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Django Framework Overview

Django is a high-level Python web framework that promotes rapid development and follows the Model-View-Template (MVT) architecture. The document outlines key features, installation steps, and a guide to creating a Django project and app, including setting up models, views, and templates. It concludes with instructions on running the server to display a dynamic product list from the database.

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13 views5 pages

Django Framework Overview

Django is a high-level Python web framework that promotes rapid development and follows the Model-View-Template (MVT) architecture. The document outlines key features, installation steps, and a guide to creating a Django project and app, including setting up models, views, and templates. It concludes with instructions on running the server to display a dynamic product list from the database.

Uploaded by

malini20221cse0694
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Django Framework Overview

1. Django Framework Overview

Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and clean,
pragmatic design. It follows the Model-View-Template (MVT) architectural pattern, which
separates data (model), user interface (template), and business logic (view).

 Key Features of Django:


o Object-Relational Mapping (ORM): Connects the database with Python
classes.
o Automatic Admin Interface: A powerful and customizable admin panel.
o URL Routing: Handles requests based on defined patterns.
o Scalability and Security: Django helps developers avoid common security
pitfalls.

2. Setting Up Django

Before starting, you'll need Python and Django installed on your system.

Steps to Set Up Django:

Here is a step-by-step guide to install Django and start working with it using Python on your
local machine (Windows/Linux/macOS). This includes installation, creating a Django
project, running the server, and writing Python programs using Django.

Step 1: Install Python

Check if Python is installed

Open your terminal/command prompt and type:

python --version

or

python3 --version

If not installed, download it from: https://www.python.org/downloads/

Ensure you check "Add Python to PATH" during installation.

Step 2: Install pip (Python Package Installer)

Usually, pip is installed with Python by default.

Check by:

pip --version
If not found, follow this guide: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/installation/

Step 3: Install Virtual Environment (Recommended)

A virtual environment keeps project dependencies isolated.

For Windows:

pip install virtualenv

Create a virtual environment:

virtualenv venv

Activate it:

 Windows:

venv\Scripts\activate

Step 4: Install Django

After activating the virtual environment:

pip install django

Verify installation:

django-admin --version

Step 5: Create a Django Project

django-admin startproject myproject


cd myproject

This creates the following structure:

myproject/
manage.py
myproject/
__init__.py
settings.py
urls.py
wsgi.py

Step 6: Run the Django Development Server


To start the server:

python manage.py runserver

Visit: http://127.0.0.1:8000
You’ll see the Django Welcome Page.

Step 7: Create a Django App

A Django project can contain multiple apps.

python manage.py startapp myapp

Add 'myapp' to INSTALLED_APPS in settings.py.

Step 8: Create a Model in myapp/models.py


from django.db import models

class Product(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
description = models.TextField()

def __str__(self):
return self.name

Step 9: Create and Apply Migrations

Tell Django to create database tables:

python manage.py makemigrations


python manage.py migrate

Step 10: Use the Django Shell to Test Python Programs

Run the shell:

python manage.py shell

Then you can write Python code:

from myapp.models import Product

# Create a product
Product.objects.create(name="Laptop", price=999.99, description="A good laptop")

# Retrieve products
products = Product.objects.all()
for p in products:
print(p.name, p.price)

Step 11: Create Views and Templates

In myapp/views.py:

from django.shortcuts import render


from .models import Product

def product_list(request):
products = Product.objects.all()
return render(request, 'product_list.html', {'products': products})

Create a folder: myapp/templates/

Inside product_list.html:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Products</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Product List</h1>
<ul>
{% for product in products %}
<li>{{ product.name }} - ₹{{ product.price }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
</body>
</html>

In myproject/urls.py:

from django.contrib import admin


from django.urls import path
from myapp.views import product_list

urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('', product_list, name='product_list'),
]

Step 12: Run the Server Again

python manage.py runserver


Go to: http://127.0.0.1:8000
You'll see your product list rendered dynamically from the database!

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