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Phyton Basic Handout

The document provides an introduction to Python, highlighting its features, use cases, and setup instructions. It covers basic syntax, operators, control flow, data structures, functions, file handling, and error handling. Additionally, it suggests next steps for further learning and project ideas.

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3 views7 pages

Phyton Basic Handout

The document provides an introduction to Python, highlighting its features, use cases, and setup instructions. It covers basic syntax, operators, control flow, data structures, functions, file handling, and error handling. Additionally, it suggests next steps for further learning and project ideas.

Uploaded by

ዝ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Introduction to Python
Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for:
✔ Simple & readable syntax
✔ Versatility (Web, Data Science, AI, Automation)
✔ Large standard library

Python Use Cases

 Web Development (Django, Flask)


 Data Analysis (Pandas, NumPy)
 Machine Learning (TensorFlow, PyTorch)
 Scripting & Automation

2. Python Setup
Install Python

Download from python.org

Run Python Code

1. Interactive Shell (REPL)

bash

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python
>>> print("Hello World!")

2. Script File (hello.py)


python
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print("Hello World!")

Run with:
bash

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python hello.py

3. Basic Syntax
Variables & Data Types
python

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name = "Alice" # String
age = 25 # Integer
price = 9.99 # Float
is_student = True # Boolean

Printing Output
python

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print("Hello,", name) # Hello, Alice
print(f"Age: {age}") # f-strings (Python 3.6+)

Comments
python

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# Single-line comment
"""
Multi-line
comment
"""

4. Operators
Arithmetic Operators
python

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x = 10
y = 3

print(x + y) # 13 (Addition)
print(x - y) # 7 (Subtraction)
print(x * y) # 30 (Multiplication)
print(x / y) # 3.333... (Division)
print(x // y) # 3 (Floor Division)
print(x % y) # 1 (Modulus)
print(x ** y) # 1000 (Exponent)

Comparison Operators
python

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print(x == y) # False (Equal)
print(x != y) # True (Not Equal)
print(x > y) # True (Greater Than)

Logical Operators
python

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print((x > 5) and (y < 10)) # True (AND)
print((x < 5) or (y < 2)) # False (OR)
print(not is_student) # False (NOT)

5. Control Flow
If-Else Statements
python

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if age >= 18:
print("Adult")
elif age >= 13:
print("Teen")
else:
print("Child")

Loops

1. for Loop
python

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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
for fruit in fruits:
print(fruit)

2. while Loop
python

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count = 0
while count < 5:
print(count)
count += 1
6. Data Structures
Lists (Mutable Arrays)
python

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numbers = [1, 2, 3]
numbers.append(4) # [1, 2, 3, 4]
numbers.pop() # [1, 2, 3]

Tuples (Immutable Lists)


python

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point = (10, 20)
x, y = point # Unpacking

Dictionaries (Key-Value Pairs)


python

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person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}
print(person["name"]) # Alice

Sets (Unique Elements)


python

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unique_numbers = {1, 2, 2, 3} # {1, 2, 3}

7. Functions
Basic Function
python

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def greet(name):
return f"Hello, {name}!"

print(greet("Bob")) # Hello, Bob!

Default Arguments
python

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def power(base, exponent=2):
return base ** exponent

print(power(3)) # 9 (3^2)
print(power(3, 3)) # 27 (3^3)

8. File Handling
Reading a File
python

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with open("file.txt", "r") as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)

Writing to a File
python

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with open("file.txt", "w") as file:
file.write("Hello, Python!")
9. Error Handling (Try-Except)
python

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try:
result = 10 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("Cannot divide by zero!")

10. Next Steps


 Learn Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
 Explore Python Libraries (NumPy, Pandas, Flask)
 Build projects:

o Calculator
o To-Do List App
o Web Scraper

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