Micro-Project Proposal Micro Project for information

about

“Create a report on types of operating systems”

Aims of the Micro-Project
• To provide searching facilities on the basis of various types & features of operating systems.

• To manage the user details for use.

• To keep track and manage all information.

.
Course Outcomes Addressed

a) Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.

b) Apply principles of safety management in all activities.
c) Understand various provisions of industrial acts.

3.0 Proposed Methodology

An Operating System (OS) is an interface between a computer user and computer hardware. An
operating system is a software which performs all the basic tasks like file management, memory management,
process management, handling input and output, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and
printers.

4.0 Action Plan

Sr.No Details of activity Planned Start Planned Name of Responsible

. Date Finish date Team Members

Decide individual micro project Gaurav Shingote

1

2 Search micro project topics related To Gaurav Shingote

subject.

3 Selection of micro project title Gaurav Shingote

4 Search information related Gaurav Shingote

to selected topic

5 Collect information related to selected topic Gaurav Shingote

Completion of micro project topic Gaurav Shingote
6 Proposal

7 Gaurav Shingote
Analyze collected data For micro-Project
report.

Gaurav Shingote
8 Finalize collected data For
microProject report.
Gaurav Shingote
9 Finalize Design & flow of
Implementation
10 Gaurav Shingote
Flow of Implementation

11 Gaurav Shingote
Implementation of report.

Gaurav Shingote
Report preparation
12
Gaurav Shingote
Finalization of report
13
Gaurav Shingote
Submission of report
14

Names of Team Members Roll No.

Gaurav Ashok Shingote 56

A
PROJECT REPORT

ON
“Create a report on types of operating systems”
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD
OF

DIPLOMA IN

COMPUTER ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED TO
MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, MUMBAI

SUBMITTED BY

Name of Student Enrollment Number

❖ Gaurav Shingote 2009920155

GUIDED BY
(Prof.Falake G.N)

SAMARTH POLYTECHNIC, BELHE

SAMARTH POLYTECHNIC, BELHE

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report entitled “Create a report on types of operating
systems” Was successfully completed by Student of Sixth semester Diploma in computer
engineering.

Gaurav Shingote

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Diploma in Computer
engineering and submitted to the Department of Computer of Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe
work carried out during a period for the academic year 2022-23 as per curriculum .

Prof.Falake G.N Prof. Navale S.K Prof. Kapile A.S.

(Subject Teacher) (H.O.D) (Principal)

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

This project is done as a Sixth semester project, as a part course titled “Create a report on
types of operating systems”

I am really thankful to our course the Principal Prof. Kapile A. S. and the HOD Prof.Navale
S.K Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe for his invaluable guidance and assistance, without which
the accomplishment of the task would have never been possible.
I also thank Prof.Falake G.N for giving this opportunity to explore into the real world and
realize the interrelation without which a Project can never progress. In our present project I have
chosen the topic-
“Create a report on types of operating systems”.

I also thankful to parents, friend and all staff of Computer engineering department, for providing
us relevant information and necessary clarifications, and great support.

Gaurav Shingote
INDEX

Sr.No Name of Chapter

1 Synopsis

2 Introduction

3 Abstract

4 Batch Processing System

5 Multiprogramming System

6 Multitaskin System

7 Multiprocessing System

8 Conclusion

9 Reference

Resource Required

Sr.No Name of Specification Qty Remarks

Resource/
Material
1 Computer System Processor3.00 GHZ,RAM 4 1 Used
GB,HDD 1 TB

2 Operating System Windows 11 1 Used

3 Text Editor Microsoft Word 1 Used

4 Browser MozillaFirefox,Google 1 Used

Chrome
5 Printer HP Laser Jet 1 Used
Create a report on types of Operating System

CHAPTER 1
SYNOPSIS

1.1 Project Title

Create a report on types of

operating systems

1.2. Project Option

None

1.3. Internal Guide

Prof.Falake G.N

1.4. Problem Statement

Medical Store Management System

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

CHAPTER 12

Introduction

An Operating System (OS) is an interface between a computer user and

computer hardware. An operating system is a software which performs all the basic
tasks like file management, memory management, process management, handling
input and output, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.
Some popular Operating Systems include Linux Operating System, Windows
Operating System, VMS, OS/400, AIX, z/OS, etc.
Definition
An operating system is a program that acts as an interface between the user and the
computer hardware and controls the execution of all kinds of programs.

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

CHAPTER 3

Abstract
An operating system is a type of system software that manages and
controls the resources and computing capability of a computer or a computer
network, and provides users a logical interface for accessing the physical computer
to execute applications. This chapter describes typical architectures and generic
functions of operating systems. Section 1 introduces the basic concept and brief
history of operating system technologies. Section 2 describes the conceptual and
typical commercial architectures of operating systems. Section 3 presents the
common functions of operating systems, such as process and thread management,
memory management, file system management, I/O system management, and
network/communication management. Real-time operating systems are described
in Section 4 with illustrations of the RTOS+ operating system

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

CHAPTER 4

Batch Processing System

➢ The OS in the early computers was fairly simple.
➢ Its major task was to transfer control automatically from one job to the
next.
➢ The OS was always resident in memory.
➢ To speed up processing, operators batched together jobs with similar
requirement/needs and ran them through the computer as a group. Thus,
the programmers would leave their programs with the operator.
➢ The operator would sort programs into batches with similar requirements
and, as the computer became available, would run each batch.
➢ The output from each job would be sent back to the appropriate
programmer.
Memory layout of Batch System
Operating
System

User
Program
Area

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

Batch Processing Operating System

JOB
JOB
JOBS
JOB
JOB

Advantages:
➢ Batch processing system is particularly useful for operations that
require the computer or a peripheral device for an extended period
of time with very little user interaction.
➢ Increased performance as it was possible for job to start as soon as
previous job is finished without any manual intervention.
➢ Priorities can be set for different batches.
Disadvantages:
➢ No interaction is possible with the user while the program is being
executed.
➢ In this execution environment , the CPU is often idle, because the
speeds of the mechanical I/O devices are intrinsically slower than
are those of electronic devices

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

CHAPTER 5

Multiprogramming System
➢ The most important aspect of job scheduling is the ability to
multi-program.
➢ Multiprogramming increases CPU utilization by organizing jobs
so that CPU always has one to execute.
➢ The idea is as follows: The operating system keeps several jobs
in memory simultaneously. This set of jobs is a subset of the
jobs kept in the job-pool. Since the number of jobs that can be in
the job pool.
➢ The operating system picks and begins to execute one of the jobs
in the memory.
➢ Eventually, the job may have to wait for some task, such as an
I/O operation, to complete.
➢ In a multiprogramming system, the OS simply switches to, and
executes another job. When that job needs to wait, the CPU is
switched to another job and so on. Eventually the first job
finishes waiting and gets the CPU back.
➢ As long as at-least one job needs to execute, the CPU is never
idle.

➢ Multiprogramming is the first instance where the OS must make

decisions for the users ( Making this decision is Job Scheduling ).
➢ All the jobs that enter the system are kept in the job pool. This pool
consists of all processes residing on disk awaiting allocation of
main memory.
➢ If several jobs are ready to run at the same time, the system must
choose among them. Making this decision is job scheduling.

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

➢ Finally multiple jobs running concurrently require that their

ability to affect one another be limited in all phases of the
operating system, including process scheduling, disk storage and
memory management .

Memory layout for multiprogramming system

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

Memory layout for multiprogramming system

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

Three different states of jobs

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

CHAPTER 6

Multitasking System
➢ Technically, multitasking is same as multiprogramming.
➢ In a multitasking OS, a single user can execute multiple
programs at the same time.
➢ Multitasking is the system’s capability to work one or more than
one job or process at the same time. It means that whenever a
job needs to perform I/O operations, the CPU can be used for
executing some other job or process that is also residing in the
system and is ready to use the CPU.

NOTE:
➢ The term multiprogramming is used for multi-user systems
i.e., systems that are simultaneously used by many users such as
mainframe and server class system.
➢ The term multitasking is used for single user system i.e.,
systems that are used by only one user at a time such as personal
computer or a notebook.
➢ Thus multitasking is the method of processing the multiple tasks
concurrently in a single user system.
➢ For Example: A user is running separate program in 4 different
windows at the same time. The program in window 1 could be
printing a document, he program in window 2 could be displaying
an e-mail of user, a spreadsheet program in window 3 could be
preparing sales report and compilation of a program is in progress
in window 4. in this manner, a user may work on many tasks at the
same time. Thus, progress of different tasks can be viewed on
different windows in a multitasking system.

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

There are two types of multitasking:

➢ Cooperative Multitasking
➢ Pre-emptive Multitasking

Types of Multitasking System

➢ Cooperative Multitasking. In Cooperative Multitasking, a program can
acquire the CPU for the required amount of time. A program can share CPU
with any other program that is executing simultaneously.
➢ Pre-emptive Multitasking. In Pre-emptive Multitasking the OS allocates
particular time to a program. The CPU is preempted if a higher priority job
arrives in a system.
Comparison between Multiprogramming and Multitasking

Sr. Multiprogramming Multitasking

No.

1. It is used for multi- It is used for single user systems i.e., the systems that are used
user systems i.e., only by one user a same time.
the systems
that are used by
many users at the
same time.

2. It refers to It refers to concurrent execution of multiple jobs of same user.

concurrent
execution of
multiple jobs
that may be of
same user or
different users.

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

CHAPTER 7

Multiprocessing/ Parallel/ Tightly Coupled System

➢ Most systems to date are single-processor systems; that is they have only
one main CPU. However, multiprocessor systems ( also known as parallel
systems or tightly coupled systems ) are growing in importance.
➢ Such systems have more than one processor in close communication,
sharing the computer bus, the clock, and sometimes memory and
peripheral devices.
➢ Multiprocessor systems have three main advantages:
➢ Increased throughput : By increasing the number of processors, we hope
more work done in less time. The speed-up of N processors is not N; rather
it is less than N. When multiprocessors cooperate on a task, a certain
amount of overhead is incurred in keeping all the parts working correctly.
This overhead, plus contention for shared resources, lowers the expected
gain from additional processors.
➢ Economy of Scale: Multiprocessor systems can save more money than
multiple single processor systems, because they can share peripherals, mass
storage, and power supplies . If several programs operate on same set of
data, it is cheaper to store those data on one disk and to have all the
processors share them, than to have many computers with local disks &
many copies of the data.

➢ Increased reliability. If functions can be distributed properly among several

processors, then the failure of one processor will not halt the system, only
slow down it. If we have ten processors and one fails, then each of the
remaining nine processors must pick up a share of the work of the failed
processor. Thus, the entire system runs only 10 percent slower, rather failing
altogether. This ability to continue providing service proportional to the level
of surviving hardware is called graceful degradation. Systems designed for
graceful degradation are also called fault tolerant.

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

Types of multiprocessor systems

➢Symmetric Multiprocessing
➢Asymmetric Multiprocessing
Differences between Symmetric and Asymmetric Multiprocessing

Sr. Symmetric Multiprocessing 2. Asymmetric Multiprocessing

No.2

1 In SMP, each processor runs an In ASMP, each processor is assigned a

identical copy of the OS, and these specific task.
copies communicate with one
another as needed.

2 SMP means that all processors are A master processor controls the system;
peers; no master-slave the other processors either look to the
relationship exists between master for instruction or have predefined
processors. tasks. This scheme defines master-slave
relationship.

3 Each processor concurrently runs a The master processor schedules and

copy of the operating system. allocates work to the slave processors.

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

CHAPTER 8

Conclusion

➢ Without operating system the computer cannot run the application and
we cannot do work in the computer, therefore operating system is very
important in computer.
➢ As operating system controls and coordinates the use of the hardware
among the various uses, we can say that it plays a very important role in
the computer system.
➢ An operating system is needed in order to use various application on your
computer and wireless devices

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

CHAPTER 9

Reference
▪ Book: -
a) NIRALI PUBLICATION.

b) TECHKNOWLEDGE.

▪ Website: -
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1571066106000442.

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T3q6QcCQZQg.

• https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=%23softwaretesting.

• https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=%23softwaretesting.

• https://www.youtube.com/?gl=IN&tab=r1

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe

Create a report on types of Operating System

ANNEXURE II

Evaluation Sheet for Micro Project

Academic Year :- 2022-23 Name of Faculty :- Falake G.N

Course :- Operating System Course Code :- 22519 Semester :- V

Title of Project :- Create a report on types of operating systems

Cos addressed by the Micro Project :-

1. Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.

2. Apply principles of safety management in all activities.
3. Understand various provisions of industrial acts.

Major Learning Outcomes achieved by students by doing the project :-

a) Practical Outcomes…………………………………………………………………

b) Unit Outcomes in Cognitive domain ………………………………………………

c) Outcomes in Affective Domain

…………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
Comments /suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal communication (if any)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

Marks out of 6 Marks out of 4

Roll for for
No. Student Name performance in performance in Total Out
group activity oral / of 10
(D5 Col.8) presentation
(D5 Col.9)
56 Gaurav Shingote

Prof.Falake G.N
(Name & Signature of Faculty)

Samarth Polytechnic, Belhe