Lesson 7.

4
Name
Subtract Fractions Using Models Numbers and Operations—
Essential Question How can you subtract fractions with like Fractions—4.NF.B.3d Also 4.MD.A.2
denominators using models? MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES
MP1, MP2, MP4, MP5

Unlock
Unlock the
the Problem
Problem
A rover needs to travel 8_5 mile to reach its destination. It has already
traveled 8_3 mile. How much farther does the rover need to travel?
Compare fractions to find the difference.

STEP 1 Shade the model.

Shade the model to show the total distance.

Then shade the model to show how much distance the

rover has already covered.

0 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88

Total distance

Distance traveled

Think: The difference is _.

STEP 2 Write the difference.

5−3
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company • Image Credits: (t) ©NASA/JPL/Cornell University

__ __ = ____
8 8 8

So, the rover needs to travel _ mile farther.

1. Explain how the model shows how much farther the rover
needs to travel.

2. Explain how you can use the model to find 6_8 − 2_8 .

Chapter 7 403
Example
Sam ordered a small pizza, which was cut
into 6 equal slices. He ate 6_2 of the pizza and • How much pizza did Sam begin with?
put the rest away for later. How much of the
pizza did he put away for later?
• How many slices are in the whole? _
Find 1 − _2.
6
• How many slices did Sam eat? _

One Way Use a picture. Another Way Use fraction strips.

Shade 1 whole. Use six 1_6 -size parts to model the whole pizza.

1
1 1 1 1 1 1
6 6 6 6 6 6
How many 1_6 -size parts should you cross out to

model the slices Sam ate? _

Cross out the parts Sam ate.
How many 1_6 -size parts are left? _
Think: He ate _26 of the pizza, or 2 sixth-size parts. Write the difference.

How many sixth-size parts are left? _

1 − ____ = ____

So, Sam put _ of the pizza away for later. Math MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES 4
Talk
Use Models Explain why it
3. Explain how the equation 6_6 − 2_6 = 4_6 is related to the makes sense to think of 1
problem situation. whole as 6_6 in this problem.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

4. Sam ate 2_3 of the pizza and put the rest away for later. Explain how you
can use the circle to find how much of the pizza Sam put away for later.

404
Name

MATH
M
Share
Share and
and Show
hhow
Sh BOARD
B

1. Lisa needs _4 pound of shrimp to make shrimp salad. She has

1 pound of 5shrimp. How much more shrimp does Lisa need to
_
5
make the salad?
0 51 25 53 45 55
Subtract 4_ − 1_. Use the model to help.
5 5
Shade the model to show how much shrimp Lisa needs.

Then shade the model to show how much shrimp Lisa has.
Compare the difference between the two shaded rows.

4
_−1
_ = ____ pound
5 5 5

Lisa needs _ pound more shrimp.

Use the model to find the difference.

2. 3_ − 2_ = ____ 8 − __
3. __ 3 = ____
6 6 6 10 10 10

1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
6 6 6 6 6 6 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

Subtract. Use models to help.

4. _5 − 2_ = _ 7 − __
5. __ 2 = 6. _3 − 2_ = _
8 8 12 12 _ 4 4

Math MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES 2

On
On Your
Your Own
Own Talk
Reason Abstractly Why
Subtract. Use models to help. does the numerator change
when you subtract fractions
7. _2 − 1_ = _ 8. _7 − 5_ = __ with like denominators, but
3 3 8 8
the denominator doesn’t?
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

9. SMARTER
Explain how you could find the unknown addend
in + _____ = 1 without using a model.
_2
6

Chapter 7 • Lesson 4 405

MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES .0%&-t3&"40/tM",&4&/4&

Unlock
Unlock the
the Problem
Problem

DEEPER
Mrs. Ruiz served a pie for dessert two nights in a row.
The drawings below show the pie after her family ate dessert on
each night. What fraction of the pie did they eat on the second night?
'JSTUOJHIU 4FDPOEOJHIU

a. What do you need to know?–

b. How can you find the number of pieces eaten on the second night?–

xplain the steps you used to solve

c. E d. Complete the sentences.
the problem.
WRITE
After the first night, Math
M
_ t Show
piecesYour
wereWork
left.

After the second night, _ pieces

were left.

So, _ of the pie was eaten on

the second night.

MATHEMATICAL
PRACTICE .BLF$POOFDUJPOT#FUXFFO
6 Keiko sewed 3_4 yard of lace
SMARTER

.PEFMT Judi ate 8_7 of a small pizza and Jack on her backpack. Pam sewed 1_4 yard of lace
ate 8_2 of a second small pizza. How much on her backpack. Shade the model to show
more of a pizza did Judi eat? how much more lace Keiko sewed on her
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

backpack than Pam.

1
1 1 1 1
4 4 4 4

Keiko sewed _ _ yard more lace on

her backpack than Pam.

Practice and Homework
Name
Lesson 7.4
Subtract Fractions Using Models
COMMON CORE STANDARD—4.NF.B.3d
Build fractions from unit fractions by applying
and extending previous understandings of
Subtract. Use fraction strips to help. operations on whole numbers.

4 − __1 =
1. __
_3 1=
2. _3_ − __
5 5 __5 4 4 __

2
4

1=
3. _5_ − __ 1=
4. _7_ − __
6 6 __ 8 8 __

Problem
Problem Solving
Solving

Use the table for 5 and 6.

5. Ena is making trail mix. She buys the Weight

items shown in the table. How many Item
(in pounds)
more pounds of pretzels than raisins _ 7
Pretzels
does she buy? 8
Peanuts 4_
8
Raisins 2_
8
Banana Chips 3_
6. How many more pounds of granola than 8
banana chips does she buy? Granola 5_
8
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

7. WRITE Math List and describe the steps you would use to
model __
7
10
− __
4.
10

Chapter 7 407
TEST
Lesson Check (4.NF.B.3d)
PREP
1. Lee reads for 3_4 hour in the morning and 2. What equation does the model below
_2hour in the afternoon. How much longer represent?
4
does Lee read in the morning than in the
afternoon? Use models to help.

Spiral Review (4.NBT.B.5, 4.NF.A.2, 4.NF.B.3d)

3. A city received 2 inches of rain each day 4. At a party there were four large submarine
for 3 days. The meteorologist said that if sandwiches, all the same size. During the
the rain had been snow, each inch of rain party, 2_3 of the chicken sandwich, 3_4 of the
would have been 10 inches of snow. How tuna sandwich, __ 7 of the roast beef sandwich,
12
much snow would that city have received in and 5_6 of the veggie sandwich were eaten.
the 3 days? Which sandwich had the least amount left?

5. Deena uses 3_8 cup milk and 2_8 cup oil 6. In the car lot, __
4 of the cars are white and
12
in a recipe. How much liquid is this? __
3 of the cars are blue. What fraction of the
12 © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

cars in the lot are either white or blue?

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