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Epistemology > Epistemological Theories > Epistemic Contextualism

Epistemic Contextualism

Edited by Jonathan Ichikawa (University of British Columbia)
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Contextualist Replies to Skepticism (183)
Epistemic Contextualism and Invariantism (270)
Epistemic Contextualism and Relativism (107)
Epistemic Contextualism, Misc (93)
Epistemic Contrastivism (60)
History/traditions: Epistemic Contextualism
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  1. On Nonfoundationalistic Theories of Epistemic Justification.Timo Airaksinen - 1981 - Southern Journal of Philosophy 19 (4):403-412.
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  2. Contextualism, a New Theory Ofepistemic Justification?Timo Airksinen - 1982 - Philosophia 12 (1-2):37-50.
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  3. The Social and Cultural Component of Epistemic Justification — a Reply.David B. Annis - 1982 - Philosophia 12 (1-2):51-55.
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  4. Justification.Wayne Angus Backman - 1982 - Dissertation, University of Cincinnati
    This dissertation is an investigation into the nature of justification and rational belief. In Chapter I, four theories of the justification of belief are presented and criticized. These theories--classical foundationalism, modest foundationalism, coherentism, and the causal theory--are found to be similar in a certain respect. They each embody or are consistent with a certain conception of rationality, one in which beliefs are rational just in case they are backed by adequate justifications, and in which adequate justifications are thought to be (...)
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  5. Moser, P., "Empirical Justification". [REVIEW]Laurence BonJour - 1987 - Mind 96:110.
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  6. Blumberg on Moral Criticism.L. V. Brettler - 1975 - Mind 84 (336):579-582.
    D. Blumbergi identifies three kinds of moral criticism: (i) of an individual for violating a moral practice in his society, (2) of a moral practice but not the individual who participates in it, and (3) of both an individual and the practice in accordance with which he acts ('practice-personal' criticism) (p. 348). According to Mr. Blumberg, successful derivation of a conclusive 'ought'-statement from statements about socially-created obligations would show how moral criticisms of type 1 are justified. Moral criticisms of type (...)
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  7. The Role of Context in the Construction of Biotechnological Knowledge.Eloisa Cianci - 2012 - World Futures 68 (3):178 - 187.
    The aim of this article is to show how context, in its multiple forms, as well as having influence in localization, organization, government, and business of firms, is also fundamental on an epistemological level because it acts directly on the dynamics of scientific knowledge construction. It will be shown how context takes on the role of a constraint that strongly influences the growth of the endless possibilities from which a scientific knowledge emerges, and how epistemology has to rethink the definition (...)
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  8. Contextualismo y escepticismo.Stewart Cohen - 2000 - Teorema: International Journal of Philosophy 19 (3):113-126.
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  9. Living with Contextualism.Richard H. Dees - 1994 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 24 (2):243 - 260.
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  10. Knowledge and Context.Wolfgang Detel - 2001 - Philosophical Inquiry 23 (3-4):1-25.
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  11. Knowledge, Chance, and Contrast.Paul Dimmock - 2012 - Dissertation, University of St. Andrews
    The late 1980s and early 1990s saw the rise of contextualist theories of knowledge ascriptions (and denials). Contextualists about ‘knows’ maintain that utterances of the form ‘S knows p’ and ‘S doesn’t know p’ resemble utterances such as ‘Peter is here’ and ‘Peter is not here’, in the sense that their truth-conditions vary depending upon features of the context in which they are uttered. In recent years, contextualism about ‘knows’ has come under heavy attack. This has been associated with a (...)
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  12. A Contextualist Modification of Cornman.Jane Duran - 1986 - Philosophia 16 (3-4):377-388.
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  13. Les Attributions.Michael B. Ewbank - 1986 - Review of Metaphysics 39 (3):577-579.
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  14. 12 Freedom and Contextualism.Richard Feldman - 2004 - In M. O.’Rourke J. K. Campbell (ed.), Freedom and Determinism. MIT Press. pp. 255.
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  15. The Finality of Knowledge in C. I. Lewis.Martin J. Flynn - 1950 - New Scholasticism 24 (3):309-313.
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  16. Comments on Neta's Contextualism and a Puzzle About Seeing.Richard Gallimore - 2007 - Philosophical Studies 134 (1):65-69.
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  17. Contextualism in Psychological Research? A Critical Review.Edwin E. Gantt - 2001 - Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 20 (2):242.
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  18. Krista Lawlor, Assurance: An Austinian View of Knowledge and Knowledge Claims (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013). 231 Pp., £35.00 Hb. [REVIEW]Martin Gustafsson - 2014 - Philosophical Investigations 37 (3):272-276.
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  19. Contextualismo integrativo (Integrative Contextualism).Ricardo Vázquez Gutiérrez & Jonatan García Campos - 2013 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 28 (1):27-44.
    Argumentamos que el tipo de contextualismo que defendemos, el contextualismo integrativo, ofrece una manera de ordenar e integrar algunos de los distintos conceptos de justificación en pugna. Mostraremos de qué modo, puesto que cada uno de estos conceptos implica distintas intuiciones y estándares de justificación de una creencia, es posible distinguir diferentes contextos de atribución de justificación igualmente válidos entre sí. En particular, sostendremos que el contextualismo integrativo muestra que las disputas entre dos teorías de la justificación, a saber, el (...)
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  20. Introduction: The Point and Purpose of Epistemic Evaluation.David Henderson & John Greco - 2015 - In David Henderson & John Greco (eds.), Epistemic Evaluation: Purposeful Epistemology. Oxford University Press. pp. 1-28.
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  21. On Attributions of Self-Knowledge.Jaakko Hintikka - 1970 - Journal of Philosophy 67 (February):73-87.
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  22. Dewey, Wittgenstein, and Contextualist Epistemology.Charles A. Hobbs - 2008 - Southwest Philosophy Review 24 (2):71-85.
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  23. Why Epistemic Contextualism Does Not Provide an Adequate Account of Knowledge: Comments on Barke.Frank Hofmann - 2004 - Erkenntnis 61 (2-3):375-382.
    According to Antonia Barkes version of contextualism, epistemic contextualism, a context is defined by a method and its associated assumptions. The subject has to make the assumption that the method is adequate or reliable and that good working conditions hold in order to arrive at knowledge by employing the method. I will criticize Barkes claim that epistemic contextualism can provide a more satisfactory explanation or motivation for context shifts than conversational contextualism (in particular, David Lewiss contextualism). Two more points of (...)
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  24. Quantifiers, Knowledge, and Counterfactuals.Jonathan Ichikawa - 2011 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 82 (2):287 - 313.
    Many of the motivations in favor of contextualism about knowledge apply also to a contextualist approach to counterfactuals. I motivate and articulate such an approach, in terms of the context-sensitive 'all cases', in the spirit of David Lewis's contextualist view about knowledge. The resulting view explains intuitive data, resolves a puzzle parallel to the skeptical paradox, and renders safety and sensitivity, construed as counterfactuals, necessary conditions on knowledge.
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  25. Imagination and Epistemology.Jonathan Ichikawa - 2008 - Dissertation, Rutgers University
    Among the tools the epistemologist brings to the table ought to be, I suggest, a firm understanding of the imagination--one that is informed by philosophy of mind, cognitive psychology, and neuroscience. In my dissertation, I highlight several ways in which such an understanding of the imagination can yield insight into traditional questions in epistemology. My dissertation falls into three parts. In Part I, I argue that dreaming should be understood in imaginative terms, and that this has important implications for questions (...)
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  26. Epistemology: Contexts, Values, Disagreements (Proceedings of the 34th International Ludwig Wittgenstein Symposium).Christoph Jäger & Winfried Loeffler (eds.) - 2012 - Ontos Verlag.
    The present volume collects papers that were presented at the 34th International Wittgenstein Symposium “Epistemology: Contexts, Values, Disagreement” 2011 in Kirchberg. Contributors include: P. Baumann, A. Beckermann, E. Brendel, J. Bromand, G. Brun, M. David, W. Davis, C. Elgin, E. Fischer, W. Freitag, S. Goldberg, J. Greco, E. Harcourt, A. Kemmerling, M. Kober, D. Koppelberg, A. Koritensky, H. Kornblith, M. Kusch, M. Lee, N. Miscevic, K. Munn, B. Niederbacher, E. J. Olsson, C. Piller, R. Raaatzsch, S. Schmoranzer, S. Schroeder, G. (...)
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  27. Michael Williams. "Groundless Belief: An Essay on the Possibility of Epistemology". [REVIEW]O. A. Johnson - 1978 - Metaphilosophy 9:69.
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  28. Together We Are Two::The Contexts of Knowledge.Lisette Josephides - unknown
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  29. Moral Particularism and Epistemic Contextualism: Comments on Lance and Little.Nikola Kompa - 2004 - Erkenntnis 61 (2-3):457-467.
    Do we need defeasible generalizations in epistemology, generalizations that are genuinely explanatory yet ineliminably exception-laden? Do we need them to endow our epistemology with a substantial explanatory structure? Mark Lance and Margaret Little argue for the claim that we do. I will argue that we can just as well do without them – at least in epistemology. So in the paper, I am trying to very briefly sketch an alternative contextualist picture. More specifically, the claim will be that although an (...)
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  30. The Context Sensitivity of Knowledge Ascriptions.Nikola Kompa - 2002 - Grazer Philosophische Studien 64 (1):1-18.
    According to contextualist accounts, the truth value of a given knowledge ascription may vary with features of the ascriber's context. As a result, the following may be true: "X doesn't know that P but Y says something true in asserting 'X knows that P'". The contextualist must defend his theory in the light of this unpleasant but inevitable consequence. The best way of doing this is to construe the context sensitivity of knowledge ascriptions not as deriving from an alleged indexicality (...)
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  31. On the Prospects for Virtue Contextualism: Comments on Greco.Dirk Koppelberg - 2004 - Erkenntnis 61 (2-3):401-413.
    John Greco has proposed a new sort of contextualism which exhibits a principled grounding in an agent reliabilist virtue epistemology. In this paper I will discuss Greco's two main reasons in favor of virtue contextualism. The first reason is that his account of knowledge can be derived from a more general theory of virtue and credit. The second reason consists in the thesis that a virtue contextualist solution to the lottery problem is superior to standards contextualism. With regard to the (...)
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  32. The Contextualist Evasion of Epistemology.Hilary Kornblith - 2000 - Noûs 34 (s1):24 - 32.
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  33. Contextualism, Philosophy of Objective Reality.Jb Kozak - 1995 - Filosoficky Casopis 43 (2):287-296.
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  34. Contextualism Was Ambitious.Murray Krieger - 1962 - Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 21 (1):81-88.
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  35. Group Knowledge Attributions.Jennifer Lackey - unknown
    A view growing in popularity in the current philosophical literature is that the purpose of knowledge attributions is to identify or flag good informants. Such a thesis has its origin in the work of Bernard Williams and Edward Craig. Williams, for instance, claims that the central point of the concept of knowledge is “to find somebody who is a source of reliable information about something” (1973, p.
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  36. Assertion, Knowledge, and Invariant Standards.William Larkin - manuscript
    Epistemic contextualism is the view that the truth-conditions for knowledge attributions can vary across contexts as a result of shifting epistemic standards. According to Keith DeRose, the “chief bugaboo of contextualism has been the concern that the contextualist is mistaking variability in the conditions of..
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  37. On the Standards-Variantist Solution to Skepticism.Kok Yong Lee - 2017 - International Journal for the Study of Skepticism 7 (3):173-198.
    _ Source: _Volume 7, Issue 3, pp 173 - 198 The _skeptical puzzle_ consists of three independently plausible yet jointly inconsistent claims: S knows a certain _o_rdinary _p_roposition op; S does not know the denial of a certain _s_keptical _h_ypothesis sh; and S knows that op only if S knows that not-sh. The _variantist solution _ claims that and not- are true in the _ordinary_ context, but false in the _skeptical_ one. _Epistemic contextualism_ has offered a _standards-variantist solution_, which is (...)
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  38. Why Contextualism and Relative Rationality Doesn't Need Feminist Epistemology.Merel Lefevere - unknown
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  39. Who's a Pragmatist: Distinguishing Epistemic Pragmatism and Contextualism.Joseph W. Long - 2002 - Journal of Speculative Philosophy 16 (1):39-49.
    There is a tendency among contemporary epistemologists to call every social or existential theory of knowledge pragmatism or neopragmatism. In this paper, I hope to show that this tendency is an error. In the first section, I will explore and attempt to define epistemic pragmatism. In the second section, I will explicate an existential alternative to pragmatism, epistemic contextualism, and differentiate it from pragmatism. In conclusion, I will apply my definition of pragmatism and the pragmatism-contextualism distinction in an attempt to (...)
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  40. Contextualism, Multi-Tasking, and Third-Person Knowledge Reports: A Note on Keith DeRose's The Case for Contextualism1. [REVIEW]Peter Ludlow - 2012 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 84 (3):686-692.
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  41. Contextualism and the New Linguistic Turn in Epistemology.Peter Ludlow - 2005 - In Gerhard Preyer & Georg Peter (eds.), Contextualism in Philosophy: Knowledge, Meaning, and Truth. Oxford University Press. pp. 11--51.
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  42. Unnatural Doubts: Epistemological Realism and the Basis of Skepticism by Michael Williams. [REVIEW]Marie McGinn - 1993 - Journal of Philosophy 90 (4):211-215.
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  43. Review of John Hawthorne, Knowledge and Lotteries. [REVIEW]Matthew McGrath - 2004 - Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2004 (8).
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  44. Two Purposes of Knowledge Attribution and the Contextualism Debate.Matthew McGrath - unknown
    In this chapter, we follow Edward Craig’s advice: ask what the concept of knowledge does for us and use our findings as clues about its application conditions. What a concept does for us is a matter of what we can do with it, and what we do with concepts is deploy them in thought and language. So, we will examine the purposes we have in attributing knowledge. This chapter examines two such purposes, agent evaluation and informant-suggestion, and brings the results (...)
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  45. What Assertion Doesn't Show.Conor McHugh - 2012 - European Journal of Philosophy 20 (3):407-429.
    Abstract: Some recent arguments against the classical invariantist account of knowledge exploit the idea that there is a ‘knowledge norm’ for assertion. It is claimed that, given the existence of this norm, certain intuitions about assertability support contextualism, or contrastivism, over classical invariantism. In this paper I show that, even if we accept the existence of a knowledge norm, these assertability-based arguments fail. The classical invariantist can accommodate and explain the relevant intuitions about assertability, in a way that retains the (...)
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  46. Knowledge Ascriptions. [REVIEW]R. Mckenna - 2015 - Philosophical Quarterly 65 (259):292-295.
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  47. Contextualism in Epistemology.Robin McKenna - 2015 - Analysis 75 (3):489-503.
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  48. The Mind-Independence of Contexts for Knowledge-Attributions.Giovanni Mion & Christopher Gauker - 2017 - In Jonathan Ichikawa (ed.), Routledge Handbook of Epistemic Contextualism. New York, USA: Routledge. pp. 455-464.
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  49. Is Apriority Context-Sensitive?Nenad Miščević - 2005 - Acta Analytica 20 (1):55-80.
    The paper argues that the use of epistemic terms, prominently “… knows” and even “… knows a priori/a posteriori” is context-sensitive along several dimensions. Besides the best known dimension of quality of evidence (lower quality for less demanding context, and higher one for more demanding), there is a dimension of depth (shallow justification for superficial evaluation, and deeper justification for deeper probing evaluation contexts). This claim is illustrated by context-dependent ascription of apriority and aposteriority. The argument proposed here focuses upon (...)
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  50. Consuming Knowledge Claims Across Contexts.Emil Frederik Lundbjerg Moeller - 2015 - Synthese 192 (12):4057-4070.
    Williamson and others have argued that contextualist theories of the semantics of ‘know’ have a special problem of accounting for our practices of ‘consuming’ knowledge attributions and denials made in other contexts. In what follows, I shall understand the objection as the idea that contextualism has a special problem of accounting for how we are able to acquire epistemically useful information from knowledge claims made in other contexts. I respond to the objection by arguing that the defeasibility of knowledge makes (...)
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