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Circulation in Vertical Direction

Vertical circulation refers to the means by which building occupants access different areas of a building, including stairs, ramps, elevators, and escalators. Stairs consist of a series of steps leading from one level to another, and have components like treads, risers, stringers, and landings. Stairs must be designed to provide safe, quick access between floors and meet requirements for location, width, number of steps, pitch, headroom, tread size, and riser height. Elevators are vertical transport equipment that efficiently moves people and goods between floors using electric motors and cables or hydraulic fluid to raise a platform. Elevator types include passenger, service, and hospital lifts. Basic elevator components are the

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148 views

Circulation in Vertical Direction

Vertical circulation refers to the means by which building occupants access different areas of a building, including stairs, ramps, elevators, and escalators. Stairs consist of a series of steps leading from one level to another, and have components like treads, risers, stringers, and landings. Stairs must be designed to provide safe, quick access between floors and meet requirements for location, width, number of steps, pitch, headroom, tread size, and riser height. Elevators are vertical transport equipment that efficiently moves people and goods between floors using electric motors and cables or hydraulic fluid to raise a platform. Elevator types include passenger, service, and hospital lifts. Basic elevator components are the

Uploaded by

Mugdha Bakde
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VERTICAL

CIRCULATION

SIXTH SEMESTER B.ARCH 2017-18


L.S.RAHEJA SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
Vertical circulation is the means by which building occupants
access specific areas of a building, including: internal stairs,
internal ramps, elevators or escalators.

ESCALATORS STAIRCASE

ELEVATOR

RAMPS

Element of Vertical
circulation:
1. Ramp.
2. Stair.
3. Elevator. TRAVELATOR
What is a stair and it’s
components?
A stair is a series of steps, each
elevated a measured distance,
leading from one level of a structure
to another.
Stair parts and terms
• Headroom
• Tread
• Riser
• Unit rise
• Unit run
• Total rise
• Stringer
• Stair well
• Total run
• Platform/landings
• Winding stairs
• Run of stairs or flight
• Straight run
• Winders
REQUIREMENTS OF A GOOD STAIR
Provide easy, quick and safe mode of communication between the floors.
Following are the general requirements which a stair should fulfill.

LOCATION :
• easy access
• well lighted and ventilated
• approach convenient and spacious

WIDTH OF STAIR:
• Carry without inconvenience
• dependent on location and user the of the building
• In a domestic building, a 90cm wide stair in sufficient while in
public building, 1.5 m to 1.8 m width may be required.

• NO. OF STEPS: max 12 steps, min 3 steps


• PITCH : 30 to 45 degrees
• HEADROOM: not less than 2.1 to 2.3 mts
• TREAD : min 25 cms, max 30 cms
• RISER : between 10 to 15 cms

MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION :
• The materials used for stair construction should be such as to
provide a) Sufficient strength and
b) fire resistance
VERTICAL
CIRCULATION

ELEVATORS/LI
FTS
What is a Lift ?
The lift is a type of vertical
transport equipment that
efficiently moves people or
goods between floors (levels,
decks) of a building, vessel or
other structure.
generally powered by electric
motors that either drive
cables, hoist, or pump
hydraulic fluid to raise a
cylindrical piston like a jack.
TYPES OF ELEVATORS / LIFTS:

• Passenger Lift : A lift designed for the transport of


passengers.

• Goods Lift : A lift designed primarily for the transport


of goods but which may carry a lift attendant or other
person necessary for the unloading and loading of
goods.

• Service Lift (Dumb-Waiter) : A lift with a car which


moves in guides in a vertical direction; has net floor
area of 1 m2, total inside height of 1.25 m; and
capacity not exceeding 250 kg; and is exclusively
used for carrying materials and shall not carry any
person.

• Hospital Lift : A lift normally installed in a


hospital/dispensary/clinic and designed to
accommodate one number bed/stretcher along its
depth, with sufficient space around to carry a
minimum of three attendants in addition to the lift
Basic terminologies..
• Elevator car : That part of an elevator that
includes the platform, enclosure, car frame, and
door.
• Machine beam : A steel beam, positioned
directly over the elevator in the machine room
and is used to support elevator equipment.

• Machine room : This usually located at the top


of the shaft and accommodates the winding
machine, etc.

• Pit : That part of an elevator shaft that


extends from the threshold level of the lowest
landing door down to the floor at the very
bottom of the shaft.

• Shaft : A hoistway through which one or more


elevator cars may travel.

• Counterweight or balance-weight. A unit,


consisting of steel weights, which counter
balance the weight of the car and a portion of
the load, and to which the suspension ropes are
Traction drive : Lift whose lifting
ropes are driven by friction in the
grooves of the driving sheave of the
machine.
• Trailing cable : Flexible cable
providing electrical connection
between the lift car and a fixed point
or points.
•Bottom clearance : The distance,
including buffer compression, the
platforms could travel below the
bottom landing until the full weight of
the car, when loaded, rests on the
buffer.
•Top clearance :The vertical distance
between the top car attachment and
the bottom of the diverting pulley or
any steelwork supporting equipment;
there must be an adequate margin
between this and the car will not
contact the diverting pulley or
steelwork.

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