4. You’re listening to a new CD. You have heard such good music only three times before.

5. Your teacher has forgotten to mark your papers. This is not the first time.

6. The nurse has fallen asleep while on duty. You want to know if it has happened before.

7. Your grandma has been taken to hospital. It has happened nine times before.

Rozdział ten kończymy solidną dawką kolejnych ćwiczeń, w których pojawia się także
czas PS. Dlaczego? Ponieważ – jak zapewne zauważyłeś – częściowo dzieli on pole z czasem
PP, przy czym różnica między nimi jest taka, że PS opisuje teraźniejszość w żaden sposób
niezwiązaną z przeszłością, natomiast PP preferuje przypadki, w których taki związek
występuje, np.
Peter Green is the president of our company.
Peter Green has been the president of our company for half a year.

Ćwiczenie 24. Dla czasowników w nawiasach wybierz czas PP, PtS lub PS.

1. A lot of things ………………… (happen) since I ………………… (get) married. One of them
is that I ………………… (get) fatter.
2. A lot of things ………………… (happen) every day. For example, yesterday three children
………………… (go) missing not far away from where I ………………… (live).
3. My friend Roy ………………… (move) to Warsaw in October. He ………………… (live) there
since then, which means he ………………… (live) there since he ………………… (move) in.
4. They ………………… (be) to Poland many times so far. They ………………… (be) there when
Poland ………………… (join) the European Union. They ………………… (want) to see the
process from the Polish perspective.
5. They ………………… (be) in Poland for two months now. They ………………… (be) here for
two months last year, too. They must like our country.
6. They are not in the country at the moment. They ………………… (go) to Croatia on
holiday. They ………………… (be) there for two weeks. They won’t be back until two
weeks from now, so come back then, if you want to talk to them in person.
7. My father ………………… (know) my mother very well. He ………………… (know) her for
29 years. They ………………… (meet) in 1985.
8. We ………………… (just, come) back from school. We ………………… (not, do) anything
yet. We ………………… (not, have) the time.
9. Don’t ask where he ………………… (be) last night. He won’t tell you.

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10. Don’t ask where he ………………… (be). He won’t tell you. He never ………………… (tell)
people where he ………………… (be), even if they ………………… (not, see) him for a while,
and ………………… (ask) him about it.
11. We ………………… (come) back from school in the afternoon. Then, we …………………
(play) a little, and after that we ………………… (do) our homework.
12. I ………………… (see) our teacher yesterday, and he ………………… (tell) me about it.
That’s how I ………………… (learn) the secret.
13. ………………… (they, ever, be) to a real temple?
14. I ………………… (never, have) a daughter because I ………………… (never, have) a wife.
I ………………… (not, get) married when I was younger, and then I ………………… (be) too
busy making a career. Now it’s too late for anything.
15. We ………………… (go) to the mountains last winter, but we ………………… (never, see)
a bear. They ………………… (be) all asleep. Our kids ………………… (never, see) a bear, and
that’s why we ………………… (want) to show them one, but we ………………… (have) no
luck.
16. When I was ill, I ………………… (take) five aspirins a day. Some think that …………………
………………… (be x2) too much, but I ………………… (not, have) any bad reactions then,
and ………………… (not, have) any since.
17. “ ………………… (you, feel) dizzy yesterday?” “I certainly ………………… (do). I …………………
(not, usually, drink) so much wine.”
18. Nothing special ………………… (happen) this month, and nothing special …………………
(happen) in January, either.
19. The kid ………………… (lose) the key, and can’t get into the house. He …………………
(lose) three keys this month.
20. My friend ………………… (just, move) to Warsaw. It’s the third time he ………………… (move)
in his life.
21. Freddy Mercury, of Queen, ………………… (sing) like an angel. He ………………… (be)
really a great singer.
22. The teacher ………………… (leave) just after the concert. No one ………………… (see)
where he ………………… (go) from there. And no one ………………… (see) him ever since.
23. We ………………… (come) back from school at five, so we usually ………………… (not, have)
much time left to play. That’s what our typical day is like. Quite boring, we would say.
24. She ………………… (already, hear) about it, and ………………… (know) all the facts. Her
brother ………………… (tell) her yesterday.
25. We ………………… (see) the Great Wall when we ………………… (be) in China last spring.
It’s wonderful because there are so many people in the world who ………………… (never,
(see) it, and probably never will.
26. Pope John Paul II ………………… (visit) Poland many times. Not many popes …………………
(travel) as much as he ………………… (do).

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27. I'm not going to school today. I ………………… (not, do) my homework. I know it’s not the
first time I ………………… (not, do) it, but I can’t help it. I need some time for myself, too.
28. She ………………… (never, go) to school if she ………………… (not, do) her homework.
29. John always ………………… (do) his homework just after dinner, and that’s what he
………………… (do) yesterday.
30. Bob is not here. He ………………… (go) to the shop. He ………………… (need) some
ketchup.
31. Bob ………………… (go) to the shop, and now he is back. He ………………… (be) to the
shops, and ………………… (have) everything he ………………… (need) now.
32. We ………………… (give) him our last penny. We have no money left.
33. She ………………… (not, read) the book. She is ill. It isn’t the first time she …………………
(fall) ill. It ………………… (happen) many times before. She ………………… (be) allergic to
pollen, which flowers ………………… (produce) a lot of at this time of year.
34. She ………………… (not, read) the book when she ………………… (be) ill. She was too
weak to do it.
35. My neighbour ………………… (be) to Iraq at least three times. His son …………………
(marry) an Iraqi girl, and he ………………… (visit) him every other year.
36. We ………………… (come) about 30 minutes ago, so we ………………… (be) here for about
30 minutes.
37. The writer ………………… (write) a new book. It’s fantastic. He ………………… (write) a lot
of interesting books so far. Only his first book ………………… (be) less popular because
people ………………… (not, know) his talent for writing then.
38. We ………………… (make) a trip to London on holiday. We ………………… (see) so much.
We ………………… (never, see) more on any other trip since then.
39. They ………………… (go) straight home after the concert last night. They …………………
(not, stop) on the way.
40. She ………………… (not, see) him for three months. Where ………………… (he, be) so
long? Will they ever meet again?
41. The teacher ………………… (come). He is waiting in the room.
42. He ………………… (go) to Madrid last May. He ………………… (take) lots of pictures of the
Spanish monuments.
43. Oh no! The cat ………………… (eat) my lunch. It’s the fifth time it ………………… (do) that.
I’m really fed up.
44. I ………………… (go) to Glasgow on a school trip in February. It ………………… (be) cold.
45. We ………………… (sell) our old car, and ………………… (not, have) one at the moment.
46. You can wash up now. Everybody ………………… (eat) their lunch, and ………………… (go)
out of the kitchen.
47. The police ………………… (push) the door open without knocking. They …………………
(want) the man alive.

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48. My son ………………… (always, leave) home at 7.30. He ………………… (leave) at 7.30 this
morning, too. He ………………… (never, be) late for school. He ………………… (always, be)
on time since he (become) a student.
49. I ………………… (not, hear) from him since he ………………… (leave) for London. It means
I ………………… (not, hear) from him since he ………………… (be) in England. It’s the first
time he ………………… (not, write) or ………………… (give) me a call for so long.
50. “Where ………………… (she, be) so long?”
“She ………………… (be) out to a café.”
“ ………………… (anyone, invite) her, or ………………… (she, go) on her own?”
“Her boyfriend ………………… (ask) her out this time. It is the first time he …………………
(do) it. Let’s hope it won’t be the last.”

Ćwiczenie 25. Podaj parafrazę poniższych zdań, używając czasów PP, PtS lub PS.
Symbol „x2” oznacza, że powinieneś to zrobić w dwóch różnych czasach. Możesz
używać since i for. Niekiedy będziesz musiał zmienić czasownik na inny.

Przykład:
The last time she milked her cow was five hours ago.
She hasn’t milked her cow for five hours.

We have been in this room for ten minutes. (x2; w jednym przypadku zmień czasownik)
We are in this room. / We walked into this room ten minutes ago.

1. The last time I saw my neighbour was a week ago.

2. The last time our football team played so well was in 2005.

3. It was some time ago that I read about it.

4. We haven’t been to the opera for three years. (użyj go)

5. I have had this book for a month now. (x2; w jednym przypadku zmień czasownik)

6. My parents last went on holiday when I was seven. (użyj be)

7. I haven’t had such a good time since I left kindergarten.

8. There’s a message from someone for you. (zmień czasownik i zacznij od: Someone…)

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Ćwiczenie 35. Dla czasowników w nawiasach wybierz czas PP lub PPC.

1. My husband ………………… (not, come) back yet. He ………………… (work) longer since
May.
2. She ………………… (try) to understand the difference between PP and PPC for many weeks
now.
3. Ann ………………… (write) to Bob twice, but ………………… (not, receive) a reply yet.
4. “What ………………… (you, do) all day?”
“I'm afraid I ………………… (not, do) much. I ………………… (only, take) the dog out.”
5. You look tired. Where ………………… (you, be)? What ………………… (you, do)?
6. Where is my cake? I left it on the table a minute ago, and someone ………………… (eat) it.
7. Just look at my cake. I left a big piece a minute ago, and now there’s only a little left.
Someone ………………… (eat) it.
8. Dick ………………… (paint) landscapes since he left Warsaw. He ………………… (paint) ten.
9. How long ………………… (you, have) that car? My wife ………………… (be) crazy about
getting something like that for years.
10. She ………………… (listen) to music for an hour. She ………………… (not, finish) yet.
11. Farmers ………………… (wait) for rain since the beginning of May. It ………………… (not,
rain) here for at least three months.
12. He ………………… (not, be) here since Christmas. I wonder where he ………………… (live)
since then.
13. We ………………… (learn) English for three years, but some of us ………………… (not,
learn) it yet.
14. How long ………………… (you, wait) for them? How many hours ………………… (pass)
since you ………………… (be) here?
15. Thanks, I’m not hungry. I ………………… (have) my breakfast.
16. What ………………… (you, do) all day? ………………… (you, just, sleep)?
17. She ………………… (work) so hard this week that she ………………… (not, have) the time
to go to the hairdresser’s.
18. We ………………… (do) the new book since last February, and we ………………… (do) 76
pages.
19. Do you know where she ………………… (be) and what she ………………… (do) so long?
20. The girl ………………… (look) for her doll since breakfast, but ………………… (not, find) it
yet.
21. I ………………… (watch) my new Sony TV for two hours now. I ………………… (have) it
since May.
22. We ………………… (eat) a lot ever since we arrived here. We ………………… (eat) all there
was in the fridge.

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23. The thief is out of breath. He ………………… (run) away from the police. He …………………
(steal) something again.
24. I can’t recognise your room. What ………………… (you, do) to it?
25. Why is your room in such a mess? What ………………… (you, do)?
26. We can’t invite you to our place this weekend. We ………………… (paint) the living room.
27. Our living room looks so great because we ………………… (paint) it at last.
28. There’s no milk left in the fridge. Someone ………………… (drink) all of it.
29. I think there’s some milk on your shirt. ………………… (you, drink) any?
30. We ………………… (wait) for her since she ………………… (have) lunch in the café. She
………………… (have) three cheese sandwiches and ………………… (drink) three cups of
tea. How much more can she eat?

Ćwiczenie 36. Wyciągnij wnioski z poniższych sytuacji i zapisz je w czasie PP lub PPC.
Wykorzystaj nasze podpowiedzi w nawiasach. Oznaczenie „x2” informuje o dwóch
możliwych czasach w danym kontekście.

Przykłady:
The girl walked into the room ten minutes ago. She is still there. (wait)
The girl has been waiting in the room for ten minutes.

The doctor started to examine patients two hours ago. Ten patients are no longer waiting.
(examine x2)
The doctor has been examining patients for two hours, and has examined ten of them.

1. The doctor started to examine the patient five minutes ago. The patient is still in.
(examine)

2. The girl is in the room. She is smoking a third cigarette. She walked in 15 minutes ago.
(smoke x2)

3. She couldn’t cook very well. Now she’s one of the best cooks here. (learn to cook)

4. She started learning cooking last year. She still cannot cook. (learn cooking / not learn
to cook)

5. My parents are running a hotel. They opened it in 2005. (run)

6. This is my parents’ first business ever. (zacznij od: This is… i użyj run)

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