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Computer Architecture

John Von Neuman developed the concept of the stored program computer in 1945. A computer architecture defines how the main components of a computer are connected. The components are the control unit, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), main memory, input/output unit, and buses. There are three types of buses - the address bus carries addresses between components, the data bus transfers data bidirectionally, and the control bus coordinates activities within the computer architecture unidirectionally and bidirectionally.

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145 views

Computer Architecture

John Von Neuman developed the concept of the stored program computer in 1945. A computer architecture defines how the main components of a computer are connected. The components are the control unit, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), main memory, input/output unit, and buses. There are three types of buses - the address bus carries addresses between components, the data bus transfers data bidirectionally, and the control bus coordinates activities within the computer architecture unidirectionally and bidirectionally.

Uploaded by

awais nadeem
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Computer Architecture

In 1945 John Von Neuman developed the idea of stored program computer. A
computer is a combination of different components. The way in which different
components are connected with one another is called COMPUTER
ARCHITECTURE.

Components of computer architecture:


1) Control Unit
2) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
3) Main memory
4) Input/ Output unit
5) Bus interconnection
There are three types of buses which are showing the computer architecture designed by
VON NEUMAN. The function of buses is to move data around the computer.

ADRESS BUS, DATA BUS , CONTROL BUS

MEMORY
Processor UNIT

Input I/O DVC


Otput I/O DVC

TYPES OF BUSES FUNCTION DIRECTION


Carry Signal relating to addresses between Unidirectional
1) Adress bus processor and memory. (Signal travel in one direction only).
Sends data between the processor the memory Bidirectional
2) Data bus unit and the input / output devices. (data can travel in both direction).
Carries signals relating to the control and Unidirectional and Bidirectional due to
3) Control bus coordination of all activities with in the interanal connections with in the computer
computer. architecture.
FUNCTIONS of components of computer:
1) Control Unit:
 Control Unit is the main supervisor of the computer .
 It monitors all activities of CPU.
 Interprets with computer to check what operation is performed first.
 Fetches instruction from main memory.
 Control the execution of all instructions.

2) Arithmetic Logic Unit:


The Processor contain the arithmetic and logic unit :
 Arithmetic Unit of ALU perform basic mathemetical operation like + , - , x
 Logic Unit of ALU performs logic operations such as AND , OR , NOT etc.
3) Main memory:
 Main memory is the working area of computer.
 It keeps data and instructions during processing.
 It is refered as a volatile memory.

4) Input/ output unit :


Input output Unit Control processor’s communication with peripheral Devices.

5) Bus Interconnection:
Bus is a Set of Parallel data Lines for transmitting data. The use of Buses to
connect component of computers is called Bus Interconnection.
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