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Counters and its types (2)

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123 views

Counters and its types (2)

Uploaded by

areebaijaz722
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Counters and its types

Digital logic design


Counters:
• Counter is the sequential circuit. It is designed
by flip flops. Counter is the special kind of
device or register which stores the number of
times or clock pulses a particular event or
process occurred or at arriving its input.
No of Flip Flops Count

n 2^n 0 - 2^(n-1)

2 4 0-3 Mode 4

3 8 0-7 Mode 8
Applications:

• Frequency Measurement and Division


• Timing
• Binary Arithmetic
• Data Storage
• Digital Signal Processing
• Counter can be used as frequency divider circuits.
That means calculating time in timers such electronic
devices as Ovens and Washing Machines, etc.
CLASS ACTIVITY
• If we have Mod 10:
• Find numbers of flip of flop and count

• 0-1-2-3-4 :
• After 22 clock pulse what is the next value
Asynchronous (Ripple) Counter:
•How it works:
• The flip-flops are not clocked together.
• The first flip-flop gets the clock, and each
following flip-flop is triggered by the
previous one.
•Example: A 3-bit ripple counter counts
in binary, starting from 0 to 7.
Advantages: Simple to design.
Disadvantages: Slower due to the ripple
effect.
Synchronous Counter:
• How it works:
– All flip-flops receive the clock signal at the same time.
– This allows the counter to operate faster.
• Example: A 3-bit synchronous counter, where all 3
flip-flops change their state simultaneously with
each clock pulse.
• Advantages: Faster, synchronized operation.
Disadvantages: More complex than asynchronous
counters.
Up Counter:
• How it works:
– The counter counts up (incrementing) with each
clock pulse.
• Example: A 3-bit up counter counts from 0 to
7, then resets to 0.
• Advantages: Simple counting process.
Disadvantages: Cannot count backwards.
Down Counter:

• How it works:
– The counter counts down (decrementing) with
each clock pulse.
• Example: A 3-bit down counter counts from 7
to 0, then resets to 7.
• Advantages: Useful in applications that
require countdowns.
Disadvantages: Only counts down, not up.
Up/Down Counter:
• How it works:
– This type of counter can count both up and down,
depending on the control signal.
• Example: A 3-bit up/down counter that can count
from 0 to 7 (up) or 7 to 0 (down) depending on the
control input.
• Advantages: Flexible, can be used in both
directions.
Disadvantages: Slightly more complex due to the
control logic.
Ring Counter:
• How it works:
– The output of the last flip-flop is connected back
to the first flip-flop, creating a "ring" of flip-flops.
• Example: A 4-bit ring counter can count
through 4 states (each bit shifts in a ring-like
pattern).
• Advantages: Simple to design for certain
applications (like timing).
Disadvantages: Limited number of states.

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