12

12 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Physical Education
and Health 4
Quarter 4 – Module 4b (Weeks 3-4):
Environmental Hazards of Outdoor
Recreational Activities

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NegOr_Q4_PEH12_Modulea4b_V2
Physical Education and Health – Grade 12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 2: Environmental Hazards Of Outdoor Recreational
Activities
Second Edition, 2022

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Chrissie Kyell M. Trinidad
Editor: Jaymar R. Kinkito; Sheena Grace B. Alabata; Maria Teresa S. Bernal
Reviewer: Jaymar R. Kinkito
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Jenith C. Cabajon
Joelyza M. Arcilla, Ed. D. Rosela R. Abiera
Marcelo K. Palispid Maricel S. Rasid
Nilita L. Ragay, Ed. D. Elmar L. Cabrera
Dan P. Alar, EdD

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: [email protected]

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Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as
you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to
ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the
lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you
will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to
our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help
you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this
SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read
the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in
this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
The Philippine archipelago has so much to offer in terms of land
formations and natural water resources. We have so much to do whether
on land, water or in the air. With these, our country hosts a variety of
outdoor recreational activities that promote the country’s tourism industry.
Firstly, for land, it hosts camping, mountain climbing, trekking, rock
climbing, and many more. Secondly, for water, it hosts diving, surfing,
swimming, snorkeling, sailing, and many more. Lastly, for air, it hosts
skydiving, paragliding, and parasailing, just to name a few. Perhaps, the
first thing that the people who have experienced these outdoor
recreational activities is say that they are fun and exciting. Outdoor
activities have a positive effect in our general well-being but despite this,
it also brings hazards to people.

In this module, you will learn about the environmental hazards of

outdoor activities and the personal safety protocol etiquette and safety in
the use of facilities and equipment for outdoor activities.

What I Know

PRE-ASSESSMENT

Directions: Read and answer the questions carefully. Write the letter of the
correct answer in your notebook.

1. It is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity, or condition that

may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of
livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental
damage.
A. Disaster B. Hazard C. Risk D. Recovery
2. What do you call the specific physical features of an area of land?
A. Hills B. Mountains C. Terrain D. Valleys
3. Which among the following environmental hazards depend upon the location
and terrain?
A. Bad Road Conditions C. Improper clothing
B. Exposed Ledges D. Thunderstorms
4. Which among the following environmental hazards depend upon the
equipment?
5. Which amongstove
A. Broken the following environmental hazards
C. Snake Bites depend upon the
driving/transportation?
B. Darkness D. Tornadoes
A. Darkness C. Snake Bites

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B. Overexposed to sun D. Uneven Surfaces
6. Which of the following is a weather hazard?
A. Bee stings C. Rocky trail
B. Broken stoves D. Strong winds
7. What do you call a sport in attaining or attempting to attain high points in
mountainous regions, mainly pleasure of the climb?
A. Hiking C. Trekking
B. Mountaineering D. Water Activities
8. Which of the following is/are a water activity?
A. Canoeing C. Snorkeling
B. Scuba diving D. All of the above
9. Which of the following is NOT an essential equipment for mountaineering?
A. Extra clothes C. Headlamp
B. First Aid D. Lifebuoys
10. Which of the following is NOT an essential equipment for water activities?
A. Distress Signals C. First Aid Kits
B. Fire D. Maps

What’s In

ACTIVITY 1: AVOID MISHAPS!

Direction: Write the answers in your activity notebook. Observe the picture below of
teenagers swimming at the. List at least three mishaps that can be prevented by
observing personal safety protocol etiquette and safety in the use equipment for
outdoor recreational activities.

Cohn, 2014

1. _________________________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________________
4. ACTIVITY 2: IDENTIFY THEM!

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Directions: Identify the commonly used life-saving equipment for water activities.
Write your answers in your notebook.

ter-4-0-kg-med\ https://www.shmgroup.com n.d.

https://www.tmsup.com n.d.

1. _______________________ 2.______________________

https://www.heightsafesystems.com n.d. Brown, 2015

3. _______________________ 4. ______________________

Walker, n.d.

5. _______________________

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What’s New

Read and answer the questions carefully. Write your answers in your notebook.

1. Why do we need to identify the environmental hazards we might encounter

during outdoor recreational activities?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
2. Why do we need to identify the equipment we will be using during outdoor
recreational activities?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

What is It

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Outdoor recreational activities have so much to offer to people. These

includes fun and pleasure, general wellness of an individual, and sometimes
environmental hazard.
According to the School Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Manual
Booklet 1 of DepEd, “hazard is a dangerous phenomenon, condition, substance, or
human activity that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property
damage, social and economic disruption, loss of livelihoods and services, or
environmental damage”.
Mishaps are avoidable. The most effective way to prevent them is to
adequately prepare for the trip that includes knowing the environmental hazard you
may encounter during the outdoor recreational activity.

In https://www.suu.edu/ n.d., “any outdoor activity has inherent risks. When

planning a project in the outdoors it is important to account for the risk, accept the
ones you cannot change, and mitigating the risk you can”. When assessing the
potential environmental hazards you need to look at three factors.
1. Location and terrain
The terrain is defined as the specific physical
features of an area of land. The location and the terrain
contribute to the hazardous conditions when staying and
walking into the site. Some environmental hazards that
depend upon your location and terrain are uneven
surfaces, wet grass, and mud, holes in the ground can
https://nayturr.com/ n.d.

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cause trips or falls, rocky trails, exposed ledges, darkness
and poison ivy.

2. Season/Climate
Keep an eye on the current and predicted weather
conditions. Know the signs for approaching storms or
changing weather conditions. Some areas are
susceptible to certain types of severe weather. Weather
hazards includes lightning
and thunderstorms,
flooding and flash
flooding,strong winds and
tornadoes, freezing rain
and hail, and being

Overexpose to sun.
Fahey, 2018

3. Equipment and Transportation

Keep your equipment in good condition. Inspect
them before your trip. Do not wait until you are at the trail-
head. Beyond the activity, the equipment and driving/
transportation are also considered environmental
hazards.

Equipment:
• Broken stove
• Boots not broken in
• Improper clothing
• Inoperative equipment

Driving/Transportation:
• Bad road conditions
• Darkness
• Unfamiliar road
• Difficult road (Class I-VI)
• Other erratic drivers
• Pedestrians/cyclists

TEN ESSENTIAL EQUIPMENT FOR MOUNTAINEERING

It is a great idea to work on a checklist that is tailored to the nature of the

outing when planning for your next mountaineering trip
(https://www.mountaineers.org/ n.d.). Here are the ten essential pieces of equipment
that mountaineers should prepare and bring when climbing a mountain:

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1. Navigation – Today’s mountaineer carries five essential
tools while navigating to their destination: map, altimeter,
compass, GPS device, and personal locator beacon (“PLB”)
or other devices to contact emergency first responders. 2. 2.
2. Headlamp – In the outdoors, headlamps are the flashlight of
choice, freeing hands for anything from cooking to climbing.
If the party plans to return before dark, each member should
carry a headlamp.
3. Sun-protection – This includes carrying and wearing
sunglasses, sun-protective clothes, and broad-spectrum
sunscreen rated at least SPF 30.
4. First Aid – Carrying and knowing how to use a first-aid kit
should not give you a false sense of security. Avoid injuries
or sickness is the best course of action to take in the first
place.
5. Knife – These are useful for first-aid, food preparation,
repairs, and climbing, therefore, everyone in the group
should carry one.
6. Fire – Most climbers carry a disposable butane lighter or two
instead of matches. Either must be reliable.
7. Shelter – Carrying some sort of emergency shelter from rain
and wind, such as a plastic tube tent or a jumbo plastic trash
bag.
8. Extra Food – The food should require no cooking, be easily
digestible, and store well for long periods.
9. Extra water – Always carry at least one water bottle or
hydration bag.
10. Extra clothes – It refers to additional layers that would be
needed to survive long, inactive hours of an unplanned
camp.

COMMONLY USED LIFE-SAVING EQUIPMENT IN AQUATIC ACTIVITIES

According to www.shmgroup.com, “many disastrous accidents have been
averted due to the timely use of life-saving equipment by the sports enthusiasts as
well as the accompanying experts”. The following are the commonly used life-saving
equipment in water sports and should always be checked for availability.

1. Lifejackets - These can be of help to the person wearing it from drowning.

Thus, it is important to always wear a life jacket throughout the water
activity.
2. Safety helmets – They are used mostly for water sports involving a higher
risk factor, like water skiing and kayaking activities, but it is important to
use them whenever required.
3. Safety harnesses – They should be tied tightly enough to allow free
movement in the boat or on deck, but not so loose that the person may fall
overboard, leading to a lot of injuries.

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4. Lifebuoys – These are ring-like flotation devices that prevent people from
drowning.
5. First aid kits - It is the first requirement for medical assistance in case of
an emergency and hence is a must-have safety measure on every boat.
6. Maps - It is important to navigate rightly and follow the basic safety rules
while taking any vessel out in the water, be it for rafting or boating.
7. Distress signals – These include light-emitting beacons and flares that
are important to gain the attention of passers-by for help during an
emergency.
8. Radios – It will enable the person in need to get in touch with the control
center and get assistance in case of an emergency.
9. Weather Gauge - Carrying a weather gauge at all times helps one stay
updated about the climate and any potential weather change.
10. Personal locator - The beacon is an electronic transmitter that sends out
a signal alerting the rescuers of the location. People regularly use this
device for crew saving in lifeboats and shipping.

What’s More

ACTIVITY 3: LISTING DOWN ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Pick out a location for an outdoor recreational activity you want to do after the
pandemic. List down the environmental hazards that can be encountered in your
chosen location. Follow the template below. Write your answers in your notebook.

Location: ____________________________________
A. Environmental hazards that depend upon the location and terrain
1. ______________________________________
2. ______________________________________
B. Environmental hazards that depend upon the climate of the place
1. ______________________________________
2. ______________________________________
C. Environmental hazards that depend upon the equipment and
driving/transportation to be used
1. ______________________________________
2. ______________________________________

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What I Have Learned

Complete the following statements:

1. I will follow____________________________________________________.

2. I will practice__________________________________________________.

3. I will prevent myself from ________________________________________.

4. I will use _____________________________________________________.

5. I will promote__________________________________________________.

What I Can Do

REVIEW ON ADMINISTERING FIRST AID

Scenario: You and your three other friends were hiking along the trail. You saw a
man who is screaming in pain because of a snake bite How will you deal with this
situation using the equipment you brought during the hike?
A. List everything you need to do as a first aider based on what you have learned
from the previous module.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Assessment

Directions: Read and answer the questions carefully. Write your answer in your
notebook.

1. What do you call the equipment that can be of help in preventing the person
wearing it from drowning automatically, or as soon as it is inflated?
A. Distress Signals B. First Aid Kits C. Lifejackets D. Maps

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2. What do you call the light-emitting beacons and flares that can gain the attention
of passers-by for help during an emergency?
A. Distress Signals B. Lifebuoys C. Lifejackets D. Radios
3. What do you call the equipment used mostly for water sports involving a higher
risk factor, like water skiing and kayaking activities?
A. Lifebuoys B. Maps C. Radios D. Safety Helmet
4.Which among the following is NOT an essential tool for navigation?
A. Altimeter C. Personal locator beacon (“PLB”)
B. Compass D. Radio

5.Which of the following equipment is used for sun protection?

A. Sunglasses C. Sunscreen
B. Sun-protective clothes D. All of the above

6. Which of the following is a weather hazard?

A. Bee stings C. Rocky trail
B. Broken stove D. Tornadoes

7. Which among the following environmental hazards depend upon the location and
terrain?
A. Bad road conditions C. Improper clothing
B. Exposed ledges D. Thunderstorms

8.Which among the following environmental hazards depend upon the equipment?
A. Flood C. Snakebite
B. Inoperative equipment D. Unfamiliar road

9. Why do we need to prepare the proper equipment for mountaineering before the
day of the hike?
A. To avoid being injured
B. To avoid being poisoned by plants or animals living in the area
C. To avoid getting sick during and after the trip
D. All of the above

10. Why do we need to prepare the proper equipment for water activities before the
day of the trip?
A. To avoid getting drown
B. To avoid being injured
C. To avoid getting lost in the middle of the sea
D. All of the above

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Additional Activities

CREATE A CHECKLIST
You are invited by a friend to climb Mt. Talinis with his/her team. The hike will
take 2 days in total. Create a checklist of the equipment you need to bring on the
hike. Include at least 15 pieces of equipment in your checklist. Follow the sample
template below and write your answers in your notebook.

NO. EQUIPMENT STATUS

1
2
3

Answer Key

5. Distress signal
4. Lifejacket
3. First Aid Kit
2. Safety harness 10.D
1. Lifebuoys 9.D
Activity 2 8.B
Answers may vary 7.C
Activity 1 6.D
What’s New 5.D
10. A 4.C
9. D 3.C
8. D 2.D
7. B 1.C
6. D ASSESSMENT
5. A
4. A Answers may vary
3.B What I can do
2.C Answers may vary
1.B What’s More
Pre-assessment Answers may vary
What I Know What’s New

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References
Bayangos, Mariel C., and Ma. Vic S. Relayson. n.d. "DRRM Manual Booklet 1."
http://depedbohol.org/. Accessed January 12, 2022. http://depedbohol.org/v2/wp-
content/uploads/2012/06/DRRM-Manual_Booklet-1_Final-1.pdf.

Brown, Randy. 2015. https://www.portmanatee.com/. September. Accessed January 12, 2022.

https://www.portmanatee.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/U.S.Coastguard.pdf.

Cohn, Adam. 2014. https://www.flickr.com/. April 19. Accessed January 12, 2022.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/adamcohn/24159984756.

Fahey, Neil. 2018. https://www.bushwalkingblog.com.au. September 5. Accessed January 12, 2022.

https://www.bushwalkingblog.com.au/5-of-the-best-outdoor-adventures-in-the-
philippines/.

n.d. https://nayturr.com/. Accessed January 12, 2022. https://nayturr.com/types-of-terrain/.

n.d. https://www.heightsafesystems.com. Accessed January 12, 2022.

https://www.heightsafesystems.com/guides/fall-arrest-systems-safe-compliant.

n.d. https://www.mountaineers.org/. Accessed January 13, 2022.

https://www.mountaineers.org/blog/what-are-the-ten-essentials.

n.d. https://www.shmgroup.com. Accessed January 12, 2022.

https://www.shmgroup.com/blog/understanding-lifejackets-personal-safety-device/.

n.d. https://www.shmgroup.com/. Accessed January 13, 2022.

https://www.shmgroup.com/blog/top-10-life-saving-appliances-water-sports/.

n.d. https://www.suu.edu/. Accessed January 12, 2022. https://www.suu.edu/erm/pdf/risk-

assessment-process.pdf.

n.d. https://www.tmsup.com. Accessed January 12, 2022.

https://www.tmsup.com/products/lifebuoy-75-cm-diameter-4-0-kg-med.

Jimmy Walker, DDS. n.d. https://innerbanksdental.com/. Accessed January 12, 2022.

https://innerbanksdental.com/your-dental-first-aid-kit-what-to-include/.

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Kagawasan Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117

Email Address: [email protected]
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net