81

Chapter 16

Electrostatic Potential and

Capacitance

ASSIGNMENT

Single Choice Type Questions

1. In moving a unit positively charged body from point A to point B, external work done is 40 J and body acquires
a kinetic energy of 20 J. The potential difference, VB – VA, is

(1) 20 V (2) –20 V

(3) 40 V (4) –40 V

2. There are two concentric hollow conducting spherical shells of radii r and R (R > r). The charge on the outer
shell is Q. What charge should be given to the inner shell, so that the potential at a point P, at a distance 2R
from the common centre, is zero?

−Qr −QR
(1) (2)
R r

−2QR
(3) (4) –Q
r

3. There are two concentric conducting shells. The potential of outer shell is 10 V and that of inner shell is 15 V.
If the outer shell is grounded, the potential of inner shell becomes/remains

(1) 25 V (2) 15 V

(3) 10 V (4) 5 V

4. In the circuit shown, the charges on the capacitors A and B are respectively

A B
2C
C C
V

CV CV
(1) CV, CV (2) ,
2 2

CV CV
(3) CV , (4) , CV
2 2

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5. A uniform electric field of 200 V/m is directed at 45° with x-axis as shown in figure. The co-ordinates of point
P and point Q are (1, 0) and (0, 2). Find the potential difference, VP – VQ (in volts).

y (m)

Q
45°
P x (m)

200
(1) (2) 200 2
2

−200
(3) (4) – 200 2
2

6. A parallel plate capacitor, with plate area A and plate separation d, is filled with a dielectric slab as shown.
What is the capacitance of the arrangement?

K d
d
2
A/2

K (K + 3) ε0 A 3 K ε0 A
(1) (2)
2(K + 1) d 4 d

4 K ε0 A  K + 1  ε0 A
(3) (4)  2  d
3 d  

7. In the arrangement shown, the battery is disconnected and a dielectric slab of dielectric constant K is inserted
between the plates of capacitor with capacitance C, so as to completely fill the space. What is the final potential
difference across capacitor with capacitance 2C?

V C 2C

(1) Zero (2) V

3V V
(3) (4)
2+K K +2

8. A capacitor is charged until it stores an energy of 1 J. A second uncharged capacitor is connected to it, so that
charge distributes equally. The final energy stored in the second capacitor is

(1) 1 J (2) 0.5 J

(3) 0.25 J (4) 0.125 J

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9. A long, hollow conducting cylinder is kept coaxially inside another long, hollow conducting cylinder of larger
radius. Both the cylinders are initially electrically neutral.

(1) A potential difference appears between the two cylinders when a charge density is given to the inner
cylinder

(2) A potential difference appears between the two cylinders when a charge density is given to the outer
cylinder

(3) No potential difference appears between the two cylinders when a uniform line charge is kept along the
axis of the cylinders

(4) No potential difference appears between the two cylinders when same charge density is given to both the
cylinders

10. Consider a neutral conducting sphere. A positive point charge is placed outside the sphere. The net charge
on the sphere is then,

(1) Negative and distributed uniformly over the surface of the sphere

(2) Negative and appears only at the point on the sphere closest to the point charge

(3) Negative and distributed non-uniformly over the entire surface of the sphere

(4) Zero

 a  −a 
11. Positive and negative point charges of equal magnitude are kept at  0, 0,  and  0, 0, , respectively.
 2  2 
The work done by the electric field when another positive point charge is moved from (– a, 0, 0) to (0, a, 0) is

(1) Positive

(2) Negative

(3) Zero

(4) Depends on the path connecting the initial and final positions

12. A parallel plate capacitor C with plates of unit area and separation d is filled with a liquid of dielectric constant
d
K = 2. The level of liquid is initially. Suppose the liquid level decreases at a constant speed V, the time
3
constant as a function of time t is

C
d R
d
3

6ε 0 R (15d + 9V t )ε0 R
(1) (2)
5d + 3V t 2d 2 − 3d V t − 9V 2 t 2

6ε0 R (15d − 9V t )ε0 R

(3) (4)
5d − 3V t 2d 2 + 3d V t − 9V 2 t 2

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13. A 2 µF capacitor is charged as shown in the figure. The percentage of its stored energy dissipated after the
switch S is turned to position 2 is
1 2

V 2 µF 8 µF

(1) 0% (2) 20%

(3) 75% (4) 80%
14. In the given circuit, a charge of +80 µC is given to the upper plate of the 4 µF capacitor. Then in the steady
state, the charge on the upper plate of the 3 µF capacitor is

+80 µC
4 µF

2 µF 3 µF

(1) +32 µC (2) +40 µC

(3) +48 µC (4) +80 µC
15. Two point P and Q are maintained at the potentials of 10 V and –4 V respectively. The work done in moving
100 electrons from P to Q is
(1) 9.60 × 10–17 J (2) –2.24 × 10–16 J
(3) 2.24 × 10–16 J (4) – 9.60 × 10–17 J
16. Let C be the capacitance of a capacitor discharging through a resistor R. Suppose t1 is the time taken for the
energy stored in the capacitor to reduce to half its initial value and t2 is the time taken for the charge to reduce
t1
to one-fourth its initial value. Then the ratio will be
t2
(1) 2 (2) 1
1 1
(3) (4)
2 4
17. Two capacitors C1 and C2 are charged to 120 V and 200 V respectively. It is found that by connecting them
together the potential on each one can be made zero. Then
(1) 5C1 = 3C2 (2) 3C1 = 5C2
(3) 3C1 + 5C2 = 0 (4) 9C1 = 4C2
18. A uniformly charged solid sphere of radius R has potential V0 (measured with respect to ¥) on its surface. For
3V0 5V0 3V0 V
this sphere the equipotential surfaces with potentials , , and 0 have radius R1, R2, R3 and R4
2 4 4 4
respectively. Then
(1) R1 = 0 and R2 > (R4 – R3) (2) R1 ≠ 0 and (R2 – R1) > (R4 – R3)
(3) R1 = 0 and R2 < (R4 – R3) (4) 2R > R4

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19. Three concentric metal shells A, B and C of respective radii a, b and c (a < b < c) have surface charge densities
+s, –s and +s respectively. The potential of shell B is

σ  a2 – b2  σ  a2 – b2 
(1)  + c (2)  + c
ε0  a  ε0  b 

σ  b2 – c 2  σ  b2 – c 2 
(3)  + a (4)  + a
ε0  b  ε0  c 

Assertion-Reason Type Questions

This section contains 2 questions. Each question contains STATEMENT-1 (Assertion) and STATEMENT-2
(Reason). Each question has 4 choices (1), (2), (3) and (4) out of which ONLY ONE is correct.
(1) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1
(2) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1
(3) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
(4) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True
20. STATEMENT-1 : If distance between plates of charged and isolated parallel plate capacitor increases then
force between plates decreases.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Force between two point charges is inversely proportional to the square of distance of
separation.
21. STATEMENT-1 : When two isolated charged metal spheres are touched with each other potential energy of
system may decrease.
and
STATEMENT-2 : There may be transfer of charge from one to other after touching.
22. This question contains Statement-1 and statement-2. Of the four choices given after the statements, choose
the one that best describes the two statements.
Statement 1 : For a charged particle moving from point P to point Q, the net work done by an electrostatic field
on the particle is independent of the path connecting point P to point Q.
Statement 2 : The net work done by a conservative force on an object moving along a closed loop is zero.
(1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is the correct explanation of Statment-1.
(2) Statment-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is not the correct explanation of Statement-1.
(3) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true.
(4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.
Numerical Value Type Questions
23. A 5 mF capacitor is charged fully by a 220 V supply. It is then disconnected from the supply and is connected
X
in series to another uncharged 2.5 mF capacitor. If the energy change during the charge redistribution is J
100
then value of X to the nearest integer is _____.
24. 27 similar drops of mercury are maintained at 10 V each. All these spherical drops combine into a single big
drop. The potential energy of the bigger drop is ______ times that of a smaller drop.

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3
25. Four identical rectangular plates with length, l = 2 units and breadth, b = units are arranged as shown in
2
x ε0
figure. The equivalent capacitance between A and C is units. The value of x is _______. (Round off to the
d
nearest integer)

26. A 2 mF capacitor C1 is first charged to a potential difference of 10 V using a battery. Then the battery is
removed and the capacitor is connected to an uncharged capacitor C2 of 8 mF. The charge on C2 in equilibrium
condition is______mC. (Round off to the nearest Integer)

27. A metal sphere A of radius 1 m is charged to a potential of 20 V. What will be its potential
(in volt) when it is enclosed by a spherical conducting shell B of radius 2 m and two are connected by a wire?

28. A system consisting of two non-conducting hollow sphere of radius R and 2R respectively separated by
distance d = 6R (center to center). If + q and – q charges are distributed uniformly over the surfaces of these
7kq 2 N  1 
sphere, then electrostatic potential energy of the system comes out . Find the value of .  k = 
NR 5  4πε0 
29. A capacitor of capacitance C1 = 1.0 µF has a breakdown voltage of 6.0 kV, while of capacitor C2 = 2.0 µF has
breakdown voltage of 4.0 kV. Breakdown voltage of series combination of these two in (kV) is
30. Figure shows a capacitance circuit. If charge Q (in µC) flow through the switch when switch is closed then
Q
value of is_____.
6
200 V

6 µF 3 µF

Q
3 µF 6 µF

  

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