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Arithmetic

The document discusses arithmetic operations in Prolog such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, integer division, power and remainder. It explains how to use comparison operators like greater than, less than, etc. It also provides examples of using arithmetic operators and comparison operators in Prolog programs. There are exercises provided to write Prolog programs to find the maximum of two numbers, calculate factorials, and check if a number is between two given numbers. The solutions provided define the predicates to solve these problems recursively.

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eskeinder birri
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49 views

Arithmetic

The document discusses arithmetic operations in Prolog such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, integer division, power and remainder. It explains how to use comparison operators like greater than, less than, etc. It also provides examples of using arithmetic operators and comparison operators in Prolog programs. There are exercises provided to write Prolog programs to find the maximum of two numbers, calculate factorials, and check if a number is between two given numbers. The solutions provided define the predicates to solve these problems recursively.

Uploaded by

eskeinder birri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ARITHMETIC

ARITHMETIC

 Some of the predefined operators can be used for basic


arithmetic operations. These are:
+ addition
- subtraction
* multiplication
 / division
 // integer division
 ** power
 mod the remainder of integer division

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ARITHMETIC…1

 ?- X=1+2.
 Prolog will answer
 X=1+2. not X=3.
 The is operator
X is 1+2.
 The answer will be
 X=3.

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ARITHMETIC…
 Comparison operator
 X>Y…………. X is grater than Y
 X<Y………… X is less than Y
 X>=Y………. X is grater than or equal to Y
 X=<Y ………. X is less than or equal to Y
 X=:=Y………. The value of X and Y are equal
 X=\=Y--------- The value of X and Y are not equal

 Note:
 X=Y matches object X and object Y
 Example: 1+2=1+2……true
1+2=2+1…. False
 X=:= Y …..arithmetic evaluation
 Example: 1+2=:=1+2….. True 4

1+2=:=2+1 …… True
EXERCISE
 Define the relation
 max(X,Y,Max). So that Max is the greater of two number X
and Y.
 Write a prolog program that can use to check factorial of
a number?
 For example
 ?- fact(3,6).
 True
 ?- fact(3,7).
 Some error message

 Write a prolog program in which between(I,J,K) is true if


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K is an integer between I and J inclusive.
 compare(X,Y,Max,Min):-X>Y,Max is X,Min is Y .
 compare(X,Y,Max,Min):-X<Y,Max is Y,Min is X.

 max(X,Y):-X>Y,Max is X, write(Max).

 max(X,Y):-X<Y,Max is Y, write(Max).

6
 fact(0,1).
 fact(X,Y):- K is X-1, fact(K,M), Y is X*M.

7
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inbetween(2,5,X)
How the recursive
relation works for
Second rule X=K
inbetween relation

J1 is 4, inbetween(2,4,K) First rule X=J= 5


Second rule X=K

J1 is 3 , inbetween (2,3,K)
First rule X=J=4
First rule X=J= 4
Second rule X=K

J1 is 2 , inbetween (2,3,K)
First rule X=J= 3
Second rule
X=K

Fail
First rule X=J= 2 9
 go:-write('what do you wish to do \n type 1--for addition \n 2--- for
subtraction \n 3-- multiplication \n 4--for division \n '),
 read(A),(A=:=1->write("input numbers to
add"),read(X),read(Y),R is X+Y,write(X+Y=R);(A=:=2-
>write("input numbers to subtract"),read(X),read(Y),R is X-
Y,write(X-Y=R);(A=:=3->write("input numbers to
multiply"),read(X),read(Y),R is X*Y,write(X*Y=R);(A=:=4-
>write("input numbers to divide"),read(X),read(Y),(Y=:=0-
>write("Y can't be 0"),fail), R is
X/Y,write(X/Y=R);write("invalid"))))).

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