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CSCI1580-Lab6-Tutorial

The document provides an overview of arrays and 2D arrays in programming, including their declaration, allocation, and accessing elements. It explains the importance of arrays for data handling and includes examples of how to work with both 1D and 2D arrays. Additionally, it presents exercises for practical application of the concepts discussed.

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4 views

CSCI1580-Lab6-Tutorial

The document provides an overview of arrays and 2D arrays in programming, including their declaration, allocation, and accessing elements. It explains the importance of arrays for data handling and includes examples of how to work with both 1D and 2D arrays. Additionally, it presents exercises for practical application of the concepts discussed.

Uploaded by

3C 01 蔡依涵
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CSCI1580 Lab 7

Array & 2D Array

Shaozuo YU
[email protected]
Objective
• Usage of array
– Declaration and allocation of array
– Accessing elements in array
What is array?

• An array is a group of variables.


a single variable array with 8 variables
C -45 C(0) -45
C(1) 6
C(2) 7

Name of array. C
C(3) 1534
C(4) 0
C(5) 1
C(6) 78
Index (or subscript) of the
element in array C. C(7) 999

Note: The first element has the index of zero!


Declaration and Allocation

• To declare an array, we haveIndicate


to provide
that the name
this is a array
and the type:
Dim c As Integer() or Dim c() As Integer
Arrays are objects, so they must
Allocate memory be allocated using the
Initialization
keyword New:for the array of the array

c = New Integer(11) {} or c = New Integer(0 To 11) {}


The last index
of the array An array with 12 variables.
These two steps can be shortened:
Dim c As Integer() = New Integer(11) {}
Dim c(11) As Integer
Array Length

• c.Length is the size of array c.

Sub Main()
' Create an array with 6 elements Length of c = 6
' All elements are initialized 0 10
Dim c As Integer() = {10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5} 1 9
Console.WriteLine(“Length of c = " & c.Length) 2 8
For i As Integer = 0 To c.Length-1 Step 1 3 7
Console.WriteLine(i & " " & c(i)) 4 6
Next 5 5
End Sub
Array Upper Bound
Recommended!
• c.GetUpperBound(0) returns the index of the last
element in the array, i.e., one less than the length.
Sub Main()
' Create an array with 6 elements c.Length-1
' All elements are initialized
Dim c As Integer() = {10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5}
Console.WriteLine(“GetUpperBound(0) = " & c.GetUpperBound(0))
For i As Integer = 0 To c.GetUpperBound(0) Step 1
Console.WriteLine(i & " " & c(i))
Next
End Sub GetUpperBound(0) = 5
0 10
1 9
2 8
3 7
4 6
5 5
Array Upper Bound
• An array with 12 variables.

Dim c(11) As Integer


c.Length = 12
c.GetUpperBound(0) = 11
For Each … In

• Alternatively, we can use for each statement to access each


element
Sub Main()
' Create an array with 6 elements
' All elements are initialized
Dim c As Integer() = {10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5}
For Each element in c
Console.WriteLine(element)
Next
End Sub
10
9
8
7
6
5
Exercise
• Declare two array
• Allocate two array

• Accessing elements in two array with the


same index
2D Array
• Definition: A 2D array is a collection of data items,
all of the same type, which are accessed using two
indices, one to select the row and the other to
select the column.
• Importance: 2D arrays are crucial for handling
tabular data, matrix operations, and creating grid-
based games.
• Real-world Application: Examples include storing
data of a spreadsheet, pixel values of an image, or
the board state in a game like chess.
Review Declaration and Initialization
Declare with Initializers
Dim a As Integer(,) = New Integer(1,2) {{1,2,3}
{4,5,6}}

Short Version:
Dim a As Integer(,) = {{1,2,3}{4,5,6}}
Accessing 2D Array Elements

Accessing Elements: Elements in a 2D array are


accessed using two indices: 2DArray(row, column)

Looping: Nested loops are used to traverse 2D arrays.


Operations on 2D Arrays
Common Operations: Adding/removing rows or
columns, finding the dimensions, etc.

Example Code for Finding Dimensions:


Execises
1. Create and initialize a 2D array to represent a 3x3
matrix.

2. Write a program to find the maximum and minimum


values in a 2D array.

To review 2D array as Function return variable, parameter and


augumentation. Please check the Lecture Note 09. 2D Array P6-P7
Thanks

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