UNIX Commands

 mkdir - make a directory

 pwd - present working directory
 cd - change directory
 cd ~ - goes to home directory
 cd ../ - goes to previous directory
 cd - - between two directories

 rm - remove a file
 rm * - delete all files in working directory
 rm -r - delete a folder which have files inside it.
 rmdir - delete only an empty folder

 cp - copy a file
 cp -i - prompt before overwrite
 cp -p - copy file with same timestamp
 cp -r - copy a directory

 mv - move a file and also to rename a file

 mv -i - prompt before overwrite

 ls - List the files and directories in horizontal way and also in alphabetical
order.
 ls -lrt - List the files and directories with permissions, date and time and size
 ls -l |grep -v '^d' - To list only the files
 ls -lrt |grep '^-' - To list only the files
 ls -lrt |grep '^d' - To list only the directory
 ls -d */ - To list only the directory without permissions
 ls -lrta -To list the files and hidden files
 ls -a - To list the files
 ls * - Shows the files in subdirectory
 ls -l path name - To list the files under the directory in same path
 ls -l - Sort the files
 ls -R - Shows the files in subdirectory

 chmod 777 filename - To change permissions for user or owners, groups and others
 read(r) - 4
 write(w) - 2
 execute(x) - 1
 no permission(-) - 0
 chmod u=rwx,go=rx file1 -->symbolic mode u-user, g-group, o-others
 chown [options] user[:group] file -->change ownership
 chgrp [options] group file-->change group

 grep -->global regular expression print.

 grep -i - search words case insensitively
 grep -ir - search words within the directory
 grep -l - list the files that has searched words
 grep -n - shows the files with line number that has searched words
 grep -c - shows the files with no of count of words that matches

 find . -name "filename" --> searches the file in all directories.

 find ./ -name "file.txt" - shows the path that has given file
 find /pathname -perm 775 - to view the files with given permissions
 find . -name word -print - to print the files that has given words -->not working
 find ./ -name "direc name" - shows the path that has given directory
 find ./ type f -empty - to list the files that is empty
 find ./ type d -empty - to list the directory that is empty
 find ./ -name "*.sql" --> show the path that has given file extension.
 find . -type f -mtime -1 --> search files edited in the last 24 hours. here -1 represents 24
hours you can give -2 for 48 hrs and so on.
 find . -type f -mtime -1 -delete -->delete all the files in the last 24 hours.

 wc -l - shows the no of lines in a file

 wc -c - shows the characters of a file
 wc -w - count the no of words in a file

 du -sh file.sql - shows the size of a file

 tar --> the file storage will be in increased.

 tar -cvf file.tar files - tar a file
 tar -xvf file.tar - extract tar files
 tar -tvf test.tar - show the extracted files from tar

 zip -->the file storage will be reduced.

 zip file.zip file - to zip a file
 zip -d file.zip file1 - delete a file from zip
 zip -u file.zip file3 - update a file inside zip
 zip -m file.zip file1 - delete original file after zip
 zip –r filename.zip directory name - zip a directory
 unzip file.zip - to unzip the compressed files
 head -n file - shows upper lines (default 10 lines)
 head -100 file |tail -1 --> to print 100th line in a file
 tail -n file - shows lower lines
 tail -100 file | head -1--> to print 1st line in a file

 touch file1 file2 - create files without opening

 man command – help

 split -l file - split a file into many parts as per the line given
 sort file - arrange files in ascending order
 sort -d file - arrange files in dictionary order
 sort -r file - arrange files in decending order

 sed 's/find/replace/g' file - find a word and replace without going in vi editor (temporary
change)
 sed '/^$/d' file - to remove blank/empty lines from a file and it will not save only for
display.

 cat file - display the contents of a file

 more file - display the contents of a file
 diff file1 file2 - shows the difference between two files
 ln - link the two files
 clear - to clear the viewed files
 cmp - to compare two files byte to byte to display the first mismatches
 cut -c1,2 file - extract specific characters from the file
 cut -d '|' -f1 filename ---> extract whole field from the file
 uname -a - to find the operating system in Unix
 date - to display the date
 cal - to display the calendar
 who am i - to know the user
 12,18s/^/-- - to print -- in front of each line of the file line 12 to 18
 12,18s/$/+ - to print ++ in back of each line of the file line 12 to 18

 ftp - used to copy files across system

 df - to check the disk space
 du - to summarize the disk usage
 ps -ef|grep processed/service name - to find currently running process in unix

 kill -9 6806 - to kill a process from file_6806_0519.trc

 kill -1 -9 - to kill all the running process (Please don’t use this command unless get the
approval)

 cd $TBA_SQL - to go to product sql path

 cd $TBA_SCRIPTS - to go to product script path

==========================vi editor===================
 vi file.txt - create a new file or open an existing file
 vi -R file - view a file in Read only mode

====================insert mode======================
 i - insert mode to edit a file
 I - inserts text at beginning of current line
 a - inserts text after current cursor location
 A - inserts text at end of current line

- creates a new line for text entry below cursor location

- creates a new line for text entry above cursor location

=====================esc mode=========================

 x - Deletes the character under the cursor location

 X - Deletes the character before the cursor location.

 esc d shift g -->to delete all the lines below from where the cursor is placed.
 cc (or) S - delete a line and goes in insert mode
 cw - delete a word and goes in insert mode
 dd - delete a line
 dw - delete a word
 yy - copy a line
 yw - copy a word
 p - paste
 shift + 4 - cursor moves to end of a line
 shift + 6 - cursor moves to start of a line
 w - cursor moves to start of the word in a line
 e - cursor moves to end of the word in a line
 J - join the current line with the next one
 h - cursor moves to left
 l - cursor moves to right
 k - cursor moves to up
 j - cursor moves to down
 u - undo a process
 ctrl + r - redo a process
 r - replaces the character under the cursor
 CTRL + u - Moves screen up 1/2 page
 CTRL + d - Moves screen down 1/2 page
 CTRL + b - Moves screen up one page
 CTRL + f - Moves screen down one page

============command mode========================
 :e! - undo a process
 :f filename - renames current file to new filename
 :w filename - write to file filename
 :e filename - opens another file with filename
 :cd dirname - changes current working directory to dirname
 :e# - use to toggle between two opened files
 :n - in case you open multiple files using vi, use :n to go to next file in the series
 :p - in case you open multiple files using vi, use :p to go to previous file in the
series
 :N - in case you open multiple files using vi, use :N to go to previous file in the
series
 :set ic - ignores case when searching
 :set number - displays lines with line numbers on the left side
 :set nonumber - removes line numbers
 :%s/search/replace/g - find and replace the words in a file
 :w - save
 :q - quit
 :w! - save & overwrite
 :q! - quit quit
 :wq - save and exit
 :wq! - save and exit overwrite
 :x! - save and exit
 esc + shift + zz - to save and exit without going in command mode

 . profile - contains set of instructions when user logged in (It will change based on the
OS).
 .bash_profile --> To see aliases which have been set (It will change based on the OS).
 . .profile --> to run the aliases set file using this command.