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Roman Empire: Ms Pang History 2009

The Roman Empire began expanding in 509 BCE as Rome conquered the Italian peninsula and surrounding areas. After defeating Carthage in the Punic Wars between 264-146 BCE, Rome gained control of territories in North Africa, Spain, Macedonia, and Greece. At its height in 44 BCE under Julius Caesar, the Roman Empire stretched across Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Asia. Though Caesar was assassinated, Augustus stabilized Rome as its first emperor, inaugurating a period of peace and prosperity known as the Pax Romana. However, by the 5th century CE, the Western Roman Empire was plagued by economic troubles, weak frontiers, and political instability, and fell when the last Roman

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296 views

Roman Empire: Ms Pang History 2009

The Roman Empire began expanding in 509 BCE as Rome conquered the Italian peninsula and surrounding areas. After defeating Carthage in the Punic Wars between 264-146 BCE, Rome gained control of territories in North Africa, Spain, Macedonia, and Greece. At its height in 44 BCE under Julius Caesar, the Roman Empire stretched across Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Asia. Though Caesar was assassinated, Augustus stabilized Rome as its first emperor, inaugurating a period of peace and prosperity known as the Pax Romana. However, by the 5th century CE, the Western Roman Empire was plagued by economic troubles, weak frontiers, and political instability, and fell when the last Roman

Uploaded by

tabithapang
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Roman Empire

Ms Pang
History 2009
Beginning Of Roman Expansion
 509 - 264 BCE Rome
conquered the
Etruscans and the
Italian Peninsula
 Rome was still a
young Republic
Punic Wars
 264 - 146 BCE
 Rome won power and
territory in North
Africa, Spain,
Macedonia, & Greece
 Countless soldiers
died
 Slaves & Wealth
flowed into Rome
At Height of Roman Expansion
 By 44 BCE, Rome
controlled most of modern
day Europe, North Africa,
Egypt, and Asia Minor.

 Julius Caesar declared


himself Dictator but the
Senate assassinated him
to save the Republic.
Roman Empire 27 BCE - 476 CE
 Augustus becomes
Rome’s First Emperor
 The Roman Empire
surrounds the
Mediterranean Sea
 Roman’s call it Mare
Nostrum (Our Sea)
Roman Empire’s
Golden Age
Julius Caesar & Emperor Augustus
Julius Caesar 49 BCE
 Expanded Roman
territory
 Fixed Roman Roads
 Provided Citizens with
Entertainment
 New Calendar
Gladiators
 Slaves
 Prisoners of War
 Violence served as
entertainment
Entertaining - “Bread & Circuses”
 Gladiator Combats & Chariot Racing
 Open Air Stadiums like the Circus Maximus
LEADERS PROVIDED THIS
TO KEEP THE POOR FROM REBELLION
Caesar Assassinated 44BCE
 Senate plots and
kills Julius Caesar
to save the
Republic

 Years of Chaos and


Civil War Follow
Augustus - First Emperor of Rome
 Augustus Takes Over

 Restored the Senate and


the Republic’s traditional
form of government BUT

 Ruled without opposition


for 45 years
The Pax Romana 27 - 180 CE
 Years of Peace
 Strengthened
education, art,
literature
 Strong Army gained
more territory &
stopped rebellions.
What caused the
Fall of the mighty
Roman Empire?
Economic/Social Problems
 Roman Citizens paid
heavy taxes to build
Rome’s massive army
 Citizens were very
poor
 Trade suffered
 Cities became unsafe
Political Problems
 Independent armies
fought for power

 Rome had no peaceful


way of changing
power between new
leaders.
330 CE Constantinople
 Emperor Constantine
moves the capital from
Rome to the East.

 The city is called the


“New Rome” or
Constantinople.
Roman Empire Split in Two

 Western Roman Empire


 Eastern Byzantine Empire
Weak Frontiers
 Empire was too big.
 Soldiers weren’t loyal
to Rome.
 Leaders in Rome
couldn’t communicate
with Generals on the
Frontiers.
 Barbarians attacked
the Western Empire.
The Western Roman Empire Fell
 By 476, the last
Roman Emperor was
driven from his throne.
 The Western Half of
the Roman Empire
collapsed.

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