Database Management System

(DBMS)
▪ What is Database ?
▪ What is DBMS ?
▪ Characteristics of DBMS.
▪ Advantages of DBMS.
▪ Disadvantages of DBMS.
▪ Difference between DBMS and Flat File.
▪ DBMS Software.
▪ What is RDBMS
▪ Difference between DBMS and RDBMS.
Database

▪ Database is a collection of inter-related data

which is used to retrieve, insert and delete the
data efficiently.
▪ It is also used to organize the data in the form
of a table, views, and reports, etc.
Database Management System (DBMS)
▪ Database management system is a tool or software which
is used to manage the database. For
example: MySQL, Oracle, etc are a very popular
commercial database which is used in different
applications.
DBMS provides
▪ An interface to perform various operations like database
creation, storing data in it, updating data, creating a table
in the database and a lot more.
▪ Protection and security to the database. In the case of
multiple users, it also maintains data consistency.
▪ An interface between the data and the software
application.
DBMS allows users the following tasks:
▪ Data Definition: It is used for creation,
modification, and removal of definition that defines
the organization of data in the database.
▪ Data Updation: It is used for the insertion,
modification, and deletion of the actual data in the
database.
▪ Data Retrieval: It is used to retrieve the data from
the database which can be used by applications for
various purposes.
▪ User Administration: It is used for registering and
monitoring users, maintain data integrity, enforcing
data security, monitoring performance and
recovering information corrupted by unexpected
failure.
Characteristics of DBMS
▪ It uses a digital repository established on a server to
store and manage the information.
▪ It removes redundancy.
▪ It provides security.
▪ It is used to support manipulation and processing of
data.
▪ DBMS contains automatic backup and recovery
procedures.
▪ It can reduce the complex relationship between data.
▪ It can view the database from different viewpoints
according to the requirements of the user.
Advantages of DBMS
▪ Controls database redundancy: It can control data redundancy
because it stores all the data in one single database file and that
recorded data is placed in the database.
▪ Data sharing: In DBMS, the authorized users of an organization
can share the data among multiple users.
▪ Easily Maintenance: It can be easily maintainable due to the
centralized nature of the database system.
▪ Reduce time: It reduces development time and maintenance need.
▪ Backup: It provides backup and recovery subsystems which create
automatic backup of data from hardware and software failures and
restores the data if required.
▪ Multiple user interface: It provides different types of user
interfaces like graphical user interfaces, application program
interfaces.
Disadvantages of DBMS
▪ Cost of Hardware and Software: It requires a high
speed of data processor and large memory size to run
DBMS software.
▪ Size: It occupies a large space of disks and large
memory to run them efficiently.
▪ Complexity: Database system creates additional
complexity and requirements.
▪ Higher impact of failure: Failure is highly impacted
the database because in most of the organization, all
the data stored in a single database and if the database
is damaged due to electric failure or database
corruption then the data may be lost forever.
Difference between DBMS and File System
DBMS File

Multi-user access It does not support multi-user

access
Design to fulfill the need for It is only limited to smaller
small and large businesses DBMS system.
Remove redundancy and Redundancy and Integrity
Integrity issues
Expensive. But in the long term It's cheaper
Total Cost of Ownership is
cheap
Easy to implement complicated No support for complicated
transactions transactions
Popular DBMS Software
▪ MySQL
▪ Microsoft Access
▪ Oracle
▪ PostgreSQL
▪ dBASE
▪ FoxPro
▪ SQLite
▪ LibreOffice Base
Database Administrator(DBA)

▪ The database administrator (DBA) is the person

who is responsible for the design, construction,
and maintenance of a database.
▪ The person having the control over the system is
called database administrator (DBA).
▪ The DBA is an information technology expert or a
well-trained, computer literate person who is
responsible for the technical operations of a
database or all databases in an organization.
Responsibilities of DBA
▪ To maintain the database system and to provide user with access to
the required information when then need it The DBA makes sure
that the database is protected and that any chance of data loss is
minimized.
Typical responsibilities of the DBA are listed below:
▪ Granting different types of authorization to regulate which part of
the database various users can access.
▪ Ensuring regular backups of a database, and in case of failure (or
disaster like fire or flood), suitable recovery procedures are used to
restore the database service with as little downtime as possible.
▪ Ensuring regular and accurate update of database.
▪ Collaborating in the design and development of databases to meet
new user needs and respond to anticipate technological
innovations.
▪ Communicating regularly with internal technical applications and
operational staff to ensure the database integrity and security.
▪ Identifying and resolving user’s problems.
▪ Facilitating sharing of common data by overseeing proper key
management.
Database Languages
A DBMS mainly provide two database languages,
namely, data definition language and data
manipulation language to implement the database.
▪ Data Definition Language (DDL): DDL is used to
create and delete database and its objects. These
commands are primarily used by the DBA during the
building and removal phases of a database project.
▪ Data Manipulation language (DML): DML is used
to retrieve, insert, modify, and delete database
information. These commands will be used by all
database users during the routine operation of the
database.
RDBMS
▪ RDBMS stands for Relational Database
Management Systems..
▪ All modern database management systems like
SQL, MS SQL Server, IBM DB2, ORACLE,
My-SQL and Microsoft Access are based on
RDBMS.
▪ It is called Relational Data Base Management
System (RDBMS) because it is based on
relational model introduced by E.F. Codd.
Difference between DBMS and RDBMS
DBMS RDBMS

DBMS applications store data as file. RDBMS applications store data in a

tabular form.
Normalization is not present in DBMS. Normalization is present in RDBMS.
In DBMS, data is generally stored in In RDBMS, the tables have an identifier
either a hierarchical form or a called primary key and and the data
navigational form. values are stored in the form of tables.
DBMS is meant to be for small RDBMS is designed to handle large
organization and deal with small data. amount of data. it supports multiple
it supports single user. users.
Examples of DBMS are file Example of RDBMS
systems, xml etc. are mysql, postgre, sql
server, oracle etc.