Media

&
Globali
zation
Objectives:
 Analyze how various media drive different
forms of global integration;
 Compare the social impacts of different
media on the processes of globalization;
 Explain the dynamic between local and
global cultural production; and
 Define responsible media consumption
“Globalization entails the
spread of various culture.”
Cultural exchange tools:
 Television programs
 Social media group

 Books
 Movies

 Magazines
 Newspapers
Jake Lule asked:
 Could global trade have evolved without a flow of
information on markets, prices, commodities and
more?
 Could empires have stretched across the world
without communication throughout their borders?
 Could religion, music, poetry, film, fiction, cuisine,
and fashion develop as they have without the
intermingling of media and cultures?
What are the effects
of media with
Globalization?
“Practically there’s no globalization
without media & communications”
(Terhi Rantanen, 2004)
 The electronic media & communication
sector, which ranges from
telecommunication networks & the Internet,
through to radio, television & film, is itself
among the most active in the current drive
for the globalization of production, markets
& trade.
 process has been facilitated by a world-wide
trend toward deregulation and privatization
of the mass media.
 Globalization – the growing integration of
economies & societies around the world –
has been one of the most hotly-debated
topics in international economics over the
past few years.
 Information dissemination – fast (e.g. news
for Steve Jobs dead)
 The social consequences of the globalization of the sector
itself are comparable to those of many other sectors, &
include the restructuring of employment relations &
conditions, & international competition for footloose
capital based on cheaper labor.
 For instance, the social consequences of facilitating the
emergence of globalize financial transactions (e-
commerce) & manufacturing industries open markets for
“lifestyle” products (Valentine Day, Mothers Day, etc.),
popular culture (k-pop culture), which includes fast food
(KFC, McDonald, etc.) and cosmetics (SK-II, ), are a
result of the growth of these sectors (softening up cultures
for consumerism).
 special characteristic of the globalization of the media
& communication sector is as a powerful agent in the
transformation of social, cultural & political structures.
 impact of the gradual commercialization of media &
communications on critical social functions, such as the
formation of individual & community identity, cultural &
language diversity, the capacity to participate in the
political process & the integrity of the public sphere, the
availability of information & knowledge in the public
domain, & the use of media for development,
educational & human rights purposes.
 vital functions - respects democracy, human rights &
economic, social & cultural needs.
 Free flow of information also cause Media Imperialism
(confusing the whole world concerning real fact)
 “Global Village” concept by McLuhan (1964) & Meyrowitz
(1985) – existent ICT has dense space & time enable
societies around the globe living in borderless world.
 United Nations itself has encouraged member countries to
invest in digital technology as a way to achieve its
millennium development goals (MDG).
 The uneven development of ICT indicates that the benefits
of new technology will be felt by the only few innovative
adopters at the expense of a larger group of laggards.
SOCIAL CHANGE
 Transformation of traditional society into a
modern society.
Changing of attitudes and norms
Adoption of innovation
Urbanization
Better income
 End Poverty and Hunger
 Universal Education
 Gender Equality
 Child Health
 Maternal Health
 Combat HIV/AIDS
 Environmental
Sustainability
 Global Partnership

MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS

Questions
1. What is the role of social media in
social/political change?
2. If social media is so important, why should
not governments simply cut it in times of
crisis?
3. What happens if you cut communications?

15
CURRENT ISSUES

.
Internet Usage
 as “social” technology
 as a capital-enhancing activity.
 as an ‘online shopping mall’
 as recreational outlets

 “Social change” – what the Internet can offer that

mass media could not?

 “Internet Literacy” - to effectively find, use,

summarize, evaluate, create, and communicate
information while using digital technologies
“Globalization" Characteristic:
 People around the globe are more connected to each
other than ever before. Information & money flow more
quickly than ever.
 Goods & services produced in one part of the world are
increasingly available in all parts of the world.
International travel is more frequent.
 International communication is commonplace.
 Among factor which contributes to global communication
development is international news exposure by printed &
electronics media. Printed media agencies like Associated
Press, Reuter, and Agence France Press while electronic
visual media likes Reuters and World Television Network
(WTN) were among international media firm which play
main roles in these process.
Questions
 Do we need to regulate media at all?
Four of the main international organizations
involved in regulating and governing the media at
the global level are:
1. International Telecommunication Union (ITU);
2. United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization (UNESCO);
3. Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and
Numbers (ICANN); &
4. World Trade Organization (WTO) stand out.
Greater international cultural exchange
 Spreading of multiculturalism, and better
individual access to cultural diversity (e.g. through
the export of Hollywood and Bollywood movies).
However, the imported culture can easily supplant
the local culture, causing reduction in diversity
through hybridization or even assimilation. The
most prominent form of this is Westernization, but
Sinicization of cultures has taken place over most
of Asia for many centuries.
 Greater international travel and tourism
 Greater immigration, including illegal immigration
Greater international cultural exchange

 Spread of local consumer products (e.g.

food) to other countries (often adapted to
their culture)
 World-wide fads and pop culture such as
Pokemon, Idol series, YouTube, Black
Mental, Hip-Hop, and etc.
 World-wide sporting events such as FIFA
World Cup and the English Premier
League (EPL), Olympics Games & etc.
 Formation or development of a set of
universal values.
Impact of Globalizations on
Developing Countries
1. Trade
2. Capital movements
3. Movement of people
4. Spread of knowledge (and technology)
Transformation
of Traditional
Society Into A
Modern Society
Social Change:
Changing of attitudes and norms
Adoption of innovation
Urbanization
Better income

Communication & Change:

Top-down Strategy
Mass Media As ‘Magic Multiplier’
The Process (How it can Happen?):
 First level – accessibility
 Second level – usage
 Third level – outcomes

Issues:
 End Poverty and Hunger
 Universal Education
 Gender Equality
 Child Health
 Maternal Health
 Combat HIV/AIDS
 Environmental Sustainability
 Global Partnership
Communication as Dialogue:
 Dialogue cannot occur between those who
deny other men the right to speak their word
and those whose right to speak has been
denied them.
 Dialogue cannot be carried in a climate of
hopelessness.
 Without dialogue there is no communication,
and without communication there can be no
true education (change).