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Finding Answers Through Data Collection

This document discusses different methods for collecting data in research: observation, interviews, and questionnaires. It describes two types of observation - participant and non-participant. Interviews can be structured, unstructured, or semi-structured, and conducted individually, with groups, or electronically. Questionnaires come in postal and self-administered forms. Overall, the document provides an overview of techniques for gathering information from subjects through direct interaction or written responses.

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Loujean Gudes Mar
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172 views

Finding Answers Through Data Collection

This document discusses different methods for collecting data in research: observation, interviews, and questionnaires. It describes two types of observation - participant and non-participant. Interviews can be structured, unstructured, or semi-structured, and conducted individually, with groups, or electronically. Questionnaires come in postal and self-administered forms. Overall, the document provides an overview of techniques for gathering information from subjects through direct interaction or written responses.

Uploaded by

Loujean Gudes Mar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Finding Answers Through Data

Collection
Observation
-a technique in gathering data wherein
you personally watch, interact, or
communicate the subjects of your
research
-proofs are obtained in a natural
setting
-considered as the foundation of all
research methods
Observation (Types)
1. Participant Observation
The observer (researcher) takes
part in the activities of the
individual or group being observed.
-uses the diary method or logbook
-descriptive observation
-narrative report
Observation (Types)
2. Non-participant or Structured Observation
-completely detaches the researcher
from the target of observation
-just by watching and listening to the
subjects do their own thing, without
participating in any of their activities
-uses checklist/observation schedule in
recording
Interview
-a data gathering technique that
makes you verbally ask the
subjects or respondents
questions to give answers to
what your research / study is
trying to look for
-face to face or electronically
Interview (Types)
1. Structured Interview
-requires the use of an
interview schedule or a list of
questions answerable with one
and only item from a set of
alternative responses
Interview (Types)
2. Unstructured Interview
-the respondents answer the
questions based on what they
personally think and feel about
it
-there are no suggested answers
Interview (Types)
3. Semi-Structured Interview
-researcher prepares a schedule or a
list of questions that is accompanied by
a list of expression from where the
respondents can pick out the correct
answers.
Interview (Types)
3. Semi-Structured Interview
-however, after choosing one from the
suggested answers, the respondents
answer another set of questions to
make them explain the reasons behind
their choices
-flexible and organized type
Interview (Approaches)
1. Individual Interview
-only one respondent is
interviewed
Interview (Approaches)
2. Group Interview
-asking a question not to one
person, but to a group at the
same time
-the group take turns to answer
-also called as focus group
interview
Interview (Approaches)
3. Mediated Interview
-takes place through electronic
communication devices
-disregards nonverbal
communication
Questionnaire
-a paper containing a list of questions
including the specific place and space
in the paper where you write the
answers to the questions
Questionnaire (Types)
1. Postal Questionnaire
-goes to the respondent through
postal service or electronic mail
-the accomplished questionnaires
will be sent back to the
researchers
Questionnaire (Types)
2. Self-administered Questionnaire
-makes you act as the interviewer
and the interviewee at the same
time
-asking the questions in person or thru
phone; and writing the interviewee’s
answers on a piece of paper

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