+

Introduction to
Computer Organization and Architecture
(COA)
+ 2

Explore Hardware
Do it Yourself
 Right click the Computer item in the Start Menu

 Choose Properties

 You can see information about the CPU, Ram capacity, OS

 Choose the item

 Choose the tag Hardware in the System Properties window

 Click the button Device Manager

 Expand the item Processors in the Device Manager window you can
see information about processors in your computer
+ 3

Explore Hardware
Do it Yourself
 Type Ctrll + Alt + Delete

 Choose Start Task Manager

 In the Windows Task Manager window,

 Choose the tab Applications, count number of running applications
 Choose the tab Processes
 Click the button Show processes from all users at the bottom of the window,
count number of running processes.

 You knew number of processors in your computer and number of running

processes.
 In average, how many processes are executed by one processor?
 How some processes can run on one processor?
+ 4

Why should COA be studied?

Course Objectives
 Important questions:
 How are computers organized?
 How are computers made?
 How are combinational circuits made?
 How may we understand the way computers work?
 How can computers allow many programs running
concurrently?

 What are answers for above questions?

+ 5

Course Resource
 Book: William Stallings, 2012, Computer Organization and
Architecture: Design for Performance, 9th Edition, Prentice Hall.
 Tool: MASM32 SDK version 11(masm32v11r.zip), MASM64

Free Download Link:

http://www.masm32.com/

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=12654

http://www.windows8downloads.com/win8-masm-64.html

MASM 64( Important): Make sure you have Visual C++ 2005 Express Edition installed
on your computer. This is a prerequisite for the installation of this package. It will not
install otherwise.
+ 6

Course Description
 Chapter 1: Introduction
 Chapter 2: Computer Evolution and Performance"
 Chapter3: A Top-Level View of Computer
Function and Interconnection
 Memories
 Chapter 4: Cache Memory
 Chapter 5: Internal Memory
 Chapter 6: External Memory
+ 7

Course Description

 Chapter 7: Input/Output
 Chapter 8: Operating System Support
 Chapter 11: Digital Logic
 Instruction Set of CPU
 Chapter 12: Instruction Sets: Characteristics and Functions
 Chapter 13: Instruction Sets: Addressing Modes and Formats,
Assembly Language
+ 8

Course Description

CPUs
 Chapter 14: Processor Structure and Function
 Chapter 15: Reduced Instruction Set Computers
 Chapter 16: Instruction-Level Parallelism and
Superscalar Processors
 Chapter 17: Parallel Processing
 Chapter 18: Multicore Computers
+ 9

Course plan

 See it on CMS
+ 10

Course Rules
 How to conduct
 Prepare contents of the next session at home
 Following lessons in classrooms
 Completing chapter assessment in time and Quizzes (via CMS)

 Communication
 Class
 Interchange by FU-HCM CMS, Forum
 Discussing actively in your teams and in classrooms
 Free to question and answer

 Others

 Off phone/ No game, no chat in class

 Use laptops under teacher’s instruction
+ 11

Evaluation Strategy
 Must attend more than 80% of contact hours
(if not, not allow to take exam).
 Evaluating
 4 Exercises (E) 30 %
 2 Assignment (A) 30% ( Assembly programs)
 Final Exam (FE) 40 %
 Total score=30%(E)+30%(A)+40% (FE)

 Pass:All on-going assessment > 0 and Total score ≥ 5

and Final Examination ≥ 4 (of 10)
 Retake only the Final Exam when not passed
+ 12

How to study?
 This course is complex knowledge (however, it’s attractive and exciting),
so you need to keep tight grip on it
 Read
 On the books to get the general concept
 Reference, study, collection from anywhere else (internet, your classmate, forum
…)
 Attend lectures
 Listens, understand, then make your own notes
 Give your explanation about some topic in lectures
 Ask questions
 Practice all the exercises, demo to make your sense
 After classes
 Discuss your classmate in directly, on forum
 Do the lab, assignments to submit via CMS, and do more exercises
 Build your teams in yourselves to support together in studying
+ 13

Academic Policy
 Cheating, plagiarism and breach of copyright are
serious offenses under this Policy.
 Cheating
 Cheating during a test or exam is construed as talking, peeking at
another student’s paper or any other clandestine method of transmitting
information.
 Plagiarism
 Plagiarism is using the work of others without citing it; that is, holding
the work of others out as your own work.
 Breach of Copyright
 If you photocopy a textbook without the copyright holder's permission,
you violate copyright law.
+ 14

Enjoy the Course

 Be enthusiastic about the material because it is

interesting, useful and an important part of your
training as an IT engineer.
 We will do our best but we need your help.
 So let’s all have fun together with COA!!!
+

Chapter 1: Introduction
William Stallings, Computer Organization and Architecture.
9th Edition
+ 16

Objectives

 Why should we study this chapter?

 Distinguishing architecture and organization
 What is a hierachical system?
 What are basic computer functions?
 What are main structural components of the computer?

System: an assemblage of related parts in which there exists an

operating mechanism.
Hierarchical system: a system in which each part have a level but
without a like or equal
+ 17

Contents

 1.1- Organization and Architecture.

 1.2- Structure and functions
18
1.1- Computer Organization and Architecture
• Attributes of a system visible to the • Instruction set, number of
programmer bits used to represent various
• Have a direct impact on the logical data types, I/O
execution of a program mechanisms, techniques for
addressing memory

include:
Computer attributes
Architecture Architectural

Differences:

include:
attributes Computer
Organizational Organization

• Hardware details transparent to the • The operational units and

programmer, control signals, interfaces their interconnections that
between the computer and peripherals, realize the architectural
memory technology used specifications
+ 19

Read by yourself:
IBM System/370 Architecture
 IBM System/370 architecture
 Was introduced in 1970
 Included a number of models
 Could upgrade to a more expensive, faster model without having to abandon
(chối bỏ) original software
 New models are introduced with improved technology, but retain the same
architecture so that the customer’s software investment is protected
 Architecture has survived to this day as the architecture of IBM’s mainframe
product line

 More details: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System/370

+ 20

Building Block

 Who are interested in computers with

architectral look?
 Who are interested in computers with
organizational look?
+ 21

1.2- Structure and Function

 Hierarchical system  Structure
 Set of interrelated subsystems  The way in which components
(modules) relate to each other
 Hierarchical nature of complex  Function
systems is essential to both their
 The operation of individual
design and their description
components as part of the
 Designer need only deal with a structure
particular level of the system at a
time
 Concerned with structure and
function at each level

Modularity is the degree to which system's components may be

separated and recombined
Module is a specific discrete thing/named code/circuit which has it’s
own function to use
+ Apparatus:
Things
Functions provided as
means to some
end (peripherals
 A computer can perform )
four basic functions:

● Data processing
● Data storage
● Data movement
● Control
+  Open the Notepad
application
 Input text to this application
 Minimizethe Notepad
window and all opened
Practical & windows to the task bar
Discussion
 Type the keyboard the text:
“I hate you”
 Giveyour explanation about
things happened
+
Operations Peripheral 1 Peripheral 2
(a)
Data movement
+Operations External
environment

(b)
Data storage read

write

Building block:
Why data from an
external device can not
move to storage
automatically?
+
Operations

(c)
Data movement

Building block: read

Open the Calculator to
compute some numeric
operations. Give your
explanation write
compute
+

Operations

(d)
Control
28

linkages

The
Computer
29
1+2

1 + 2
3

Structure
Try to verify
+
CPU – controls the operation of
the computer and performs its data
There are four processing functions
main structural
components  Main Memory – stores data
of the computer:  I/O – moves data between the
computer and its external
environment

 System Interconnection – some

mechanism that provides for
communication among CPU, main
memory, and I/O
+  Control Unit
CPU  Controls the operation of the CPU and
hence the computer
Major structural
 Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
components:  Performs the computer’s data processing
function

 Registers
 Provide storage internal to the CPU

 CPU Interconnection
 Some mechanism that provides for
communication among the control unit,
ALU, and registers
+ 32

Exercises
(Write your answers to your notebook)

 1.1
What, in general terms, is the distinction between computer
organization and computer architecture?
 1.2What, in general terms, is the distinction between computer
structure and computer function?
 1.3 What are the four main functions of a computer?
 1.4
List and briefly define the main structural components of a
computer.
 1.5
List and briefly define the main structural components of a
processor.
+ Summary
33

Introduction

Chapter 1
 Computer Organization
 Structure
 CPU
 Computer Architecture  Main memory
 Function
 I/O
 Data processing
 System interconnection
 Data storage  CPU structural components
 Data movement  Control unit
 Control  ALU
 Registers
 CPU interconnection
+ 34

Internet Resources
- Web site for book
 http://WilliamStallings.com/COA/COA9e.html
 Links to sites of interest
 Links to sites for courses that use the book
 Errata list for book
 Information on other books by W. Stallings

 http://WilliamStallings.com/StudentSupport.html
 Math
 How-to
 Research resources
 Misc