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TCP Delay Model

This document models the delay in receiving an object from a web server after sending a request. It considers the impacts of TCP connection establishment, data transmission delay, and slow start. Under a fixed congestion window, delay is 2RTT + O/R if the window's worth of data can be sent before the ACK is received, or 2RTT + O/R + (K-1)[S/R + RTT - WS/R] otherwise. With slow start, delay is modeled as 2RTT + O/R + P[RTT + S/R] - (2P - 1)S/R, where P is the number of times the server idles and depends on the number

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Sayyed Jaffar Ali Raza
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614 views

TCP Delay Model

This document models the delay in receiving an object from a web server after sending a request. It considers the impacts of TCP connection establishment, data transmission delay, and slow start. Under a fixed congestion window, delay is 2RTT + O/R if the window's worth of data can be sent before the ACK is received, or 2RTT + O/R + (K-1)[S/R + RTT - WS/R] otherwise. With slow start, delay is modeled as 2RTT + O/R + P[RTT + S/R] - (2P - 1)S/R, where P is the number of times the server idles and depends on the number

Uploaded by

Sayyed Jaffar Ali Raza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Delay modeling

Q: How long does it take to


receive an object from a
Web server after sending
a request?
Ignoring congestion, delay is
influenced by:
TCP connection establishment
data transmission delay
slow start

Notation, assumptions:
Assume one link between client

and server of rate R


S: MSS (bits)
O: object size (bits)
no retransmissions (no loss, no
corruption)

Window size:
First assume: fixed congestion

window, W segments
Then dynamic window, modeling
slow start

Transport Layer

3-1

Fixed congestion window (1)


First case:
WS/R > RTT + S/R: ACK for
first segment in window
returns before windows
worth of data sent

delay = 2RTT + O/R

Transport Layer

3-2

Fixed congestion window (2)


Second case:
WS/R < RTT + S/R: wait

for ACK after sending


windows worth of data
sent

delay = 2RTT + O/R


+ (K-1)[S/R + RTT - WS/R]

K = the number of windows that cover the object. For this fig, K=2
Transport Layer

3-3

TCP Delay Modeling: Slow Start (1)


Now suppose window grows according to slow start
Will show that the delay for one object is:

Latency 2 RTT

O
S
S

P RTT ( 2 P 1)
R
R
R

where P is the number of times TCP idles at server:

P min{Q, K 1}
- where Q is the number of times the server idles
if the object were of infinite size.
- and K is the number of windows that cover the object.

Transport Layer

3-4

TCP Delay Modeling: Slow Start (2)


Delay components:

2 RTT for connection

estab and request


O/R to transmit
object
time server idles due
to slow start

in itia te T C P
c o n n e c tio n

re q u e s t
o b je c t

f ir s t w in d o w
= S /R
RTT

s e c o n d w in d o w
= 2 S /R

Server idles:
P = min{K-1,Q} times
Example:
O/S = 15 segments
K = 4 windows
Q=2
P = min{K-1,Q} = 2
Server idles P=2 times

t h ir d w in d o w
= 4 S /R

fo u r th w in d o w
= 8 S /R

c o m p le te
t r a n s m is s io n

o b je c t
d e liv e r e d
tim e a t
c lie n t

tim e a t
s e rv e r

Transport Layer

3-5

TCP Delay Modeling (3)


S
RTT time from when server starts to send segment
R
until server receives acknowledgement
2k 1

S
time to transmit the kth window
R

S
k 1 S

RTT

2
R
R

in it ia t e T C P
c o n n e c tio n

re q u e s t
o b je c t

idle time after the kth window

f ir s t w in d o w
= S /R
RTT

s e c o n d w in d o w
= 2 S /R

t h ir d w in d o w
= 4 S /R

P
O
delay 2 RTT idleTime p
R
p 1
P
O
S
S
2 RTT [ RTT 2 k 1 ]
R
R
k 1 R
O
S
S
2 RTT P[ RTT ] (2 P 1)
R
R
R

f o u r t h w in d o w
= 8 S /R

c o m p le t e
tr a n s m is s io n

o b je c t
d e liv e r e d
tim e a t
c lie n t

tim e a t
s e rv e r

Transport Layer

3-6

TCP Delay Modeling (4)


Recall K = number of windows that cover object
How do we calculate K ?

K min{k : 2 0 S 21 S 2 k 1 S O}
min{k : 2 0 21 2 k 1 O / S }
O
min{k : 2 1 }
S
O
min{k : k log 2 ( 1)}
S
O

log 2 ( 1)
S

How do we calculate Q ?
Transport Layer

3-7

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