TD17 V9.

0 WSC2022SE
© WorldSkills International

Technical Description
WEB
TECHNOLOGIES
WorldSkills International, by a resolution of the Competitions Committee and in accordance with the
Constitution, the Standing Orders, and the Competition Rules, has adopted the following minimum
requirements for this skill for the WorldSkills Competition.
The Technical Description consists of the following:

1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 2
2 The WorldSkills Occupational Standards (WSOS) .......................................................................... 4
3 The Assessment Strategy and Specification ................................................................................... 9
4 The Marking Scheme ...................................................................................................................... 10
5 The Test Project............................................................................................................................... 14
6 Skill management and communication ........................................................................................ 17
7 Skill-specific safety requirements.................................................................................................. 20
8 Materials and equipment ............................................................................................................... 21
9 Skill-specific rules............................................................................................................................ 23
10 Visitor and media engagement ..................................................................................................... 25
11 Sustainability .................................................................................................................................. 26
12 References for industry consultation ............................................................................................ 27

Effective 01.08.22

Stefan Praschl Michael Fung

Board member – Competitions Board member – Competitions
1

© WorldSkills International (WSI) reserves all rights in documents developed for or on behalf of WSI, including translation and electronic
distribution. This material may be reproduced for non-commercial vocational and educational purposes provided that the WorldSkills logo
and copyright notice are left in place.

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1 Introduction

1.1 Name and description of the skill competition

1.1.1 The name of the skill competition is
Web Technologies
1.1.2 Description of the associated work role(s) or occupation(s).
Web technology encompasses many different skills and disciplines in the design, development,
production, and maintenance of websites. The skills required of a web developer are diverse, often to
the point where it is difficult for a developer to excel in all aspects. As a result, a team may cover the
Web design process, with each member of the team having their own strengths, specialities, and role
in the development process.
Web technologies involve implementing specific solutions by using web technologies that follow the
business rules and objectives outlined by the client. Web developers develop a professional relationship
with their clients, interacting with them in order to develop a deep understanding of the requirements,
and convert these into a website specification. Strong design and communication skills, coupled with
research techniques and a grasp of target audiences, markets and trends, will ensure initial client
satisfaction.
Having completed the website content strategies, system architecture planning, user interface design,
and user experience design, the Web developer then integrates the website with third party tools and
platforms. During the development process Web developer implement the design, using their
programming skills in order to create dynamic functionalities, test, and debug the website by using a
variety of devices. The current trend is also to integrate the website with social media to take
advantage of the available online marketing platforms.
All these skills may apply equally to the re-design or an upgrade of an existing website.
A Web developer has many employment opportunities. This can range from being a self-employed
freelancer, or an entrepreneur, to being employed by advertising agencies and web development
companies as well as many different other types of organizations. Web developer positions may be
broad in scope or specialize in an area such as graphic design for the Web, user interface design,
digital user experience design, front end development, back end development, content management
systems development as well as client and project management. Whichever role a Web developer
chooses to specialize in, they may need access to ICT facilities, open source libraries, and frameworks.
High performing Web developers may have broad or specialist web-related skills. They must
understand artistic values, have solid user interface design skills, and programming skills, and take
personal responsibility for being constantly at the forefront of trends and web technology. They must
also be responsive to clients and have the ability to work in structured and unstructured teams and
groups. These qualities enable the Web developer to contribute and take advantage of this rapidly
developing aspect of modern communications technology.

1.1.3 Number of Competitors per team

Web Technologies is a single Competitor skill competition.
1.1.4 Age limit of Competitors
The Competitors must not be older than 22 years in the year of the Competition.

UPDATE FOR WSC2022SE ONLY

Competitors must not be older than 23 years in the calendar year of the Competition.

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1.2 The relevance and significance of this document
This document contains information about the standards required to compete in this skill competition,
and the assessment principles, methods and procedures that govern the competition.
Every Expert and Competitor must know and understand this Technical Description.
In the event of any conflict within the different languages of the Technical Descriptions, the English
version takes precedence.

1.3 Associated documents

Since this Technical Description contains only skill-specific information it must be used in association
with the following:
• WSI – Code of Ethics and Conduct
• WSI – Competition Rules
• WSI – WorldSkills Occupational Standards framework
• WSI – WorldSkills Assessment Strategy
• WSI online resources as indicated in this document
• WorldSkills Health, Safety, and Environment Policy and Regulations.

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2 The WorldSkills Occupational Standards
(WSOS)

2.1 General notes on the WSOS

The WSOS specifies the knowledge, understanding, and specific skills that underpin international best
practice in technical and vocational performance. It should reflect a shared global understanding of
what the associated work role(s) or occupation(s) represent for industry and business
(www.worldskills.org/WSOS).
The skill competition is intended to reflect international best practice as described by the WSOS, and to
the extent that it is able to. The Standard is therefore a guide to the required training and preparation
for the skill competition.
In the skill competition the assessment of knowledge and understanding will take place through the
assessment of performance. There will only be separate tests of knowledge and understanding where
there is an overwhelming reason for these.
The Standard is divided into distinct sections with headings and reference numbers added.
Each section is assigned a percentage of the total marks to indicate its relative importance within the
Standards. This is often referred to as the “weighting”. The sum of all the percentage marks is 100.
The weightings determine the distribution of marks within the Marking Scheme.
Through the Test Project, the Marking Scheme will assess only those skills that are set out in the
Standards Specification. They will reflect the Standards as comprehensively as possible within the
constraints of the skill competition.
The Marking Scheme will follow the allocation of marks within the Standards to the extent practically
possible. A variation of up to five percent is allowed, provided that this does not distort the weightings
assigned by the Standards.

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2.2 WorldSkills Occupational Standards
Section Relative
importance
(%)

1 Work organization and management 6

The individual needs to know and understand:

• Principles and practices that enable productive teamwork
• The principles and behaviour of computer systems
• The aspects of systems that contribute to sustainable products, strategies,
and practices
• How to take initiatives and be enterprising in order to identify, analyse and
evaluate information from a variety of sources
• How to identify multiple solutions to a problem and offer them as options
against time, and other constraints.
• How to use existing available tools to create proper solutions to a problem
and requirement
• How to optimize code deployment.

The individual shall be able to:

• Troubleshoot common web design and development problems
• Take into account time limitations and deadlines
• Debug and handle errors
• Use a computer or a device and a range of software packages
• Apply research techniques and skills to keep up-to-date with the latest
industry guidelines
• Apply deployment optimization, such as page loading, with latest industry
guidelines.
• Plan each day’s production schedule according to available time
• Include linked images, fonts, native files, and production file format when
archiving
• Use version control systems

2 Communication and interpersonal skills 6

The individual needs to know and understand:

• How to solve communication problems including identifying the problem,
research, analysis, solution generating, prototyping, user and functional
testing and outcome evaluation
• How to express design concepts by creating wire frames, and flowcharts
• Software design concepts and techniques including flowchart and ER
diagrams

The individual shall be able to:

• Read and understand specifications documents
• Read and use provided source code of front end and back end
technologies

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Section Relative
importance
(%)

• understand and run unit and end-to-end-tests on front end and back end
technologies
• Deliver products that respond to client requirements and specification
• Gather, analyze, and evaluate information
• Interpret standards and requirements
• Match client requirements
• Present concepts to meet business requirements

3 Website Design 22

The individual needs to know and understand:

• How to follow design principles and patterns in order to produce
aesthetically pleasing, creative, and accessible interfaces.
• Issues relating to the cognitive, social, cultural, accessible, technological,
and economic contexts for design
• Various graphic formats and when to use the appropriate format in their
design.
• Different target markets and the elements of design which satisfy each
market
• Protocols for maintaining a corporate identity, brand, and style guide
• The limitations of Internet enabled devices and screen resolutions

The individual shall be able to:

• Create, analyse, and develop visual response to communication problems,
including understanding hierarchy, typography, aesthetics, and
composition
• Create, manipulate, and optimize images for the internet
• Identify target markets and create concept for designs
• Create responsive designs that function correctly on multiple screen
resolutions and/or devices
• Transform ideas into aesthetically pleasing and creative designs
• Critique draft concepts, colour, and typography choices
• Create wireframes, interactive prototypes, and design of full user
interfaces, considering user experience.

4 Layout 22

The individual needs to know and understand:

• World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) standards for HTML and CSS
• Positioning and layout methods
• Usability and interaction design
• Accessibility and communication for users with special needs
• Cross browser compatibility
• Multi device compatibility
• Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and performance optimization
• How to embed and integrate animations, audio and video where needed

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Section Relative
importance
(%)

• World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) standards for WCAG

The individual shall be able to:

• Create codes that conform to and validate the W3C standards including
the accessibility guidelines
• Create accessible and usable web interfaces for a variety of devices and
screen resolutions
• Use CSS or other external files to modify the appearance of web interfaces
• Use CSS pre/post-processors
• Create and update web interfaces for proper user experience and to assist
with search engine performance
• Use CSS to develop animations and interactions to user interfaces

5 Front-End Development 22

The individual needs to know and understand:

• ECMAScript (JavaScript)
• How to integrate libraries, frameworks and other systems or features with
JavaScript
• How to use JavaScript pre/post processors and task running workflow
• Test-driven for front-end development

The individual shall be able to:

• Create website animations and functionalities to assist in context
explanations and add visual appeal
• Create and update JavaScript code to enhance websites’ functionality,
usability, and aesthetics
• Manipulate data and custom media with JavaScript
• Create modular and reusable JavaScript code
• Write documentation comments in code
• Use open source JavaScript libraries
• Manipulate graphical elements and content elements using JavaScript
• Write test cases and execute automated testing for JavaScript
implementation.

6 Back-End Development 14

The individual needs to know and understand:

• Object-oriented PHP
• Open Source server-side Libraries and Frameworks
• How to connect to servers through SSH to operate server-side libraries and
frameworks.
• File system permissions and ownership
• How to design and implement databases

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Section Relative
importance
(%)

• sFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) server and client relationships and
software packages.
• How to manage data exchange between server and client systems
• Software design patterns (E.g. MVC (Model View Controller))
• Web application security
• Test-driven for back-end development

The individual shall be able to:

• Manipulate data making use of programming skills
• Protect against security exploits
• Integrate with existing code with API (Application Programming Interfaces),
libraries and frameworks
• Create or maintain databases to support system requirements
• Create codes that are modular and reusable
• Write documentation comments in code
• Write test cases and execute automated testing for back-end
implementation.

7 Content Management Systems 8

The individual needs to know and understand:

• The benefits and limitations of open source Content Management Systems
• How to find, choose and implement suitable themes
• How to find, choose and implement suitable plugins/modules
• How to implement client-side functionalities to CMS web sites
• the need for maintenance and updates to CMS plugins and modules for
security

The individual shall be able to:

• Install, configure, and update Content Management Systems
• Install, configure, and update CMS plugins/modules
• Configure, implement security and protection on the CMS
• Use and modify open source theme starters to create themes for CMS
• Create custom themes/templates for Content Management Systems
• Create custom plugins/modules/ widgets

Total 100

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3 The Assessment Strategy and Specification

3.1 General guidance

Assessment is governed by the WorldSkills Assessment Strategy. The Strategy establishes the principles
and techniques to which WorldSkills assessment and marking must conform.
Expert assessment practice lies at the heart of the WorldSkills Competition. For this reason, it is the
subject of continuing professional development and scrutiny. The growth of expertise in assessment
will inform the future use and direction of the main assessment instruments used by the WorldSkills
Competition: the Marking Scheme, Test Project, and Competition Information System (CIS).
Assessment at the WorldSkills Competition falls into two broad types: measurement and judgement.
For both types of assessment, the use of explicit benchmarks against which to assess each Aspect is
essential to guarantee quality.
The Marking Scheme must follow the weightings within the Standards. The Test Project is the
assessment vehicle for the skill competition, and therefore also follows the Standards. The CIS enables
the timely and accurate recording of marks; its capacity for scrutiny, support, and feedback is
continuously expanding.
The Marking Scheme, in outline, will lead the process of Test Project design. After this, the Marking
Scheme and Test Project will be designed, developed, and verified through an iterative process, to
ensure that both together optimize their relationship with the Standards and the Assessment Strategy.
They will be agreed by the Experts and submitted to WSI for approval together, in order to
demonstrate their quality and conformity with the Standards.
Prior to submission for approval to WSI, the Marking Scheme and Test Project will liaise with the WSI
Skill Advisors for quality assurance and to benefit from the capabilities of the CIS.

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4 The Marking Scheme

4.1 General guidance

This section describes the role and place of the Marking Scheme, how the Experts will assess
Competitors’ work as demonstrated through the Test Project, and the procedures and requirements
for marking.
The Marking Scheme is the pivotal instrument of the WorldSkills Competition, in that it ties assessment
to the standard that represents each skill competition, which itself represents a global occupation. It is
designed to allocate marks for each assessed aspect of performance in accordance with the weightings
in the Standards.
By reflecting the weightings in the Standards, the Marking Scheme establishes the parameters for the
design of the Test Project. Depending on the nature of the skill competition and its assessment needs,
it may initially be appropriate to develop the Marking Scheme in more detail as a guide for Test Project
design. Alternatively, initial Test Project design can be based on the outline Marking Scheme. From this
point onwards the Marking Scheme and Test Project should be developed together.
Section 2.1 above indicates the extent to which the Marking Scheme and Test Project may diverge
from the weightings given in the Standards, if there is no practicable alternative.
For integrity and fairness, the Marking Scheme and Test Project are increasingly designed and
developed by one or more independent people with relevant expertise. In these instances, the Marking
Scheme and Test Project are unseen by Experts until immediately before the start of the skill
competition, or competition module. Where the detailed and final Marking Scheme and Test Project
are designed by Experts, they must be approved by the whole Expert group prior to submission for
independent validation and quality assurance. Please see the Rules for further details.
Experts and Independent Assessors are required to submit their Marking Schemes and Test Projects for
review, verification, and validation well in advance of completion. They are also expected to work with
their Skill Advisor, reviewers, and verifiers, throughout the design and development process, for quality
assurance and in order to take full advantage of the CIS’s features.
In all cases a draft Marking Scheme must be entered into the CIS at least eight weeks prior to the
Competition. Skill Advisors actively facilitate this process.

4.2 Assessment Criteria

The main headings of the Marking Scheme are the Assessment Criteria. These headings are derived
before, or in conjunction with, the Test Project. In some skill competitions the Assessment Criteria may
be similar to the section headings in the Standards; in others they may be different. There will normally
be between five and nine Assessment Criteria. Whether or not the headings match, the Marking
Scheme as a whole must reflect the weightings in the Standards.
Assessment Criteria are created by the person or people developing the Marking Scheme, who are free
to define the Criteria that they consider most suited to the assessment and marking of the Test Project.
Each Assessment Criterion is defined by a letter (A-I). The Assessment Criteria, the allocation of marks,
and the assessment methods, should not be set out within this Technical Description. This is because
the Criteria, allocation of marks, and assessment methods all depend on the nature of the Marking
Scheme and Test Project, which is decided after this Technical Description is published.
The Mark Summary Form generated by the CIS will comprise a list of the Assessment Criteria and Sub
Criteria.

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The marks allocated to each Criterion will be calculated by the CIS. These will be the cumulative sum
of marks given to each Aspect within that Assessment Criterion.

4.3 Sub Criteria

Each Assessment Criterion is divided into one or more Sub Criteria. Each Sub Criterion becomes the
heading for a WorldSkills marking form. Each marking form (Sub Criterion) contains Aspects to be
assessed and marked by measurement or judgement, or both measurement and judgement.
Each marking form (Sub Criterion) specifies both the day on which it will be marked, and the identity
of the marking team.

4.4 Aspects
Each Aspect defines, in detail, a single item to be assessed and marked, together with the marks, and
detailed descriptors or instructions as a guide to marking. Each Aspect is assessed either by
measurement or by judgement.
The marking form lists, in detail, every Aspect to be marked together with the mark allocated to it. The
sum of the marks allocated to each Aspect must fall within the range of marks specified for that
section of the Standards. This will be displayed in the Mark Allocation Table of the CIS, in the
following format, when the Marking Scheme is reviewed from C-8 weeks. (Section 4.1 refers.)

4.5 Assessment and marking

There is to be one marking team for each Sub Criterion, whether it is assessed and marked by
judgement, measurement, or both. The same marking team must assess and mark all Competitors.
Where this is impracticable (for example where an action must be done by every Competitor
simultaneously, and must be observed doing so), a second tier of assessment and marking will be put
in place, with the approval of the Competitions Committee Management Team. The marking teams
must be organized to ensure that there is no compatriot marking in any circumstances. (Section 4.6
refers.)

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4.6 Assessment and marking using judgement
Judgement uses a scale of 0-3. To apply the scale with rigour and consistency, judgement must be
conducted using:
• benchmarks (criteria) for detailed guidance for each Aspect (in words, images, artefacts or separate
guidance notes)
• the 0-3 scale to indicate:
• 0: performance below industry standard
• 1: performance meets industry standard
• 2: performance meets and, in specific respects, exceeds industry standard
• 3: performance wholly exceeds industry standard and is judged as excellent
Three Experts will judge each Aspect, normally simultaneously, and record their scores. A fourth Expert
coordinates and supervises the scoring, and checks their validity. They also act as a judge when
required to prevent compatriot marking.

4.7 Assessment and marking using measurement

Normally three Experts will be used to assess each aspect, with a fourth Expert supervising. In some
circumstances the team may organize itself as two pairs, for dual marking. Unless otherwise stated,
only the maximum mark or zero will be awarded. Where they are used, the benchmarks for awarding
partial marks will be clearly defined within the Aspect. To avoid errors in calculation or transmission,
the CIS provides a large number of automated calculation options, the use of which is mandated.

4.8 The use of measurement and judgement

Decisions regarding the choice of criteria and assessment methods will be made during the design of
the competition through the Marking Scheme and Test Project.

4.9 Skill assessment strategy

WorldSkills is committed to continuous improvement. This particularly applies to assessment. The SMT
is expected to learn from past and alternative practice and build on the validity and quality of
assessment and marking.
Competitors are given all the necessary materials prior to the commencement of each module.
Criteria for Measurement Marking
There can be four different types of measurement criteria in the Test Project. In the table below is the
explanation of the types.

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Type example maximum correct Not correct
marks

Full or zero marks Site Map dynamically 0.50 0.50 0

linked to menu

Deduct from full Code validate to HTML 2.00 2.00 0-1.5

marks 1.0 Strict
[deduct 0.5 mark for each
type of error]

Add to zero CSS documentation (0.5) 1.0 1.0 0-0.5

marks HTML documentation
(0.5)

Speed marks Calculated based on what time Competitors complete a set task.

4.10 Skill assessment procedures

Assessment and marking are an intense process that depends upon skilful leadership, management,
and scrutiny.
Each Expert will perform as a member of a module group of the final Test Project.
Experts are divided into module groups allocating equal Measurement and Judgement Marking where
possible. The composition of the module groups is decided by the Skill Management Team with the
aim of having a balance of new and experienced Experts in each.
Experts are divided into different cultural groups for Judgement Marking where possible.
Technologies such as frameworks and open source Content Management Systems (CMS) are selected
and finalized in the WorldSkills Discussion Forum during Competition Preparation Week. All
technologies must have a minimum of three Experts who have a high-level understanding of the
technology.
For the speed Test Project module:
• Experts can submit mini speed Test Project modules.
• There are 2 marks for each WorldSkills Occupational Standard section. For all the submitted speed
Test Projects modules, the SCM and the Independent Test Project Designer will mark each mini Test
Project module to be three levels:
• 0.5 marks: expected to take less than 15 minutes to finish
• 1 mark: expected to take 15-25 minutes to finish
• 1.5 mark: expected to take 30 minutes to finish
For any mini Test Project module that has larger scope that 1.5 marks, the SCM will either reject it or
split it.

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5 The Test Project

5.1 General notes

Sections 3 and 4 govern the development of the Test Project. These notes are supplementary.
Whether it is a single entity, or a series of stand-alone or connected modules, the Test Project will
enable the assessment of the applied knowledge, skills, and behaviours set out in each section of the
WSOS.
The purpose of the Test Project is to provide full, balanced, and authentic opportunities for assessment
and marking across the Standards, in conjunction with the Marking Scheme. The relationship between
the Test Project, Marking Scheme, and Standards will be a key indicator of quality, as will be its
relationship with actual work performance.
The Test Project will not cover areas outside the Standards, or affect the balance of marks within the
Standards other than in the circumstances indicated by Section 2. This Technical Description will note
any issues that affect the Test Project’s capacity to support the full range of assessment relative to the
Standards. Section 2.1 refers.
The Test Project will enable knowledge and understanding to be assessed solely through their
applications within practical work. The Test Project will not assess knowledge of WorldSkills rules and
regulations.
Most Test Projects (and Marking Schemes) are now designed and developed independently of the
Experts. They are designed and developed either by the Skill Competition Manager, or an Independent
Test Project Developer, normally from C-12 months. They are subject to independent review,
verification, and validation. (Section 4.1 refers.)
The information provided below will be subject to what is known at the time of completing this
Technical Description, and the requirement for confidentiality.
Please refer to the current version of the Competition Rules for further details.

5.2 Format/structure of the Test Project

The Test Project is a series of seven (7) separately assessed modules.

5.3 Test Project design requirements

Test Project modules are to be developed within the framework of the WorldSkills Occupational
Standards.
Each mini speed Test Project modules should take 15 minutes to 30 minutes.

5.4 Test Project development

The Test Project MUST be submitted using the templates provided by WorldSkills International
(www.worldskills.org/expertcentre). Use the Word template for text documents and DWG template for
drawings.
For WSC2022SE this skill competition will be held from 13-16 October 2022. The “C” dates below are
calculated from this date.

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5.4.1 Who develops the Test Project or modules
The Test Project/modules are developed by an Independent Test Project Designer in collaboration with
the Skill Competition Manager.
5.4.2 When is the Test Project developed
The Test Project/modules are developed according to the following timeline:

Time Activity

Nine (9) months prior to the Every Expert can develop a mini speed Test Project
Competition module.

Two (2) months prior to the Experts shall propose mini speed Test Project modules to
Competition the Skill Competition Manager. The Skill Competition
Manager will ensure the speed Test Projects are within
scope.

Prior to the Competition The other parts of the Test Project are developed
secretly.

One (1) month prior to the Competition The Test Project documents are sent to the WorldSkills
International Skills Competitions Administration
Manager.

At the Competition on C-3 The secretly designed Test Project is presented to

Experts.
Mini speed Test Project modules for each WSOS group
are selected randomly.

At the Competition at the beginning of The Test Project/modules are presented to Competitors.
each competition day

5.5 Test Project initial review and verification

The purpose of a Test Project is to create a challenge for Competitors which authentically represents
working life for an outstanding practitioner in an identified occupation. By doing this, the Test Project
will apply the Marking Scheme and fully represent the WSOS. In this way it is unique in its context,
purpose, activities, and expectations,
To support Test Project design and development, a rigorous quality assurance and design process is in
place (Competition Rules sections 10.6-10.7 refer.) Once approved by WorldSkills, the Independent
Test Project Designer is expected to identify one or more independent, expert, and trusted individuals
initially to review the Designer’s ideas and plans, and subsequently to verify the Test Project, prior to
validation.
A Skill Advisor will ensure and coordinate this arrangement, to guarantee the timeliness and
thoroughness of both initial review, and verification, based on the risk analysis that underpins Section
10.7 of the Competition Rules.

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5.6 Test Project validation
The Skill Competition Manager coordinates the validation and will ensure that the Test
Project/modules can be completed within the material, equipment, knowledge, and time constraints of
Competitors.
The final Test Project modules are validated by the SMT and selected Experts the respective module
group prior to the Competition. The Skill Competition Manager will provide assistance to module
groups to the selected Experts for the validation of projects. Module groups, SMT, and selected Experts
will ensure that:
• The module can be completed in the specified time;
• The module can be completed with the provided material and media files;
• The Marking Schemes are appropriately developed;
• The Test Project meets the WorldSkills Occupational Standards

5.7 Test Project selection

The Test Project/modules are selected by the Independent Test Project Designer in collaboration with
the Skill Competition Manager.
The mini speed Test Project modules are selected randomly at the Competition.

5.8 Test Project circulation

If applicable, the Test Project is circulated via the website as follows:
The Test Project/modules are not circulated prior to the Competition. The Test Project/modules are
presented to Experts on C-3 and to Competitors every morning of each Competition day.

5.9 Test Project coordination (preparation for Competition)

Coordination of the Test Project/modules is undertaken by the Skill Competition Manager.

5.10 Test Project change

There is no 30% change required to be made to the Test Project/modules at the Competition.
Exceptions are amendments to technical errors in the Test Project documents and to infrastructure
limitations.

5.11 Material or manufacturer specifications

Specific material and/or manufacturer specifications required to allow the Competitor to complete the
Test Project will be supplied by the Competition Organizer and are available from
www.worldskills.org/infrastructure located in the Expert Centre. However, note that in some cases
details of specific materials and/or manufacturer specifications may remain secret and will not be
released prior to the Competition. These such items may include those for fault finding modules or
modules not circulated.

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6 Skill management and communication

6.1 Discussion Forum

Prior to the Competition, all discussion, communication, collaboration, and decision making regarding
the skill competition must take place on the skill specific Discussion Forum
(http://forums.worldskills.org). Skill related decisions and communication are only valid if they take
place on the forum. The Chief Expert (or an Expert nominated by the Chief Expert) will be the
moderator for this Forum. Refer to Competition Rules for the timeline of communication and
competition development requirements.

6.2 Competitor information

All information for registered Competitors is available from the Competitor Centre
(www.worldskills.org/competitorcentre).
This information includes:
• Competition Rules
• Technical Descriptions
• Mark Summary Form (where applicable)
• Test Projects (where applicable)
• Infrastructure List
• WorldSkills Health, Safety, and Environment Policy and Regulations
• Other Competition-related information

6.3 Test Projects [and Marking Schemes]

Circulated Test Projects will be available from www.worldskills.org/testprojects and the Competitor
Centre (www.worldskills.org/competitorcentre).

6.4 Day-to-day management

The day-to-day management of the skill during the Competition is defined in the Skill Management
Plan that is created by the Skill Management Team led by the Skill Competition Manager. The Skill
Management Team comprises the Skill Competition Manager, Chief Expert, and Deputy Chief Expert.
The Skill Management Plan is progressively developed in the six months prior to the Competition and
finalized at the Competition by agreement of the Experts. The Skill Management Plan can be viewed in
the Expert Centre (www.worldskills.org/expertcentre).

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6.5 General best practice procedures
General best practice procedures clearly delineate the difference between what is a best practice
procedure and skill-specific rules (section 9). General best practice procedures are those where Experts
and Competitors CANNOT be held accountable as a breach to the Competition Rules or skill-specific
rules which would have a penalty applied as part of the Issue and Dispute Resolution procedure
including the Code of Ethics and Conduct Penalty System. In some cases, general best practice
procedures for Competitors may be reflected in the Marking Scheme.

Topic/task Best practice procedure

Test Projects • Uncirculated Test Projects are released on C-3 by SCM

• Translation process begins after test projects are released.
Translation need to be submitted to SMT, by 11:59am, 1 day
before each Test Project begins.
• Interpreter might use transition devices and laptop with internet to
translate the Test Projects.

Equipment • The Web Design Experts and Workshop Manager have the right to
disallow certain equipment brought by Competitors.

Equipment failure • In the occurrence of equipment failure Competitors must notify

Experts immediately by raising their hand. Experts will take note of
the time that the Competitor is not able to make use of their
equipment. Any time lost due to equipment failure is provided to
the Competitor at the end of the standard Module time.
• Competitors raise their hands or by pressing the “beep” button to
notify experts if there is one installed.
• No additional time is granted for work not saved prior to the
equipment failure.

Final Test Projects • Completed Test Projects for all Competitors are backed up and
made available to all Competitors at the conclusion of the
competition.

Competitors’ Internet • A common Internet workstation is setup which Competitors can

station make use of twice a day (eight sessions - over the four days of
competition). A maximum of ten minutes is allocated to each
session and any unused time cannot be re-allocated. Competitor
Internet workstation sessions are not to be used consecutively; a
minimum of one session must separate the use of the Internet
workstation.

Competitors’ workstation • During the competition Competitors may have access to a limited
Internet number of Internet resources as required for each individual
Module. Not all modules will make use of Internet resources.

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Music • Competitors are allowed to supply on Familiarization Day a
memory stick containing a maximum of 20 un-edited songs. In
addition to the memory stick, Competitors may also supply a
maximum of three original music CDs. All music is collated and
shared amongst all Competitors.

Familiarization Day • Prior to completing Familiarization all Competitors need to clean

their respective computers removing all the files created/used to
test the software. This includes the removal of all databases which
have been created.

Marking • Experts – All mark deductions must be accompanied by a short

description as to why the mark was not awarded. This description
can be made in the Results column.

Module Questions • Experts – All questions about the Test Project must be asked in the
WorldSkills Forum prior to the day that the Module is to be
competed on. Module Experts will then answer questions where
required. No questions are answered unless the question has been
asked within the WorldSkills Forum.
• Competitors – All questions about the Test Project must be
communicated through your Expert.

Module Briefing • Experts – No communication can be made with your Competitor

during the Module Briefings.
• Competitors – No questions can be asked about the Test Project
during the Module Briefings. These questions should have already
been asked by your Expert prior to the day that the Module is
being competed on.

Breaks • Competitors - No extra time is given to Competitors who stop

work during competition time to go to the bathroom or for those
who break for a food and/or drink. When time is completed all
Competitors must stop all work on their computer immediately.

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7 Skill-specific safety requirements
Refer to WorldSkills Health, Safety, and Environment Policy and Regulations for Host country
or region regulations.

Task

closed toe and heel

Sturdy shoes with
General PPE for safe areas √

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8 Materials and equipment

8.1 Infrastructure List

The Infrastructure List details all equipment, materials, and facilities provided by the Competition
Organizer.
The Infrastructure List is available at www.worldskills.org/infrastructure.
The Infrastructure List specifies the items and quantities requested by the Skill Management Team for
the next Competition. The Competition Organizer will progressively update the Infrastructure List
specifying the actual quantity, type, brand, and model of the items. Note that in some cases details of
specific materials and/or manufacturer specifications may remain secret and will not be released prior
to the Competition. These such items may include those for fault finding modules or modules not
circulated.
At each Competition, the Skill Management Team must review and update the Infrastructure List in
preparation for the next Competition. The Skill Competition Manager must advise the Director of Skills
Competitions of any increases in space and/or equipment.
At each Competition, the Technical Observer must audit the Infrastructure List that was used at that
Competition.
The Infrastructure List does not include items that Competitors and/or Experts are required to bring
and items that Competitors are not allowed to bring – they are specified below.

8.2 Competitors toolbox

Competitors are not allowed to send a toolbox to the Competition. All tools needed are provided by
the Competition Organizer.

8.3 Materials, equipment, and tools supplied by Competitors

It is not applicable for the Web Technologies skill competition for Competitors to bring materials,
equipment, and tools to the Competition. However, Competitors are allowed to bring their own
keyboard, mouse, and headphones in the morning of C-2 (Familiarization Day).
Competitors are allowed to bring some music data.

8.4 Materials, equipment, and tools supplied by Experts

Experts are not required to bring materials, equipment, or tools. All is supplied by the Competition
Organizer.

8.5 Materials and equipment prohibited in the skill area

Competitors and Experts are prohibited to bring any materials or equipment not listed in section 8.3
and section 8.4.

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8.6 Proposed workshop and workstation layouts
Workshop layouts from previous competitions are available at www.worldskills.org/sitelayout.
Example workshop layout

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9 Skill-specific rules
Skill-specific rules cannot contradict or take priority over the Competition Rules. They do provide
specific details and clarity in areas that may vary from skill competition to skill competition. This
includes but is not limited to personal IT equipment, data storage devices, Internet access, procedures
and workflow, and documentation management and distribution. Breaches of these rules will be
solved according to the Issue and Dispute Resolution procedure including the Code of Ethics and
Conduct Penalty System.

Topic/task Skill-specific rules

Use of • Skill Competition Manager, Chief Expert, Deputy Chief Expert, Experts, and
technology – Interpreters are allowed to bring USB/memory sticks into the Expert meeting
USB, memory room. USB/memory sticks are allowed to be taken outside of the meeting
sticks room at the end of each day.
• Competitors are not allowed to bring USB/memory sticks into the
workshop. If Competitors do bring them into the workshop, they should
lock them in their locker. They can be removed at lunchtime or at the end
of each day.

Use of • Skill Competition Manager, Chief Expert, Deputy Chief Expert, Experts, and
technology – Interpreters are allowed to bring laptops into the Expert meeting room.
personal laptops Laptops are allowed to be taken outside of the meeting room at the end of
each day.
• No laptops are allowed in the workshop. If Competitors do bring them into
the workshop, they should lock them in their locker. They can be removed
at lunchtime or at the end of each day.

Use of • Skill Competition Manager, Chief Expert, Deputy Chief Expert, Experts, and
technology – Interpreters are allowed to bring cameras into the Expert meeting room.
personal Cameras are allowed to be taken outside of the meeting room at the end of
cameras each day.
• No cameras are allowed in the workshop until the completion of
competition on C4.
• Note that cameras, laptops, or any other electronic devices may be allowed
on C4 with approval from the SCM because C4 is usually a Test Project that
tests only communication and organization skills, where Competitors team
up into groups. A change to this rule for C4 only is at the discretion of the
SCM and should be documented.

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Use of • Chief Expert, Deputy Chief Expert, Experts, and Interpreters are not allowed
technology – to take any electronic devices to any Competitor workstations under any
mobile devices circumstances except with the approval of either the Chief or Deputy Chief
Experts and acknowledgement of the SCM.
• Competitors must leave electronic devices (Including mobile phones) in their
bags (switched off or on silent) within the lockers provided.
• No electronic devices are to be brought to Competitors workstations under
any circumstances unless with the approval of either the Chief or Deputy
Chief Experts. If Competitors do bring them into the workshop, they should
lock them in their locker. They can be removed at lunchtime or at the end
of each day.
• The Skill Competition Manger is exempt from this rule.

Source file/notes • Skill Competition Manager, Chief Expert, Deputy Chief Expert, Experts,
Competitors, and Interpreters may not bring notes into the workshop under
any circumstances. All notes made at the Competitor workstation must
remain at the Competitor’s desk at all times. The SCM will collect any notes
each evening and lock them away for safe keeping and redistribute the
following morning during preparation. No notes may be taken outside of
the workshop. This is applicable for C-2 and C1 to C4.

Internal Storage • All materials brought into the workshop by the Competitors must not have
any internal memory storage devices.

Competitors • During the time on the Internet workstation, Competitors are only allowed
Internet to surf the web. Competitors are not allowed to chat or communicate with
Workstation others during the time on the Internet workstation. Experts will supervise
the Internet workstation when it is in use by a Competitor.

Competitors • Except for specific Internet resources, Competitors will not have access to
Workstation the Internet from the Competitor workstations. No additional websites may
Internet be visited under any circumstance.

Familiarization • During Familiarization Day Competitors cannot use the available time to
Day work on or solve any tasks related to the Competition.

Marking Rooms • Chief Expert, Deputy Chief Expert, and Experts are not allowed to bring
additional items in or out of the Marking Rooms unless approved by either
the Chief Expert or Deputy Chief Expert.
• Competitors are not allowed in the Marking Rooms.
• The Skill Competition Manager is exempt from this rule

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10 Visitor and media engagement
Following is a list of possible ways to maximize visitor and media engagement:
• Two mirrored monitors displayed for the public to view Competitors screens;
• Display screens showing a presentation on what Competitors are currently working on;
• Enhanced understanding of Competitor activity;
• Career opportunities;
• People’s Choice awards.

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11 Sustainability
This skill competition will focus on the sustainable practices below:
• Recycling – No printing for Competitor workstations;
• No printing of Test Projects. Test Projects are provided within media files;
• Use of completed Test Projects after Competition;
• Limit the amount of software to be installed on Competitor workstations;
• Open source software.

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12 References for industry consultation
WorldSkills is committed to ensuring that the WorldSkills Occupational Standards fully reflect the
dynamism of internationally recognized best practice in industry and business. To do this WorldSkills
approaches a number of organizations across the world that can offer feedback on the draft
Description of the Associated Role and WorldSkills Occupational Standards on a two-yearly cycle.
In parallel to this, WSI consults three international occupational classifications and databases:
• ISCO-08: (http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/stat/isco/isco08/) ILO 2513
• ESCO: (https://ec.europa.eu/esco/portal/home )
• O*NET OnLine (www.onetonline.org/)
Your competition appears most closely to relate to Web Developer:
https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/15-1134.00
and/or Web Developer:
http://data.europa.eu/esco/occupation/c40a2919-48a9-40ea-b506-1f34f693496d
Adjacent occupations ban also be explored through these links.
The following table indicates which organizations were approached and provided valuable feedback
for the Description of the Associated Role and WorldSkills Occupational Standards in place for
WorldSkills Competition 2022 Special Edition.

Organization Contact name

Crossthinker Network and Design Company Samuel Chan, Developer/Owner

Limited (Macao)

Post Finance Ltd (Switzerland) Michael Fischer, Senior Web Developer

Ridgeon Network Ltd (United Kingdom) Chris Ridgeon, Managing Director

SwissCom (Switzerland, Italy) Sebastian Hani, Fullstack Web Developer, Scrum

Master, Tutor

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