- Homosexuality
- ⚢✔ Legal
- Gay Marriage
- ⚭✖ Banned
- Censorship
- ✖ State-enforced
- Changing Gender
- ✖ Legal, but requires surgery
- Gender-Affirming Care
- ✖ Legal, but restricted for minors
- Non-Binary Gender Recognition
- ✖ Not legally recognized
- Discrimination
- ✖ No protections
- Employment Discrimination
- ✖ No protections
- Housing Discrimination
- ✖ No protections
- Adoption
- ✖ Single only
- Intersex Infant Surgery
- ✖ Not banned
- Military
- ✖ Illegal
- Donating Blood
- ✖ Banned (indefinite deferral)
- Conversion Therapy
- ✖ Not banned
- Age of Consent
- ✔ Equal
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Public Opinion
Recent studies in Turkey show a discernible level of opposition to LGBTQ+ rights among the population.
OPPOSE
SUPPORT
Perception of LGBTQ+ People
Survey results from 31 LGBTQ+ Equaldex users who lived in or visited Turkey.
Overall
Perceived Safety**Survey results represent personal perceptions of safety and may not be indicative of current actual conditions.
Equal Treatment
Visibility & Representation
Culture
Services
History
Same-sex marriage in Turkey is banned.
Current status
Banned
Turkey does not legally recognize same-sex marriages, civil unions or domestic partnership benefits.
Censorship of LGBT issues in Turkey is state-enforced.
Current status
Since Jun 28, 2015
State-enforced
Since 2015, pride parades and related public events are blocked in Turkey, with law enforcement intervening.
On June 28th, 2015, the Istanbul Pride March was violently dispersed by police despite a history of it occurring peacefully with police protection and a trans pride march taking place only days ago without incident. Istanbul Pride has remained banned since then.
Turkey’s Ministry of Industry and Commerce requires online shops to mark LGBT-themed products with a minimum age of 18+. Companies who do not comply have their advertising suspended.
Board members of the ministry agreed that not listing such products with a warning risks children’s ”mental, psychological and social development”.
On June 28th, 2015, the Istanbul Pride March was violently dispersed by police despite a history of it occurring peacefully with police protection and a trans pride march taking place only days ago without incident. Istanbul Pride has remained banned since then.
Turkey’s Ministry of Industry and Commerce requires online shops to mark LGBT-themed products with a minimum age of 18+. Companies who do not comply have their advertising suspended.
Board members of the ministry agreed that not listing such products with a warning risks children’s ”mental, psychological and social development”.
Right to change legal gender in Turkey is legal, but requires surgery.
Current status
Since May 4, 1988
Legal, but requires surgery
Officially legalised in 1988. In Turkey, surgery is required to receive legal gender recognition; the minimum age required to get sex reassignment surgery is 18. For one to legally change their gender, the surgery must be conducted at a state hospital.
In 2017, in response to an ECHR ruling, the Constitutional Court annulled the provision of the Turkish Civil Code that regulates the condition of "being unable to reproduce" in order to allow gender reassignment. The request for annulment of the condition of having a gender reassignment surgery in order to change the identity card was rejected.
In 2017, in response to an ECHR ruling, the Constitutional Court annulled the provision of the Turkish Civil Code that regulates the condition of "being unable to reproduce" in order to allow gender reassignment. The request for annulment of the condition of having a gender reassignment surgery in order to change the identity card was rejected.
Gender-affirming care in Turkey is legal, but restricted for minors.
Current status
Since Oct 2018
Legal, but restricted for minors
In 2018, the European Court of Human Rights ruled that requiring those who receive gender-affirming surgeries to provide proof of sterilisation was illegal as it violated the right to a private life. Turkey still requires applicants to be over 18, however.
There are documented cases of puberty blockers being prescribed to minors, and no regulations prohibiting the provision of HRT to them. Availability of all gender-affirming care is quite scarce, but has been covered under Turkey's social security since 2014.
There are documented cases of puberty blockers being prescribed to minors, and no regulations prohibiting the provision of HRT to them. Availability of all gender-affirming care is quite scarce, but has been covered under Turkey's social security since 2014.
Restricted
Turkey required proof of sterilisation before gender affirming surgeries could be performed, additionally, applicants were required by law to be 18 or older.
From 2014 onwards, gender-affirming care was covered under the national social security program.
From 2014 onwards, gender-affirming care was covered under the national social security program.
Legal recognition of non-binary gender in Turkey is not legally recognized.
Current status
Not legally recognized
Not currently recognized in Turkey.
LGBT discrimination in Turkey is no protections.
Current status
Since Nov 2, 2016
No protections
Banned as Hate Speech law but mostly not enforced. In 15 November 2022 Bullying children in schools is prohibited. Although the law does not specify any specifics, it is likely to include sexual orientation and identity, but discrimination of such matter still exists.
Illegal in some contexts
Hate speech based on sexual orientation was included in the decisions of the Constitutional Court for the first time. The Constitutional Court stated that calling homosexuals "deviants" or "perverts" constitutes hate speech.
Until Jul 16, 2014
No protections
In Turkey, there are currently no laws in place to prevent discrimination against LGBT individuals in the areas of work, education, housing, health care, and public accommodations.
LGBT employment discrimination in Turkey is no protections.
Current status
Since Sep 24, 2018
No protections
As a matter of fact , in the decision of the 22nd Civil Chamber of the Court of Cassation dated 24.09.2018 and numbered 2015/35120 Main, 2018/19675 , it is emphasized that discrimination due to the sexual orientation of the worker is within the scope of the prohibition (although the concept of "sexual preference" is used with an incorrect terminology) : The prohibition of discrimination can be added to this, due to the employee's sexual preference that does not cause any adverse effects in the workplace. Again, discrimination based on factors such as political reasons and worldview should be protected.” However, despite this, discrimination still exists.
Until Sep 24, 2018
No protections
In Turkey, there are currently no laws in place to prevent discrimination against LGBT individuals in the areas of work, education, housing, health care, and public accommodations.
LGBT housing discrimination in Turkey is no protections.
Current status
No protections
In Turkey, there are currently no laws in place to prevent discrimination against LGBT individuals in the areas of work, education, housing, health care, and public accommodations.
Same-sex adoption in Turkey is single only.
Current status
Single only
In Turkey, same-sex couples may not adopt, however, there are no prohibitions on LGBT individuals adopting on their own (assuming they are 30 or older)
Intersex infant surgery in Turkey is not banned.
Current status
Not banned
There is no official ban on unnecessary surgeries on intersex infants in Turkey.
Serving openly in military in Turkey is illegal.
Current status
Illegal
Military personnel found to be homosexual are dismissed under laws that classify homosexuality as a "psychosexual disorder/illness".
Until 2015, in order to be exempt, gay men had to prove that they were homosexual by providing photographic evidence of them being on the receiving end of anal intercourse.
Until 2015, in order to be exempt, gay men had to prove that they were homosexual by providing photographic evidence of them being on the receiving end of anal intercourse.
Blood donations by MSMs in Turkey is banned (indefinite deferral).
Current status
Banned (indefinite deferral)
Homosexual men in Turkey cannot donate blood. The Turkish Red Crescent considers homosexuality to be a risk factor for HIV/AIDS.
Conversion therapy in Turkey is not banned.
Current status
Not banned
There are no laws or regulations banning conversion therapies in Turkey.
LGBT Rights by Province
View the LGBT laws in each individual province of Turkey.
- Adana
- Adiyaman
- Afyonkarahisar
- Agri
- Aksaray
- Amasya
- Ankara
- Antalya
- Ardahan
- Artvin
- Aydin
- Balikesir
- Bartin
- Batman
- Bayburt
- Bilecik
- Bingöl
- Bitlis
- Bolu
- Burdur
- Bursa
- Denizli
- Diyarbakir
- Düzce
- Edirne
- Elazig
- Erzincan
- Erzurum
- Eskisehir
- Gaziantep
- Giresun
- Gümüshane
- Hakkâri
- Hatay
- Igdir
- Isparta
- Istanbul
- Izmir
- Kahramanmaras
- Karabük
- Karaman
- Kars
- Kastamonu
- Kayseri
- Kilis
- Kirikkale
- Kirklareli
- Kirsehir
- Kocaeli
- Konya
- Kütahya
- Malatya
- Manisa
- Mardin
- Mersin
- Mugla
- Mus
- Nevsehir
- Nigde
- Ordu
- Osmaniye
- Rize
- Sakarya
- Samsun
- Sanliurfa
- Siirt
- Sinop
- Sirnak
- Sivas
- Tekirdag
- Tokat
- Trabzon
- Tunceli
- Usak
- Van
- Yalova
- Yozgat
- Zonguldak
- Çanakkale
- Çankiri
- Çorum
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#16
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Alternative names: Türkiye (local name)
