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Unit 3 Centroid

Centroid is the geometric center of a plane or three-dimensional figure. To locate the centroid of a composite area: 1. Split the figure into basic shapes like triangles, rectangles, circles. 2. Calculate the area of each shape. 3. Find the centroid of each basic shape and its coordinates. 4. Use the calculated areas and centroid coordinates in equations to determine the centroid of the overall composite figure. The centroid may or may not lie within the figure.

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79 views

Unit 3 Centroid

Centroid is the geometric center of a plane or three-dimensional figure. To locate the centroid of a composite area: 1. Split the figure into basic shapes like triangles, rectangles, circles. 2. Calculate the area of each shape. 3. Find the centroid of each basic shape and its coordinates. 4. Use the calculated areas and centroid coordinates in equations to determine the centroid of the overall composite figure. The centroid may or may not lie within the figure.

Uploaded by

Crazy Soldier
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CENTROID

• Centroid is a point where the whole area of a


plane lamina(figure) is assumed to be act .
• It is a point where entire length, area and
volume is supposed to be concentrated.
• Centroid is a geometrical center of a figure.
Consider a three dimensional
body of any size and shape, having a mass m.

If we suspend the body as shown in


figure, from any point such as A, the
body will be in equilibrium under the
action of the tension in the cord and
the resultant W of the gravitational
forces acting on all particles of the
body.
We repeat the experiment by
suspending the body from
other points such as B and C,
and in each instant we mark
the line of action of the
resultant force.

For all practical purposes these lines of action will be


concurrent at a single point G, which is called the
centre of gravity of the body.
B

C
A A
G AB G B
A
A
C
A
B w
w
w
Look at the wall clock in your room, are you sure it shows correct time?
If your answer is yes, that means the manufacturer of clock has used concept
of incenter to make sure center of clock coincides exactly with the incenter of
the triangle inside which the clock is inscribed.
Procedure to Locate Centroid of Composite Area
▪STEP 1: Place the given figure into the first quadrant
touching the outer edge of figure to the axis, if the axis
are not given.
▪STEP 2: The composite figure is split up into number of
basic figures like triangle, rectangle, circle, semicircle
etc.
▪STEP 3: Calculate area of basic figures as A1, A2,
A3…….AN etc.
▪STEP 4: Area can be negative if a certain portion is
cut from the sketch.
▪STEP 5: Mark the Centroid G1, G2, G3…..GN etc on the
composite figure and find their coordinates w. r.t. the
given axis, i.e. x1, x2, x3 …… etc and y1, y2, y3…..etc.
Procedure to Locate Centroid of Composite Area
• x and y can be negative if it lies to the left of
origin or below origin respectively.
• Calculate coordinates of Centroid X and Y of
composite figure using following equations.
Procedure to Locate Centroid of Composite Area

• For a symmetric figure, centroid lies on the axis


of symmetry.
• If the figure is symmetric about x-axis then y
coordinate of Centroid i.e. Y=0
• If the figure is symmetric about y-axis then x
coordinate of Centroid i.e. X=0.
• Centroid may or may not lie on the given
figure.
Y axis
6 cm 3 cm

6 cm

X axis
6 cm

X= 4.625cm
Y=1cm
Y axis

20

30

10

X axis
40 20 25 25 15

X= 28.56cm
Y=23.13cm
4cm

8cm

8cm

4cm

4cm 8cm 4cm 8cm

X= 10cm
Y=12.66cm

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