PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

JALANDHAR
Max. Marks: 90 Time: 90 Mins.
Entrance Test for Enrollment in Ph.D. Programme
Important Instructions
 Fill all the information in various columns, in capital letters, with blue/black ball point pen.
 Use of calculators is not allowed. Use Blue/Black ball point pen for attempting the questions.
 All questions are compulsory. No negative marking for wrong answers.
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 Each question has only one right answer.
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Stream (Engg./Arch./Pharm./Mgmt./App.Sci./Life Sci.) Engineering
Discipline Electronics
Name
Father’s Name
Roll No. Date: 15-01-2011
Signature of Candidate
Signature of Invigilator

Q. 1 The System Of linear equations has Q. 5 The primary reason for the widespread use of
Silicon in semiconductor device technology is
4x + 2y = 7
(a) abundance of Silicon on the surface of earth
2x + y = 6
(b) large band gap of Silicon in comparison to
(a) a unique solution
Germanium
(b) no solution
(c) favorable properties of Silicon-dioxide (SiO2)
(c) an infinite number of solutions
(d) lower melting point
(d) exactly two distinct solutions
Q. 6 The effect of current shunt feedback in an
Q. 2 The equation sin(z) = 10 has amplifier is to
(a) increase the input resistance and decrease the
(a) no real or complex solution
output resistance
(b) exactly two distinct complex solutions
(b)increase both input and output resistances
(c) a unique solution
(c) decrease both the input and output resistances
(d) an infinite number of complex solutions
(d) decrease the input resistance and increase the
Q. 3 Which of the following is NOT associated with output resistance
a p-n junction
(a) junction capacitance Q. 7 The cascade amplifier is a multistage
configuration of
(b) charge storage capacitance (a) CC-CB
(c) depletion capacitance (b) CE-CB
(d) channel length modulation (c) CB-CC
Q. 4 A Silicon PN junction at a temperature of 20C (d) CE-CC
has a reverse saturation current of 10 pico-amperes Q. 8 Decimal 43 in hexadecimal and BCD number
(pA). The reverse saturation at 40 C for the same system is respectively
bias is approximately (a) B2, 0100 0010
(a) 30pA (b) 2B, 0100 0011
(b) 40pA (c) 2B, 0011 0100
(c) 50pA (d) B2, 0100 0100
(d) 60pA

Ph.D. Entrance Test Paper (Dec.2010) 1|Page

PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, JALANDHAR
Q. 9 Which of the following analog modulation Q. 16 An AM signal and a narrow –band FM signal
scheme requires the minimum transmitted power and with identical carriers, modulating signals and
the minimum channel bandwidth? modulation indices of 0.1 are added together. The resultant
(a) VSB signal can be closely approximated by
(b) DSB-SC (a) Broadband FM
(c) SSB (b) SSB with carrier
(d) AM (c) DSB-SC
Q. 10Despite the presence of negative feedback, (d) SSB without carrier
control systems still have problems of instability
because the Q. 17 A 0 to 6 counter consists of 3 flip flops and a
(a) Components used have nonlinearities combination circuit of 2 input gate(s). The
combination circuit consists of
(b) Mathematical analysis involves approximations (a) one AND gate
(c) Dynamic equations of the subsystems are not (b) one OR gate
known exactly (c) one AND gate and one OR gate
(d) System has large negative phase angle at high (d) two And gates
frequencies.
Q. 11 The impurity commonly used for realizing the Q. 18 The output of the 74 series of TTL gates is
base region of a silicon n-p-n transistor is taken from a BJT in
(a) Gallium (a) Totem pole and common collector configuration

(b) Indium (b) Either totem pole or open collector configuration

(c) Boron (c) Common base configuration

(d) Phosphorous (d) Common collector configuration

Q. 12 If for a silicon n-p-n transistor, the base-to- Q. 19 The minimum number of comparators
emitter voltage (VBE)is 0.7 V and the collector –to- required to build an 8 bit flash ADC is
base voltage (VCB) is 0.2 V ,then the transistor is (a) 8
operating in the
(b) 63
(a) Normal active mode
(c) 255
(b) Saturation mode
(d) 256
(c) Inverse active mode
(d) Cutoff mode Q. 20 A PD controller is used to compensate a
system .Compared to the uncompensated system has
Q. 13 An ideal op-amp is an ideal (a) a higher type number
(a) Voltage controlled current source (b) reduced damping
(b) Voltage controlled voltage source (c) higher noise amplification
(c) Current controlled current source (d) larger transient overshoot
(d) Current controlled voltage source
Q. 21 The bandgap of silicon at 300K is
Q. 14 A digital system is required to amplify a
binary-encoded audio signal .The user should be able (a) 1.36eV
to control the gain of the amplifier from a minimum (b) 1.10eV
to a maximum in 100 increments. The minimum
number of bits required to encode , in straight (c) 0.80eV
binary,is (d) 0.67eV
(a) 8
(b) 6 Q. 22 The input to a coherent detector is DSB-SC
signal plus noise. The noise at the detector output is
(c) 5 (a) the in-phase component
(d) 7 (b) the quadrature-component
Q. 15 The Fourier transform of a conjugate (c) zero
symmetric function is always (d) the envelope
(a) imaginary
(b) Conjugate anti-symmetric
(c) real
(d) Conjugate symmetric

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Q. 23 The noise at the input to an ideal frequency Q. 29 In an 8085 microprocessor, the instruction
detector is white. The detector is operating above CMP B has been executed while the content of the
threshold. The power spectral density of the noise at accumulator is less than that of register B. As a result
the output is (a) Carry flag will be set but Zero flag will be reset
(a) raised-cosine
(b) Carry flag will be reset but Zero flag will be set
(b) Flat
(c) Both Carry flag and Zero flag will be reset
(c) Parabolic
(d) Both Carry flag and Zero flag will be set
(d) Gaussian
Q. 30 Twelve 1Ω resistance are used as edges to
Q. 24 At a given probability of error, binary from a cube. The resistance between two diagonally
coherent FSK is inferior to binary coherent PSK by opposite corners of the cube
(a) 6dB (a) 5/6Ω
(b) 3dB (b) 1Ω
(c) 2dB (c) 6/5Ω
(d) 0dB (d) 3/2Ω

Q. 25 The depth of penetration of electromagnetic Q. 31What should be the oscillator frequency for
wave in a medium having conductivity σ at a tuning in 90 MHz on a FM radio with 110.7 MHz
frequency of 1 MHz is 25 cm. The depth of a IF?
penetration at a frequency of 4MHz will be (a) 100.7 MHz
(a) 6.25 cm
(b) 10.7 MHz
(b) 12.50 cm
(c) 91.7 MHz
(c) 50.00cm
(d) 79.3 MHz
(d) 100.00cm
Q. 32 According to Hartley’s law
Q. 26 A series RLC circuit has a resonance
(a) The maximum rate of information depends on
frequency of 1 kHz and a quality factor Q=100. If
each of R,L and C is doubled from its original value, the channel bandwidth
the new Q of the circuit is
(b) The maximum rate of information transmission
(a) 25
depends on the depth of modulation
(b) 50
(c) Redundancy is essential
(c) 100
(d) Only binary code may be used
(d) 200
Q. 33 The dynamic range of a PCM encoder with 10
Q. 27 A 4-bit ripple counter and a 4 bit synchronous
bit code words for a minimum SQR of 35dB is
counter are made using flip flops having a
(a) 60 dB
propagation delay of 10 ns each. If the worst case
delay in the ripple counter and the synchronous (b) 70 dB
counter be R and S respectively, then
(c) 25 dB
(a) R=10 ns S=40 ns
(d) 27 dB
(b) R=40 ns S=10 ns
(c) R=10ns S=30 ns Q. 34 Speech amplifiers are usually operated as
(d) R=30 ns S=10 ns (a) Class A
(b) Class B
Q. 28 Three identical amplifiers with each one
having a voltage gain of 50, input resistance of 1KΩ (c) Class C
and output resistance of 250Ω, are cascaded. The
(d) Class AB
open circuit voltage gain of the combined amplifier
is
Q. 35 Frequency divider is
(a) 49 dB
(a) Locked oscillator divider
(b) 51 dB
(b) Bistable multivibrator divider
(c) 98 dB
(c) Astable multivibrator divider
(d) 102 dB
(d) Regenerative divider

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PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, JALANDHAR
Q. 36 The effective height of a vertical quarter wave Q. 43 If f1(t) and f2(t) are duration limited signal
radiator can be increased by such that
(a) Loading with lumped inductance f1(t) ≠ 0 for 1 < t < 3=0 elsewhere
f2(t) ≠ 0 for 5 < t < 7=0 elsewhere,
(b) Capacitive hat
then the convolution of f1(t) and f2(t) is zero
(c) Supporting on an insulator everywhere except for
(a) 1< t <7
(d) Pumping more power
(b) 3< t <5
Q. 37 In a telephone exchange serving 6400
(c) 5< t <21
subscribers .The number of calls originating per hour
during peak hr is 8315. The calling rate is (d) 6< t <10
(a) 8315
Q. 44 Which one of the following difference
(b) 1.3
equations is non-recursive ?[y(k)=output;
(c) 0.77 u(k)=input]
(a) y(k+2)+2y(k+1)-3y(k)=u(k+1)
(d) 6400
(b) y(k+1)+y(k)=u(k+1)+2u(k)+u(k-1)
Q. 38 The spectral density of white noise is
(c) y(k+1)+y(k)=u(k+1)+u(k)+u(k-1)
(a) Exponential
(d) y(k+1)+y(k)=u(k+1)+3u(k)+u(k-1)
(b) Uniform
Q. 45 A periodic voltage having the Fourier series
(c) Poission
v(t)=1+4sinwt+2coswt volts is applied across a one-
(d) Gaussian ohm resistor. The power dissipated in the one-ohm
resistor is
Q. 39 In a DM (delta modulation) system, the (a) 1 W
granular (idling ) noise occurs when the
(b) 11 W
(a) modulation signal increases rapidly
(c) 21 W
(b) pulse rate decreases
(d) 24.5 W
(c) modulating signal remains constant
(d) pulse amplitude decreases Q. 46 A continuous-time system is governed by the
equation
Q. 40 To increase the radar range of ground and the 3y3(t)+2y2(t)+y(t)=x2(t)+x(t)
surface targets to see well beyond the normal radar
{y(t) and x(t) respectively are output and input }.
horizon, the electromagnetic wave propagation
adopted is The system is
(a) Ionospheric scatter
(a) linear and dynamic
(b) Troposcatter
(b) linear and non-dynamic
(c) Ground wave propagation
(c) non-linear and dynamic
(d) Duct
(d) non-linear and non-dynamic
Q. 41 Long wave AM broadcast transmitters need
Q. 47 Which one of the following system is a casual
(a) very large carrier power system? [y(t) is output and u(t) is an input step
function]
(b) large carrier power
(a) y(t)=sin[u(t+3)]
(c) small carrier power
(b) y(t)=5u(t)+3u(t-1)
(d) very small carrier power
(c) y(t)=5u(t)+3u(t+1)
Q. 42 The noise figure of an amplifier is 3dB. Its (d) y(t)=sin[u(t-3)]+sin[u(t+3)]
noise temperature will be about
Q. 48 Effective impedance in parallel resonance is
(a) 145K given by
(a) R
(b) 290K
(b) L/CR
(c) 580K
(c) C/LR
(d) 870K
(d) LC/R

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PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, JALANDHAR
Q. 49 A minimum reactance function is one which Q. 56 A transmission line has reflection coefficient
has equal to 0.5.The VSWR is
(a) no zeros at origin (a) 3
(b) no poles at origin (b) 0
(c) no zeros on imaginary axis (c) 2
(d) no poles on imaginary axis (d) 1

Q. 50 Generator action can be explained by Q. 57 Thermionic emission of electrons results from

(a) Ohm’s law (a) photovoltaic effect
(b) Kirchhoff’s law (b) electrostatic fields
(c) Lenz’s law (c) high temperatures
(d) Newton’s law (d) strong magnetic fields

Q. 51 An electric network with 8 independent nodes

Q. 58 A zener diode when biased correctly
will have
(a) 8 nodal equations (a) never overheats
(b) 7 nodal equations (b) acts as a fixed voltage
(c) 9 nodal equations (c) has a constant voltage across it
(d) 4 nodal equations (d) has a constant current passing through it

Q. 52 The Laplace transformation method enables Q. 59 A PIN diode is frequently used as

one to find the response of a network in (a) harmonic generator
(a) the transient state only (b) peak clipper
(b) the steady state only (c) voltage regulator
(c) both transient and steady states (d) switching diode for frequencies into GHz range
(d) the transient state provided sinusoidal forcing
Q. 60 The primary control on drain current in a
functions do not exist
JFET, is exerted by which of the following
Q. 53 A capacitor used for a power factor correction
(a) gate reverse bias
in single-phase circuit decreases
(a) the power factor (b) channel resistances
(b) the line current (c) voltage drop across channel
(c) both the line current and the power factor (d) size of depletion regions
(d) the line current and increase power factor
Q. 61 Satellite used for intercontinental
communication are known as
Q. 54 A low-pass filter circuit is basically
(a) Comsat
(a) a differentiating circuit with low time constant
(b) Domsat
(b) a differentiating circuit with large time constant
(c) Marisat
(c) an integrating circuit with low time constant
(d) Intelsat
(d) an integrating circuit with large time constant
Q. 62 A supergroup pilot is
Q. 55 The poles and zeros of a driving-point
(a) applied at each multiplexing bay
function of a network are simple and interlace on the
negative real axis with a pole closest to the origin. It (b) used to regulate the gain of individual repeaters
can be realized
(c) applied at each adjustable-equalizer
(a) by an LC network
(d) fed in at a GTE
(b) as an RC driving-point impedence
(c) as an RC driving –point admittance Q. 63 Higher order TDM levels are obtained by
(d) only by RLC network (a) dividing pulse widths
(b) using the α-law
(c) using the µ-law
(d) forming super master groups

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PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, JALANDHAR
Q. 64 Losees in optical fibers can be caused by Q. 71 The first partial derivative of z=x3 + y2 -3axy2
(indicate the false statements) with respect to x is
(a) impurities (a) 3x2-3ay2
(b) microbending (b) 2y-6axy
(c) attenuation in the glass (c) 3x2+2y-3ay2
(d) stepped index operation (d) 3x2-6axy

Q. 65 Indicate the noise whose source is in a Q. 72 The maximum value of directional derivative
category different from that of the other three of the function µ=2x2+3y2+5z2 at a point (1,1,-1) is
(a) Solar noise (a) 10
(b) Cosmic noise (b) -4
(c) Atmospheric noise (c) √152
(d) Galactic noise (d) 152

Q. 66 The channel capacity of a band limited Q. 73 The magnitude of gradient of gradient of the
Gaussian channel is (B is the channel bandwidth)
function f=xyz3 at (1,0,2)
(a) C= Blog2S/N
(a) 0
(b) C= (log2S/N)/B
(b) 3
(c) C= Blog2(1+S/N)bit/sec
(c) 8
(d) C= Blog2(1+S/N)
(d) ∞
Q. 67 A communication channel distributed by
additive white Gaussian noise has a bandwidth w Q. 74 The sum of infinite series 1+1/2+1/3+
and a bandwidth of 4KHz and SNR of 15. The
(a) ᴨ
highest transmission rate that such a channel can
support (in K-bit/sec) is (b) ∞
(a) 16
(c) 4
(b) 1.6
(d) ᴨ2/4
(c) 3.2
(d) 60 Q. 75 We wish to solve x2-2=0 by Newton Raphson
technique. Let the initial guess be x0=1.0.
Q. 68 A radar is to have a maximum range of 60 Subsequent estimate of x(x1) will be
km. The minimum allowable PRF for unambiguous (a) 1.414
reception is
(b) 1.5
(a) 2500µs
(c) 2
(b) 100PPS
(d) None
(c) 2500PPS
(d) 5000PPS Q. 76 In the gauss-elimination method for solving a
system of linear algebraic equations triangularisation
Q. 69 The most probable bandwidth of a leads to
transplander in a satellite communication system is (a) Diagonal matrix
(a) 10 MHz
(b) Lower triangular matrix
(b) 10 GHz
(c) Upper triangular matrix
(c) 36 MHz
(d) singular matrix
(d) 1 MHz
Q. 77 A product is 0.5% defective and is packed in
Q. 70 A PLL can be used to demodulate
cartoon of 100.What will be the mean of such
(a) PAM signals defective cartoon?
(a) 0.5
(b) PCM signals
(b) 1
(c) FM signals
(c) 0.25
(d) DSB-SC signals
(d) 0

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PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, JALANDHAR
Q. 78 In a manufacturing plant the probability of Q. 84 If a sky wave with a frequency of 50 MHz is
making a defective bolt is 0.1. The mean and incident on the D-region at an angle of 80 degrees,
standard deviation of defective bolts in a total of 900 then the angle of refraction is
bolts are respectively (a) 15 degrees
(a) 90,9
(b) 60 degrees
(b) 9,90
(c) 30 degrees
(c) 81,9
(d) 55 degrees
(d) 9,81
Q. 85 A radar receives an echo from a target 20µs
Q. 79 Probability of two friends sharing the same
after sending the signal. The approximate range of
birth month is
(a) 1/6 the target is
(b) 1/12 (a) 300m
(c) 1/144 (b) 3000m
(d) 1/24 (c) 600m
(d) 6000m
Q. 80 The variance analysis is conserved with
(a) Determining change in a dependent variable per Q. 86 The rate at which information can be passed
through a telecommunication channel depends on the
unit change in an independent variable
(a) carrier frequency
(b) Determining whether a quantitative factor affects
(b) bandwidth
the mean of an output variable
(c) transmission loss
(c) Determining whether a significant correlation
(d) transmitter power
exists between an output variable and an input
Q. 87 The input impedance of an S.C loss-less line
variable
of length λ/8 is
(d) Determining whether variances in two or more (a) zero
population are significantly different
(b) resistive
Q. 81 Four voice signals, each limited to a 4KHz (c) inductive
and sampled at Nyquist rate, are converted into
(d) capacitive
binary PCM signal using 256 quantizations levels.
The bit transmission rate for the time division
Q. 88 Coherent demodulation of FSK signal can be
multiplexed signal will be .
effective using
(a) 8 Kbps
(a) Correlation receiver
(b) 64 Kbps
(b) Band pass filters and envelope detector
(c) 256 Kbps
(c) Matched filter
(d) 512 Kbps
(d) Discriminator detector
Q. 82 The trigonometric Fourier series of an even
Q. 89 Source encoding in a data communication
function of time does not have the
system is done in order to
(a) dc term
(a) enhance the information transmission rate
(b) cosine term
(b) reduce the transmission errors
(c) sine term
(c) conserve the transmitted power
(d) odd harmonic term
(d) facilitate clock recovery in the receiver
Q. 83 A band pass signal has significant frequency
Q. 90 convolution of x(t+5) with the impulse
components in the range of 1.5MHz to 2 MHz. If
the signal is to be reconstructed from its samples the function δ(t-7) is equal to
minimum sampling frequency will be
(a) x(t-12)
(a) 1MHz
(b) x(t+12)
(b) 2MHz
(c) x(t-2)
(c) 3.5MHz
(d) x(t+2)
(d) 4MHz

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