Gen.

Physics 1
Week 4:
Contact and
Non-contact
Forces
Force
Contact Force

Force between two bodies

that are in direct contact with
each other.

Examples: friction and the

force exerted by your muscle
when you lift an object.
Noncontact Force
Force that acts even if the
interacting bodies are
separated by a distance is
called noncontact force.
Examples: gravitational force,
electrostatic force between
charged bodies, and magnetic
force
The four fundamental forces
of nature are as follows:
1.Gravitational force
- is the attractive force exerted
by objects with mass
2. Electromagnetic force
- is the force that holds atoms
and molecules together
3. Strong nuclear force
- is the force between protons
and neutrons in a nucleus
4. Weak nuclear force
- plays a role in the
radioactive decay of some
nuclei
Directions: Identify if the
examples show Contact or
Noncontact force.
1. Sliding of a car Contact force
2. Pull of the earth Non-Contact force
3. Magnets Non-Contact force
4. Electricity Non-Contact force
5. Friction inside
a machine Contact force
TYPES OF FORCE
Applied Force 𝑭𝒂𝒑𝒑
- An applied force
is a force that is
applied to an object
by a person or
another object.
TYPES OF FORCE
Gravity Force (also known
as Weight) 𝑭𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒗
- The force of gravity
is the force with which
the earth, moon, or
other massively large
object attracts another
object towards itself.
TYPES OF FORCE
Normal Force 𝑭𝒏𝒐𝒓𝒎 or N
- The normal force is the
support force exerted upon an
object that is in contact with
another stable object.
TYPES OF FORCE
Friction Force 𝑭𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄
- The friction force is the force
exerted by a surface as an
object moves across it or makes
an effort to move
across it.
TYPES OF FORCE
Resistance Force 𝑭𝒂𝒊𝒓

- The air resistance

is a special type of
frictional force that
acts upon object as
they travel through
the air.
TYPES OF FORCE
Tension Force 𝑭𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔
- The tension force is the force
that is transmitted through a
string, rope, cable or wire when
it is pulled tight by forces acting
from opposite ends.
TYPES OF FORCE
Spring Force 𝑭𝒔𝒑𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈

- The spring force

is the force exerted
by a compressed
or stretched spring
upon any object
that is attached to
it.
MASS AND WEIGHT
MASS
- It is independent of location.
- The SI unit of mass is kilogram
(kg).
- It is a scalar quantity.
- Objects with more mass will
accelerate less; and vice – versa.
MASS AND WEIGHT
WEIGHT
- Weight is dependent on the
object’s location, specifically those
with different value in gravity.
- The unit of weight is the same
unit for force, newton (N).
- It is a vector quantity.
MASS AND WEIGHT
WEIGHT

- Weight is a force on an object

due to gravity.
w = mg
where: w = weight
m = mass
g = gravity of the location
FRICTION AND PROPERTIES OF
STATIC FRICTION AND KINETIC
FRICTION

Friction
- refers to a force that resist
motion between material in
contact.
Type of friction between
solid surfaces
Static friction – occurs in cases
where friction is
sufficient to
prevent relative
motion between
the surfaces.
Type of friction between
solid surfaces
Kinetic friction – present when
there is a relative motion
between the
surfaces in
contact.
Type of friction between
solid surfaces
Rolling friction – occurs when
one surface rotates as it moves
over another without sliding nor
slipping at the
point or area of
contact.
Type of friction between
solid surfaces
Fluid friction (drag force) – refers
to the force that resist relative
motion of an object through a fluid
or of a fluid through another fluid.
GROUP ACTIVITY:
Building a Balloon Car
Materials:
- Plastic bottle
- 4 Plastic bottle caps
- 3 bendy straws
- 2 wooden skewers
- Balloon
- Rubber band
- Tape
- Scissors
- Hobby knife
Newton’s First Law of Motion
“Law of Inertia”
- Inertia is the property of a
body that tends to resist change
in its state of motion.
The greater the mass,
the greater the inertia.
Law of Inertia
- It states that “a body at rest
will remain at rest and a body
in motion will continue to move
with constant velocity unless
acted upon by an unbalanced
external force”.
Law of Inertia
If you are running and
someone told you to stop, you
tend to take time and cover a
few meters of distance.
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
“Law of Acceleration”
It states that “Acceleration of
the body is directly proportional
to the net force acting upon it
and inversely proportional to the
mass of the body”.
Law of Acceleration
The SI unit of force is newton (N).
Mathematically; F = ma
where: F = Force
m = mass
a = acceleration
𝑭
a= (acceleration)
𝒎
𝑭
m= (mass)
𝒂
Law of Acceleration
Law of Acceleration
Example 1: A boy is running with
an acceleration of 1.5 m/𝑠 2 , find the
mass of the boy if the force exerted
is 45 N.
𝑭
Solution: m =
𝒂
45 𝑁
m=
1.5 m/𝑠 2

m= 30kg
Law of Acceleration
Example 2: A 15 000 kg train is
traveling with an acceleration of
45 m/𝑠 2 , find the value of the
force exerted by the train.
m = 15 000 kg a = 45 m/𝑠 2
F = m?
F = ma F = (15 000) (45 m/𝑠 )
2

F = 675 000 N
Law of Acceleration
Example 3: Consider that a
second train with the same
amount of force has been
applied to a 12 000 kg train,
what will be the acceleration of
the second train?
F = 675 000 N m = 12 000 kg
a=? 𝑭 675 000
a= = a= 56.25 m/𝒔 𝟐
𝒎 12 000
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
”Law of Interaction”
It states that “when a body A
exerts a force on a body B, body
B will exert an equal but
oppositely directed force on
body A”.
Law of Interaction
Action – reaction pair
1. Action and reaction forces are
equal in magnitude but
oppositely directed.
2. Action and reaction forces
are acting on two different
bodies and will never cancel
out.
3. Forces always come in pairs.
Law of Interaction
Example: A 0.25 kg bug is flying
in a street when he was suddenly
hit by a 1500 kg moving car. If the
car exerts a 100 N force into the
bug, how much force does the bug
exert to the car?
Answer: 100 N ; Action and
reaction forces are equal in
magnitude but oppositely directed.
Fill in the blanks to complete the statements.
Newton’s first law of motion is
Law of Inertia
called the __________________.
It states that an object at rest will
remain at rest
_____________________
and an object in motion will
continue in motion
_______________________
with constant velocity and same
direction unless acted by an
unbalanced force
______________________.
When an unbalanced force acts
on an object at rest, it will
move
_______________.

Newton’s 3 rd law
_______________ of
motion is the Law of Interaction.
action
It states that for every __________,
reaction but
there is an equal ___________
direction
opposite in __________________.
So if object A exerted a 250 N
force to object B, object A will
250 N
receive a _______________ force
from object B.

Newton’s second law of motion

Law of Acceleration
is the_________________________.
Acceleration is directly pro-
net force
portional to __________________
and inversely proportional to
mass of object
the ______________________.

An object with lesser mass will

greater
have _____________acceleration
than an object with more mass.
So when a loaded basket and
an empty basket is pushed with
the same force, the
empty basket
____________________ will have a
greater acceleration.
TRY THIS!
1. Joshua’s friend Cris has a
skateboard that he rides at the
skate park. The combined mass of
Cris and his skateboard is 60kg.
At the top of his jump, the force
acting on him is 30N. What is his
acceleration at that moment?
2. With fuel prices for combustible engine
automobiles increasing, manufacturers
have given more attention to the concept
of ultra light car. Using carbon
composites, lighter steels, and plastics, a
fuel-efficient car can be manufactured at
540 kg. How much less does an ultra light
car weigh compared to a 1 450kg Honda
Accord (2007)?
3. In a National Football League, about
twenty percent (20%) of them weighs
more than 300 pounds. At this weight,
their Body Mass Index (BMI) places
them at Grade 2 obesity, one step
below morbid obesity. Determine the
football player’s mass if 300 pounds =
1 330 N.
Maximum static friction
𝒇𝒔𝒎𝒂𝒙 = μsFN
where:
𝑓𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = Maximum static friction
μs = coefficient of static friction
FN = Normal Force
𝑓𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑓𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥
FN = 𝜇𝑠 =
𝜇𝑠 𝐹𝑁
(Normal Force) (Coefficient)
Maximum static friction
Example: A wooden object with a
weight of 100 N is at rest in a
wooden table. Find the maximum
static friction between the object
and the table, given that μs = 0.3.
𝑓𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = μsFN 𝑓𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (0.3) (100N)
𝒇𝒔𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 30 N
KINETIC FRICTION
Fk = μkFN
where fk = Kinetic friction
μk = coefficient of kinetic friction
FN = Normal Force
𝐹𝑘 𝐹𝑘
FN = 𝜇𝑘 =
𝜇𝑘 𝐹𝑁
(Normal Force) (Coefficient)
KINETIC FRICTION

Example: If the kinetic friction

of an object (fk) is 320N, what
is the normal force if the
coefficient of kinetic friction is
2?
𝐹𝑘 320𝑁
FN = FN = FN = 160 N
𝜇𝑘 2
TRY THIS!
1. Find the coefficient of friction
which normal force is equal to 120 N
and a kinetic friction of 150 N.

2. What is the maximum static

friction of a material with a normal
force of 345 N and a coefficient of
0.60?