cot-caught merger

English

Pronunciation

• (US, without the merger) enPR: ʹkŏt kôt mûrjər IPA^(key): /ˈkɑt kɔt ˌmɝd͡ʒɚ/

  • Audio (US, without the cot–caught merger):

    (file)

• (cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑt kɑt ˌmɝd͡ʒɚ/

  • Audio (US, cot–caught merger):

    (file)

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈkɒt kɔːt ˌmɜːd͡ʒə/
  • (Standard Southern British) IPA^(key): [ˈkɔt koːt ˌməːd͡ʒə]
• (Scotland) IPA^(key): /ˈkɔt kɔt ˌmɛɾdʒəɾ/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈkɔt koːt ˌmɜːd͡ʒə/
• (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /ˈkɔt koːt ˌmøːd͡ʒɘ/

Noun

cot-caught merger (plural cot-caught mergers)

1. (phonology) A phonemic merger in some varieties of English (especially American, Canadian and Scottish English) in which the vowels in words such as hot and doll (/ɒ/) and in words such as law and talk (/ɔː/) are pronounced identically, making the words cot and caught homophones.

   Synonym: low back merger

   • 2011, Scott F Kiesling, Linguistic Variation and Change, page 81:

     One was /au/-monophthongisation, described earlier in Chapter 2, while the second was the so-called low-back merger (LBM), also referred to as the cot–caught merger because words in these two classes are pronounced the same and speakers cannot hear any small differences in their pronunciation, even when they are present.

See also

• father-bother merger