ) and ( 1, 0 ) (condone 𝑥 = − 1 and 1), A1 for 𝑦 = 𝑥 and
𝑦 = − 𝑥.
[4 marks]
g. attempt to rotate by 45° in either direction (M1)
Note: Evidence of an attempt to relate to a sketch of 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑘 would
be sufficient for this (M1).
attempting to rotate a particular point, eg ( 1, 0 ) (M1)
( 1, 0 ) rotates to
1
2
√
, ±
1
√2
(or similar) (A1)
hence 𝑘 = ± 2
1
A1A1
[5 marks]
19N.2.SL.TZ0.S_2
a.
valid approach (M1)
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eg 𝐿1 = 𝐿2 , 𝑥 = 12, 𝑦 = 1
( 12, 1 ) (exact) A1 N2
[2 marks]
b.
( −4 ) (or any multiple of ( −4 ))
3 3
A1 N1 [1 mark]
c.
any correct equation in the form r = a + 𝑡b (accept any parameter
for 𝑡) where
a is a position vector for a point on 𝐿1, and b is a scalar multiple of
( −4 )
3
A2 N2
eg r = ( 12 ) + 𝑡( −4 )
1 3
Note: Award A1 for the form a + 𝑡b, A1 for the form 𝐿 = a + 𝑡b, A0 for
the form r = b + 𝑡a.
[2 marks]
21M.1.AHL.TZ2.12
a.
EITHER
1
horizontal stretch/scaling with scale factor
2
Note: Do not allow ‘shrink’ or ‘compression’
followed by a horizontal translation/shift
1
2
units to the left A2
Note: Do not allow ‘move’
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OR
horizontal translation/shift 1 unit to the left
followed by horizontal stretch/scaling with scale factor
1
2
A2
THEN
0
vertical translation/shift up by
π
4
(or translation through π A1
4
(may be seen anywhere)
[3 marks]
b. let 𝛼 = arctan 𝑝 and 𝛽 = arctan 𝑞 M1
𝑝 = tan 𝛼 and 𝑞 = tan 𝛽 (A1) tan𝛼 + 𝛽 =
𝑝+𝑞
1 - 𝑝𝑞
A1
𝑝+𝑞
𝛼 + 𝛽 = arctan 1 - 𝑝𝑞 A1
𝑝+𝑞
so arctan 𝑝 + arctan 𝑞 ≡ arctan 1 - 𝑝𝑞 where 𝑝, 𝑞 > 0 and 𝑝𝑞 < 1.
AG
[4 marks]
c. METHOD 1 π
4
= arctan 1 (or equivalent) A1
𝑥 𝑥+𝑥+1
+1
𝑥
arctan 𝑥 + 1 + arctan 1 = arctan 𝑥 + 1𝑥
1- 1
A1 = arctan 𝑥 𝑥++1 1- 𝑥 A1
𝑥+1 𝑥+1
= arctan2𝑥 + 1 AG METHOD 2
π
tan 4 = 1 (or equivalent) A1
𝑥 π 𝑥
Consider arctan2𝑥 + 1 - arctan 𝑥 + 1 = tanarctan2𝑥 + 1 - arctan 𝑥 + 1
4
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A1
𝑥 2𝑥 +1 𝑥 + 1 - 𝑥
2𝑥 +1 - = arctan 𝑥 + 1 + 𝑥2𝑥 + 1
= arctan 𝑥+1
𝑥2𝑥 + 1 A1
1+
𝑥+1
= arctan 1 AG METHOD 3 tan arctan2𝑥 + 1=tan arctan 𝑥 + 1 + 4
𝑥 π
π
tan 4 = 1 (or equivalent) A1 LHS = 2𝑥 + 1 A1
𝑥
+1 [3 marks]
RHS = 𝑥+1
1-
𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 1 A1
𝑥+1
d.
𝑛 1 𝑛
let P𝑛 be the proposition that Σ arctan = arctan for 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+
𝑟=1 2𝑟2 𝑛+1
consider P1
1
when 𝑛 = 1,
1 1
Σ arctan 2𝑟2 = arctan 2 = RHS and so P1 is true
𝑟=1
R1
M1
𝑘 1 𝑘
assume P𝑘 is true, ie. Σ arctan 2 = arctan 𝑘 ∈ ℤ+
2𝑟
𝑟=1 𝑘+1
Note: Award M0 for statements such as “let 𝑛 = 𝑘”.
Note: Subsequent marks after this M1 are independent of this mark
and can be awarded.
consider P𝑘 + 1:
(M1)
𝑘+1 1 𝑘 1 1
Σ arctan 2𝑟2 = Σ arctan 2𝑟2 + arctan
𝑟=1 𝑟=1 2𝑘 + 12
𝑘
= arctan 𝑘 + 1 + arctan
1
A1 𝑘
+
1
M1
2 𝑘 + 1 2𝑘 + 12
2𝑘 + 1
= arctan 𝑘 1
1-
𝑘 + 1 2𝑘 + 12
= arctan
𝑘 + 12𝑘2 + 2𝑘 + 1
2𝑘 + 13 - 𝑘
A1
Note: Award A1 for correct numerator, with( k + 1 ) factored.
Denominator does not need to be simplified
= arctan
𝑘 + 12𝑘2 + 2𝑘 + 1
2𝑘3 + 6𝑘2 + 5𝑘 + 2
A1
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Note: Award A1 for denominator correctly expanded. Numerator
does not need to be simplified. These two A marks may be awarded
in any order
= arctan
𝑘 + 12𝑘2 + 2𝑘 + 1
𝑘 + 22𝑘2 + 2𝑘 + 1
= arctan
𝑘+1
𝑘+2
A1
Note: The word ‘arctan’ must be present to be able to award the last
three A marks
P𝑘 + 1 is true whenever P𝑘 is true and P1 is true, so
P𝑛 is true for for 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ R1
Note: Award the final R1 mark provided at least four of the previous
marks have been awarded.
Note: To award the final R1, the truth of P𝑘 must be mentioned. ‘P𝑘
implies P𝑘 + 1’ is insufficient to award the mark.
[9 marks]
21M.2.SL.TZ2.2
a.
A1A1A1
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Note: Award A1 for a smooth concave down curve with generally
correct shape. If first mark is awarded, award A1 for local maximum
and 𝑥-intercept in approximately correct position, award A1 for
endpoints at 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 = 3 with approximately correct 𝑦-
coordinates.
[3 marks]
b. recognizing that 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) = 0 at local maximum (M1)
𝑥 = 2 . 33084 … 𝑥 = 2 . 33 A1 [2 marks]
19N.2.SL.TZ0.S_7
a.
correct approach A1
eg 0.2 + 0.5 + 𝑏 + 𝑎 = 1, 0.7 + 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 1
𝑏 = 0.3 − 𝑎 AG N0
[1 mark]
b. correct substitution into E ( 𝑋 ) (A1)
eg 0.2 + 4 × 0.5 + 𝑎 × 𝑏 + ( 𝑎 + 𝑏 − 0.5 ) × 𝑎, 0.2 + 2 + 𝑎 × 𝑏 − 0.2𝑎
valid attempt to express E ( 𝑋 ) in one variable M1
eg 0.2 + 4 × 0.5 + 𝑎 × ( 0.3 − 𝑎 ) + ( −0.2 ) × 𝑎, 2.2 + 0.1𝑎 − 𝑎2 ,
0.2 + 4 × 0.5 + ( 0.3 − 𝑏 ) × 𝑏 + ( −0.2 ) × ( 0.3 − 𝑏 ) ,
2.14 + 0.5𝑏 − 𝑏2
correct value of greatest E ( 𝑋 ) (A1) 2.2025 (exact)
valid attempt to find least value (M1)
eg graph with minimum indicated, E ( 0 ) and E ( 0.3 )
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( 0, 2.2 ) and ( 0.3, 2.14 ) if E ( 𝑋 ) in terms of 𝑎
( 0, 2.14 ) and ( 0.3, 2.2 ) if E ( 𝑋 ) in terms of 𝑏
correct value of least E ( 𝑋 ) (A1) eg 2.14 (exact)
difference = 0.0625 (exact) A1 N2 [6 marks]
22M.3.AHL.TZ1.1
a.i.
𝑃3 𝑛 =
3 - 2𝑛2 - 3 - 4𝑛
2
OR 𝑃3 𝑛 =
𝑛2 - -𝑛
2
A1
𝑃3 𝑛 =
𝑛2 + 𝑛
2
A1
Note: Award A0A1 if 𝑃3𝑛 = 𝑛 2+ 𝑛 only is seen.
2
Do not award any marks for numerical verification.
so for triangular numbers, 𝑃3 𝑛 =
𝑛𝑛 + 1
2
AG
[2 marks]
a.ii. METHOD 1
uses a table of values to find a positive integer that satisfies
𝑃3 𝑛 = 351 (M1)
for example, a list showing at least 3 consecutive terms
… 325, 351, 378 …
Note: Award (M1) for use of a GDC’s numerical solve or graph
feature.
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𝑛 = 26 (26th triangular number) A1
Note: Award A0 for 𝑛 = − 27, 26. Award A0 if additional solutions
besides 𝑛 = 26 are given.
METHOD 2
attempts to solve
𝑛𝑛 + 1
2
= 351 𝑛2 + 𝑛 - 702 = 0 for 𝑛 (M1)
-1 ± √12 - 41-702
𝑛=
2
OR 𝑛 - 26𝑛 + 27 = 0
𝑛 = 26 (26th triangular number) A1
Note: Award A0 for 𝑛 = − 27, 26. Award A0 if additional solutions
besides 𝑛 = 26 are given.
[2 marks]
b.i.
attempts to form an expression for 𝑃3 𝑛 + 𝑃3 𝑛 + 1 in terms of 𝑛
M1
EITHER 𝑃3 𝑛 + 𝑃3 𝑛 + 1 ≡
𝑛𝑛 + 1
2
+
𝑛 + 1𝑛 + 2
2
≡
𝑛 + 12𝑛 + 2
2
≡
2𝑛 + 1𝑛 + 1
2
A1 OR
𝑛2 𝑛 𝑛 + 12 𝑛+1
𝑃3 𝑛 + 𝑃3 𝑛 + 1 ≡ +2+ +
2 2 2
≡
𝑛2 + 𝑛
+
𝑛2 + 2𝑛 + 1 + 𝑛 + 1
≡ 𝑛2 + 2𝑛 + 1 A1 THEN
2 2
≡ 𝑛 + 12 AG [2 marks]
b.ii. the sum of the 𝑛th and 𝑛 + 1th triangular numbers
is the 𝑛 + 1th square number A1 [1 mark]
b.iii.
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A1
Note: Accept equivalent single diagrams, such as the one above,
where the 4th and 5th triangular numbers and the 5th square
number are clearly shown.
Award A1 for a diagram that show 𝑃3 4 (a triangle with 10 dots) and
𝑃3 5 (a triangle with 15 dots) and 𝑃4 5 (a square with 25 dots).
[1 mark]
c. METHOD 1 8𝑃3 𝑛 + 1 = 8
𝑛𝑛 + 1
2
+1 = 4𝑛𝑛 + 1 + 1 A1
attempts to expand their expression for 8𝑃3 𝑛 + 1 (M1)
= 4𝑛2 + 4𝑛 + 1 = 2𝑛 + 12 A1 and 2𝑛 + 1 is odd AG
METHOD 2
8𝑃3 𝑛 + 1 = 8𝑛 + 12 - 𝑃3 𝑛 + 1 + 1 = 8𝑛 + 12 -
𝑛 + 1𝑛 + 2
2
+1 A1
attempts to expand their expression for 8𝑃3 𝑛 + 1 (M1)
8𝑛2 + 2𝑛 + 1 - 4𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 2 + 1 = 4𝑛2 + 4𝑛 + 1 = 2𝑛 + 12 A1
and 2𝑛 + 1 is odd AG Method 3
8𝑃3 𝑛 + 1 = 8
𝑛𝑛 + 1
2
+1 = 𝐴𝑛 + 𝐵2 (where 𝐴, 𝐵 ∈ ℤ+ ) A1
attempts to expand their expression for 8𝑃3 𝑛 + 1 (M1)
4𝑛2 + 4𝑛 + 1 = 𝐴2 𝑛2 + 2𝐴𝐵𝑛 + 𝐵2
now equates coefficients and obtains 𝐵 = 1 and 𝐴 = 2
= 2𝑛 + 12 A1 and 2𝑛 + 1 is odd AG [3 marks]
d. EITHER 𝑢1 = 1 and 𝑑 = 3 (A1)
substitutes their 𝑢1 and their 𝑑 into 𝑃5 𝑛 = 2 2𝑢1 + 𝑛 - 1𝑑
𝑛
M1
𝑛
𝑃5 𝑛 = 2 2 + 3𝑛 - 1
𝑛
= 2 2 + 3𝑛 - 3 A1 OR
𝑢1 = 1 and 𝑢𝑛 = 3𝑛 - 2 (A1)
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substitutes their 𝑢1 and their 𝑢𝑛 into 𝑃5 𝑛 = 2 𝑢1 + 𝑢𝑛
𝑛
M1
𝑛
𝑃5 𝑛 = 2 1 + 3𝑛 - 2 A1 OR
𝑃5 𝑛 = 31 - 2 + 32 - 2 + 33 - 2 + … 3𝑛 - 2
𝑃5 𝑛 = 31 + 32 + 33 + … + 3𝑛 - 2𝑛 = 31 + 2 + 3 + … + 𝑛 - 2𝑛
(A1)
substitutes
𝑛𝑛 + 1
2
into their expression for 𝑃5 𝑛 M1
𝑃5 𝑛 = 3
𝑛𝑛 + 1
2
- 2𝑛
𝑛
𝑃5 𝑛 = 2 3𝑛 + 1 - 4 A1 OR
attempts to find the arithmetic mean of 𝑛 terms (M1)
=
1 + 3𝑛 - 2
2
A1
multiplies the above expression by the number of terms 𝑛
𝑛
𝑃5 𝑛 = 1 + 3𝑛 - 2
2
A1 THEN so 𝑃5 𝑛 =
𝑛3𝑛 - 1
2
AG
[3 marks]
e. METHOD 1
forms a table of 𝑃3 𝑛 values that includes some values for 𝑛 > 5
(M1)
forms a table of 𝑃5 𝑚 values that includes some values for 𝑚 > 5
(M1)
Note: Award (M1) if at least one 𝑃3𝑛 value is correct. Award (M1) if at
least one 𝑃5 𝑚 value is correct. Accept as above for 𝑛2 + 𝑛 values
and 3𝑚2 - 𝑚 values.
𝑛 = 20 for triangular numbers (A1)
𝑚 = 12 for pentagonal numbers (A1)
Note: Award (A1) if 𝑛 = 20 is seen in or out of a table. Award (A1) if
𝑚 = 12 is seen in or out of a table. Condone the use of the same
parameter for triangular numbers and pentagonal numbers, for
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example, 𝑛 = 20 for triangular numbers and 𝑛 = 12 for pentagonal
numbers.
210 (is a triangular number and a pentagonal number) A1
Note: Award all five marks for 210 seen anywhere with or without
working shown.
METHOD 2 EITHER
attempts to express 𝑃3 𝑛 = 𝑃5 𝑚 as a quadratic in 𝑛 (M1)
𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 𝑚 - 3𝑚2 = 0 (or equivalent)
attempts to solve their quadratic in 𝑛 (M1)
𝑛=
-1 ± √12𝑚2 - 4𝑚 + 1
=
-1 ± √12 - 4𝑚 - 3𝑚2 OR
2 2
attempts to express 𝑃3 𝑛 = 𝑃5 𝑚 as a quadratic in 𝑚 (M1)
3𝑚2 - 𝑚 - 𝑛2 + 𝑛 = 0 (or equivalent)
attempts to solve their quadratic in 𝑚 (M1)
𝑚=
1 ± √12𝑛2 - 12𝑛 + 1
=
1 ± √-12 + 12𝑛2 + 𝑛 THEN
6 6
𝑛 = 20 for triangular numbers (A1)
𝑚 = 12 for pentagonal numbers (A1)
210 (is a triangular number and a pentagonal number) A1
METHOD 3 𝑛𝑛 + 1
2
=
𝑚3𝑚 - 1
2
let 𝑛 = 𝑚 + 𝑘 𝑛 > 𝑚 and so 3𝑚2 - 𝑚 = 𝑚 + 𝑘𝑚 + 𝑘 + 1 M1
2𝑚2 - 2𝑘 + 1𝑚 - 𝑘2 + 𝑘 = 0 A1
attempts to find the discriminant of their quadratic
and recognises that this must be a perfect square M1
Δ = 4𝑘 + 12 + 8𝑘2 + 𝑘 𝑁2 = 4𝑘 + 12 + 8𝑘2 + 𝑘 = 4𝑘 + 13𝑘 + 1
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determines that 𝑘 = 8 leading to 2𝑚2 - 18𝑚 - 72 = 0 ⇒ 𝑚 = - 3, 12
and so 𝑚 = 12 A1
210 (is a triangular number and a pentagonal number) A1
METHOD 4 𝑛𝑛 + 1
2
=
𝑚3𝑚 - 1
2
let 𝑚 = 𝑛 - 𝑘 𝑚 < 𝑛 and so 𝑛2 + 𝑛 = 𝑛 - 𝑘3𝑛 - 𝑘 - 1 M1
2𝑛2 - 23𝑘 + 1𝑛 + 3𝑘2 + 𝑘 = 0 A1
attempts to find the discriminant of their quadratic
and recognises that this must be a perfect square M1
Δ = 43𝑘 + 12 - 83𝑘2 + 𝑘 𝑁2 = 43𝑘 + 12 - 83𝑘2 + 𝑘 = 4𝑘 + 13𝑘 + 1
determines that 𝑘 = 8 leading to 2𝑛2 - 50𝑛 + 200 = 0 ⇒ 𝑛 = 5, 20 and
so 𝑛 = 20 A1
210 (is a triangular number and a pentagonal number) A1
[5 marks]
f.
Note: Award a maximum of R1M0M0A1M1A1A1R0 for a ‘correct’ proof
using 𝑛 and 𝑛 + 1.
𝑟 - 212 - 𝑟 - 41
consider 𝑛 = 1: 𝑃𝑟 1 = 1 + 1 - 1𝑟 - 2 = 1 and 𝑃𝑟 1 = =1
2
so true for 𝑛 = 1 R1
𝑟 - 212 - 𝑟 - 41
Note: Accept 𝑃𝑟1 = 1 and 𝑃𝑟1 = = 1.
2
Do not accept one-sided considerations such as '𝑃𝑟 1 = 1 and so true
for 𝑛 = 1'.
Subsequent marks after this R1 are independent of this mark can
be awarded.
𝑟 - 2𝑘2 - 𝑟 - 4𝑘
Assume true for 𝑛 = 𝑘, ie. 𝑃𝑟 𝑘 =
2
M1
Note: Award M0 for statements such as “let 𝑛 = 𝑘 ”. The assumption
of truth must be clear.
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Subsequent marks after this M1 are independent of this mark and can
be awarded.
Consider 𝑛 = 𝑘 + 1: (𝑃𝑟 𝑘 + 1 can be represented by the sum
𝑘+1 𝑘
Σ 1 + 𝑚 - 1𝑟 - 2 = Σ 1 + 𝑚 - 1𝑟 - 2 + 1 + 𝑘𝑟 - 2 and so
𝑚=1 𝑚=1
𝑟 - 2𝑘2 - 𝑟 - 4𝑘
𝑃𝑟 𝑘 + 1 =
2
+ 1 + 𝑘𝑟 - 2 𝑃𝑟 𝑘 + 1 = 𝑃𝑟 𝑘 + 1 + 𝑘𝑟 - 2 M1
=
𝑟 - 2𝑘2 - 𝑟 - 4𝑘 + 2 + 2𝑘𝑟 - 2
2
A1 =
𝑟 - 2𝑘2 + 2𝑘 - 𝑟 - 4𝑘 + 2
2
𝑟 - 2𝑘2 + 2𝑘 + 1 - 𝑟 - 2 - 𝑟 - 4𝑘 + 2 𝑟 - 2𝑘 + 12 - 𝑟 - 4𝑘 - 𝑟 - 4
=
2
M1 =
2
(A1)
=
𝑟 - 2𝑘 + 12 - 𝑟 - 4𝑘 + 1
2
A1
hence true for 𝑛 = 1 and 𝑛 = 𝑘 true ⇒ 𝑛 = 𝑘 + 1 true R1
therefore true for all 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+
Note: Only award the final R1 if the first five marks have been
awarded. Award marks as appropriate for solutions that expand both
the LHS and (given) RHS of the equation.
[8 marks]
22M.3.AHL.TZ1.2
a.i.
4-i A1
[1 mark]
a.ii.
1
mean = 2 4 + i + 4 - i A1 =4 AG [1 mark]
b. METHOD 1 attempts product rule differentiation (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for attempting to express 𝑓𝑥 as
𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥3 - 9𝑥2 + 25𝑥 - 17
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𝑓'𝑥 = 𝑥 - 12𝑥 - 8 + 𝑥2 - 8𝑥 + 17 𝑓'𝑥 = 3𝑥2 - 18𝑥 + 25 A1
𝑓'4 = 1 A1
Note: Where 𝑓'𝑥 is correct, award A1 for solving 𝑓'𝑥 = 1 and
obtaining 𝑥 = 4.
𝑦 - 3 = 1𝑥 - 4 A1 𝑦=𝑥+𝑐
EITHER OR
3=4+𝑐⇒𝑐= -1 A1
OR
states the gradient of 𝑦 = 𝑥 - 1 is also 1 and verifies that 4, 3 lies on
the line 𝑦 = 𝑥 - 1 A1
so 𝑦 = 𝑥 - 1 is the tangent to the curve at A4, 3 AG
THEN
Note: Award a maximum of (M0)A0A1A1 to a candidate who does
not attempt to find 𝑓'𝑥.
METHOD 2
sets 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥 - 1 to form 𝑥 - 1 = 𝑥 - 1𝑥2 - 8𝑥 + 17 (M1)
EITHER
𝑥 - 1𝑥2 - 8𝑥 + 16 = 0 𝑥3 - 9𝑥2 + 24𝑥 - 16 = 0 A1
attempts to solve a correct cubic equation (M1)
𝑥 - 1𝑥 - 42 = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 1, 4
OR
recognises that 𝑥 ≠ 1 and forms 𝑥2 - 8𝑥 + 17 = 1 𝑥2 - 8𝑥 + 16 = 0
A1
attempts to solve a correct quadratic equation (M1)
𝑥 - 42 = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 4 𝑥 = 4 is a double root R1
THEN
so 𝑦 = 𝑥 - 1 is the tangent to the curve at A4, 3 AG
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Note: Candidates using this method are not required to verify that
𝑦 = 3.
[4 marks]
c.
a positive cubic with an 𝑥-intercept 𝑥 = 1, and a local maximum and
local minimum in the first quadrant both positioned to the left of A
A1
Note: As the local minimum and point A are very close to each other,
condone graphs that seem to show these points coinciding.
For the point of tangency, accept labels such as A, 4, 3 or the
point labelled from both axes. Coordinates are not required.
a correct sketch of the tangent passing through A and crossing the 𝑥
-axis at the same point 𝑥 = 1 as the curve A1
Note: Award A1A0 if both graphs cross the 𝑥-axis at distinctly
different points.
[2 marks]
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d.i. EITHER 𝑔'𝑥 = 𝑥 - 𝑟2𝑥 - 2𝑎 + 𝑥2 - 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 (M1)A1
OR
𝑔𝑥 = 𝑥3 - 2𝑎 + 𝑟𝑥2 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 + 2𝑎𝑟𝑥 - 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 𝑟
attempts to find 𝑔'𝑥 M1 𝑔'𝑥 = 3𝑥2 - 22𝑎 + 𝑟𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 + 2𝑎𝑟
= 2𝑥2 - 2𝑎 + 𝑟𝑥 + 2𝑎𝑟 + 𝑥2 - 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 A1
= 2𝑥2 - 𝑎𝑥 - 𝑟𝑥 + 𝑎𝑟 + 𝑥2 - 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2
THEN
𝑔'𝑥 = 2𝑥 - 𝑟𝑥 - 𝑎 + 𝑥2 - 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 AG [2 marks]
d.ii. METHOD 1 𝑔𝑎 = 𝑏2 𝑎 - 𝑟 (A1) 𝑔'𝑎 = 𝑏2 (A1)
attempts to substitute their 𝑔𝑎 and 𝑔'𝑎 into 𝑦 - 𝑔𝑎 = 𝑔'𝑎𝑥 - 𝑎 M1
𝑦 - 𝑏2 𝑎 - 𝑟 = 𝑏2 𝑥 - 𝑎 𝑦 = 𝑏2 𝑥 - 𝑟 𝑦 = 𝑏2 𝑥 - 𝑏2 𝑟 A1
EITHER
sets 𝑦 = 0 so 𝑏2 𝑥 - 𝑟 = 0 M1
𝑏 > 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑟 OR 𝑏 ≠ 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑟 R1
OR
sets 𝑦 = 0 so -𝑏2 𝑎 - 𝑟 = 𝑏2 𝑥 - 𝑎 M1
𝑏 > 0 OR 𝑏 ≠ 0 ⇒ - 𝑎 - 𝑟 = 𝑥 - 𝑎 R1 𝑥=𝑟 A1
THEN
so the tangent intersects the 𝑥-axis at the point R𝑟, 0 AG
METHOD 2 𝑔'𝑎 = 𝑏2 (A1) 𝑔𝑎 = 𝑏2 𝑎 - 𝑟 (A1)
attempts to substitute their 𝑔𝑎 and 𝑔'𝑎 into 𝑦 = 𝑔'𝑎𝑥 + 𝑐 and
attempts to find 𝑐 M1
𝑐 = - 𝑏2 𝑟 𝑦 = 𝑏2 𝑥 - 𝑟 𝑦 = 𝑏2 𝑥 - 𝑏2 𝑟 A1
EITHER
sets 𝑦 = 0 so 𝑏2 𝑥 - 𝑟 = 0 M1
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𝑏 > 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑟 OR 𝑏 ≠ 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑟 R1
OR
sets 𝑦 = 0 so 𝑏2 𝑥 - 𝑟 = 0 M1 𝑏 > 0 OR 𝑏 ≠ 0 ⇒ 𝑥 - 𝑟 = 0 R1
𝑥=𝑟 A1 METHOD 3 𝑔'𝑎 = 𝑏2 (A1)
the line through 𝑅𝑟, 0 parallel to the tangent at A has equation
𝑦 = 𝑏2 𝑥 - 𝑟 A1
sets 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑏2 𝑥 - 𝑟 to form 𝑏2 𝑥 - 𝑟 = 𝑥 - 𝑟𝑥2 - 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 M1
𝑏2 = 𝑥2 - 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 , 𝑥 ≠ 𝑟 A1 𝑥 - 𝑎2 = 0 A1
since there is a double root 𝑥 = 𝑎, this parallel line through 𝑅𝑟, 0 is
the required tangent at A R1
[6 marks]
e. EITHER 𝑔'𝑎 = 𝑏2 ⇒ 𝑏 = √𝑔'𝑎 (since 𝑏 > 0) R1
OR
Note: Accept 𝑏 = ± √𝑔'𝑎.
𝑎 ± 𝑏i=𝑎 ± i√𝑏2 and 𝑔'𝑎 = 𝑏2 R1
THEN
hence the complex roots can be expressed as 𝑎 ± i√𝑔'𝑎 AG
[1 mark]
f.i. 𝑏 = 4 (seen anywhere) A1
EITHER
attempts to find the gradient of the tangent in terms of 𝑎 and
equates to 16 (M1)
OR
substitutes 𝑟 = - 2, 𝑥 = 𝑎 and 𝑦 = 80 to form
80 = 𝑎 - -2𝑎2 - 2𝑎2 + 𝑎2 + 16 (M1)
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substitutes 𝑟 = - 2, 𝑥 = 𝑎 and 𝑦 = 80 into 𝑦 = 16𝑥 - 𝑟 (M1)
OR
80
= 16 ⇒ 𝑎 = 3
THEN 𝑎+2
roots are -2 (seen anywhere) and 3 ± 4i A1A1
Note: Award A1 for -2 and A1 for 3 ± 4i. Do not accept coordinates.
[4 marks]
f.ii. 3, -4 A1 Note: Accept “𝑥 = 3 and 𝑦 = − 4”.
Do not award A1FT for ( 𝑎, − 4 ) .
[1 mark]
g.i. 𝑔'𝑥 = 2𝑥 - 𝑟𝑥 - 𝑎 + 𝑥2 - 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2
attempts to find 𝑔 '' 𝑥 M1
𝑔 '' 𝑥 = 2𝑥 - 𝑎 + 2𝑥 - 𝑟 + 2𝑥 - 2𝑎 = 6𝑥 - 2𝑟 - 4𝑎
sets 𝑔 '' 𝑥 = 0 and correctly solves for 𝑥 A1
for example, obtaining 𝑥 - 𝑟 + 2𝑥 - 𝑎 = 0 leading to 3𝑥 = 2𝑎 + 𝑟
so 𝑥 = 2𝑎 + 𝑟
3
1
AG
Note: Do not award A1 if the answer does not lead to the AG.
[2 marks]
g.ii.
2
point P is of the horizontal distance (way) from point R to point A
3
A1
Note: Accept equivalent numerical statements or a clearly labelled
diagram displaying the numerical relationship.
Award A0 for non-numerical statements such as “P is between R and
A, closer to A”.
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[1 mark]
h.i. 𝑦 = 𝑥 - 1𝑥2 - 2𝑥 + 5 (A1)
a positive cubic with no stationary points and a non-stationary point
of inflexion at 𝑥 = 1 A1
Note: Graphs may appear approximately linear. Award this A1 if a
change of concavity either side of 𝑥 = 1 is apparent.
Coordinates are not required and the 𝑦-intercept need not be
indicated.
[2 marks]
h.ii. 𝑟, 0 A1 [1 mark]
17M.2.SL.TZ1.S_10
a.i.
𝑞=2 A1 N1
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Note: Accept 𝑞 = 1, ℎ = 0, and 𝑘 = 3 − ln(2), 2.31 as candidate
may have rewritten 𝑔(𝑥) as equal to 3 + ln(𝑥) − ln(2).
[1 mark]
a.ii. ℎ=0 A1 N1
Note: Accept 𝑞 = 1, ℎ = 0, and 𝑘 = 3 − ln(2), 2.31 as candidate
may have rewritten 𝑔(𝑥) as equal to 3 + ln(𝑥) − ln(2).
[1 mark]
a.iii. 𝑘=3 A1 N1
Note: Accept 𝑞 = 1, ℎ = 0, and 𝑘 = 3 − ln(2), 2.31 as candidate
may have rewritten 𝑔(𝑥) as equal to 3 + ln(𝑥) − ln(2).
[1 mark]
b.i. 2.72409 2.72 A2 N2 [2 marks]
b.ii. recognizing area between 𝑦 = 𝑥 and ℎ equals 2.72 (M1)
eg
recognizing graphs of ℎ and ℎ−1 are reflections of each other in 𝑦 = 𝑥
(M1)
egarea between 𝑦 = 𝑥 and ℎ equals between 𝑦 = 𝑥 and ℎ−1
3.31
2 × 2.72 ∫0.111 ( 𝑥 − ℎ−1 (𝑥) ) d𝑥 = 2.72 5.44819 5.45 A1 N3
[??? marks]
c. valid attempt to find 𝑑 (M1)
egdifference in 𝑦-coordinates, 𝑑 = ℎ(𝑥) − 𝑥
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correct expression for 𝑑 (A1) 1
eg ( ln2 𝑥 + 3 ) (cos0.1𝑥) − 𝑥
valid approach to find when 𝑑 is a maximum (M1)
egmax on sketch of 𝑑, attempt to solve 𝑑′ = 0 0.973679
𝑥 = 0.974 A2 N4 substituting their 𝑥 value into ℎ(𝑥) (M1)
2.26938 𝑦 = 2.27 A1 N2 [7 marks]
EXM.1.AHL.TZ0.4
a.
2
𝑥2 + 6𝑥 + 10 = 𝑥2 + 6𝑥 + 9 + 1 = ( 𝑥 + 3 ) + 1 M1A1
So the denominator is never zero and thus there are no vertical
asymptotes. (or use of discriminant is negative) R1
[3 marks]
b.
𝑥 → ± ∞,𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) → 0 so the equation of the horizontal asymptote is
𝑦 = 0 M1A1
[2 marks]
c.
1
∫
𝑥2
2𝑥 + 6
+ 6𝑥 + 10
1
𝑑𝑥 = [ ln ( 𝑥2 + 6𝑥 + 10 ) ] 0 = ln17 − ln10 = ln
17
10
M1A1A1
0
[3 marks]
17N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_6
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
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let 𝑋 be the number of bananas eaten in one day
𝑋 ∼ Po(0.2)
P(𝑋 ⩾ 1) = 1 − P(𝑋 = 0) (M1)
= 0.181 ( = 1 − e−0.2 ) A1
[2 marks]
b. EITHER let 𝑌 be the number of bananas eaten in one week
Y ∼ Po(1.4) (A1) P(𝑌 = 0) = 0.246596 … ( = e−1.4 ) (A1) OR
let 𝑍 be the number of days in one week at least one banana is eaten
𝑍 ∼ B(7, 0.181 … ) (A1) P(𝑍 = 0) = 0.246596 … (A1) THEN
52 × 0.246596 … (M1) = 12.8 ( = 52e−1.4 ) A1 [4 marks]
EXM.1.AHL.TZ0.5
a.
𝑥 = 0 ⇒ 𝑦 = − 6 intercept on the 𝑦 axes is (0, −6) A1
2𝑥2 − 5𝑥 − 12 = 0 ⇒ ( 2𝑥 + 3 ) ( 𝑥 − 4 ) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 =
−3
2
or4 M1
intercepts on the 𝑥 axes are (
−3
2
,0 ) and ( 4,0 ) A1A1
[4 marks]
b. 𝑥= −2 A1 [1 mark]
c.
6
𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 9 + 𝑥 + 2 M1A1
So equation of asymptote is 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 9 M1A1 [4 marks]
EXM.1.AHL.TZ0.6
a.
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( 2𝑥 − 10 ) ( 𝑥 + 1 ) − ( 𝑥2 − 10𝑥 + 5 ) 1
′
𝑓 (𝑥) =
(𝑥 + 1)
2 M1
𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥2 + 2𝑥 − 15 = 0 ⇒ ( 𝑥 + 5 ) ( 𝑥 − 3 ) = 0 M1
Stationary points are ( −5, − 20 ) and ( 3, − 4 ) A1A1
[4 marks]
b. 𝑥= −1 A1 [1 mark]
c. Looking at the nature table
M1A1
( −5, − 20 ) is a max and ( 3, − 4 ) is a min A1A1 [4 marks]
SPM.1.SL.TZ0.5
a.
attempt to form composition M1
correct substitution 𝑔 (
𝑥+3
4
) = 8(
𝑥+3
4
) +5 A1
( 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 ) ( 𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 + 11 AG
[2 marks]
b. attempt to substitute 4 (seen anywhere) (M1)
correct equation 𝑎 = 2 × 4 + 11 (A1) 𝑎 = 19 A1 [3 marks]
18N.3.AHL.TZ0.HSRG_4
a.i.
( 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ) ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) = 𝑓 ( 𝑔 ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) ) ( = 𝑓 ( ( 𝑥𝑦, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ) ) ) (M1)
= ( 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑥 − 𝑦 ) A1A1
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[3 marks]
a.ii. ( 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 ) ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) = 𝑔 ( 𝑓 ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) ) = 𝑔 ( ( 𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑥 − 𝑦 ) )
= ( (𝑥 + 𝑦) (𝑥 − 𝑦),𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑥 − 𝑦) = ( 𝑥2 − 𝑦2 ,2𝑥 ) A1A1
[2 marks]
b. no because 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ≠ 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 R1 Note: Accept counter example.
[1 mark]
c. 𝑓 ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) = ( 𝑎,𝑏 ) ⇒ ( 𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑥 − 𝑦 ) = ( 𝑎,𝑏 ) (M1)
𝑥=
𝑎+𝑏 𝑓−1 ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) = (
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥−𝑦
, ) A1
(M1)
2 2 2
{ 𝑎−𝑏
𝑦=
2
[3 marks]
19M.2.SL.TZ1.T_4
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
3 2
1 1 1
𝑓( 2 ) = ( 2 ) − 5( 2 ) + 6( 2 ) − 3
1 1
1
(2)
(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into given function.
7
8
( 0.875 ) (A1)(G2)
[2 marks]
7
b.i.
(M1)
0− 8
1
0− 2
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into gradient formula.
7 1
Accept equivalent forms such as = 𝑚.
8 2
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7
4
(1.75) (A1)(ft) 7
𝑃 ( 𝑥 ) = 4 𝑥 ( 1.75𝑥 ) (A1)(ft)(G3)
Note: Follow through from part (a). [3 marks]
b.ii. 0<𝑥<
1
2
(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for both endpoints correct, (A1) for correct
mathematical notation indicating an interval with two endpoints.
Accept weak inequalities. Award at most (A1)(A0) for incorrect
notation such as 0 − 0.5 or a written description of the domain with
correct endpoints. Award at most (A1)(A0) for 0 < 𝑦 < .
1
2
[2 marks]
c. (0.360, 1.34) ((0.359947…, 1.33669)) (A1)(A1)
(3.63, 1.01) ((3.63066…, 1.00926…)) (A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1)(A1) for each correct coordinate pair. Accept
correct answers in the form of 𝑥 = 0.360, 𝑦 = 1.34 etc. Award at most
(A0)(A1)(A1)(A1)ft if one or both parentheses are omitted.
[4 marks]
d. 𝑔 ( 0 ) = 0.5 ( 3 ) 0 + 1 (M1) 1.5 (km) (A1)(G2) [2 marks]
e. domain given as 𝑥 > 0 (but equation of road is 𝑥 = 0) (R1)
OR
(equation of road is 𝑥 = 0) the function of the river is asymptotic to
𝑥=0 (R1)
so it does not meet the river (A1)
Note: Award the (R1) for a correct mathematical statement about
the equation of the river (and the equation of the road). Justification
must be based on mathematical reasoning. Do not award (R0)(A1).
[2 marks]
16N.1.SL.TZ0.T_9
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a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
𝑥=3 (A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: Award (A1) for 𝑥 = constant, (A1) for the constant being 3.
The answer must be an equation.
[2 marks]
b.
−𝑏
2( − 1)
=3 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into axis of symmetry
formula.
OR 𝑏 − 2𝑥 = 0 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correctly differentiating and equating to
zero.
OR 𝑐 + 𝑏( − 1) − ( − 1)2 = 0 (or equivalent)
𝑐 + 𝑏(3) − (3)2 = 16 (or equivalent) (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of ( − 1, 0) and (3, 16) in
the original quadratic function.
(𝑏 = ) 6 (A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Follow through from part (a). [2 marks]
c. ( − ∞, 16] OR ] − ∞, 16] (A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for two correct interval endpoints, (A1) for left
endpoint excluded and right endpoint included.
[2 marks]
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18N.2.SL.TZ0.T_4
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
(A1)(A1)(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for axis labels and some indication of scale; accept
y or f(x).
Use of graph paper is not required. If no scale is given, assume the
given window for zero and minimum point.
Award (A1) for smooth curve with correct general shape.
Award (A1) for x-intercept closer to y-axis than to end of sketch.
Award (A1) for correct local minimum with x-coordinate closer to y-
axis than end of sketch and y-coordinate less than half way to top of
sketch.
Award at most (A1)(A0)(A1)(A1) if the sketch intersects the y-axis or if
the sketch curves away from the y-axis as x approaches zero.
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[4 marks]
b.iii. y = −9.25x + 20.3 (y = −9.25x + 20.25) (A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for −9.25x, award (A1) for +20.25, award a
maximum of (A0)(A1) if answer is not an equation.
[2 marks]
c. correct line, y = 10x + 40, seen on sketch (A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for straight line with positive gradient, award (A1)
for x-intercept and y-intercept in approximately the correct
positions. Award at most (A0)(A1) if ruler not used. If the straight line
is drawn on different axes to part (a), award at most (A0)(A1).
[2 marks]
19N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_10
a.i.
attempt to use quotient rule (or equivalent) (M1)
( 𝑥2 − 1 ) ( 2 ) − ( 2𝑥 − 4 ) ( 2𝑥 )
′
𝑓 (𝑥) =
( 𝑥2 − 1 )
2 A1
−2𝑥2 + 8𝑥 − 2
= 2
( 𝑥2 − 1 )
[2 marks]
a.ii. 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) = 0
simplifying numerator (may be seen in part (i)) (M1)
⇒ 𝑥2 − 4𝑥 + 1 = 0 or equivalent quadratic equation A1
EITHER use of quadratic formula ⇒𝑥=
4 ± √12
A1 OR
2
use of completing the square (𝑥−2)2 = 3 A1 THEN
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𝑥 = 2 − √3 (since 2 + √3 is outside the domain) AG
Note: Do not condone verification that 𝑥 = 2 − √3 ⇒ 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) = 0.
Do not award the final A1 as follow through from part (i).
[3 marks]
b.i. (0, 4) A1 [1 mark]
b.ii. 2𝑥 − 4 = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 2 A1 outside the domain R1
[2 marks]
b.iii.
A1A1
award A1 for concave up curve over correct domain with one
minimum point in the first quadrant
award A1 for approaching 𝑥 = ± 1 asymptotically
[2 marks]
c.
valid attempt to combine fractions (using common denominator)
M1
3(𝑥 − 1) − (𝑥 + 1)
(𝑥 + 1) (𝑥 − 1)
A1 =
3𝑥 − 3 − 𝑥 − 1
𝑥2 −1
=
2𝑥 − 4
𝑥2 − 1
AG [2 marks]
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d. 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 4 ⇒ 2𝑥 − 4 = 4𝑥2 − 4 M1 (𝑥 = 0 or) 𝑥 =
1
2
A1
1 1
area under the curve is ∫0 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) d𝑥
2
M1 = ∫0 2 3
𝑥+1
−
1
𝑥−1
d𝑥
Note: Ignore absence of, or incorrect limits up to this point.
= [ 3ln|𝑥 + 1| − ln|𝑥 − 1|] 0
1
2
A1
3 1
= 3ln 2 − ln 2 ( −0 ) = ln 4
27
A1
1 1 1 27
area is 2 − ∫0 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) d𝑥 or ∫0 4d𝑥 − ∫0 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) d𝑥
2 2 2 M1 = 2 − ln 4
= ln 27
4e2
A1 ( ⇒𝑣=
4e2
) [7 marks]
27
19M.1.AHL.TZ2.H_11
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
translation 𝑘 units to the left (or equivalent) A1
[1 mark]
b. range is ( 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) ∈ ) 𝑅 A1 [1 mark]
c.
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correct shape of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) A1
their 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) translated 𝑘 units to left (possibly shown by 𝑥 = − 𝑘
marked on 𝑥-axis) A1
asymptote included and marked as 𝑥 = − 𝑘 A1
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) intersects 𝑥-axis at 𝑥 = − 1, 𝑥 = 1 A1
𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) intersects 𝑥-axis at 𝑥 = − 𝑘 − 1, 𝑥 = − 𝑘 + 1 A1
𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) intersects 𝑦-axis at 𝑦 = ln𝑘 A1
Note: Do not penalise candidates if their graphs “cross” as 𝑥 → ± ∞.
Note: Do not award FT marks from the candidate’s part (a) to part
(c).
[6 marks]
d. at P ln ( 𝑥 + 𝑘 ) = ln ( −𝑥 )
attempt to solve 𝑥 + 𝑘 = − 𝑥 (or equivalent) (M1)
𝑘 𝑘
𝑥 = − 2 ⇒ 𝑦 = ln ( 2 ) (or 𝑦 = ln| 2 |)
𝑘
A1
𝑘 𝑘 𝑘
P ( − , ln ) (or P ( − , ln| | ) )
2 2 2 2
𝑘
[2 marks]
17M.2.AHL.TZ1.H_12
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
𝑥2 − 1 > 0 (M1)
𝑥 < − 1 or 𝑥 > 1 A1
[2 marks]
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b. shape A1
𝑥 = 1 and 𝑥 = − 1 A1 𝑥-intercepts A1 [3 marks]
c. EITHER 𝑓 is symmetrical about the 𝑦-axis R1 OR
𝑓( − 𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) R1 [1 mark]
d. EITHER 𝑓 is not one-to-one function R1 OR
horizontal line cuts twice R1
Note: Accept any equivalent correct statement. [1 mark]
e. 𝑥 = − 1 + ln( √𝑦2 − 1 ) M1 e2𝑥 + 2 = 𝑦2 − 1 M1
𝑔−1 (𝑥) = √e2𝑥 + 2 + 1, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 A1A1 [4 marks]
f. 𝑔′ (𝑥) =
1
√𝑥2 −1
×
2𝑥
2√𝑥2 −1
M1A1 𝑔′ (𝑥) =
𝑥2
𝑥
−1
A1 [3 marks]
g.i. 𝑔′ (𝑥) =
𝑥2
𝑥
−1
=0⇒𝑥=0 M1
which is not in the domain of 𝑔 (hence no solutions to 𝑔′ (𝑥) = 0)
R1
[2 marks]
g.ii. (𝑔−1 )′ (𝑥) =
e2𝑥 + 2
√e2𝑥 + 2 + 1
M1
as e2𝑥 + 2 > 0 ⇒ (𝑔−1 )′ (𝑥) > 0 so no solutions to (𝑔−1 )′ (𝑥) = 0 R1
Note: Accept: equation e2𝑥 + 2 = 0 has no solutions. [2 marks]
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19M.2.SL.TZ2.T_6
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
12 × 3
5
950 × ( 1 + 12 × 100 ) (M1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution in the compound interest formula:
(A1) for correct substitution.
OR
N=3
I% = 5
PV = 950
P/Y = 1
C/Y = 12 (A1)(M1)
Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 12 seen, (M1) for other correct entries.
OR
N = 36
I% = 5
PV = 950
P/Y = 12
C/Y = 12 (A1)(M1)
Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 12 seen, (M1) for other correct entries.
1103.40 (EUR) (A1)(G3)
Note: Answer must be given to 2 decimal places.
[3 marks]
b. (20 × 3 + 1100) − 1103.40 (M1)(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into cost of bike function,
(M1) for subtracting their answer to part (a). This subtraction may be
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implied by their final answer (follow through from their part (a) for
this implied subtraction).
55.60 (EUR) (A1)(ft)(G3)
Note: Follow through from part (a). The answer must be two decimal
places.
[3 marks]
c. METHOD 1 950 × ( 1 +
5
)
12𝑥
= 20𝑥 + 1100 (M1)(M1)
12 × 100
Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution in the compound
interest formula with a variable in the exponent; (M1) for comparing
their expressions provided variables are the same (not an expression
with 𝑥 for years and another with 𝑥 representing months). Award at
most (M0)(M1)(A0)(M1)(A0) for substitution of an integer in both
expressions and comparison of the results. Accept inequality.
(𝑥 =) 4.52157… (years) (A1)(ft) 4.52157… × 12 (= 54.2588…) (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for multiplying their value for 𝑥 by 12. This may be
implied.
𝑚 = 55 (months) (A1)(ft)(G4) METHOD 2
𝑚
950 × ( 1 +
5
12 × 100
)
𝑚
= 20 × 12 + 1100 (M1)(M1)(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution in the compound
interest formula with a variable in the exponent to solve; (M1) for
comparing their expressions provided variables are the same; (M1)
for converting years to months in these expressions. Award at most
(M0)(M1)(A0)(M1)(A0) for substitution of an integer in both
expressions and comparison of the results. Accept inequality.
𝑚 = 54.2588… (months) (A1)(ft) 𝑚 = 55 (months) (A1)(ft)(G4)
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METHOD 3
(M1)(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for each graph drawn.
(𝑥 =) 4.52157… (years) (A1)(ft) 4.52157… × 12 (= 54.2588…) (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for multiplying their value for 𝑥 by 12. This may be
implied.
If the graphs drawn are in terms of months, leading to a value of
54.2588…, award (M1)(M1)(M1)(A1), consistent with METHOD 2.
𝑚 = 55 (months) (A1)(ft)(G4)
Note: Follow through for a compound interest formula consistent
with their part (a). The final (A1)(ft) can only be awarded for correct
answer, or their correct answer following through from previous
parts and only if value is rounded up. For example, do not award
(M0)(M0)(A0)(M1)(A1)(ft) for an unsupported “5 years × 12 = 60” or
similar.
[5 marks]
20N.1.SL.TZ0.S_5
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
METHOD 1 – (discriminant)
correct expression for 𝑔 (A1)
eg --𝑥2 + 4𝑥 + 5 + 𝑘 , 𝑥2 - 4𝑥 - 5 + 𝑘 = 0
evidence of discriminant (M1)
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eg 𝑏2 - 4𝑎𝑐, Δ
correct substitution into discriminant of 𝑔 (A1)
eg -42 - 41-5 + 𝑘 , 16 - 4𝑘 - 5
recognizing discriminant is negative (M1)
eg Δ < 0 , -42 - 41-5 + 𝑘 < 0 , 16 < 4𝑘 - 5 , 16 - 4-15 < 0
correct working (must be correct inequality) (A1)
eg -4𝑘 < - 36 , 𝑘 - 5 > 4 , 16 + 20 - 4𝑘 < 0
𝑘>9 A1 N3
METHOD 2 – (transformation of vertex of 𝑓)
valid approach for finding 𝑓𝑥 vertex (M1)
𝑏
eg - 2𝑎 = 2 , 𝑓'𝑥 = 0
correct vertex of 𝑓𝑥 (A1)
eg 2, 9
correct vertex of -𝑓𝑥 (A1)
eg 2, -9
correct vertex of 𝑔𝑥 (A1)
2 0
eg + , 2, -9+𝑘
-9 𝑘
recognizing when vertex is above 𝑥-axis (M1)
eg -9 + 𝑘 > 0, sketch
𝑘>9 A1 N3
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METHOD 3 – (transformation of 𝑓)
recognizing vertical reflection of 𝑓𝑥 (M1)
eg -𝑓𝑥 , 𝑥2 - 4𝑥 - 5 , sketch
correct expression for 𝑔𝑥 (A1)
eg 𝑥2 - 4𝑥 - 5 + 𝑘
valid approach for finding vertex of 𝑔𝑥 (M1)
𝑏
eg - 2𝑎 = 2 , 𝑔'𝑥 = 0
correct 𝑦 coordinate of vertex of 𝑔𝑥 (A1)
eg 𝑦 = - 9 + 𝑘 , 2, -9+𝑘
recognizing when vertex is above 𝑥-axis (M1)
eg -9 + 𝑘 > 0 , sketch
𝑘>9 A1 N3
[6 marks]
20N.1.SL.TZ0.S_4
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
attempt to substitute coordinates (in any order) into 𝑓 (M1)
eg 𝑎 log3 13 - 4 = 7 , 𝑎 log3 7 - 4 = 13 , 𝑎 log 9 = 7
finding log3 9 = 2 (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg log3 9 = 2 , 2𝑎 = 7
𝑎=
7
2
A1 N2
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[3 marks]
b.
A1A1A1 N3
Note: Award A1 for correct shape of logarithmic function (must be
increasing and concave down).
Only if the shape is correct, award the following:
A1 for being asymptotic to 𝑥 = 4
A1 for curve including both points in circles.
[3 marks]
20N.2.SL.TZ0.S_1
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
attempt to substitute 𝑥 = 1 (M1)
50
eg 𝑓1, 12 + 1 + 1
52 (exact) A1 N2
[2 marks]
b. -4 . 04932 -4 . 05 A2 N2 [2 marks]
c. 2 . 76649, 28 . 4934 A2 . 77, 28 . 5 A1A1 N2 [2 marks]
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20N.2.SL.TZ0.S_4
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
attempt to form composite (in any order) (M1)
eg 𝑓ln 𝑥 , 𝑔4 - 𝑥3
𝑓 ∘ 𝑔𝑥 = 4 - ln 𝑥3 A1 N2
[2 marks]
b.i. valid approach using GDC (M1) eg 2 . 85056
, 2 . 85, 2 . 85
2 . 85 A1 N2 [2 marks]
b.ii. METHOD 1 – (using properties of functions)
recognizing inverse relationship (M1)
eg 𝑓𝑔2𝑎 = 𝑓𝑓-1 2𝑎 = 2𝑎 equating 2𝑎 to their 𝑥 from (i) (A1)
eg 2𝑎 = 2 . 85056 1 . 42528 𝑎 = 1 . 43 A1 N2
METHOD 2 – (finding inverse)
interchanging 𝑥 and 𝑦 (seen anywhere) (M1)
eg 𝑥 = 4 - 𝑦3 , 𝑓-1 𝑥 = 3√4 - 𝑥 correct working (A1)
eg √4 - 2𝑎 = ln2𝑎, sketch showing intersection of 𝑓 2𝑥 and 𝑔2𝑥
3 -1
1 . 42528 𝑎 = 1 . 43 A1 N2 [3 marks]
20N.1.SL.TZ0.T_11
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a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure. It appeared in a paper that
permitted the use of a calculator, and so might not be suitable for all forms
of practice.
𝑥= -2 - 4 OR 𝑥= -2 - 2 - -2 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct calculation of the left symmetrical
point.
𝑥= -6 (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
b.
(A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: Award (A1) for each correct row. [2 marks]
c. 𝑥> -2 OR 𝑥≥ -2 (A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: Award (A1) for -2 seen as part of an inequality, (A1) for
completely correct notation. Award (A1)(A1) for correct equivalent
statement in words, for example “decreasing when 𝑥 is greater than
negative 2”.
[2 marks]
20N.1.SL.TZ0.T_12
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure. It appeared in a paper that
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permitted the use of a calculator, and so might not be suitable for all forms
of practice.
0 = 𝐾 - 601 . 20 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correctly substituted function equated to zero.
𝐾= 60 (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
b.
the (vertical) speed that Jean-Pierre is approaching (as 𝑡 increases)
(A1) (C1)
OR
the limit of the (vertical) speed of Jean-Pierre (A1) (C1)
Note: Accept “maximum speed” or “terminal speed”. [1 mark]
c. 𝑆= 60 - 601 . 2-10 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correctly substituted function.
𝑆= 50 . 3096 … m s-1 (A1)(ft)
Note: Follow through from part (a).
181 km h-1 181 . 114 … km h-1 (A1)(ft) (C3)
Note: Award the final (A1)(ft) for correct conversion of their speed to
km h−1 .
[3 marks]
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16N.3.AHL.TZ0.HSRG_2
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
(i)
A1
Notes: Award A1 for general shape, labelled asymptotes, and
showing that 𝑥 ≠ 0.
graph shows that it is injective since it is increasing or by the
horizontal line test R1
graph shows that it is surjective by the horizontal line test R1
Note: Allow any convincing reasoning.
so 𝑓 is a bijection A1
(ii) closed since non-zero real times non-zero real equals non-zero
real A1R1
we know multiplication is associative R1
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identity is 1 A1
1
inverse of 𝑥 is (𝑥 ≠ 0)
𝑥
A1
hence it is a group AG
(iii) 𝐵 does not have an identity A2
hence it is not a group AG
1 1 1 1
(iv) 𝑓(1 × 1) = 𝑓(1) = whereas 𝑓(1) × 𝑓(1) = × = is one
2 2 2 4
counterexample A2
hence statement is not satisfied AG
[13 marks]
b.
award A1 for general shape going through (0, 1) and with domain 𝑅
A1
graph shows that it is injective since it is increasing or by the
horizontal line test and graph shows that it is surjective by the
horizontal line test R1
Note: Allow any convincing reasoning.
so 𝑔 is a bijection A1
(ii) 𝑔(𝑎 + 𝑏) = e𝑎 + 𝑏 and 𝑔(𝑎) × 𝑔(𝑏) = e𝑎 × e𝑏 = e𝑎 + 𝑏 M1A1
hence 𝑔(𝑎 + 𝑏) = 𝑔(𝑎) × 𝑔(𝑏) AG
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(iii) since 𝑔 is a bijection and the homomorphism rule is obeyed
R1R1
the two groups are isomorphic A1 [8 marks]
17N.1.SL.TZ0.S_3
A1A1A1 N3
Notes: Award A1 for both end points within circles,
A1 for images of (2, 3) and (0, 2) within circles,
A1 for approximately correct reflection in 𝑦 = 𝑥, concave up then
concave down shape (do not accept line segments).
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[3 marks]
17N.1.SL.TZ0.S_5
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
attempt to form composite (M1)
eg𝑔(1 + e−𝑥 )
correct function A1 N2
eg(𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥) = 2 + 𝑏 + 2e−𝑥 , 2(1 + e−𝑥 ) + 𝑏
[2 marks]
b. evidence of lim (2 + 𝑏 + 2e−𝑥 ) = 2 + 𝑏 + lim (2e−𝑥 )
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞
(M1)
eg2 + 𝑏 + 2e−∞ , graph with horizontal asymptote when 𝑥 → ∞
Note: Award M0 if candidate clearly has incorrect limit, such as
𝑥 → 0, e , 2e0 .
∞
evidence that e−𝑥 → 0 (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg lim (e−𝑥 ) = 0, 1 + e−𝑥 → 1, 2(1) + 𝑏 = − 3, elarge negative number → 0,
𝑥→∞
graph of 𝑦 = e−𝑥 or
𝑦 = 2e−𝑥 with asymptote 𝑦 = 0, graph of composite function with
asymptote 𝑦 = − 3
correct working (A1) eg2 + 𝑏 = − 3 𝑏 = − 5 A1 N2
[4 marks]
17M.2.SL.TZ2.S_3
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a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
correct interval A2 N2
eg0 ⩽ 𝑦 ⩽ 6, [0, 6], from 0 to 6
[2 marks]
c. correct interval A2 N2
eg−1 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 3, [ − 1, 3], from −1 to 3 [2 marks]
17M.2.SL.TZ2.S_6
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
attempt to form composite in either order (M1)
eg𝑓(𝑥2 − 2), (𝑥2 − 1)2 − 2
(𝑥4 − 4𝑥2 + 4) − 1 A1
(𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑥4 − 4𝑥2 + 3 AG N0
[2 marks]
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b. A1A1 N3
A1
Note: Award A1 for approximately correct shape which changes
from concave down to concave up. Only if this A1 is awarded, award
the following:
A1 for left hand endpoint in circle and right hand endpoint in oval,
A1 for minimum in oval. [3 marks]
c. evidence of identifying max/min as relevant points (M1)
eg𝑥 = 0, 1.41421, 𝑦 = − 1, 3
correct interval (inclusion/exclusion of endpoints must be correct)
A2 N3
eg−1 < 𝑘 ⩽ 3, ] −1, 3 ] , ( − 1, 3] [3 marks]
16N.1.SL.TZ0.S_1
(i) ℎ=2 A1 N1
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(ii) METHOD 1
valid attempt to find 𝑘 (M1)
eg𝑓(2)
correct substitution into their function (A1)
eg(2)2 − 4(2) + 5
𝑘=1 A1 N2
METHOD 2
valid attempt to complete the square (M1)
eg𝑥2 − 4𝑥 + 4
correct working (A1)
eg(𝑥2 − 4𝑥 + 4) − 4 + 5, (𝑥 − 2)2 + 1
𝑘=1 A1 N2
[4 marks]
18M.2.SL.TZ2.S_7
valid approach (M1)
8
eg lim𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) , 𝑦 = 𝑐
𝑥→∞
y = −4 (must be an equation) A1 N2
[2 marks]
20N.1.SL.TZ0.T_2
a.i.
the cost of each (large cheese) pizza / a pizza / one pizza / per pizza
(A1) (C1)
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Note: Award (A0) for “the cost of (large cheese) pizzas”. Do not
accept “the minimum cost of a pizza”.
[1 mark]
a.ii. the (fixed) delivery cost (A1) (C1)
[1 mark]
b. 2 (A1) (C1)
[1 mark]
c. 450 = 34 . 50𝑛 + 8 . 50 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for equating the cost equation to 450 (may be
stated as an inequality).
12 (A1)(ft) (C3)
12 . 8 12 . 7971 … (A1)
Note: The final answer must be an integer.
The final (A1)(ft) is awarded for rounding their answer down to a
whole number, provided their unrounded answer is seen.
[3 marks]
18N.2.SL.TZ0.S_3
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a.i.
valid method (M1)
eg 𝑓(0), sketch of graph
1
𝑦-intercept is − 3 (exact), −0.333, ( 0, − 3 )
1
A1 N2
[2 marks]
b. valid approach (M1)
eg recognizing that lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) is related to the horizontal
𝑥→∞
asymptote,
table with large values of 𝑥, their 𝑦 value from (a)(iii), L’Hopital’s rule
lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 3.
𝑥→∞
6𝑥 − 1
lim ( 2𝑥 + 3 ) = 3
𝑥→∞
A1 N2 [2 marks]
21M.1.SL.TZ1.1
a.i.
𝑓2 = 6 A1
[1 mark]
a.ii. 𝑓 ∘ 𝑓2 = - 2 A1 [1 mark]
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b.
M1A1A1
Note: Award M1 for an attempt to apply any vertical stretch or
vertical translation, A1 for a correct horizontal line segment between
−4 and 0 (located roughly at 𝑦 = 3),
A1 for a correct concave down parabola including max point at
( 2, 4 ) and for correct end points at ( 0, 3 ) and ( 6, 0 ) (within
circles). Points do not need to be labelled.
[3 marks]
20N.1.SL.TZ0.T_4
a.i.
0 = 𝑥 + 𝑥2
12
(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for equating the function to zero.
𝑥= - 2 . 29 -2 . 28942 … (A1) (C2)
Note: Award (C1) for a correct 𝑥-value given as part of a coordinate
pair or alongside an explicitly stated 𝑦-value.
[2 marks]
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a.ii. 2 . 88, 4 . 33 2 . 88449 … , 4 . 32674 … (A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: Accept 𝑥 = 2 . 88, 𝑦 = 4 . 33. [2 marks]
b. 12
3 - 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝑥2 (or equivalent) (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for equating the functions or for a sketch of the
two functions.
𝑥= - 1 . 43 -1 . 43080 … (A1) (C2)
Note: Do not award the final (A1) if the answer is seen as part of a
coordinate pair or a 𝑦-value is explicitly stated, unless already
penalized in part (a).
[2 marks]
18N.1.SL.TZ0.S_5
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
METHOD 1 (eliminating k)
recognizing parallel vectors are multiples of each other (M1)
eg a = kb , 3
( 2𝑝 ) = k (
𝑝+1
8
),
𝑝+1
3
=
8
2𝑝
, 3k = p + 1 and 2kp = 8
correct working (must be quadratic) (A1)
𝑝2 + 𝑝
eg 2 p2 + 2p = 24, p2 + p – 12, 3 = 4
valid attempt to solve their quadratic equation (M1)
eg factorizing, formula, completing the square
evidence of correct working (A1)
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−2 ± √4 − 4 ( 2 ) ( −24 )
eg (p + 4)(p – 3), 𝑥 =
4
p = –4, p = 3 A1A1 N4
METHOD 2 (solving for k)
recognizing parallel vectors are multiples of each other (M1)
eg a = kb , (
3
2𝑝
) = k(
𝑝+1
8
), 3k = p + 1 and 2kp = 8
correct working (must be quadratic) (A1)
eg 3k2 – k = 4, 3k2 – k – 4, 4k2 = 3 – k
one correct value for k (A1)
4 3
eg k = –1, k = 3 , k = 4
substituting their value(s) of k (M1)
3 3 𝑝+1 4 4
eg ( 2𝑝 ) = 4 ( ) , 3 ( ) = 𝑝 + 1 and 2 ( ) 𝑝 = 8,
8 3 3
3 𝑝+1
( −1 ) ( )=( )
2𝑝 8
p = –4, p = 3 A1A1 N4
METHOD 3 (working with angles and cosine formula)
recognizing angle between parallel vectors is 0 and/or 180° M1
eg cos θ = ±1, 𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 = |𝑎||𝑏|
correct substitution of scalar product and magnitudes into equation
(A1)
3 ( 𝑝 + 1 ) + 2𝑝 ( 8 )
eg 2 2
= ± 1, 19𝑝 + 3 = √4𝑝2 + 9√𝑝2 + 2𝑝 + 65
32
√ + ( 2𝑝 ) √ ( 𝑝 + 1 ) + 82
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correct working (must include both ± ) (A1)
2 2
eg 3 ( 𝑝 + 1 ) + 2𝑝 ( 8 ) = ± √32 + ( 2𝑝 ) √ ( 𝑝 + 1 ) + 82 ,
19𝑝 + 3 = ± √4𝑝2 + 9√𝑝2 + 2𝑝 + 65
correct quartic equation (A1)
eg 361𝑝2 + 114𝑝 + 9 = 4𝑝4 + 8𝑝3 + 269𝑝2 + 18𝑝 + 585,
4𝑝4 + 8𝑝3 − 92𝑝2 − 96𝑝 + 576 = 0, 𝑝4 + 2𝑝3 − 23𝑝2 − 24𝑝 + 144 = 0,
2 2
(𝑝 + 4) (𝑝 − 3) = 0
p = –4, p = 3 A2 N4
[6 marks]
17M.2.SL.TZ2.S_10
a.i.
correct substitution into E(𝑋) formula (A1)
eg0(𝑝) + 1(0.5) + 2(0.3) + 3(𝑞) = 1.2
𝑞=
1
30
, 0.0333 A1 N2
[2 marks]
a.ii. evidence of summing probabilities to 1 (M1)
eg𝑝 + 0.5 + 0.3 + 𝑞 = 1 𝑝 = 1 , 0.167
6
A1 N2 [2 marks]
b.i. P (3 blue) =
1
30
, 0.0333 A1 N1 [1 mark]
b.ii. valid reasoning R1 egP (3 white) = P(0 blue)
P(3 white) =
1
6
AG N0 [1 mark]
b.iii. valid method (M1) egP(3 white) =
𝑤
10
×
𝑤−1
9
×
𝑤−2
8
, 𝑤 𝐶3
10 𝐶3
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correct equation A1 𝑤
eg 10 ×
𝑤−1
9
×
𝑤−2
8
= 6,
1 𝑤 𝐶3
= 0.167
10 𝐶3
𝑤=6 A1 N2 [3 marks]
c. valid approach (M1)
0.279081
egB(𝑛, 𝑝), ( 𝑛 𝑟 𝑛 − 𝑟 , (0.167)2 (0.833)7 , ( 9 )
𝑟 )𝑝 𝑞 2
0.279 A1 N2 [2 marks]
d. recognizing one prize in first seven attempts (M1)
7 1 1 5
eg ( ), ( 6 ) ( 6 )
6
correct working (A1)
1
1 1 5
6
eg ( 7 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) , 0.390714
correct approach (A1)
1
1 1 5
6
eg ( 7 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) × 6
1 0.065119 0.0651 A1 N2 [4 marks]
1
21M.1.SL.TZ1.7
a.
METHOD 1 (discriminant)
𝑚𝑥2 - 2𝑚𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 - 9 (M1)
𝑚𝑥2 - 3𝑚𝑥 + 9 = 0
recognizing Δ = 0 (seen anywhere) M1
Δ = -3𝑚2 - 4𝑚9 (do not accept only in quadratic formula for 𝑥)
A1
valid approach to solve quadratic for 𝑚 (M1)
36 ± √362 - 4 × 9 × 0
9𝑚𝑚 - 4 = 0 OR 𝑚 =
2×9
both solutions 𝑚 = 0, 4 A1
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𝑚 ≠ 0 with a valid reason R1
the two graphs would not intersect OR 0 ≠ - 9
𝑚=4 AG
METHOD 2 (equating slopes)
𝑚𝑥2 - 2𝑚𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 - 9 (seen anywhere) (M1)
𝑓'𝑥 = 2𝑚𝑥 - 2𝑚 A1
equating slopes, 𝑓'𝑥 = 𝑚 (seen anywhere) M1
2𝑚𝑥 - 2𝑚 = 𝑚
𝑥=
3
2
A1
substituting their 𝑥 value (M1)
32 3 3
𝑚 - 2𝑚 × 2 = 𝑚 × 2 - 9
2
9
4
𝑚-
12
4
6
𝑚 = 4𝑚 - 9 A1
-9𝑚
= -9
4
𝑚=4 AG
METHOD 3 (using 2𝑎
-𝑏
)
𝑚𝑥2 - 2𝑚𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 - 9 (M1)
𝑚𝑥2 - 3𝑚𝑥 + 9 = 0
attempt to find 𝑥-coord of vertex using
-𝑏
2𝑎
(M1)
--3𝑚
2𝑚
A1
𝑥=
3
2
A1
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substituting their 𝑥 value (M1)
32 3
𝑚 - 3𝑚 × 2 + 9 = 0
2
9
4
9
𝑚 - 2𝑚 + 9 = 0 A1
-9𝑚 = - 36
𝑚=4 AG
[6 marks]
b. 4𝑥𝑥 - 2 (A1) 𝑝 = 0 and 𝑞 = 2 OR 𝑝 = 2 and 𝑞 = 0 A1
[2 marks]
c. attempt to use valid approach (M1)
0+2 --8
, , 𝑓1, 8𝑥 - 8 = 0 OR 4𝑥2 - 2𝑥 + 1 - 1 = 4𝑥 - 12 - 4
2 2×4
ℎ = 1, 𝑘 = - 4 A1A1 [3 marks]
d. EITHER
recognition 𝑥 = ℎ to 2 (may be seen on sketch) (M1) OR
recognition that 𝑓𝑥 < 0 and 𝑓'𝑥 > 0 (M1) THEN
1<𝑥<2 A1A1
Note: Award A1 for two correct values, A1 for correct inequality
signs.
[3 marks]
21M.1.SL.TZ1.8
a.
attempt to use quotient or product rule (M1)
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1
𝑥4 - ln 𝑥4𝑥3
d𝑦
d𝑥
= 𝑥
𝑥4
2 OR ln 𝑥-4𝑥-5 + 𝑥-4
1
𝑥
A1
correct working A1
𝑥3 1 - 4 ln 𝑥 -4 ln 𝑥 1
=
𝑥8
OR cancelling 𝑥3 OR 𝑥5
+ 𝑥5
=
1 - 4 ln 𝑥
𝑥5
AG
[3 marks]
b. 𝑓'𝑥 =
d𝑦
d𝑥
=0 (M1) 1 - 4 ln 𝑥
𝑥5
=0 ln 𝑥 =
1
4
(A1)
𝑥 = e4
1
A1 substitution of their 𝑥 to find 𝑦 (M1) ln e 4
1
𝑦= 14
e4
=
1
4e
1
= 4 e-1 A1 1
Pe 4 ,
1 [5 marks]
4e
A1
1
c. =
5-9 4
= - e1 . 5
(M1)
1
20 ln e 4 -9 e1 . 5
𝑓 '' e = 4
16
e4
which is negative R1 hence P is a local maximum AG
Note: The R1 is dependent on the previous A1 being awarded.
[3 marks]
d. ln 𝑥 > 0 (A1) 𝑥>1 A1 [2 marks]
e.
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A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for one 𝑥-intercept only, located at 1
A1 for local maximum, P, in approximately correct position
A1 for curve approaching 𝑥-axis as 𝑥 → ∞ (including change in
concavity).
[3 marks]
21M.2.SL.TZ1.9
a.
Attempt to find the point of intersection of the graph of 𝑓 and the
line 𝑦 = 𝑥 (M1)
𝑥 = 5 . 56619 …
= 5 . 57 A1
[2 marks]
b. 𝑓'𝑥 = - 45e-0 . 5𝑥 A1
attempt to set the gradient of 𝑓 equal to -1 (M1)
-45e-0 . 5𝑥 = -1
Q has coordinates 2 ln 45, 2 (accept (-2 ln
1
45
, 2) A1A1
Note: Award A1 for each value, even if the answer is not given as a
coordinate pair.
1
ln 45 ln 45
Do not accept or as a final value for 𝑥. Do not accept
-0 . 5 0.5
2 . 0 or 2 . 00 as a final value for 𝑦.
[4 marks]
c.
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attempt to substitute coordinates of Q (in any order) into an
appropriate equation (M1)
𝑦 - 2 = - 𝑥 - 2 ln 45 OR 2 = - 2 ln 45 + 𝑐 A1
equation of 𝐿 is 𝑦 = - 𝑥 + 2 ln 45 + 2 AG [2 marks]
d.i. 𝑥 = ln 45 + 1 = 4 . 81 A1 [1 mark]
d.ii.
appropriate method to find the sum of two areas using integrals of
the difference of two functions (M1)
Note: Allow absence of incorrect limits.
5 . 566 … 7 . 613 …
∫4 . 806 … 𝑥 - -𝑥 + 2 ln 45 + 2 d 𝑥 + ∫5 . 566 … 90e-0 . 5𝑥 - -𝑥 + 2 ln 45 + 2 d
(A1)(A1)
Note: Award A1 for one correct integral expression including correct
limits and integrand.
Award A1 for a second correct integral expression including
correct limits and integrand.
= 1 . 52196 … = 1 . 52 A1 [4 marks]
e. by symmetry 2 × 1 . 52 … (M1) = 3 . 04 A1
Note: Accept any answer that rounds to 3 . 0 (but do not accept 3).
[2 marks]
21M.2.AHL.TZ1.7
a.
recognition of the need to integrate
𝑥
3
(M1)
√𝑥2 + 𝑘
𝑥
∫ 3
d𝑥=1
√𝑥2 + 𝑘
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EITHER
𝑢 = 𝑥2 + 𝑘 ⇒
d𝑢
d𝑥
= 2𝑥 (or equivalent) (A1)
𝑥 1 3
∫ 3
d 𝑥 = 2 ∫ 𝑢- 2 d 𝑢
√𝑥2 + 𝑘
1 1
-2
= - 𝑢 +𝑐 = - 𝑥 + 𝑘 +𝑐 2 -2
A1
OR
∫
2
𝑥
3
d𝑥= 2∫
1
2
2𝑥
3
d𝑥 (A1)
√𝑥 + 𝑘 √𝑥 + 𝑘
1
= - 𝑥 + 𝑘 +𝑐 2 -2
A1
THEN
attempt to use correct limits for their integrand and set equal to 1
M1
1 16 + 𝑘 14
-𝑢
-2
𝑘 =1 OR 2
-𝑥 + 𝑘
-2
0 =1
A1
1 1 1 1
-16 + 𝑘- 2 + 𝑘- 2 = 1 ⇒ - =1
√𝑘 √16 + 𝑘
√16 + 𝑘 - √𝑘 = √𝑘 √16 + 𝑘 AG
[5 marks]
b. attempt to solve √16 + 𝑘 - √𝑘 = √𝑘 √16 + 𝑘 (M1)
𝑘 = 0 . 645038 … = 0 . 645 A1 [2 marks]
21M.2.SL.TZ2.5
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a.
attempting to find the vertex (M1)
𝑥 = 1 OR 𝑦 = - 5 OR 𝑓𝑥 = 6𝑥 - 12 - 5
range is 𝑦 ≥ - 5 A1
[2 marks]
b. METHOD 1
𝑔 ∘ 𝑓𝑥 = - 6𝑥2 - 12𝑥 + 1 + 𝑐 = - 6𝑥 - 12 - 5 + 𝑐 (A1)
EITHER
relating to the range of 𝑓 OR attempting to find 𝑔-5 (M1)
5+𝑐≤0 (A1)
OR
attempting to find the discriminant of 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓𝑥 (M1)
144 + 24𝑐 - 1 ≤ 0 120 + 24𝑐 ≤ 0 (A1)
THEN
𝑐≤ -5 A1 METHOD 2
vertical reflection followed by vertical shift (M1)
new vertex is 1, 5 + 𝑐 (A1) 5+𝑐≤0 (A1)
𝑐≤ -5 A1 [4 marks]
21M.2.SL.TZ2.6
a.
100 = 𝐴0 e0 A1
𝐴0 = 100 AG
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[1 mark]
b.
correct substitution of values into exponential equation (M1)
50 = 100e-5730𝑘 OR e-5730𝑘 =
1
-5730𝑘 = ln 2
1
A1
2
EITHER
1 1
ln 2 = - ln 2 OR -ln 2 = ln 2 A1 e5730𝑘 = 2 A1
OR
5730𝑘 = ln 2 A1 𝑘=
ln 2
AG
THEN 5730
Note: There are many different ways of showing that 𝑘 = 5730
ln 2
which
involve showing different steps. Award full marks for at least two
correct algebraic steps seen.
[3 marks]
c.
if 25% of the carbon-14 has decayed, 75% remains ie, 75 units
remain (A1)
ln 2
75 = 100e- 5730 𝑡
EITHER
using an appropriate graph to attempt to solve for 𝑡
(M1)
OR
manipulating logs to attempt to solve for 𝑡 (M1)
ln 2
ln 0 . 75 = - 5730 𝑡 𝑡 = 2378 . 164 …
THEN
𝑡 = 2380 (years) (correct to the nearest 10 years) A1
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[3 marks]
21M.2.AHL.TZ2.11
a.
𝑏
attempt to use 𝑉 = π ∫ 𝑓𝑥2 d 𝑥 (M1)
𝑎
𝑥 2
ln 16 ln 16
𝑘e 2 2 e𝑥
𝑉=π ∫ d𝑥 𝑉=𝑘 π ∫ d𝑥
0 1 + e𝑥 0 1 + e𝑥 2
EITHER
applying integration by recognition (M1)
ln 16
2
= 𝑘 π- 1 + e𝑥
1
0
A3
OR
𝑢 = 1 + e𝑥 ⇒ d 𝑢 = e𝑥 d 𝑥 (A1)
attempt to express the integral in terms of 𝑢 (M1)
when 𝑥 = 0, 𝑢 = 2 and when 𝑥 = ln 16, 𝑢 = 17
17
𝑉=𝑘 π∫
2 1
2 d𝑢 (A1)
2 𝑢
1 17
= 𝑘2 π- 𝑢
2
A1
OR
𝑢 = e𝑥 ⇒ d 𝑢 = e𝑥 d 𝑥 (A1)
attempt to express the integral in terms of 𝑢 (M1)
when 𝑥 = 0, 𝑢 = 1 and when 𝑥 = ln 16, 𝑢 = 16
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16
𝑉=𝑘 π∫
2 1
2 d𝑢 (A1)
1 1+𝑢
1 16
=𝑘 2
π- 1 + 𝑢
1
A1
Note: Accept equivalent working with indefinite integrals and
original limits for 𝑥.
THEN
= 𝑘2 π 2 - 17
1 1
A1
15𝑘2 π
so the volume of the solid formed is
34
cubic units AG
Note: Award (M1)(A0)(M0)(A0)(A0)(A1) when 15
34
is obtained from
GDC
[6 marks]
b. a valid algebraic or graphical attempt to find 𝑘 (M1)
A1
300 × 34
𝑘2 = 𝑘 = 14 . 7 = 2√
170
=√
680
(as 𝑘 ∈ ℝ+ )
15π π π
Note: Candidates may use their GDC numerical solve feature.
[2 marks]
𝑘
c.i. attempting to find OA = 𝑓0 = 2
with 𝑘 = 14 . 712 … = 2√
170
π
=√
680
π
(M1)
OA = 7 . 36 =√
170
A1 [2 marks]
π
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4𝑘
c.ii. attempting to find BC = 𝑓ln 16 =
17
with 𝑘 = 14 . 712 … = 2√
170
π
=√
680
π
(M1)
BC = 3 . 46 =
8 170
=
8√10
A1 [2 marks]
17 √ π √17π
d.i. EITHER recognising to graph 𝑦 = 𝑓'𝑥 (M1)
Note: Award M1 for attempting
𝑥
to use quotient rule or product rule
𝑘e 2 1 - e𝑥
differentiation. 𝑓'𝑥 =
21 + e𝑥2
for 𝑥 > 0 graph decreasing to the local minimum A1
before increasing towards the 𝑥-axis A1 OR
recognising to graph 𝑦 = 𝑓 '' 𝑥 (M1)
Note: Award M1 for attempting
𝑥
to use quotient rule or product rule
𝑘e 2 e2𝑥 - 6e𝑥+1
differentiation. 𝑓 '' 𝑥 =
41 + e𝑥3
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for 𝑥 > 0, graph increasing towards and beyond the 𝑥-intercept
A1
recognising 𝑓 '' 𝑥 = 0 for maximum rate (A1) THEN
𝑥 = 1 . 76 = ln2√2 + 3 A1
Note: Only award A marks if either graph is seen. [4 marks]
d.ii. attempting to find 𝑓1 . 76 … (M1)
the cross-sectional radius at this point is 5 . 20 √
π
cm
85
A1
[2 marks]
21M.2.AHL.TZ2.12
a.
EITHER
-𝑥2 - 1 𝑥2 - 1
𝑓-𝑥 = arcsin -𝑥2 + 1 = arcsin 𝑥2 + 1 = 𝑓𝑥 R1
OR
a sketch graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 with line symmetry in the 𝑦-axis indicated
R1
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THEN
so 𝑓𝑥 is an even function. AG
[1 mark]
b. as 𝑥 → ± ∞ , 𝑓𝑥 → arcsin 1 →
π
2
A1
so the horizontal asymptote is 𝑦 =
π
2
A1 [2 marks]
c.i. attempting to use the quotient rule to find
d 𝑥2 - 1
d 𝑥 𝑥2 + 1
M1
d 𝑥2 - 1
d 𝑥 𝑥2 + 1
=
2𝑥𝑥2 + 1 - 2𝑥𝑥2 - 1
𝑥2 +1
2 =
𝑥2
4𝑥
+1
2 A1
attempting to use the chain rule to find
d
d𝑥
𝑥2 - 1
arcsin 𝑥2 + 1 M1
𝑥2 - 1 d𝑦 1
let 𝑢 = 𝑥2
and so 𝑦 = arcsin 𝑢 and =
+1 d𝑢 √1 - 𝑢2
𝑓'𝑥 =
1
2
×
4𝑥
𝑥2 + 1
2 M1 =
4𝑥
2 2
1
× 𝑥2 + 1 A1
𝑥2 - 1 √𝑥2 + 1 - 𝑥2 - 1
√1 - 2
𝑥 +1
=
4𝑥
√4𝑥2
×
𝑥2
1
+1
A1 =
2𝑥
√𝑥2 𝑥2 +1
AG [6 marks]
c.ii. 𝑓'𝑥 =
𝑥𝑥2
2𝑥
for 𝑥 < 0, 𝑥 = - 𝑥 (A1)
+1
EITHER
so 𝑓'𝑥 = -
𝑥2
2𝑥
A1 𝑥 > 0 and 𝑥2 + 1 > 0 A1
+1
OR
2𝑥 < 0, 𝑥 < 0 A1 𝑓'𝑥 < 0 R1
THEN
Note: Award R1 for stating that in 𝑓'𝑥, the numerator is negative, and
the denominator is positive.
so 𝑓 is decreasing for 𝑥 < 0 AG
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[3 marks]
Note: Do not accept a graphical solution
d. 𝑦2 - 1
𝑥 = arcsin 𝑦2 + 1 M1
sin 𝑥 =
𝑦2 - 1
𝑦2 + 1
⇒ 𝑦2 sin 𝑥 + sin 𝑥 = 𝑦2 - 1 A1
𝑦2 =
1 + sin 𝑥
1 - sin 𝑥
A1
domain of 𝑔 is 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≥ 0 and so the range of 𝑔-1 must be
𝑦 ∈ ℝ, 𝑦 ≥ 0
hence the positive root is taken (or the negative root is rejected)
R1
Note: The R1 is dependent on the above A1.
so 𝑔-1 𝑥 = √
1 + sin 𝑥
1 - sin 𝑥
A1
[5 marks]
Note: The final A1 is not dependent on R1 mark.
e. domain is - ≤ 𝑥 <
π
2
π
2
A1
Note: Accept correct alternative notations, for example, ⌊ - π2 , π
2
⌊ or
π π
⌊ - 2, 2
).
Accept [ - 1 . 57, 1 . 57 [ if correct to 3 s.f.
[1 mark]
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f.
A1A1A1
Note: A1 for correct domain and correct range and 𝑦-intercept at
𝑦=1
A1 for asymptotic behaviour 𝑥 → π2
A1 for 𝑥 = π2
Coordinates are not required.
Do not accept 𝑥 = 1 . 57 or other inexact values.
[3 marks]
21M.3.AHL.TZ2.1
a.
inverted parabola extended below the 𝑥-axis A1
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𝑥-axis intercept values 𝑥 = 0, 2 A1
Note: Accept a graph passing through the origin as an indication of
𝑥 = 0.
local maximum at 1, 1 A1
Note: Coordinates must be stated to gain the final A1.
Do not accept decimal approximations.
[3 marks]
b.
A1A1A1A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for each correct value.
For a table not sufficiently or clearly labelled, assume that their
values are in the same order as the table in the question paper
and award marks accordingly.
[6 marks]
c. METHOD 1 attempts to use the product rule (M1)
𝑓𝑛 ' 𝑥 = - 𝑛𝑥𝑛 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 - 1 + 𝑛𝑥𝑛 - 1 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 A1A1
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Note: Award A1 for a correct 𝑢 dd 𝑣𝑥 and A1 for a correct 𝑣 dd 𝑢𝑥 . EITHER
attempts to factorise 𝑓𝑛 ' 𝑥 (involving at least one of 𝑛𝑥𝑛 - 1 or 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 - 1
) (M1)
= 𝑛𝑥𝑛 - 1 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 - 1 𝑎 - 𝑥 - 𝑥 A1
OR
attempts to express 𝑓𝑛 ' 𝑥 as the difference of two products with each
product containing at least one of 𝑛𝑥𝑛 - 1 or 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 - 1 (M1)
= -𝑥𝑛𝑥𝑛 - 1 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 - 1 + 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛𝑥𝑛 - 1 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 - 1 A1
THEN
𝑓𝑛 ' 𝑥 = 𝑛𝑥𝑛 - 1 𝑎 - 2𝑥𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 - 1 AG
Note: Award the final (M1)A1 for obtaining any of the following
forms:
𝑎-𝑥-𝑥 𝑛𝑥𝑛 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛
𝑓𝑛 ' 𝑥 = 𝑛𝑥𝑛 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 𝑥𝑎 - 𝑥
; 𝑓𝑛 ' 𝑥 = 𝑥𝑎 - 𝑥
𝑎 - 𝑥 - 𝑥;
𝑓𝑛 ' 𝑥 = 𝑛𝑥𝑛 - 1 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 - 𝑥𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 - 1 ;
𝑓𝑛 ' 𝑥 = 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 - 1 𝑛𝑥𝑛 - 1 𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 - 𝑛𝑥𝑛 METHOD 2
𝑓𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑥𝑎 - 𝑥𝑛 (M1) = 𝑎𝑥 - 𝑥2
𝑛
A1
attempts to use the chain rule (M1)
𝑓𝑛 ' 𝑥 = 𝑛𝑎 - 2𝑥𝑎𝑥 - 𝑥2
𝑛-1
A1A1
Note: Award A1 for 𝑛𝑎 - 2𝑥 and A1 for 𝑎𝑥 - 𝑥2𝑛 - 1.
[5 marks]
'
𝑓𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑛𝑥 𝑛-1
𝑎 - 2𝑥𝑎 - 𝑥 𝑛-1
AG
d.
𝑎
𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 2 , 𝑥 = 𝑎 A2
Note: Award A1 for either
𝑎
two correct solutions or for obtaining
𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = - 𝑎, 𝑥 = - 2
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Award A0 otherwise.
[2 marks]
e. attempts to find an expression for 𝑓𝑛 2
𝑎
(M1)
𝑎 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑛2
𝑓𝑛 2 = 𝑎 -2 =
𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑛
=
𝑎 2𝑛
, = A1
2 2 2 2 2
EITHER
𝑎 2𝑛 𝑎
since 𝑎 ∈ ℝ+ , 2
> 0 (for 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ , 𝑛 > 1 and so 𝑓𝑛 2 > 0)
R1
Note: Accept any logically equivalent conditions/statements on 𝑎
and 𝑛.
Award R0 if any conditions/statements specified involving 𝑎, 𝑛
or both are incorrect.
OR
𝑎
(since 𝑎 ∈ ℝ+ ), 2 raised to an even power (2𝑛) (or equivalent
𝑎
reasoning) is always positive (and so 𝑓𝑛 2 > 0) R1
Note: The condition 𝑎 ∈ ℝ+ is given in the question. Hence some
candidates will assume 𝑎 ∈ ℝ+ and not state it. In these instances,
award R1 for a convincing argument.
Accept any logically equivalent conditions/statements on on 𝑎
and 𝑛.
Award R0 if any conditions/statements specified involving 𝑎, 𝑛
or both are incorrect.
𝑎 𝑎
so 2 , 𝑓𝑛 2 is always above the horizontal axis AG
THEN
[3 marks]
Note: Do not award (M1)A0R1.
f. METHOD 1 𝑎
𝑓𝑛 ' 4 = 𝑛 4
𝑎𝑛 - 1 𝑎
𝑎 - 2𝑎 - 4
𝑎𝑛 - 1
= 𝑛4
𝑎 𝑛 - 1 𝑎 3𝑎 𝑛 - 1
A1
2 4
𝑎 𝑛 - 1 𝑎 3𝑎 𝑛 - 1
𝑛4 > 0 as 𝑎 ∈ ℝ+ and 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ R1
EITHER 2 4
OR
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𝑛4
𝑎𝑛 - 1 𝑎
, 𝑎 - 2 and 𝑎 - 4
𝑎𝑛 - 1
are all > 0 R1
Note: Do not award A0R1.
Accept equivalent reasoning on correct alternative expressions
𝑎
for 𝑓𝑛 ' 4 and accept any logically equivalent conditions/statements
on 𝑎 and 𝑛.
Exceptions to the above are condone 𝑛 > 1 and condone 𝑛 > 0.
𝑎 𝑎 2𝑛 - 1
An alternative form for 𝑓𝑛 ' is 2𝑛3𝑛 - 1 .
4 4
THEN
hence 𝑓𝑛 ' 4 > 0
𝑎
AG METHOD 2
𝑓𝑛 0 = 0 and 𝑓𝑛 2 > 0
𝑎
A1
(since 𝑓𝑛 is continuous and there are no stationary points between
𝑎
𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 = 2 )
𝑎
the gradient (of the curve) must be positive between 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 =
2
R1
Note: Do not award A0R1. 𝑎
hence 𝑓𝑛 ' 4 > 0 AG
[2 marks]
g.i. 𝑓𝑛 ' -1 = 𝑛-1𝑛 - 1 𝑎 + 2𝑎 + 1𝑛 - 1 for 𝑛 even:
𝑛-1𝑛 - 1 = - 𝑛 < 0 (and 𝑎 + 2, 𝑎 + 1𝑛 - 1 are both > 0) R1
𝑓𝑛 ' -1 < 0 A1 𝑎
𝑓𝑛 ' 0 = 0 and 𝑓𝑛 ' 4 > 0 (seen anywhere) A1
Note: Candidates can give arguments based on the sign of -1𝑛 - 1 to
obtain the R mark.
For example, award R1 for the following:
If 𝑛 is even, then 𝑛 - 1 is odd and hence -1𝑛 - 1 < 0 = - 1.
Do not award R0A1.
The second A1 is independent of the other two marks.
The A marks can be awarded for correct descriptions expressed
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in words.
Candidates can state ( 0, 0 ) as a point of zero gradient from
part (d) or show, state or explain (words or diagram) that 𝑓𝑛 ' 0 = 0.
The last A mark can be awarded for a clearly labelled diagram
showing changes in the sign of the gradient.
The last A1 can be awarded for use of a specific case (e.g. 𝑛 = 2
).
[3 marks]
hence ( 0, 0 ) is a local minimum point AG
g.ii. for 𝑛 odd:
𝑛-1𝑛 - 1 = 𝑛 < 0, (and 𝑎 + 2, 𝑎 + 1𝑛 - 1 are both > 0) so 𝑓𝑛 ' -1 > 0
R1
Note: Candidates can give arguments based on the sign of -1𝑛 - 1 to
obtain the R mark.
For example, award R1 for the following:
If 𝑛 is odd, then 𝑛 - 1 is even and hence -1𝑛 - 1 > 0 = 1.
𝑎
𝑓𝑛 ' 0 = 0 and 𝑓𝑛 ' 4 > 0 (seen anywhere) A1
Note: The A1 is independent of the R1.
Candidates can state 0, 0 as a point of zero gradient from part
(d) or show, state or explain (words or diagram) that 𝑓𝑛 ' 0 = 0. The
last A mark can be awarded for a clearly labelled diagram showing
changes in the sign of the gradient.
The last A1 can be awarded for use of a specific case (e.g. 𝑛 = 3
).
hence ( 0, 0 ) is a point of inflexion with zero gradient AG
[2 marks]
h. considers the parity of 𝑛 (M1)
Note: Award M1 for stating at least one specific even value of 𝑛.
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𝑛 must be even (for four solutions) A1
Note: The above 2 marks are independent of the 3 marks below.
0<𝑘<
𝑎 2𝑛
2
A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for the correct lower endpoint, A1 for the correct
upper endpoint and A1 for strict inequality signs.
The third A1 (strict inequality signs) can only be awarded if
A1A1 has been awarded.
For example, award A1A1A0 for 0 ≤ 𝑘 ≤ . Award A1A0A0 for
𝑎 2𝑛
2
𝑘 > 0.
Award A1A0A0 for 0 < 𝑘 < 𝑓𝑛 2 . [5 marks]
𝑎
21N.1.SL.TZ0.3
a.i.
𝑥=3 A1
[1 mark]
a.ii. 𝑦= -2 A1 [1 mark]
b.i. -2, 0 (accept 𝑥 = - 2) A1 [1 mark]
b.ii. 0,
4
3
(accept 𝑦 =
4
3
and 𝑓0 = )
4
3
A1 [1 mark]
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c.
A1
Note: Award A1 for completely correct shape: two branches in
correct quadrants with asymptotic behaviour.
[1 mark]
20N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_10
a.i.
𝑓'𝑥 = 3𝑎𝑥2 + 2𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 A1
[1 mark]
a.ii.
since 𝑓−1 does not exist, there must be two turning points R1
( ⇒ 𝑓'𝑥 = 0 has more than one solution)
using the discriminant Δ > 0 M1 4𝑏2 - 12𝑎𝑐 > 0 A1
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2
𝑏 - 3𝑎𝑐 > 0 AG
[4 marks]
b.i. METHOD 1 𝑏2 - 3𝑎𝑐 = -32 - 3 × 2 × 6
1
M1 =9-9
=0 A1 hence 𝑔−1 exists AG METHOD 2
3
𝑔'𝑥 = 𝑥2 - 6𝑥 + 6
2
M1 Δ = -62 - 4 × × 6
3
2
Δ = 36 - 36 = 0 ⇒ there is (only) one point with gradient of 0 and
this must be a point of inflexion (since 𝑔𝑥 is a cubic.) R1
hence 𝑔−1 exists AG
[2 marks]
b.ii. 𝑝=
1
2
A1 𝑥 - 23 = 𝑥3 - 6𝑥2 + 12𝑥 - 8 (M1)
1 3 1
𝑥 - 6𝑥2 + 12𝑥 - 8 = 2 𝑥3 - 3𝑥2 + 6𝑥 - 4
2
1
𝑔𝑥 = 2 𝑥 - 23 - 4 ⇒ 𝑞 = - 4 A1
[3 marks]
b.iii.
1
𝑥 = 2 𝑦 - 23 - 4 (M1)
Note: Interchanging 𝑥 and 𝑦 can be done at any stage.
3
√2𝑥 + 4 = 𝑦 - 2 𝑦 = 3√2𝑥 + 4 + 2
2𝑥 + 4 = 𝑦 - 23 (M1)
𝑔-1 𝑥 = 3√2𝑥 + 4 + 2 A1
Note: 𝑔-1𝑥 = … must be seen for the final A mark. [3 marks]
c. translation through
2
, A1
0
Note: This can be seen anywhere.
EITHER
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1
a stretch scale factor parallel to the 𝑦-axis then a translation
2
through
0
-4
A2
OR
0 1
a translation through then a stretch scale factor parallel to the
-8 2
𝑦-axis A2
Note: Accept ‘shift’ for translation, but do not accept ‘move’. Accept
‘scaling’ for ‘stretch’.
[3 marks]
d.
A1A1A1M1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct ‘shape’ of 𝑔 (allow non-stationary point of
inflexion)
Award A1 for each correct intercept of 𝑔
Award M1 for attempt to reflect their graph in 𝑦 = 𝑥, A1 for
completely correct 𝑔-1 including intercepts
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[5 marks]
21N.1.SL.TZ0.1
a.i.
setting 𝑓𝑥 = 0 (M1)
𝑥 = 1, 𝑥 = - 3 (accept 1, 0, -3, 0) A1
[2 marks]
a.ii. METHOD 1 𝑥 = - 1 A1
substituting their 𝑥-coordinate into 𝑓 (M1)
𝑦=8 A1 -1, 8 METHOD 2
attempt to complete the square (M1) -2𝑥 + 12 - 4 (M1)
𝑥 = - 1, 𝑦 = 8 A1A1 -1, 8 [3 marks]
b. ℎ= -1 A1 𝑘=8 A1 [2 marks]
18M.2.SL.TZ1.T_4
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(A1)(A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)
Note: Award (A1) for correct window. Axes must be labelled.
(A1)(ft) for a smooth curve with correct shape and zeros in
approximately correct positions relative to each other.
(A1)(ft) for point P indicated in approximately the correct position.
Follow through from their x-coordinate in part (c). (A1)(ft) for two x-
intercepts identified on the graph and curve reflecting asymptotic
properties.
[4 marks]
17M.1.SL.TZ1.T_12
b.i.
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(A1) (C1)
Note: The command term “Draw” states: “A ruler (straight edge)
should be used for straight lines”; do not accept a freehand 𝑦 = − 6
line.
[1 mark]
b.ii. 2 (A1)(ft) (C1) Note: Follow through from part (b)(i).
[1 mark]
c. −2 < 𝑘 < 6 (A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: Award (A1) for both end points correct and (A1) for correct
strict inequalities.
Award at most (A1)(A0) if the stated variable is different from 𝑘 or 𝑦
for example −2 < 𝑥 < 6 is (A1)(A0).
[2 marks]
20N.1.AHL.TZ0.H_12
a.
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
𝑥=𝑘 A1
[1 mark]
b. 𝑦=𝑘 A1
[1 mark]
c. METHOD 1 𝑘𝑥 - 5
𝑘 -5 =
𝑘𝑘𝑥 - 5 - 5𝑥 - 𝑘
A1
𝑓 ∘ 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥-𝑘
𝑘𝑥 - 5 M1 𝑘𝑥 - 5 - 𝑘𝑥 - 𝑘
-𝑘
𝑥-𝑘
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=𝑥
=
𝑘2 𝑥 - 5𝑘 - 5𝑥 + 5𝑘
𝑘𝑥 - 5 - 𝑘𝑥 + 𝑘2
=
𝑘2 𝑥 - 5𝑥
𝑘2 - 5
A1 =
𝑥𝑘2 - 5
𝑘2 - 5
𝑓 ∘ 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥 , (hence 𝑓 is self-inverse) R1
Note: The statement 𝑓 ( 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) ) = 𝑥 could be seen anywhere in the
candidate’s working to award R1.
METHOD 2 𝑓𝑥 =
𝑘𝑥 - 5
𝑥-𝑘
𝑥=
𝑘𝑦 - 5
𝑦-𝑘
M1
Note: Interchanging 𝑥 and 𝑦 can be done at any stage.
𝑥𝑦 - 𝑥𝑘 = 𝑘𝑦 - 5 𝑥𝑦 - 𝑘𝑦 = 𝑥𝑘 - 5
𝑥𝑦 - 𝑘 = 𝑘𝑦 - 5 A1
𝑦𝑥 - 𝑘 = 𝑘𝑥 - 5 A1 𝑦 = 𝑓-1 𝑥 =
𝑘𝑥 - 5
𝑥-𝑘
(hence 𝑓 is self-inverse) R1
[4 marks]
d.
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attempt to draw both branches of a rectangular hyperbola M1
𝑥 = 3 and 𝑦 = 3 A1 0,
5
and , 0
5
A1
3 3
[3 marks]
e. METHOD 1 volume = π ∫5
7 3𝑥 - 5 2
d𝑥 (M1) EITHER
𝑥-3
attempt to express
3𝑥 - 5
𝑥-3
in the form 𝑝 +
𝑞
𝑥-3
M1
3𝑥 - 5
𝑥-3
4
= 3 + 𝑥-3 A1 OR
3𝑥 - 5 2
attempt to expand 𝑥-3
2
or 3𝑥 - 5 and divide out M1
3𝑥 - 5 2
𝑥-3
=9+
24𝑥 - 56
𝑥-3 2 A1 THEN 3𝑥 - 5 2
𝑥-3
= 9 + 𝑥-3 +
24 16
𝑥 - 32
A1
7 16 7
volume = π ∫ 9 + 𝑥 - 3 +
24 16
d𝑥 = π9𝑥 + 24 ln 𝑥 - 3 - 𝑥 - 3 A1
5 𝑥 - 32 5
= π63 + 24 ln 4 - 4 - 45 + 24 ln 2 - 8 = π22 + 24 ln 2 A1
METHOD 2 volume =
7 3𝑥 - 5 2
π ∫5 𝑥 - 3 d𝑥 (M1)
substituting 𝑢 = 𝑥 - 3 ⇒
d𝑢
d𝑥
=1 A1 3𝑥 - 5 = 3𝑢 + 3 - 5 = 3𝑢 + 4
volume = π ∫2
4 3𝑢 + 4 2
𝑢
d𝑢 M1
4
= π ∫2 9 + 𝑢 2 +
16 24
𝑢
d𝑢 A1
4
= π9𝑢 -
16
𝑢
+ 24 ln 𝑢
2
A1
Note: Ignore absence of or incorrect limits seen up to this point.
= π22 + 24 ln 2 A1 [6 marks]
22M.1.SL.TZ2.4
a.i.
𝑥= -1 A1
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[1 mark]
a.ii. 𝑦=2 A1 [1 mark]
b.
rational function shape with two branches in opposite quadrants,
with two correctly positioned asymptotes and asymptotic behaviour
shown A1
Note: The equations of the asymptotes are not required on the
graph provided there is a clear indication of asymptotic behaviour at
𝑥 = - 1 and 𝑦 = 2 (or at their FT asymptotes from part (a)).
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axes intercepts clearly shown at 𝑥 =
1
2
and 𝑦 = - 1 A1A1
[3 marks]
c. 𝑥>
1
2
A1
Note: Accept correct alternative correct notation, such as 12 , ∞
1
and ] , ∞ [.
2
[1 mark]
22M.1.SL.TZ2.7
a.
𝑥=3 A1
Note: Must be an equation in the form “ 𝑥 = ”. Do not accept 3 or
-𝑏
= 3.
2𝑎
[1 mark]
b.i. ℎ = 3, 𝑘 = 4 (accept 𝑎𝑥 - 32 + 4) A1A1 [2 marks]
b.ii. attempt to substitute coordinates of Q (M1)
12 = 𝑎5 - 32 + 4, 4𝑎 + 4 = 12 𝑎=2 A1 [2 marks]
c. recognize need to find derivative of 𝑓 (M1)
𝑓'𝑥 = 4𝑥 - 3 or 𝑓'𝑥 = 4𝑥 - 12 A1
𝑓'5 = 8 (may be seen as gradient in their equation) (A1)
𝑦 - 12 = 8𝑥 - 5 or 𝑦 = 8𝑥 - 28 A1
Note: Award A0 for 𝐿 = 8𝑥 − 28. [4 marks]
d. METHOD 1
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Recognizing that for 𝑔 to be increasing, 𝑓𝑥 - 𝑑 > 0, or 𝑔' > 0
(M1)
The vertex must be above the 𝑥-axis, 4 - 𝑑 > 0, 𝑑 - 4 < 0 (R1)
𝑑<4 A1 METHOD 2
attempting to find discriminant of 𝑔' (M1) -122 - 4222 - 𝑑
recognizing discriminant must be negative (R1)
-32 + 8𝑑 < 0 OR Δ < 0 𝑑<4 A1 [3 marks]
e. recognizing that for 𝑔 to be concave up, 𝑔 '' > 0 (M1)
𝑔 '' > 0 when 𝑓' > 0, 4𝑥 - 12 > 0, 𝑥 - 3 > 0 (R1)
𝑥>3 A1 [3 marks]
22M.1.SL.TZ2.6
a.
EITHER
recognises the required term (or coefficient) in the expansion
(M1)
𝑏𝑥5 = 𝐶27𝑥5 12 OR 𝑏 = 𝐶27 OR 𝐶57
7! 7!
𝑏= =
2!5! 2!7 - 2!
correct working A1
7×6×5×4×3×2×1 7×6 42
2×1×5×4×3×2×1
OR 2!
OR 2
OR
lists terms from row 7 of Pascal’s triangle (M1)
1, 7, 21, … A1
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THEN
𝑏 = 21 AG
[2 marks]
b. 𝑎=7 (A1) correct equation A1
𝑎𝑥6 + 35𝑥4 7𝑥6 + 35𝑥4
21𝑥5 =
2
OR 21𝑥5 = 2
correct quadratic equation A1
7𝑥2 - 42𝑥 + 35 = 0 OR 𝑥2 - 6𝑥 + 5 = 0 (or equivalent)
valid attempt to solve their quadratic (M1)
𝑥 - 1𝑥 - 5 = 0 OR 𝑥 =
6 ± √-62 - 415 𝑥 = 1, 𝑥 = 5 A1
21
Note: Award final A0 for obtaining 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 1, 𝑥 = 5.
[5 marks]
22M.1.SL.TZ2.8
a.
1
𝑥-4
+1=𝑥-3 (M1)
𝑥2 - 8𝑥 + 15 = 0 OR 𝑥 - 42 = 1 (A1)
valid attempt to solve their quadratic (M1)
8 ± √82 - 4115
𝑥 - 3𝑥 - 5 = 0 OR 𝑥 = OR 𝑥 - 4 = ± 1
21
𝑥=5 𝑥 = 3, 𝑥 = 5 (may be seen in answer) A1
B5, 2 (accept 𝑥 = 5, 𝑦 = 2) A1
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[5 marks]
b.
recognizing two correct regions from 𝑥 = 3 to 𝑥 = 5 and from 𝑥 = 5
to 𝑥 = 𝑘 (R1)
𝑘 5 𝑘
triangle + ∫ 𝑓𝑥 d 𝑥 OR ∫ 𝑔𝑥 d 𝑥 + ∫ 𝑓𝑥 d 𝑥 OR
5 3 5
5 𝑘
1
∫𝑥 - 3 d 𝑥 + ∫𝑥-4 + 1 d 𝑥
3 5
2
area of triangle is 2 OR
2·2
2
OR
5
2
- 35 -
32
2
- 33 (A1)
correct integration (A1)(A1) 1
∫ 𝑥 - 4 + 1 d 𝑥 = ln𝑥 - 4 + 𝑥 +𝐶
Note: Award A1 for ln𝑥 - 4 and A1 for 𝑥.
Note: The first three A marks may be awarded independently of the
R mark.
substitution of their limits (for 𝑥) into their integrated function (in
terms of 𝑥) (M1)
ln𝑘 - 4 + 𝑘 - ln 1 + 5 ln𝑥 - 4 + 𝑥𝑘5 = ln𝑘 - 4 + 𝑘 - 5 A1
adding their two areas (in terms of 𝑘) and equating to ln 𝑝 + 8
(M1)
2 + ln𝑘 - 4 + 𝑘 - 5 = ln 𝑝 + 8
equating their non-log terms to 8 (equation must be in terms of 𝑘)
(M1)
𝑘-3=8 𝑘 = 11 A1 11 - 4 = 𝑝 𝑝=7 A1 [10 marks]
21N.1.SL.TZ0.5
a.
𝑓' ( 4 ) = 6 A1
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[1 mark]
b. 𝑓 ( 4 ) = 6 × 4 - 1 = 23 A1 [1 mark]
c. ℎ4 = 𝑓𝑔4 (M1) ℎ4 = 𝑓42 - 3 × 4 = 𝑓4
ℎ4 = 23 A1 [2 marks]
d. attempt to use chain rule to find ℎ' (M1)
𝑓'𝑔𝑥 × 𝑔'𝑥 OR 𝑥2 - 3𝑥' × 𝑓'𝑥2 - 3𝑥
ℎ'4 = 2 × 4 - 3𝑓'42 - 3 × 4 A1 = 30
𝑦 - 23 = 30𝑥 - 4 OR 𝑦 = 30𝑥 - 97 A1 [3 marks]
21N.1.AHL.TZ0.2
a.i.
𝑥=3 A1
[1 mark]
a.ii. 𝑦= -2 A1 [1 mark]
b.i. -2, 0 (accept 𝑥 = - 2) A1 [1 mark]
b.ii. 0,
4
3
(accept 𝑦 =
4
3
and 𝑓0 = )
4
3
A1 [1 mark]
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c.
A1
Note: Award A1 for completely correct shape: two branches in
correct quadrants with asymptotic behaviour.
[1 mark]
d. METHOD 1 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑦 =
𝑎𝑥 + 4
3-𝑥
attempt to find 𝑥 in terms of 𝑦 (M1)
OR exchange 𝑥 and 𝑦 and attempt to find 𝑦 in terms of 𝑥
3𝑦 - 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 + 4 A1 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 = 3𝑦 - 4 𝑥𝑎 + 𝑦 = 3𝑦 - 4
𝑥=
3𝑦 - 4
𝑔-1 𝑥 =
3𝑥 - 4
A1
𝑦+𝑎 𝑥+𝑎
Note: Condone use of 𝑦 =
𝑎𝑥 + 4
3-𝑥
≡
3𝑥 - 4
𝑥+𝑎
⇒𝑎= -3 A1 METHOD 2
𝑔𝑥 ≡ 𝑔-1 𝑥
𝑎𝑥 + 4
𝑔𝑥 =
3-𝑥
attempt to find an expression for 𝑔𝑔𝑥 and equate to 𝑥 (M1)
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𝑎𝑥 + 4 𝑎𝑎𝑥 + 4 + 43 - 𝑥 𝑎𝑎𝑥 + 4 + 43 - 𝑥
𝑎 +4 =𝑥 =𝑥
𝑔𝑔𝑥 = 3-𝑥
𝑎𝑥 + 4 =𝑥 A1 9 - 3𝑥 - 𝑎𝑥 + 4 5 - 3 + 𝑎𝑥
3-
3-𝑥
𝑎𝑎𝑥 + 4 + 43 - 𝑥 = 𝑥5 - 3 + 𝑎𝑥 A1
equating coefficients of 𝑥2 (or similar) 𝑎= -3 A1
[4 marks]
21N.1.AHL.TZ0.7
a.
attempt to use discriminant 𝑏2 - 4𝑎𝑐 > 0 M1
2𝑝2 - 43𝑝1 - 𝑝 > 0
16𝑝2 - 12𝑝 > 0 (A1)
𝑝4𝑝 - 3 > 0
attempt to find critical values 𝑝 = 0, 𝑝 =
3
4
M1
recognition that discriminant > 0 (M1)
𝑝 < 0 or 𝑝 >
3
4
A1
Note: Condone ‘or’ replaced with ‘and’, a comma, or no separator
[5 marks]
b. 𝑝 = 4 ⇒ 12𝑥2 + 8𝑥 - 3 = 0
valid attempt to use 𝑥 =
-𝑏 ± √𝑏2 - 4𝑎𝑐
2𝑎
(or equivalent) M1
𝑥=
-8 ± √208
𝑥=
-2 ± √13 𝑎= -2 A1 [2 marks]
24 6
21N.2.SL.TZ0.2
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a.
𝑥 = - 0 . 832554 … , 𝑥 = 0 . 832554 …
𝑥 = - 0 . 833, 𝑥 = 0 . 833 A1A1
[2 marks]
b.
A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for approximately correct shape. Only if this mark
is awarded, award A1 for approximately correct roots and
maximum point and A1 for approximately correct endpoints.
Allow -1 < 𝑥 ≤ - 0 . 8, 0 . 8 ≤ 𝑥 < 1 for roots, 𝑥 = 0, 0 . 4 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 0 . 6
for maximum and 𝑥 = ± 2, - 0 . 6 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ - 0 . 4 for endpoints.
[3 marks]
21N.2.SL.TZ0.7
a.i.
AP
42
OR
215
84
OR
65
42
+
215
84
(M1)
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time = 4 . 10714 … (hours)
time = 4 . 11 (hours) A1
[2 marks]
a.ii. AB = √2152 + 652 = 224 . 610 … (A1)
time = 5 . 34787 … (hours) time = 5 . 35 (hours) A1
[2 marks]
b.i. AD = √215 - 𝑥2 + 652 (A1)
√215 - 𝑥2 + 652
𝑡=
42
(A1)
𝑇=
√215 - 𝑥2 + 652 𝑥
+ 84 =
√𝑥2 - 430𝑥 + 50450
+ 84
𝑥
A1 [3 marks]
42 42
b.ii.
valid approach to find the minimum for 𝑇 (may be seen in (iii))
(M1)
graph of 𝑇 OR 𝑇' = 0 OR graph of 𝑇' 𝑥 = 177 . 472 … km
𝑥 = 177 km A1 [2 marks]
b.iii. 𝑇 = 3 . 89980 … 𝑇 = 3 . 90 (hours) A1
Note: Only allow FT in (b)(ii) and (iii) for 0 < 𝑥 < 215 and a function 𝑇
that has a minimum in that interval.
[1 mark]
c.i. √215 - 𝑥2 + 652
𝐶 = 200 ·
42
+ 150 ·
𝑥
84
(A1)
valid approach to find the minimum for 𝐶𝑥 (may be seen in (ii))
(M1)
graph of 𝐶 OR 𝐶' = 0 OR graph of 𝐶' 𝑥 = 188 . 706 … km
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𝑥 = 189 km A1
Note: Only allow FT from (b) if the function 𝑇 has a minimum in
0 < 𝑥 < 215.
[3 marks]
c.ii. 𝐶 = 670 . 864 𝐶 = $ 671 A1
Note: Only allow FT from (c)(i) if the function 𝐶 has a minimum in
0 < 𝑥 < 215.
[1 mark]
22M.1.AHL.TZ2.3
a.i.
𝑥= -1 A1
[1 mark]
a.ii. 𝑦=2 A1 [1 mark]
b.
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rational function shape with two branches in opposite quadrants,
with two correctly positioned asymptotes and asymptotic behaviour
shown A1
axes intercepts clearly shown at 𝑥 =
1
2
and 𝑦 = - 1 A1A1
[3 marks]
c. 𝑥>
1
2
A1
Note: Accept correct alternative correct notation, such as 12 , ∞
1
and ] , ∞ [.
2
[1 mark]
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d. EITHER attempts to sketch 𝑦 =
2𝑥 - 1
(M1)
𝑥+1
OR
attempts to solve 2𝑥 - 1 = 0 (M1)
Note: Award the (M1) if 𝑥 = 12 and 𝑥 = 1
- 2 are identified. THEN
𝑥< -
1
2
or 𝑥 >
1
2
A1
Note: Accept the use of a comma. Condone the use of ‘and’. Accept
correct alternative notation.
[2 marks]
21N.2.SL.TZ0.8
a.
12 =
2π
𝑏
OR 𝑏 =
2π
12
A1
𝑏=
π
6
AG
[1 mark]
b. 𝑎=
6.8 - 2.2
2
OR 𝑎 =
max-min
2
(M1) = 2.3 m A1
[2 marks]
c. 𝑑=
6.8 + 2.2
2
OR 𝑑 =
max+min
2
(M1)
= 4.5 m A1 [2 marks]
d. METHOD 1
substituting 𝑡 = 4 . 5 and 𝐻 = 6 . 8 for example into their equation for
𝐻 (A1)
π
6 . 8 = 2 . 3 sin 6 4 . 5 - 𝑐 + 4 . 5
attempt to solve their equation (M1) 𝑐 = 1.5 A1
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METHOD 2 using horizontal translation of
12
4
(M1)
4.5 - 𝑐 = 3 (A1) 𝑐 = 1.5 A1 METHOD 3
π π
𝐻'𝑡 = 2 . 3 6 cos 6 𝑡 - 𝑐 (A1)
attempts to solve their 𝐻'4 . 5 = 0 for 𝑐 (M1)
π π
2 . 3 6 cos 6 4 . 5 - 𝑐 = 0 𝑐 = 1.5 A1 [3 marks]
e.
attempt to find 𝐻 when 𝑡 = 12 or 𝑡 = 0, graphically or algebraically
(M1)
𝐻 = 2 . 87365 … 𝐻 = 2 . 87 m A1 [2 marks]
f.
π
attempt to solve 5 = 2 . 3 sin 6 𝑡 - 1 . 5 + 4 . 5 (M1)
times are 𝑡 = 1 . 91852 … and
𝑡 = 7 . 08147 … , 𝑡 = 13 . 9185 … , 𝑡 = 19 . 0814 … (A1)
total time is 2 × 7 . 081 … - 1 . 919 … 10 . 3258 …
= 10 . 3 (hours) A1 [3 marks]
Note: Accept 10.
22M.1.AHL.TZ2.6
a.
attempts to replace 𝑥 with -𝑥 M1
𝑓-𝑥 = - 𝑥√1 - -𝑥2
= - 𝑥√1 - -𝑥2 = - 𝑓𝑥 A1
Note: Award M1A1 for an attempt to calculate both 𝑓-𝑥 and -𝑓-𝑥
independently, showing that they are equal.
Note: Award M1A0 for a graphical approach including evidence that
either the graph is invariant after rotation by 180° about the origin
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or the graph is invariant after a reflection in the 𝑦-axis and then in
the 𝑥-axis (or vice versa).
so 𝑓 is an odd function AG
[2 marks]
b.
attempts both product rule and chain rule differentiation to find 𝑓'𝑥
M1
1 1
1 -
𝑓'𝑥 = 𝑥 × 2 × -2𝑥 × 1 - 𝑥2 2 + 1 - 𝑥2 2 × 1 = √1 - 𝑥2 -
𝑥2
√1 - 𝑥2
A1
=
1 - 2𝑥2 sets their 𝑓'𝑥 = 0 M1 ⇒𝑥= ±
1
√2
A1
√1 - 𝑥2
attempts to find at least one of 𝑓±
1
√2
(M1)
Note: Award M1 for an attempt to evaluate 𝑓𝑥 at least at one of their
𝑓'𝑥 = 0 roots.
1
𝑎 = - 2 and 𝑏 =
1
2
A1 Note: Award A1 for - 12 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 12 .
[6 marks]
22M.1.AHL.TZ2.11
a.
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1
𝑦-intercept 0, - 3 A1
Note: Accept an indication of - 13 on the 𝑦-axis.
vertical asymptotes 𝑥 = - 1 and 𝑥 = 3 A1
horizontal asymptote 𝑦 = 0 A1
uses a valid method to find the 𝑥-coordinate of the local maximum
point (M1)
Note: For example, uses the axis of symmetry or attempts to solve
𝑓'𝑥 = 0.
local maximum point 1, - 4
1
A1
Note: Award (M1)A0 for a local maximum point at 𝑥 = 1 and
coordinates not given.
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three correct branches with correct asymptotic behaviour and the
key features in approximately correct relative positions to each
other A1
[6 marks]
b.i. 𝑥=
𝑦2
1
- 2𝑦 - 3
M1
Note: Award M1 for interchanging 𝑥 and 𝑦 (this can be done at a later
stage).
EITHER attempts to complete the square M1
𝑦2 - 2𝑦 - 3 = 𝑦 - 12 - 4 A1 𝑥=
1
𝑦 - 12 - 4
1
𝑦 - 12 - 4 = 𝑥 𝑦 - 12 = 4 + 𝑥
1
A1 𝑦 - 1 = ± √4 + 𝑥
1
= ±√
4𝑥 + 1
𝑥
OR attempts to solve 𝑥𝑦2 - 2𝑥𝑦 - 3𝑥 - 1 = 0 for 𝑦 M1
𝑦=
--2𝑥 ± √-2𝑥2 + 4𝑥3𝑥 + 1
2𝑥
A1
Note: Award A1 even if - (in ± ) is missing =
2𝑥 ± √16𝑥2 + 4𝑥
A1
2𝑥
THEN =1±
√4𝑥2 + 𝑥
A1
𝑥
𝑦 > 3 and hence 𝑦 = 1 -
√4𝑥2 + 𝑥
𝑥
is rejected R1
Note: Award R1 for concluding that the expression for 𝑦 must have
the ‘ + ’ sign.
The R1 may be awarded earlier for using the condition 𝑥 > 3.
𝑦=1+
√4𝑥2 + 𝑥
𝑔-1 𝑥 = 1 +
√4𝑥2 + 𝑥
AG [6 marks]
𝑥 𝑥
b.ii. domain of 𝑔-1 is 𝑥 > 0 A1 [1 mark]
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c. attempts to find ℎ ∘ 𝑔𝑎 (M1)
ℎ ∘ 𝑔𝑎 = arctan 2
𝑔𝑎
ℎ ∘ 𝑔𝑎 = arctan 2𝑎2 - 2𝑎 - 3
1
(A1)
𝑔𝑎
arctan =
2
π
4
arctan
2a2
1
- 2a - 3
=
π
4
attempts to solve for 𝑔𝑎 M1
⇒ 𝑔𝑎 = 2
1
𝑎2 - 2𝑎 - 3
=2 EITHER ⇒ 𝑎 = 𝑔-1 2 A1
attempts to find their 𝑔-1 2 M1 𝑎=1+
√422 + 2
A1
2
Note: Award all available marks to this stage if 𝑥 is used instead of 𝑎.
⇒ 2𝑎2 - 4𝑎 - 7 = 0 A1
OR
attempts to solve their quadratic equation M1
𝑎=
--4 ± √-42 + 427
4
=
4 ± √72
4
A1
Note: Award all available marks to this stage if 𝑥 is used instead of 𝑎.
3
𝑎 = 1 + 2 √2 (as 𝑎 > 3) A1 𝑝 = 1, 𝑞 = 3, 𝑟 = 2
THEN
Note: Award A1 for 𝑎 = 1 + 12 √18 𝑝 = 1, 𝑞 = 1, 𝑟 = 18
[7 marks]
22M.1.AHL.TZ2.8
let 𝑚 be the median
EITHER
attempts to find the area of the required triangle M1
base is 𝑚 - 𝑎 (A1)
2
and height is 𝑚-𝑎
𝑏 - 𝑎𝑐 - 𝑎
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1
area = 2 𝑚 - 𝑎 × 𝑏 - 𝑎𝑐 - 𝑎 𝑚 - 𝑎
2
=
𝑚 - 𝑎2
𝑏 - 𝑎𝑐 - 𝑎
A1
OR
attempts to integrate the correct function M1
𝑚
2
∫ 𝑏 - 𝑎𝑐 - 𝑎 𝑥 - 𝑎 d 𝑥
𝑎
𝑚 𝑚
=
2
𝑏 - 𝑎𝑐 - 𝑎 2
1
𝑥-𝑎 2
𝑎
OR
2 𝑥2
𝑏 - 𝑎𝑐 - 𝑎 2
- 𝑎𝑥
𝑎
A1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct integration and A1 for correct limits.
THEN
𝑚
sets up (their) ∫
𝑏 - 𝑎𝑐 - 𝑎
2
𝑥 - 𝑎 d 𝑥 or area =
1
2
M1
𝑎
Note: Award M0A0A0M1A0A0 if candidates conclude that 𝑚 > 𝑐 and
1
set up their area or sum of integrals = .
2
𝑚 - 𝑎2 1
𝑏 - 𝑎𝑐 - 𝑎
= 2
𝑚=𝑎±√
𝑏 - 𝑎𝑐 - 𝑎
2
(A1)
𝑏 - 𝑎𝑐 - 𝑎
as 𝑚 > 𝑎, rejects 𝑚 = 𝑎 - √
2
so 𝑚 = 𝑎 + √
𝑏 - 𝑎𝑐 - 𝑎
2
A1
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[6 marks]
22M.1.AHL.TZ2.12
a.
𝑧2 ∗ = 𝑟2 e-i𝜃 (A1)
𝑧1 𝑧2 ∗ = 𝑟1 ei𝛼 𝑟2 e-i𝜃 A1
𝑧1 𝑧2 ∗ = 𝑟1 𝑟2 ei𝛼 - 𝜃 AG
Note: Accept working in modulus-argument form
[2 marks]
b. Re𝑧1 𝑧2 ∗ = 𝑟1 𝑟2 cos𝛼 - 𝜃 =0 A1
𝛼 - 𝜃 = arcos 0 𝑟1 , 𝑟2 > 0 𝛼-𝜃=
π
2
(as 0 < 𝛼 - 𝜃 < π) A1
so Z1 OZ2 is a right-angled triangle AG [2 marks]
c.i. EITHER 𝑧1
=
𝑟1 i𝛼 - 𝜃
e =e
π
i3
(since 𝑟1 = 𝑟2 ) (M1)
𝑧2 𝑟2
OR
π π π
𝑧1 = 𝑟2 𝑒
𝑖𝜃 + 3
=
i
𝑟2 ei𝜃 e 3 (M1) 𝑧1 = 𝑧2 e
i3
A1
THEN
Note: Accept working in either modulus-argument form to obtain
π π 1 3
𝑧1 = 𝑧2 cos 3 + i sin 3 or in Cartesian form to obtain 𝑧1 = 𝑧2 2 + √2 i.
[2 marks]
M1
π
c.ii. substitutes 𝑧1 = 𝑧2 ei 3 into 𝑧1 2 + 𝑧2 2
2π
𝑧1 2 + 𝑧2 2 = 𝑧2 2 e i 3 + 𝑧2 2
2π
= 𝑧2 2 e i 3 + 1 A1 EITHER
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A1
2π π 2π 1 3
i3 i3
e +1=e 𝑧2 2 ei 3 + 1 = 𝑧2 2 - 2 + √2 i + 1
OR
1
= 𝑧2 2 2 + √2 i
3
A1 THEN 𝑧1 2 + 𝑧2 2 = 𝑧2 2 e i 3
π
= 𝑧2 𝑧2 e
i
π
3
i
π
and 𝑧2 e = 𝑧1
3 A1 so 𝑧1 2 + 𝑧2 2 = 𝑧1 𝑧2 AG
Note: For candidates who work on the LHS and RHS separately to
show equality, award M1A1 for
= 𝑧2 2 ei 3 + 1, A1 for 𝑧1 𝑧2 = 𝑧2 2 ei 3 and A1
2π 2π π
𝑧1 2 + 𝑧2 2 = 𝑧2 2 e i 3 + 𝑧2 2
2π π
for ei 3 + 1 = ei 3 . Accept working in either modulus-argument form
or in Cartesian form.
[4 marks]
d. METHOD 1 𝑧1 + 𝑧2 = - 𝑎 and 𝑧1 𝑧2 = 𝑏 (A1)
𝑎2 = 𝑧1 2 + 𝑧2 2 + 2𝑧1 𝑧2 A1 𝑎2 = 2𝑧1 𝑧2 + 𝑧1 𝑧2 = 3𝑧1 𝑧2 A1
substitutes 𝑏 = 𝑧1 𝑧2 into their expression M1
𝑎2 = 2𝑏 + 𝑏 OR 𝑎2 = 3𝑏 A1
Note: If 𝑧1 + 𝑧2 = - 𝑎 is not clearly recognized, award maximum
(A0)A1A1M1A0.
so 𝑎2 - 3𝑏 = 0 AG METHOD 2
𝑧1 + 𝑧2 = - 𝑎 and 𝑧1 𝑧2 = 𝑏 (A1)
𝑧1 + 𝑧2 2 = 𝑧1 2 + 𝑧2 2 + 2𝑧1 𝑧2 A1
𝑧1 + 𝑧2 2 = 2𝑧1 𝑧2 + 𝑧1 𝑧2 = 3𝑧1 𝑧2 A1
substitutes 𝑏 = 𝑧1 𝑧2 and 𝑧1 + 𝑧2 = - 𝑎 into their expression M1
𝑎2 = 2𝑏 + 𝑏 OR 𝑎2 = 3𝑏 A1
Note: If 𝑧1 + 𝑧2 = - 𝑎 is not clearly recognized, award
maximum (A0)A1A1M1A0.
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[5 marks]
so 𝑎2 - 3𝑏 = 0 AG
e. 𝑎2 - 3 × 12 = 0 𝑎= ±6 ⇒ 𝑧2 ± 6𝑧 + 12 = 0 A1
for 𝑎 = - 6:
5π
𝑧1 = 3 + √3 i, 𝑧2 = 3 - √3 i and 𝛼 - 𝜃 = - which does not satisfy
3
0<𝛼-𝜃<𝜋 R1
for 𝑎 = 6: 𝑧1 = - 3 - √3 i, 𝑧2 = - 3 + √3 i and 𝛼 - 𝜃 =
π
3
A1
so (for 0 < 𝛼 - 𝜃 < 𝜋), only one equilateral triangle can be formed
from point O and the two roots of this equation AG
[3 marks]
22M.2.SL.TZ1.4
a.
0 . 41 + 𝑘 - 0 . 28 + 0 . 46 + 0 . 29 - 2𝑘2 = 1 OR 𝑘 - 2𝑘2 + 0 . 01 = 0 . 13 (or
equivalent) A1
2𝑘2 - 𝑘 + 0 . 12 = 0 AG
[1 mark]
b. one of 0 . 2 OR 0 . 3 (M1) 𝑘 = 0.3 A1
reasoning to reject 𝑘 = 0 . 2 eg P1 = 𝑘 - 0 . 28 ≥ 0 therefore 𝑘 ≠ 0 . 2
R1
[3 marks]
c. attempting to use the expected value formula (M1)
E ( 𝑋 ) = 0 × 0 . 41 + 1 × 0 . 3 - 0 . 28 + 2 × 0 . 46 + 3 × 0 . 29 - 2 × 0 . 32
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= 1 . 27 A1
Note: Award M1A0 if additional values are given.
[2 marks]
22M.3.AHL.TZ2.1
a.i.
approximately symmetric about the 𝑥-axis graph of 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 A1
including cusp/sharp point at ( 0, 0 ) A1
[2 marks]
Note: Final A1 can be awarded if intersections are in approximate
correct place with respect to the axes shown. Award A1A1A1A0 if
graphs ‘merge’ or ‘cross’ or are discontinuous at 𝑥-axis but are
otherwise correct. Award A1A0A0A0 if only one correct branch of
both curves are seen.
Note: If they sketch graphs on separate axes, award a maximum of 2
marks for the ‘best’ response seen. This is likely to be A1A1A0A0.
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a.ii.
approximately symmetric about the 𝑥-axis graph of 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 1 with
approximately correct gradient at axes intercepts A1
some indication of position of intersections at 𝑥 = − 1, 𝑦 = ± 1
A1
[2 marks]
Note: Final A1 can be awarded if intersections are in approximate
correct place with respect to the axes shown. Award A1A1A1A0 if
graphs ‘merge’ or ‘cross’ or are discontinuous at 𝑥-axis but are
otherwise correct. Award A1A0A0A0 if only one correct branch of
both curves are seen.
Note: If they sketch graphs on separate axes, award a maximum of 2
marks for the ‘best’ response seen. This is likely to be A1A1A0A0.
b.i. 0, 1 and 0, -1 A1 [1 mark]
b.ii. Any two from:
𝑦2 = 𝑥3 has a cusp/sharp point, (the other does not)
graphs have different domains
𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 1 has points of inflexion, (the other does not)
graphs have different 𝑥-axis intercepts (one goes through the origin,
and the other does not)
graphs have different 𝑦-axis intercepts A1
Note: Follow through from their sketch in part (a)(i). In accordance
with marking rules, mark their first two responses and ignore any
subsequent.
[1 mark]
c. Any two from: as , 𝑥 → ∞ , 𝑦 → ± ∞
as 𝑥 → ∞ , 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 𝑏 is approximated by 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 (or similar)
they have 𝑥 intercepts at 𝑥 = - 3√𝑏
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they have 𝑦 intercepts at 𝑦 = ± √𝑏 they all have the same range
𝑦 = 0 (or 𝑥-axis) is a line of symmetry
they all have the same line of symmetry 𝑦 = 0
they have one 𝑥-axis intercept they have two 𝑦-axis intercepts
they have two points of inflexion
at 𝑥-axis intercepts, curve is vertical/infinite gradient
there is no cusp/sharp point at 𝑥-axis intercepts A1A1
Note: The last example is the only valid answer for things “not”
present. Do not credit an answer of “they are all symmetrical”
without some reference to the line of symmetry.
Note: Do not allow same/ similar shape or equivalent.
Note: In accordance with marking rules, mark their first two
responses and ignore any subsequent.
[2 marks]
d.i. METHOD 1 attempt to differentiate implicitly M1
d𝑦
2𝑦 d 𝑥 = 3𝑥2 + 1 A1
d𝑦
d𝑥
=
3𝑥2 + 1
2𝑦
d𝑦
OR ± 2√𝑥3 + 𝑥 d 𝑥 = 3𝑥2 + 1 A1
d𝑦
= ±
3𝑥2 + 1
AG METHOD 2
d𝑥 2√𝑥3 + 𝑥
attempt to use chain rule 𝑦 = ± √𝑥3 + 𝑥 M1
1
d𝑦
d𝑥
1 -
= ± 2 𝑥3 + 𝑥 2 3𝑥2 + 1 A1A1
1
Note: Award A1 for ±
1 3
2
𝑥 + 𝑥 , A1 for 3𝑥2 + 1
-2
d𝑦
= ±
3𝑥2 + 1
AG [3 marks]
d𝑥 2√𝑥3 + 𝑥
d.ii. EITHER
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d𝑦
local minima/maxima occur when =0
d𝑥
OR
1 + 3𝑥2 = 0 has no (real) solutions (or equivalent) R1
𝑥2 ≥ 0 ⇒ 3𝑥2 + 1 > 0, so
d𝑦
≠0 R1
d𝑥
THEN
so, no local minima/maxima exist AG [1 mark]
e. EITHER attempt to use quotient rule to find
d2 𝑦
M1
d 𝑥2
1
-
d2 - 1 + 3𝑥 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 1 + 3𝑥2
A1A1
𝑦 12𝑥√𝑥 + 𝑥3 2 3
= ±
d 𝑥2 4𝑥 + 𝑥3
Note: Award A1 for correct1 12𝑥√𝑥 + 𝑥3 and correct denominator, A1
-
for correct -1 + 3𝑥2 𝑥 + 𝑥3 2 1 + 3𝑥2 .
Note: Future A marks may be awarded if the denominator is missing
or incorrect.
stating or using
d2 𝑦
d 𝑥2
= 0 (may be seen anywhere) (M1)
1
2 3-2
12𝑥√𝑥 + 𝑥3 = 1 + 3𝑥 𝑥 + 𝑥 1 + 3𝑥2
OR
d2 𝑦
attempt to use product rule to find
d 𝑥2
M1
3 1
d2 𝑦
d 𝑥2
=
1
2
3𝑥2
1
+ 1- 2 3𝑥2 + 1𝑥3 +𝑥 +
-
2 3𝑥𝑥3 +𝑥
-
2 A1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct first term, A1 for correct second term.
setting
d2 𝑦
d 𝑥2
=0 (M1) OR
attempts implicit differentiation on 2𝑦
d𝑦
d𝑥
= 3𝑥2 + 1 M1
d 𝑦2
2 d 𝑥 + 2𝑦 d 𝑥2 = 6𝑥
d2 𝑦
A1 recognizes that
d2 𝑦
d 𝑥2
=0 (M1)
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(A1)
d𝑦 3𝑥2 +1
= ± √3𝑥 ± = ± √3𝑥
d𝑥 2√𝑥3 + 𝑥
THEN
2 12𝑥2 + 12𝑥4 = 9𝑥4 + 6𝑥2 + 1
12𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥3 = 1 + 3𝑥2
3𝑥4 + 6𝑥2 - 1 = 0 A1
attempt to use quadratic formula or equivalent (M1)
A1
-6 ± √48
𝑥2 = 𝑥>0⇒𝑥=√
2√3 - 3
𝑝 = 2, 𝑞 = - 3, 𝑟 = 3
6 3
Note: Accept any integer multiple of 𝑝, 𝑞 and 𝑟 (e.g. 4, - 6 and 6).
[7 marks]
f.i. attempt to find tangent line through -1, -1 (M1)
3
𝑦 + 1 = - 2 𝑥 + 1 OR 𝑦 = - 1 . 5𝑥 - 2 . 5 A1 [2 marks]
f.ii. attempt to solve simultaneously with 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 2 (M1)
Note: The M1 mark can be awarded for an unsupported correct
answer in an incorrect format (e.g. ( 4 . 25, - 8 . 875 ) ).
[2 marks]
obtain
17
4
, -
71
8
A1
g. attempt to find equation of [QS] (M1)
𝑦-1
𝑥+1
79
= - 42 = - 1 . 88095 … (A1)
solve simultaneously with 𝑦2 = 𝑥3 + 2 (M1)
𝑥 = 0 . 28798 … =
127
441
A1 𝑦 = - 1 . 4226 … =
13175
9261
A1
0 . 228, - 1 . 42 OR
attempt to find vector equation of [QS] (M1)
21 21 79
𝑥= -1+ 𝜆 𝑦=1- 𝜆
𝑥 -1
(A1)
4 4 8
𝑦 = 1 + 𝜆 79
-8
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79 2 21 3 𝜆 = 0 . 2453 …
attempt to solve 1 - 8
𝜆 = -1 +
4
𝜆 +2 (M1)
𝑥 = 0 . 28798 … =
127
441
A1 𝑦 = - 1 . 4226 … =
13175
9261
A1
0 . 228, - 1 . 42 [5 marks]
22M.3.AHL.TZ2.2
a.
attempt to expand 𝑥 - 𝛼𝑥 - 𝛽𝑥 - 𝛾 M1
= 𝑥2 - 𝛼 + 𝛽𝑥 + 𝛼𝛽𝑥 - 𝛾 OR = 𝑥 - 𝛼𝑥2 - 𝛽 + 𝛾𝑥 + 𝛽𝛾 A1
𝑥3 + 𝑝𝑥2 + 𝑞𝑥 + 𝑟 = 𝑥3 - 𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾𝑥2 + 𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼𝑥 - 𝛼𝛽𝛾 A1
comparing coefficients:
𝑝= -𝛼+𝛽+𝛾 AG
𝑞 = 𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼 AG
𝑟 = - 𝛼𝛽𝛾 AG
Note: For candidates who do not include the AG lines award full
marks.
[3 marks]
b.i. 𝑝2 - 2𝑞 = 𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾2 - 2𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼 (A1)
attempt to expand 𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾2 (M1)
= 𝛼2 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾2 + 2𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼 - 2𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼 or equivalent A1
= 𝛼 2 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾 2 AG
Note: Accept equivalent working from RHS to LHS. [3 marks]
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b.ii. EITHER attempt to expand 𝛼 - 𝛽2 + 𝛽 - 𝛾2 + 𝛾 - 𝛼2 (M1)
= 𝛼2 + 𝛽2 - 2𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾2 - 2𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾2 + 𝛼2 - 2𝛾𝛼 A1
= 2𝛼2 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾2 - 2𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼
= 2𝑝2 - 2𝑞 - 2𝑞 or equivalent A1 = 2𝑝2 - 6𝑞 AG
OR
attempt to write 2𝑝2 - 6𝑞 in terms of 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾 (M1)
= 2𝑝2 - 2𝑞 - 2𝑞 = 2𝛼2 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾2 - 2𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼 A1
= 𝛼2 + 𝛽2 - 2𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾2 - 2𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾2 + 𝛼2 - 2𝛾𝛼 A1
= 𝛼 - 𝛽2 + 𝛽 - 𝛾 2 + 𝛾 - 𝛼 2 AG
Note: Accept equivalent working where LHS and RHS are expanded
to identical expressions.
[3 marks]
c. 𝑝2 < 3𝑞 ⇒ 2𝑝2 - 6𝑞 < 0 ⇒ 𝛼 - 𝛽2 + 𝛽 - 𝛾 2 + 𝛾 - 𝛼 2 < 0 A1
if all roots were real 𝛼 - 𝛽2 + 𝛽 - 𝛾2 + 𝛾 - 𝛼2 ≥ 0 R1
Note: Condone strict inequality in the R1 line.
Note: Do not award A0R1.
[2 marks]
⇒ roots cannot all be real AG
d. 𝑝2 = -72 = 49 and 3𝑞 = 51 A1
so 𝑝2 < 3𝑞 ⇒ the equation has at least one complex root R1
Note: Allow equivalent comparisons; e.g. checking 𝑝2 < 6𝑞
[2 marks]
e.i. use of GDC (eg graphs or tables) (M1) 𝑞 = 12 A1
[2 marks]
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e.ii.
complex roots appear in conjugate pairs (so if complex roots occur
the other root will be real OR all 3 roots will be real).
OR
a cubic curve always crosses the 𝑥-axis at at least one point. R1
[1 mark]
f.i. attempt to expand 𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾 + 𝛿2 (M1)
𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾 + 𝛿2 = 𝛼2 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾2 + 𝛿2 + 2𝛼𝛽 + 𝛼𝛾 + 𝛼𝛿 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛽𝛿 + 𝛾𝛿
(A1)
⇒ 𝛼2 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾2 + 𝛿2 = 𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾 + 𝛿2 - 2𝛼𝛽 + 𝛼𝛾 + 𝛼𝛿 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛽𝛿 + 𝛾𝛿
⇒ 𝛼2 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾2 + 𝛿2 = 𝑝2 - 2𝑞 A1 [3 marks]
f.ii. 𝑝2 < 2𝑞 OR 𝑝2 - 2𝑞 < 0 A1
Note: Allow FT on their result from part (f)(i). [1 mark]
g. 4 < 6 OR 22 - 2 × 3 < 0 R1
hence there is at least one complex root. AG
Note: Allow FT from part (f)(ii) for the R mark provided numerical
reasoning is seen.
[1 mark]
h.i. 𝑝2 > 2𝑞 81 > 2 × 24 (so) nothing can be deduced R1
Note: Do not allow FT for the R mark. [1 mark]
h.ii. -1 A1 [1 mark]
h.iii.
attempt to express as a product of a linear and cubic factor M1
𝑥 + 1𝑥3 - 10𝑥2 + 34𝑥 - 12 A1A1
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Note: Award A1 for each factor. Award at most A1A0 if not written as
a product.
since for the cubic, 𝑝2 < 3𝑞 100 < 102 R1
there is at least one complex root AG [4 marks]
22M.1.SL.TZ1.7
a.
EITHER
attempt to use 𝑥 = -
2𝑎
𝑏
(M1)
-12
𝑞 = - 2×3
OR
attempt to complete the square (M1)
3𝑥 - 22 - 12 + 𝑝
OR
attempt to differentiate and equate to 0 (M1)
𝑓 '' 𝑥 = 6𝑥 - 12 = 0
THEN
𝑞=2 A1
[2 marks]
b.i. discriminant = 0 A1 [1 mark]
b.ii. EITHER attempt to substitute into 𝑏2 - 4𝑎𝑐 (M1)
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-122 - 4 × 3 × 𝑝 = 0 A1 𝑓' ( 2 ) = 0 (M1)
OR
-12 + 𝑝 = 0 A1 𝑝 = 12 A1 [3 marks]
THEN
c. 𝑓''𝑥 = 6𝑥 - 12 A1 attempt to find 𝑓''0 (M1) = 6 × 0 - 12
gradient = - 12 A1 [3 marks]
d.
A1A1
Note: Award A1 for line with positive gradient, A1 for correct
intercepts.
[2 marks]
e.i. 𝑎=2 A1 [1 mark]
e.ii. 𝑥<2 A1
𝑓 '' 𝑥 < 0 (for 𝑥 < 2) OR the 𝑓 '' is below the 𝑥-axis (for 𝑥 < 2)
OR [2 marks]
𝑓 '' (sign diagram must be labelled 𝑓 '' ) R1
22M.2.SL.TZ1.8
a.i.
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𝑥= -4 A1
[1 mark]
a.ii.
𝑎
attempt to substitute into 𝑦 = 𝑐 OR table with large values of 𝑥 OR
sketch of 𝑓 showing asymptotic behaviour (M1)
𝑦=4 A1 [2 marks]
4𝑥 + 1
b.i. 𝑦=
𝑥+4
attempt to interchange 𝑥 and 𝑦 (seen anywhere) M1
𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 1 OR 𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑥 = 4𝑦 + 1 (A1)
𝑥𝑦 - 4𝑥 = 1 - 4𝑦 OR 𝑥𝑦 - 4𝑦 = 1 - 4𝑥 (A1)
𝑓-1 𝑥 =
1 - 4𝑥
𝑥-4
(accept 𝑦 =
1 - 4𝑥
𝑥-4
) A1 [4 marks]
b.ii. reflection in 𝑦-axis given by 𝑓-𝑥 (M1)
𝑓-𝑥 =
-4𝑥 + 1
-𝑥 + 4
(A1)
reflection of their 𝑓-𝑥 in 𝑥-axis given by -𝑓-𝑥 accept "now -𝑓𝑥" M1
-𝑓-𝑥 = -
-4𝑥 + 1
-𝑥 + 4
=
-4𝑥 + 1
𝑥-4
OR
4𝑥 - 1
-𝑥 + 4
A1
=
1 - 4𝑥
𝑥-4
= 𝑓-1 𝑥 AG
Note: If the candidate attempts to show the result using a particular
coordinate on the graph of 𝑓 rather than a general coordinate on the
graph of 𝑓, where appropriate, award marks as follows:
M0A0 for eg ( 2, 3 ) → ( − 2, 3 )
M0A0 for ( − 2, 3 ) → ( − 2, − 3 )
[4 marks]
c.i.
attempt to solve 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑓-1 𝑥 using graph or algebraically (M1)
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𝑝 = - 1 AND 𝑞 = 1 A1
Note: Award (M1)A0 if only one correct value seen. [2 marks]
c.ii.
attempt to set up an integral to find area between 𝑓 and 𝑓-1
(M1)
1
∫
4𝑥 + 1
-
1 - 4𝑥
d𝑥 (A1)
= 0 . 675231 … = 0 . 675 A1
-1 𝑥 + 4 𝑥-4
[3 marks]
22M.1.SL.TZ1.8
a.i.
EITHER
attempt to use a ratio from consecutive terms M1
1
𝑝 ln 𝑥 ln 𝑥 1 1
ln 𝑥
= 3
𝑝 ln 𝑥
OR 3
ln 𝑥 = ln 𝑥𝑟2 OR 𝑝 ln 𝑥 = ln 𝑥 3𝑝
1
Note: Candidates may use ln 𝑥1 + ln 𝑥𝑝 + ln 𝑥 3 … and consider the
powers of 𝑥 in geometric sequence
1
Award M1 for
𝑝
1
= 3
𝑝
.
OR
𝑟 = 𝑝 and 𝑟2 =
1
3
M1
THEN
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𝑝2 =
1
3
OR 𝑟 = ±
1
√3
A1
𝑝= ±
1
√3
AG
Note: Award M0A0 for 𝑟2 = 13 or 𝑝2 = 13 with no other working seen.
[2 marks]
a.ii.
ln 𝑥
1 = 3 + √3 (A1)
1-
√3
3 3
ln 𝑥 = 3 - + √3 - √3 OR ln 𝑥 = 3 - √3 + √3 - 1 ⇒ ln 𝑥 = 2
√3 √
A1
𝑥 = e2 A1 [3 marks]
b.i. METHOD 1
attempt to find a difference from consecutive terms or from 𝑢2
M1
correct equation A1
1 1
𝑝 ln 𝑥 - ln 𝑥 = 3 ln 𝑥 - 𝑝 ln 𝑥 OR ln 𝑥 = ln 𝑥 + 2𝑝 ln 𝑥 - ln 𝑥
3
1
Note: Candidates may use ln 𝑥1 + ln 𝑥𝑝 + ln 𝑥 3 + … and consider
the powers of 𝑥 in arithmetic sequence.
Award M1A1 for 𝑝 - 1 =
1
-𝑝
3
2𝑝 ln 𝑥 = 3 ln 𝑥
4
⇒ 2𝑝 =
4
3
A1 𝑝=
2
3
AG
METHOD 2 attempt to use arithmetic mean 𝑢2 =
𝑢1 + 𝑢3
2
M1
1
ln 𝑥 + ln 𝑥 2𝑝 ln 𝑥 = 3 ln 𝑥
4
⇒ 2𝑝 =
4
A1
𝑝 ln 𝑥 =
2
3
A1 3
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𝑝=
2
3
AG METHOD 3
attempt to find difference using 𝑢3 M1
1 1
ln 𝑥 = ln 𝑥 + 2𝑑 ⇒ 𝑑 = - ln 𝑥
3 3
11
𝑢2 = ln 𝑥 + 2 3 ln 𝑥 - ln 𝑥 OR 𝑝 ln 𝑥 - ln 𝑥 = - 3 ln 𝑥
1
A1
𝑝 ln 𝑥 = 3 ln 𝑥
2
A1 𝑝=
2
3
AG [3 marks]
b.ii.
1
𝑑 = - 3 ln 𝑥 A1 [1 mark]
b.iii. METHOD 1 𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = 2 2 ln 𝑥 + 𝑛 - 1 × - 3 ln 𝑥
1
attempt to substitute into 𝑆𝑛 and equate to -3 ln 𝑥 (M1)
𝑛 1
2 ln 𝑥 + 𝑛 - 1 × - 3 ln 𝑥 = - 3 ln 𝑥
2
correct working with 𝑆𝑛 (seen anywhere) (A1)
𝑛 𝑛 1 𝑛𝑛 - 1 𝑛 4-𝑛
2 ln 𝑥 - 3 ln 𝑥 + 3 ln 𝑥 OR 𝑛 ln 𝑥 - ln 𝑥 OR ln 𝑥 + ln 𝑥
2 6 2 3
correct equation without ln 𝑥 A1
𝑛7 𝑛 𝑛𝑛 - 1
- = - 3 OR 𝑛 - = - 3 or equivalent
23 3 6
Note: Award as above if the series 1 + 𝑝 + 13 + … is considered
𝑛7 𝑛
leading to 23
-
3
= - 3.
𝑛2 - 7𝑛 - 18 = 0
attempt to form a quadratic = 0 (M1)
attempt to solve their quadratic (M1) 𝑛 - 9𝑛 + 2 = 0
𝑛=9 A1 METHOD 2
listing the first 7 terms of the sequence (A1)
2 1 1 2
ln 𝑥 + 3 ln 𝑥 + 3 ln 𝑥 + 0 - 3 ln 𝑥 - 3 ln 𝑥 - ln 𝑥 + …
recognizing first 7 terms sum to 0 M1
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8th term is - 3 ln 𝑥
4
(A1) 9th term is - ln 𝑥
5
3
(A1)
sum of 8th and 9th term = - 3 ln 𝑥 (A1) 𝑛=9 A1
[6 marks]
22M.1.SL.TZ1.1
a.
𝑚BC =
12 - 6
-14 - 4
= -3
1
(A1)
finding 𝑚𝐿 =
-1
𝑚BC
using their 𝑚BC (M1)
𝑚𝐿 = 3
𝑦 - 20 = 3𝑥 + 2, 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 26 A1
Note: Do not accept 𝐿 = 3𝑥 + 26
[3 marks]
b. substituting ( 𝑘, 2 ) into their 𝐿 (M1)
2 - 20 = 3𝑘 + 2 OR 2 = 3𝑘 + 26 𝑘= -8 A1 [2 marks]
22M.2.AHL.TZ1.8
a.
product of roots =
2𝑘 + 9
𝑘
A1
[1 mark]
b.
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recognition that the product of the roots will be negative (M1)
2𝑘 + 9
𝑘
<0
9
critical values 𝑘 = 0, - seen
2
(A1)
9
- <𝑘<0
2
A1 [3 marks]
22M.2.AHL.TZ1.6
a.
attempt to replace 𝑥 with -𝑥 M1
1
𝑓-𝑥 = 2-𝑥 - 2-𝑥
EITHER
=
1
2𝑥
- 2𝑥 = - 𝑓𝑥 A1
OR
= - 2𝑥 - 2𝑥 = - 𝑓𝑥
1
A1
Note: Award M1A0 for a graphical approach including evidence that
either the graph is invariant after rotation by 180° about the origin
or the graph is invariant after a reflection in the 𝑦-axis and then in
the 𝑥-axis (or vice versa).
so 𝑓 is an odd function AG
[2 marks]
b. attempt to find at least one intersection point (M1)
𝑥 = - 1 . 26686 … , 𝑥 = 0 . 177935 … , 𝑥 = 3 . 06167 …
𝑥 = - 1 . 27, 𝑥 = 0 . 178, 𝑥 = 3 . 06 -1 . 27 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ - 1, A1
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0 . 178 ≤ 𝑥 < 3, A1 𝑥 ≥ 3 . 06 A1 [4 marks]
22M.1.SL.TZ1.4
a.
( 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ) ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑓2𝑥 (A1)
𝑓2𝑥 = √3 sin 2𝑥 + cos 2𝑥 A1
[2 marks]
b. √3 sin 2𝑥 + cos 2𝑥 = 2 cos 2𝑥 √3 sin 2𝑥 = cos 2𝑥
recognising to use tan or cot M1
1
tan 2𝑥 = OR cot 2𝑥 = √3 (values may be seen in right triangle)
√3
(A1)
arctan
√3
1
=
𝜋
6
(seen anywhere) (accept degrees) (A1)
𝜋
2𝑥 = 6 ,
7𝜋
6
𝑥=
𝜋
12
,
7𝜋
12
A1A1
Note: Do not award the final A1 if any additional solutions are seen.
Award A1A0 for correct answers in degrees.
Award A0A0 for correct answers in degrees with additional values.
[5 marks]
22M.2.SL.TZ2.3
a.
METHOD 1
using geometric sequence with 𝑟 = 1 . 02 (M1)
correct expression or listing terms correctly (A1)
45000 × 1 . 0210 OR 45000 × 1 . 0211 - 1 OR listing terms
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Gemma’s salary is $ 54855 (must be to the nearest dollar) A1
METHOD 2
𝑁 = 10
PV = ∓ 45000
I% = 2
P/Y = 1
C/Y = 1
𝐹𝑉 = ± 54854 . 7489 … (M1)(A1)
Gemma’s salary is $ 54855 (must be to the nearest dollar) A1
[3 marks]
b.
finds 𝑎 = 1096 . 89 … and 𝑏 = - 2160753 . 8 … (accept
𝑏 = - 2 . 16 × 106 ) (A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1)(A1) for 𝑆 = 1096 . 89 … 𝑥 + 33028 . 49 … , or
𝑆 = 1096 . 89 … 𝑥 + 43997 . 4 … , or 𝑆 = 1096 . 89 … 𝑥 + 45094 . 3 …
Kaia’s salary in 2021 is $ 56063 . 21 (accept $ 56817 . 09 from
𝑏 = - 2 . 16 × 106 ) A1
Kaia had a higher salary than Gemma in 2021 AG [3 marks]
22M.2.SL.TZ2.8
a.i.
32 (cm) A1
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[1 mark]
a.ii. ℎ𝐴 0 = sin6 + 27 (M1) = 26 . 7205 …
= 26 . 7 (cm) A1 [2 marks]
b. attempts to solve ℎ𝐴 𝑡 = ℎ𝐵 𝑡 for 𝑡 (M1)
𝑡 = 4 . 00746 … , 4 . 70343 … , 5 . 88332 …
𝑡 = 4 . 01, 4 . 70, 5 . 88 (weeks) A2 [3 marks]
c. recognises that ℎ𝐴 '𝑡 and ℎ𝐵 '𝑡 are required (M1)
attempts to solve ℎ𝐴 '𝑡 = ℎ𝐵 '𝑡 for 𝑡 (M1)
𝑡 = 1 . 18879 … and 2 . 23598 … OR 4 . 33038 … and 5 . 37758 …
OR 7 . 47197 … and 8 . 51917 … (A1)
Note: Award full marks for
4π 5π 7π 8π 10π 11π
𝑡= - 3, - 3, - 3, -3 - 3, - 3.
3 3 3 3 3 3
Award subsequent marks for correct use of these exact values.
1 . 18879 … < 𝑡 < 2 . 23598 … OR 4 . 33038 … < 𝑡 < 5 . 37758 … OR
7 . 47197 … < 𝑡 < 8 . 51917 … (A1)
attempts to calculate the total amount of time (M1)
5π 4π
32 . 2359 … - 1 . 1887 … =33 -3- -3
3
= 3 . 14 = π (weeks) A1 [6 marks]
22M.2.AHL.TZ2.10
a.i.
32 (cm) A1
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[1 mark]
a.ii. ℎ𝐴 0 = sin6 + 27 (M1) = 26 . 7205 …
= 26 . 7 (cm) A1 [2 marks]
b. attempts to solve ℎ𝐴 𝑡 = ℎ𝐵 𝑡 for 𝑡 (M1)
𝑡 = 4 . 0074 … , 4 . 7034 … , 5 . 88332 …
𝑡 = 4 . 01, 4 . 70, 5 . 88 (weeks) A2 [3 marks]
c. ℎ𝐴 𝑡 - ℎ𝐵 𝑡 = sin2𝑡 + 6 + 𝑡 - 5 A1
EITHER
for 𝑡 > 6, 𝑡 - 5 > 1 A1
and as sin2𝑡 + 6 ≥ - 1 ⇒ ℎ𝐴 𝑡 - ℎ𝐵 𝑡 > 0 R1
OR
the minimum value of sin2𝑡 + 6 = - 1 R1
so for 𝑡 > 6, ℎ𝐴 𝑡 - ℎ𝐵 𝑡 = 𝑡 - 6 > 0 A1
THEN
hence for 𝑡 > 6, Plant 𝐴 was always taller than Plant 𝐵 AG
[3 marks]
d. recognises that ℎ𝐴 '𝑡 and ℎ𝐵 '𝑡 are required (M1)
attempts to solve ℎ𝐴 '𝑡 = ℎ𝐵 '𝑡 for 𝑡 (M1)
𝑡 = 1 . 18879 … and 2 . 23598 … OR 4 . 33038 … and 5 . 37758 …
OR 7 . 47197 … and 8 . 51917 … (A1)
Note: Award full marks for
4π 5π 7π 8π 10π 11π
𝑡= - 3, - 3, - 3, -3 - 3, - 3.
3 3 3 3 3 3
Award subsequent marks for correct use of these exact values.
1 . 18879 … < 𝑡 < 2 . 23598 … OR 4 . 33038 … < 𝑡 < 5 . 37758 … OR
7 . 47197 … < 𝑡 < 8 . 51917 … (A1)
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attempts to calculate the total amount of time (M1)
5π 4π
32 . 2359 … - 1 . 1887 … =33 -3- 3
-3
= 3 . 14 = π (weeks) A1 [6 marks]
22M.1.SL.TZ2.1
a.
𝑔(0) = - 2 A1
[1 mark]
b. evidence of using composite function (M1) 𝑓𝑔0 OR 𝑓-2
(𝑓∘𝑔) (0) = 8 A1 [2 marks]
c. 𝑥=3 A2 [2 marks]
22M.2.AHL.TZ2.11
a.
let 𝜙 be the required angle (bearing)
EITHER
𝜙 = 90° - arctan 2
1
= arctan 2 (M1)
Note: Award M1 for a labelled sketch.
OR
0 · 4
cos 𝜙 =
1 2
√1 × √20
= 0 . 4472 … , =
1
√5
(M1)
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𝜙 = arccos0 . 4472 …
THEN
063° A1
Note: Do not accept 063 . 6° or 63 . 4° or 1 . 10𝑐.
[2 marks]
b. METHOD 1
let 𝑏𝐴 be the speed of 𝐴 and let 𝑏𝐵 be the speed of 𝐵
attempts to find the speed of one of 𝐴 or 𝐵 (M1)
𝑏𝐴 = √-62 + 22 + 42 or 𝑏𝐵 = √42 + 22 + -22
Note: Award M0 for 𝑏𝐴 = √192 + -12 + 12 and 𝑏𝐵 = √12 + 02 + 122 .
𝑏𝐴 = 7 . 48 … = √56 (km min-1) and 𝑏𝐵 = 4 . 89 … = √24 (km min-
1) A1
𝑏𝐴 > 𝑏𝐵 so 𝐴 travels at a greater speed than 𝐵 AG
METHOD 2 attempts to use speed =
distance
time
speed𝐴 =
𝑟 𝐴 𝑡2 - 𝑟 𝐴 𝑡1
𝑡2 - 𝑡1
and speed𝐵 =
𝑟 𝐵 𝑡2 - 𝑟 𝐵 𝑡1
𝑡2 - 𝑡1
(M1) for example:
𝑟𝐴 1 - 𝑟𝐴 0 𝑟𝐵 1 - 𝑟𝐵 0
speed𝐴 = and speed𝐵 =
1 1
√-62 + 22 + 42 √42 + 22 + 22
speed𝐴 =
1
and speed𝐵 = 1
speed𝐴 = 7 . 48 … 2√14 and speed𝐵 = 4 . 89 … √24 A1
speed𝐴 > speed𝐵 so 𝐴 travels at a greater speed than 𝐵 AG
[2 marks]
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c.
attempts to use the angle between two direction vectors formula
(M1)
cos 𝜃 =
-64 + 22 + 4-2
√-62 + 22 + 42 √42 + 22 + -22
(A1)
7
cos 𝜃 = - 0 . 7637 … = - 84 or
√
𝜃 = arccos-0 . 7637 … = 2 . 4399 …
attempts to find the acute angle 180° - 𝜃 using their value of 𝜃
(M1)
= 40 . 2° A1 [4 marks]
d.i.
for example, sets 𝑟𝐴 𝑡1 = 𝑟𝐵 𝑡2 and forms at least two equations
(M1)
19 - 6𝑡1 = 1 + 4𝑡2 -1 + 2𝑡1 = 2𝑡2 1 + 4𝑡1 = 12 - 2𝑡2
Note: Award M0 for equations involving 𝑡 only. EITHER
attempts to solve the system of equations for one of 𝑡1 or 𝑡2
(M1)
𝑡1 = 2 or 𝑡2 =
3
A1
2
OR
attempts to solve the system of equations for 𝑡1 and 𝑡2 (M1)
𝑡1 = 2 or 𝑡2 =
3
A1
2
THEN
substitutes their 𝑡1 or 𝑡2 value into the corresponding 𝑟𝐴 or 𝑟𝐵
(M1)
P7, 3, 9 A1
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7
Note: Accept OP = 3 . Accept 7 km east of O, 3 km north of O and 9
→
9
km above sea level.
[5 marks]
d.ii. attempts to find the value of 𝑡1 - 𝑡2 (M1) 3
𝑡1 - 𝑡2 = 2 - 2
0 . 5 minutes (30 seconds) A1 [2 marks]
e. EITHER attempts to find 𝑟𝐵 - 𝑟𝐴 (M1)
-18 10 attempts to find their 𝐷 ( 𝑡 ) (M1)
𝑟𝐵 - 𝑟𝐴 = 1 + 𝑡 0
11 -6
𝐷 ( 𝑡 ) = √10𝑡 - 182 + 1 + 11 - 6𝑡2 A1
OR
attempts to find 𝑟𝐴 - 𝑟𝐵 (M1) 18 -10
𝑟𝐴 - 𝑟𝐵 = -1 + 𝑡 0
-11 6
attempts to find their 𝐷 ( 𝑡 ) (M1)
𝐷 ( 𝑡 ) = √18 - 10𝑡2 + -12 + -11 + 6𝑡2 A1
Note: Award M0M0A0 for expressions using two different time
parameters.
THEN
either attempts to find the local minimum point of 𝐷 ( 𝑡 ) or attempts
to find the value of 𝑡 such that 𝐷' ( 𝑡 ) = 0 (or equivalent) (M1)
𝑡 = 1 . 8088 … =
123 𝐷 ( 𝑡 ) = 1 . 01459 …
68
minimum value of 𝐷 ( 𝑡 ) is 1 . 01 = √1190
34
(km) A1
Note: Award M0 for attempts at the shortest distance between two
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lines.
[5 marks]
22M.2.AHL.TZ2.12
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a.
rate of growth (change) of the (marsupial) population (with respect
to time) A1
[1 mark]
Note: Do not accept growth (change) in the (marsupials) population
per year.
b. METHOD 1
d𝑃 𝑘𝑃2
attempts implicit differentiation on = 𝑘𝑃 - be expanding
d𝑡 𝑁
𝑘𝑃1 - 𝑁
𝑃
(M1)
d2 𝑃
=𝑘
d𝑃
-2𝑁
𝑘𝑃 d 𝑃
A1A1 =𝑘
d𝑃
d𝑡
1-
2𝑃
𝑁
A1
d 𝑡2 d𝑡 d𝑡
d𝑃 𝑃
= 𝑘𝑃1 - 𝑁 and so
d2 𝑃
= 𝑘2 𝑃1 - 𝑁 1 -
𝑃 2𝑃
AG METHOD 2
d𝑡 d 𝑡2 𝑁
d𝑃 𝑃
attempts implicit differentiation (product rule) on = 𝑘𝑃1 - 𝑁
d𝑡
M1
d2 𝑃
d 𝑡2
=𝑘
d𝑃
d𝑡
1-
𝑃
𝑁
+ 𝑘𝑃-
1 d𝑃
𝑁 d𝑡
A1
substitutes
d𝑃
d𝑡
𝑃
= 𝑘𝑃1 - 𝑁 into their
d2 𝑃
d 𝑡2
M1
d2 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 1 𝑃 𝑃2 𝑃𝑃
= 𝑘𝑘𝑃1 - 1 - + 𝑘𝑃- 𝑘𝑃1 - = 𝑘2 𝑃1 - 𝑁 - 𝑘2 𝑃1 - 𝑁 𝑁
d 𝑡2 𝑁 𝑁 𝑁 𝑁
𝑃
= 𝑘2 𝑃1 - 𝑁 1 - 𝑁 - 𝑁
𝑃 𝑃
A1 so
d2 𝑃
= 𝑘2 𝑃1 - 𝑁 1 -
𝑃 2𝑃
AG
d 𝑡2 𝑁
[4 marks]
c. d2 𝑃
d 𝑡2
= 0 ⇒ 𝑘2 𝑃1 - 𝑁 1 -
𝑃 2𝑃
𝑁
=0 (M1) 𝑃 = 0, 2 , 𝑁
𝑁
A2
Note: Award A1 for 𝑃 = 𝑁2 only.
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𝑁
uses the second derivative to show that concavity changes at 𝑃 =
2
or the first derivative to show a local maximum at 𝑃 =
𝑁
2
M1
EITHER
d2 𝑃 𝑁
a clearly labelled correct sketch of d𝑡 2 versus 𝑃 showing 𝑃 = 2
corresponding to a local maximum point for
d𝑃
d𝑡
R1
OR
𝑁
a correct and clearly labelled sign diagram (table) showing 𝑃 =
2
corresponding to a local maximum point for
d𝑃
d𝑡
R1
OR
d2 𝑃 3𝑘2 𝑁 𝑁 d2 𝑃 3𝑘2 𝑁
for example, = > 0 with 𝑃 = and = < 0 with
d 𝑡2 32 4 d 𝑡2 32
3𝑁 𝑁 d𝑃
𝑃= showing 𝑃 = corresponds to a local maximum point for
4 2 d𝑡
R1
𝑁
so the population is increasing at its maximum rate when 𝑃 = 2
AG
[5 marks]
d. substitutes 𝑃 =
𝑁
2
into
d𝑃
d𝑡
(M1) d𝑃 𝑁
𝑁
2
= 𝑘21 -
d𝑡 𝑁
the maximum value of
d𝑃
d𝑡
is
𝑘𝑁
4
A1 [2 marks]
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e. METHOD 1 attempts to separate variables M1
𝑁
∫ 𝑃𝑁 - 𝑃 d 𝑃 = ∫ 𝑘 d 𝑡
attempts to write
𝑁
𝑃𝑁 - 𝑃
in partial fractions form M1
𝑁
𝑃𝑁 - 𝑃
≡
𝐴
𝑃
𝐵
+ 𝑁 - 𝑃 ⇒ 𝑁 ≡ 𝐴𝑁 - 𝑃 + 𝐵𝑃 𝐴 = 1, 𝐵 = 1 A1
𝑁 1 1 1 1
≡ + 𝑁-𝑃 ∫𝑃 + 𝑁-𝑃 d 𝑃 = ∫𝑘 d 𝑡
𝑃𝑁 - 𝑃 𝑃
⇒ ln 𝑃 - ln𝑁 - 𝑃 = 𝑘𝑡+𝐶 A1A1
Note: Award A1 for -ln𝑁 - 𝑃 and A1 for ln 𝑃 and 𝑘𝑡+𝐶. Absolute
value signs are not required.
attempts to find 𝐶 in terms of 𝑁 and 𝑃0 M1
when 𝑡 = 0, 𝑃 = 𝑃0 and so 𝐶 = ln 𝑃0 - ln𝑁 - 𝑃0
𝑃
so 𝑘𝑡 = ln 𝑃
𝑃 𝑁 - 𝑃0
AG
𝑃
𝑘𝑡 = ln 𝑁 - 𝑃 - ln 𝑁 - 𝑃
𝑃0
𝑜
= ln 𝑁𝑃-0𝑃 A1 0 𝑁-𝑃
𝑁 - 𝑃0
METHOD 2 attempts to separate variables M1
1
∫ 𝑃 d 𝑃 = ∫𝑘 d 𝑡
𝑃1 -
𝑁
attempts to write
1
𝑃 in partial fractions form M1
𝑃1 -
𝑁
1
𝑃 ≡
𝐴
𝑃
+
𝐵
1-
𝑃 ⇒ 1 ≡ 𝐴1 - 𝑁 + 𝐵𝑃
𝑃
𝐴 = 1, 𝐵 =
1
𝑁
A1
𝑃1 - 𝑁
𝑁
1 1 1 1 1
𝑃 ≡ + 𝑃 ∫𝑃+ 𝑃 d 𝑃 = ∫𝑘 d 𝑡
𝑃1 - 𝑃 𝑁1 - 𝑁1 -
𝑁 𝑁 𝑁
⇒ ln 𝑃 - ln1 - = 𝑘𝑡+𝐶
𝑁
𝑃
A1A1
Note: Award A1 for -ln1 - 𝑁𝑃 and A1 for ln 𝑃 and 𝑘𝑡+𝐶. Absolute
value signs are not required.
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𝑃 𝑁𝑃
ln 𝑃 = 𝑘𝑡 + 𝐶 ⇒ ln = 𝑘𝑡 + 𝐶
1- 𝑁-𝑃
𝑁
attempts to find 𝐶 in terms of 𝑁 and 𝑃0 M1
𝑁𝑃
when 𝑡 = 0, 𝑃 = 𝑃0 and so 𝐶 = ln 0
𝑁-𝑃 0
𝑃
𝑘𝑡 = ln 𝑃
𝑃 𝑁 - 𝑃0
AG
𝑘𝑡 = ln
𝑁𝑃
𝑁-𝑃
- ln
𝑁𝑃0
𝑁 - 𝑃0
= ln 𝑁𝑃-0𝑃 A1 0 𝑁-𝑃
𝑁 - 𝑃0
METHOD 3 lets 𝑢 =
1
𝑃
and forms
d𝑢
d𝑡
= -
1 d𝑃
𝑃2 d 𝑡
M1
1
multiplies both sides of the differential equation by - and makes
𝑃2
the above substitutions M1
1 d𝑃 1 1 d𝑢 1
- 2 d𝑡
= 𝑘𝑁 - 𝑃 ⇒ d𝑡
= 𝑘𝑁 - 𝑢
𝑃
d𝑢
d𝑡
+ 𝑘𝑢 =
𝑘
𝑁
(linear first-order DE) A1
IF = e ∫ 𝑘 d𝑡 = e𝑘𝑡 ⇒ e𝑘𝑡
d𝑢
d𝑡
+ 𝑘e𝑘𝑡 𝑢 = 𝑁 e𝑘𝑡
𝑘
(M1) d
d𝑡
𝑢e 𝑘𝑡 = e𝑘𝑡
𝑁
𝑘
𝑢e𝑘𝑡 = 𝑁 e𝑘𝑡 +𝐶
1 1 𝑘𝑡
𝑃
e
1
= 𝑁 e𝑘𝑡 +𝐶 A1
attempts to find 𝐶 in terms of 𝑁 and 𝑃0 M1
1 1 1 𝑁 - 𝑃0 𝑁-𝑃 𝑁 - 𝑃0
when 𝑡 = 0, 𝑃 = 𝑃0 , 𝑢 = and so 𝐶 = -𝑁= e𝑘𝑡 =
𝑃0 𝑃0 𝑁𝑃0 𝑁𝑃 𝑁𝑃0
e𝑘𝑡 = 𝑁 - 𝑃
𝑃 𝑁 - 𝑃0
𝑃0
A1 𝑘𝑡 = ln 𝑃
𝑃 𝑁 - 𝑃0
0 𝑁-𝑃
AG [7 marks]
f.
substitutes 𝑡 = 10, 𝑃 = 3𝑃0 and 𝑁 = 4𝑃0 into 𝑘𝑡 = ln
𝑃
𝑃 𝑁 - 𝑃0
0 𝑁-𝑃
M1
4𝑃 - 𝑃
10𝑘 = ln 3 4𝑃 0- 3𝑃0 = ln 9
0 0
𝑘 = 0 . 220 =
1
10
ln 9, = ln 3
1
5
A1 [2 marks]
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17M.1.SL.TZ1.S_9
a.
METHOD 1 (using x-intercept)
determining that 3 is an 𝑥-intercept (M1)
eg𝑥 − 3 = 0,
valid approach (M1)
𝑝+3
eg3 − 2.5, 2
= 2.5
𝑝=2 A1 N2
METHOD 2 (expanding f (x))
correct expansion (accept absence of 𝑎) (A1)
eg𝑎𝑥2 − 𝑎(3 + 𝑝)𝑥 + 3𝑎𝑝, 𝑥2 − (3 + 𝑝)𝑥 + 3𝑝
valid approach involving equation of axis of symmetry (M1)
−𝑏 𝑎(3 + 𝑝) 5 3+𝑝 5
eg 2𝑎 = 2.5, 2𝑎
= 2,
2
=
2
𝑝=2 A1 N2
METHOD 3 (using derivative)
correct derivative (accept absence of 𝑎) (A1)
eg𝑎(2𝑥 − 3 − 𝑝), 2𝑥 − 3 − 𝑝
valid approach (M1)
eg𝑓′ (2.5) = 0
𝑝=2 A1 N2
[3 marks]
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b. attempt to substitute (0, − 6) (M1)
eg−6 = 𝑎 ( 0 − 2 ) ( 0 − 3 ) , 𝑎 ( 0 ) 2 − 5𝑎 ( 0 ) + 6𝑎 = − 6
correct working (A1) eg−6 = 6𝑎 𝑎 = − 1 A1 N2 [3 marks]
c. METHOD 1 (using discriminant)
recognizing tangent intersects curve once (M1)
recognizing one solution when discriminant = 0 M1
attempt to set up equation (M1) eg𝑔 = 𝑓, 𝑘𝑥 − 5 = − 𝑥2 + 5𝑥 − 6
rearranging their equation to equal zero (M1)
eg𝑥2 − 5𝑥 + 𝑘𝑥 + 1 = 0
correct discriminant (if seen explicitly, not just in quadratic formula)
A1
eg(𝑘 − 5)2 − 4, 25 − 10𝑘 + 𝑘2 − 4 correct working (A1)
10 ± √100 − 4 × 21
eg𝑘 − 5 = ± 2, (𝑘 − 3)(𝑘 − 7) = 0, 2
𝑘 = 3, 7 A1A1 N0 METHOD 2 (using derivatives)
attempt to set up equation (M1) eg𝑔 = 𝑓, 𝑘𝑥 − 5 = − 𝑥2 + 5𝑥 − 6
recognizing derivative/slope are equal (M1) eg𝑓′ = 𝑚𝑇 , 𝑓′ = 𝑘
correct derivative of 𝑓 (A1) eg−2𝑥 + 5
attempt to set up equation in terms of either 𝑥 or 𝑘 M1
eg
2
5−𝑘 5−𝑘 5−𝑘
( − 2𝑥 + 5)𝑥 − 5 = − 𝑥2 + 5𝑥 − 6, 𝑘( 2 ) −5= − ( 2 ) + 5( )
2
rearranging their equation to equal zero (M1)
eg𝑥2 − 1 = 0, 𝑘2 − 10𝑘 + 21 = 0 correct working (A1)
eg𝑥 = ± 1, (𝑘 − 3)(𝑘 − 7) = 0,
10 ± √100 − 4 × 21 𝑘 = 3, 7 A1A1 N0
2
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