MOUNT ST. MARY’S SCHOOL, DELHI CANTT.

SYLLABUS FOR ACADEMIC SESSION( 2024-2025)

CLASS –XII
PHYSICS

CHAPTER NO. TOPIC

1 ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS
2 ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE
3 CURRENT ELECTRICITY
4 MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM
5 MAGNETISM AND MATTER
6 ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
7 ALTERNATING CURRENT
8 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
9 RAY OPTICS AND OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
10 WAVE OPTICS
11 DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER
12 ATOMS
13 NUCLEI
14 SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS

SYLLABUS DISTRIBUTION

1. PRE-TERM-I(MAY): CHAPTERS: 1,2

2. CYCLIC TEST : ( Syllabus will be informed later)
3. FIRST TERM(SEPTEMBER): CHAPTERS: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8.
4. PRE-BOARD-I: CHAPTERS:4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11
5. PRE-BOARD-II: CHAPTERS: 1,2,3,11,12,13,14
6. PRE-BOARD- III: Entire syllabus (1 to 14)

Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields: Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb's
law-force between two- point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle
and continuous charge distribution. Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric
field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric
field. Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to find field due to
infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin
spherical shell (field inside and outside).
Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Electric potential, potential difference,
electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces,
electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of electric dipole in an
electrostatic field. Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor.
Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in
series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric
medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only).
Chapter–3: Current Electricity Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic
conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current; Ohm's law, V-I
characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and
conductivity, temperature dependence of resistance, Internal resistance of a cell, potential
difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff's rules,
Wheatstone bridge.
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment.
Biot - Savart law and its application to the current carrying circular loop. Ampere's law and its
applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only qualitative treatment), force
on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Force on a current-carrying
conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel current-carrying
conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field;
Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, moving coil galvanometer-
its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid
(qualitative treatment only), magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along
its axis and perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only), torque on a magnetic dipole
(bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field lines.
Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro - magnetic substances with examples,
Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties.
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction Electromagnetic induction; Faraday's laws, induced
EMF and current; Lenz's Law, Self and mutual induction. Chapter–7: Alternating Current
Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and
impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor,
wattless current. AC generator, Transformer.
Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic
waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature (qualitative idea only). Electromagnetic
spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including
elementary facts about their uses.
Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Ray Optics: Reflection of light, spherical
mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction
at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s formula, magnification, power of a
lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism. Optical
instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their
magnifying powers.
Chapter–10: Wave Optics Wave optics: Wavefront and Huygen’s principle, reflection and
refraction of plane waves at a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and
refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference, Young's double slit experiment and expression
for fringe width (No derivation final expression only), coherent sources and sustained
interference of light, diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maxima (qualitative
treatment only).
Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric
effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation-particle nature of light.
Experimental study of photoelectric effect Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie
relation.
Chapter–12: Atoms Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr
model of hydrogen atom, Expression for radius of nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of
electron in nth orbit, hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment only).
Chapter–13: Nuclei Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force Mass-energy relation, mass
defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear
fusion.
Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits Energy
bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only) Intrinsic and
extrinsic semiconductors- p and n type, p-n junction Semiconductor diode - I-V characteristics in
forward and reverse bias, application of junction diode -diode as a rectifier.
PRACTICALS
The record to be submitted by the students at the time of their annual examination has to include:
1. Record of at least 8 Experiments [with 4 from each section], to be performed by the students.
2. Record of at least 6 Activities [with 3 each from section A and section B], to be performed by
the students.
3. The Report of the project carried out by the students.
Experiments SECTION–A
1. To determine resistivity of two / three wires by plotting a graph for potential difference versus
current.
2. To find resistance of a given wire / standard resistor using a metre bridge.
3. To verify the laws of combination (series) of resistances using a metre bridge.
OR
To verify the laws of combination (parallel) of resistances using a metre bridge.
4. To determine resistance of a galvanometer by half-deflection method and to find its figure of
merit.
5. To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into a voltmeter
of desired range and to verify the same.
OR
To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into an ammeter of
desired range and to verify the same.
6. To find the frequency of AC mains with a sonometer.
Activities
1. To measure the resistance and impedance of an inductor with or without iron core.
2. To measure resistance, voltage (AC/DC), current (AC) and check continuity of a given circuit
using a multimeter.
3. To assemble a household circuit comprising three bulbs, three (on/off) switches, a fuse and a
power source.
4. To assemble the components of a given electrical circuit.
5. To study the variation in potential drop with length of a wire for a steady current.
6. To draw the diagram of a given open circuit comprising at least a battery, resistor/rheostat,
key, ammeter and voltmeter. Mark the components that are not connected in proper order and
correct the circuit and also the circuit diagram.
SECTION-B Experiments
1. To find the value of v for different values of u in case of a concave mirror and to find the focal
length.
2. To find the focal length of a convex mirror, using a convex lens.
3. To find the focal length of a convex lens by plotting graphs between u and v or between 1/u
and 1/v.
4. To find the focal length of a concave lens, using a convex lens.
5. To determine angle of minimum deviation for a given prism by plotting a graph between angle
of incidence and angle of deviation.
6. To determine the refractive index of a glass slab using a traveling microscope.
7. To find the refractive index of a liquid using a convex lens and plane mirror.
8. To find the refractive index of a liquid using a concave mirror and a plane mirror.
9. To draw the I-V characteristic curve for a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias.
Activities
1. To identify a diode, an LED, a resistor and a capacitor from a mixed collection of such items.
2. Use a multimeter to see the unidirectional flow of current in case of a diode and an LED and
check whether a given electronic component (e.g., diode) is in working order.
3. To study the effect of intensity of light (by varying distance of the source) on an LDR.
4. To observe refraction and lateral deviation of a beam of light incident obliquely on a glass
slab.
5. To observe diffraction of light due to a thin slit.
6. To study the nature and size of the image formed by a (i) convex lens, or (ii) concave mirror,
on a screen by using a candle and a screen (for different distances of the candle from the
lens/mirror).
7. To obtain a lens combination with the specified focal length by using two lenses from the
given set of lenses.